1、 Section BLearning About Language.知識體系圖解重點詞匯1.enrol (enroll)vi.& vt. 2.quarry n.(使)加入;注冊;登記采石場重點短語 1.make a profit2.transform from3.enrol in4.later on5.追溯到6.在前面7. 謀生8.比平常;比以往盈利轉換自加入;注冊過后;后來date back toahead ofmake a livingthan usual重點句式 They must have spent a pleasant evening together.重點語法 過去分詞(短語)作

2、表語和狀語 .單句語法填空1.Do you know when does the ancient tower date?2.Fast mask-changing is unique Sichuan Opera performance.3.The ship rounded the Cape of Good Hope and sailed the Atlantic.4.They were not satisfied the service of the restaurant.5.I want to know what the trip to Canada meant you.fromtointow

3、ithto重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習1.Judy enrolled in a programme of study that was eight months in duration,but she completed it in only six months.朱迪參加了一個為期八個月的研究項目,但她只用了六個月就完成了。【詞匯精講】enrol vi.& vt.(使)加入;注冊;登記You may want to enrol your child in a nearby school.你可能想讓你的孩子在附近的學校上學。You can come and enrol your child

4、ren in the school.你可以送你的孩子來學校登記。I enrolled for/in/on the modern art course.我參加了現代藝術課程。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習2.A growing number of woodworkers have decided to move to the urban areas for better jobs.越來越多的木工決定搬到城市去找更好的工作。【詞匯精講】a number of “許多”,后接可數名詞的復數形式。He has a number of interests,ranging

5、 from playing chess to swimming.他的愛好很多,下棋、游泳都有涉獵。I bought a number of journals concerned with my subject.我買了很多與我專業有關的雜志。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習【詞匯拓展】“a number of+復數名詞”作主語,謂語動詞用復數形式;“the number of+復數名詞”作主語,謂語動詞用單數形式。The number of people invited was fifty,but a number of them were absent for different reason

6、s.有五十人受邀,但他們中有許多人由于各種原因沒有來。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習They must have spent a pleasant evening together.他們在一起一定度過了一個愉快的夜晚。【句式剖析】句中的must have been是must have done結構,表示對過去事情的肯定推測,譯成“過去一定做過某事”,該結構只用于肯定句。You must have read widely and put a lot of work into it.你過去一定進行了廣泛閱讀并投入了大量的工作。【句式拓展】(1)表示對過去發生的事情

7、否定或疑問的推測要用can或could。Mr Smith cant have gone to Beijing,for I saw him in the library just now.史密斯先生不可能去北京了,我剛才還在圖書館見過他。There is nowhere to find them.Where can they have gone?到處找不到他們,他們可能到什么地方去呢?重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習(2)may/might have done也可表示對發生過的事情的推測,意思是“可能已經”或“也許已經”,用于肯定句中。might與may意思相同,但可能性更小。What has

8、happened to George?喬治發生了什么事?I dont know.He may have got lost.我不知道,他可能迷路了。He might have given you more help,even though he was busy.他或許會多給你一些幫助,即使他很忙。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習過去分詞(短語)作狀語和表語一、過去分詞(短語)作狀語1.過去分詞(短語)作狀語時的意義過去分詞(短語)作狀語,說明謂語動詞的動作和狀態,其邏輯賓語是句子的主語,也就是說過去分詞與句子的主語之間是被動關系。Written in a hur

9、ry,the report has a number of spelling mistakes.(write的邏輯賓語是the report)因為寫得匆忙,這個報告有許多拼寫錯誤。Built more than 500 years ago,the wooden tower is in danger of falling down.(build的邏輯賓語是the tower)這座木塔建于500多年前,現在正瀕臨倒塌。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習2.過去分詞(短語)作狀語時的作用由于過去分詞(短語)具有副詞的某些特征,因此在句中可以作原因、時間、條件、讓步、伴隨或結果等狀語。(1)時間狀語As

10、ked why he was absent from class,the little boy lied that he was ill.當問到他為什么沒有上課時,那個小男孩撒謊說他病了。Questioned by the police,Mr Brown was at a loss what to do.警察詢問布朗先生時,他不知所措。(2)條件狀語Given enough water,the newly-planted trees would not have died.如果澆足水,這些新栽的樹就不會死了。Compared with his brother,Tom seems more di

11、ligent.與他弟弟相比,湯姆好像更勤奮。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習(3)原因狀語Frightened by the terrible noise,Mary didnt dare to go out alone at night.受到可怕聲音的驚嚇,瑪麗晚上不敢獨自外出。Encouraged by the progress he has made,he works harder.由于受到所取得成績的鼓舞,他工作更努力了。(4)讓步狀語Defeated by Class Three in basketball,they didnt lose heart.雖然他們在籃球比賽中被三班打敗,但

12、他們沒有灰心。Published many times,his book still sells well in the market.盡管發行過多次,這本書在市場上仍然暢銷。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習(5)伴隨或結果狀語The professor entered the lecture hall,followed by a group of students.教授進了講演廳,后面跟著一群學生。He finally arrived,tired out from such a long walk.他終于到達了,走那么長的路累得他不得了。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習3.過去分詞(短語)作

13、狀語時的轉換(1)過去分詞(短語)作原因、時間、條件、讓步、方式等狀語時可以改成其相應的狀語從句。United we will stand;divided we will fall.If we are united we will stand;if we are divided we will fall.團結就是勝利;分裂必然失敗。Lost in deep thought,he didnt notice me standing by.As he was lost in deep thought,he didnt notice me standing by.因為沉溺于思考中,所以他沒有注意到我站

14、在旁邊。Faced with difficulties,we must try to overcome them.When we are faced with difficulties,we must try to overcome them.在遇到困難時,我們必須設法克服。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習(2)過去分詞(短語)作伴隨狀語或結果狀語時可轉換為并列結構。The patient got off the bed,supported by the nurse.The patient got off the bed and was supported by the nurse.病人在護士

15、的攙扶下下了床。The girl met with an accident,wounded in the head.The girl met with an accident and was wounded in the head.那個女孩出了事故,頭部受了傷。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習4.過去分詞(短語)和動詞-ing形式作狀語的區別過去分詞(短語)作狀語時與其邏輯主語之間是被動關系,往往含有完成的含義,而動詞-ing形式作狀語則表示主動關系。Seen from the top of the building,the city looks more beautiful.從大樓頂上看,城

16、市更美麗。Seeing the city from the top of the building,I find the city more beautiful.從大樓頂上看,我發現城市更美麗。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習二、過去分詞(短語)作表語1.用法過去分詞(短語)作表語表示主語所處狀態或主觀心理感受,相當于形容詞的作用。The ground is covered with snow.地上覆蓋著雪。Mr Brown and Mary are married.布朗先生和瑪麗結婚了。Tom was disappointed to hear his suggestions had been

17、 turned down.湯姆聽到他的建議被拒絕了很失望。The window of my room is broken.我房間的窗戶是壞的。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習注意: 表示感覺的一些過去分詞 (surprised,disappointed,excited,pleased等)及其他一些過去分詞(dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known,married,bent,recovered,separated等)常可用作表語,表示狀態。其中有些只表狀態,毫無被動意義。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習2.過去分詞(短語)作表語與被動語態的區別(1)被動語態強調動作,主語

18、是動作承受者;過去分詞(短語)作表語說明主語的狀態或特征。The novel was written ten years ago.這本小說是10年前寫的。The novel is well written.這本小說寫得很好。(2)被動語態后常接by短語,表示動作的執行者;而過去分詞作表語后不接by短語,但可以接其他的介詞,表示特征。The village is surrounded with hills on four sides.那個村莊四面環山。He was frightened because he was surrounded by a lot of dogs.他很害怕,因為他被一群狗

19、圍著。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習3.過去分詞(短語)作表語和動詞-ing形式作表語的區別過去分詞(短語)作表語時與其邏輯主語之間是被動關系,而動詞-ing形式作表語則表示主動關系。They were amazed to see such a big park.看到那么大的公園他們很吃驚。The park with such beautiful scenery is really amazing.有這么多美景的公園的確令人吃驚。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習.選詞填空1.disappointed/disappointingMr Li seemed very to hear he hadnt passed the driving test.答案:disappointed2.frightened/frighteningThe noise out of