1、 閱讀Reading for writing中的材料，選擇最佳答案1Why did farmers welcome artificial fertilisers at first?ABecause they could fight crop disease.BBecause they could increase production.CBecause they were in widespread use.DBecause they benefited peoples health.2What can we learn about crops grown with chemical fert

2、ilisers?AThey are rich in nutrition.BThey are rich in essential minerals.CThey are very tasty and nutritious.DThey look beautiful on the outside.3How do organic farmers keep their soil rich?ABy using natural waste.BBy using chemicals.CBy using minerals.DBy using fresh water.答案13BDAWords And Phrasese

3、q avs4al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1)deal with 處理；對(duì)付；安排；對(duì)待；與打交道；涉及(教材P52)To deal with this crisis, he chose to study agriculture.為了應(yīng)對(duì)這一危機(jī)，他選擇了學(xué)習(xí)農(nóng)業(yè)。知識(shí)拓展deal with中的deal為不及物動(dòng)詞，常與疑問(wèn)詞how連用，表示“怎么處理/對(duì)待”；同義短語(yǔ)為do with，其中的do為及物動(dòng)詞，表示“怎么處理/對(duì)待”時(shí)，與疑問(wèn)詞what連用。例1In the process, the children learn to deal with difficulties.在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，孩子們學(xué)會(huì)了應(yīng)付

4、困難。例2His article deals with many issues we are greatly concerned about.他的文章涉及許多我們非常關(guān)心的問(wèn)題。例3The lady is hard to deal with.這個(gè)婦人很難對(duì)付。即學(xué)即練完成句子/一句多譯(諺)以其人之道，還治其人之身。Deal with a man as he deals with you.我不知道他們將如何處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題。I dont know how they will deal with the problem. I dont know what they will do with the

5、problem.eq avs4al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2)poverty n貧窮；貧困(教材P54)It is celebrated in more than 150 countries, raising awareness and knowledge of the problems and causes behind world hunger and poverty.它在150多個(gè)國(guó)家舉行慶祝活動(dòng)，提高人們對(duì)世界饑餓和貧困背后的問(wèn)題和原因的認(rèn)識(shí)和了解。例1The article shows a poverty of imagination.這篇文章顯得缺乏想象力。例2She has a sure pr

6、asp of social issues such as literacy，poverty and child care.她對(duì)掃盲、貧窮和兒童保育等社會(huì)問(wèn)題都有深切的認(rèn)識(shí)。翻譯三分之一的人口生活在貧困線或以下。A third of the population is living at or below the poverty line知識(shí)拓展(1)in poverty處于貧窮之中a poverty of 缺乏below/above the poverty line在貧困線之下/之上(2)poor adj. 貧窮的；貧困的即學(xué)即練單句語(yǔ)法填空He was rich, but is now re

7、duced to poverty(poor)The poor man in poverty sleeps on the floor at the doorway.eq avs4al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3)in turn 相應(yīng)地；轉(zhuǎn)而；依次；輪流(教材P55)This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them.這影響了生長(zhǎng)在土地上的作物，進(jìn)而影響消化它們的動(dòng)物和人類。例1The girls took it in turn to wipe down the tables a

8、fter meals.女孩子們飯后輪流擦桌子。例2Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.理論的基礎(chǔ)是實(shí)踐，反過(guò)來(lái)理論又為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。翻譯他們依次回答了老師的問(wèn)題。They answered the teachers questions in turn知識(shí)拓展in ones turn輪到某人；接著by turns 輪流；依次take turns doing/to do. 輪流做Its ones turn to do sth. 輪到某人干某事即學(xué)即練單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子It is my turn to clean(clean

9、) the classroom this week.The girls called out their names in turn.They took turns(turn) to care about their parents.當(dāng)輪到我時(shí)，我激動(dòng)得都說(shuō)不出話來(lái)了。When it is in my turn, I am too excited to speak.eq avs4al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4)alternative n可供選擇的事物adj.可供替代的；非傳統(tǒng)的(教材P55)As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic fa

10、rming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery.作為一種選擇，一些農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)向有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)，許多顧客在當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨店購(gòu)物時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)向有機(jī)食品。例1We returned by the alternative road.我們從另一條路回來(lái)的。例2This kind of newspaper is alternative press.這種報(bào)紙是非傳統(tǒng)性報(bào)刊。翻譯除了當(dāng)俘虜之外，唯一的選擇就是奮戰(zhàn)至死了。The only alternative to being taken prison

11、er was to die fighting.知識(shí)拓展(1)have no alternative/choice but to do sth.別無(wú)選擇只好做某事have the alternative of doing sth. 有做的選擇，可以做theres no alternative.but to do sth. 別無(wú)選擇只好做某事an alternative to. 的替代品(2)alternatively adv. 可供選擇地即學(xué)即練單句語(yǔ)法填空I had no alternative but to accept(accept) the offer.If you dont like

12、the school lunch, you have the alternative of bringing(bring) your own.We could walk or alternatively(alternative)we could go in Teds car.名師點(diǎn)津“別無(wú)選擇只好做”的其他表達(dá)形式還有：have no choice but to do sth.；cant do sth.but do sth.；can do nothing but do sth.等。在這些結(jié)構(gòu)中若but之前出現(xiàn)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式，but之后要用省略to的不定式，否則，but之后的to不能省略

13、。eq avs4al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5)depth n向下(或向里)的距離；深(度)(教材P56)Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich.有機(jī)種植的農(nóng)民也種植不同的農(nóng)作物，利用不同深度的土壤來(lái)保持土壤肥沃。例1The old man disappeared into the depths of the house.老人消失在住宅深處。例2I have expressed the depth of my gratitude to him.我向他表示了深

14、切的謝意。翻譯不能期望較年輕的學(xué)生有深刻的理解能力。Younger students cannot be expected to have great depth of understanding知識(shí)拓展in depth全面；深入；詳細(xì)from the depth of the mind 從心底里；真心地at a depth of. 在的深度in the depths of 在正中；在深處即學(xué)即練單句語(yǔ)法填空Plant the beans at a depth of about six inches.This is a new subject and needs to be explored

15、in depth.When her son got injured and disabled in the accident, she was in the depths of despair.小片段填空She belongs to herself.Nobody can measure the depth of her heart, deep as sea.她屬于自己，沒(méi)有人能測(cè)出她心有多深，深似大海。 名師點(diǎn)津adj.deephighwidelongn.depthheightwidthlengthv.deepenheightenwidenlengthenSentence Patternseq

16、 avs4al(重點(diǎn)句式1)not only.but also.句型(教材P55)For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones.例如，殺蟲(chóng)劑不僅可以殺死有害的細(xì)菌和昆蟲(chóng)，還可以殺死有益的昆蟲(chóng)，從而破壞土地。句式分析：句中not only.but also.“不僅而且”用作并列連詞，相當(dāng)于“not just .but also.”。例1Shakespeare was not only a writer but (

17、also) an actor.莎士比亞不僅是一位劇作家，而且是一位演員。例2Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.淺色和鮮艷的顏色不但使人看了高興，也會(huì)使人更加活潑。翻譯英國(guó)人和美國(guó)人不但語(yǔ)言相同，而且有很多相同的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs.知識(shí)拓展(1)該結(jié)構(gòu)常用來(lái)連接并列成分，如兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)、謂

18、語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或句子，在意義上強(qiáng)調(diào)后者，其中also可以省略。(2)“not only.but also.”連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)遵循就近原則；當(dāng)not only 位于句首連接兩個(gè)句子時(shí)，第一個(gè)分句要用部分倒裝，第二個(gè)分句不倒裝。即學(xué)即練完成句子他們不僅闖進(jìn)了他的辦公室，而且撕碎了他的文件。They not only broke into his office but (also) tore up his papers.不僅是你而且還有他從火中救出了那些男孩。Not only you but (also) he has saved the boys from the fire.不

19、僅學(xué)生，而且他們的老師也喜歡踢足球。Not just the students but also their teacher likes playing football他不僅能準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，而且說(shuō)得很流利。Not only can he speak English correctly, but he also speaks it fluently.eq avs4al(重點(diǎn)句式2)too.to.句型(教材P55)As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutri

20、tion.至于化肥，用它們種植的作物通常生長(zhǎng)得太快，而不含豐富的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。句式分析：too.to.意為“太而不能”，表示否定含義。例1He is too shy to speak to her.他太害羞，不敢同她講話。例2Its too cheap to be good.這東西太便宜，好不了(即便宜無(wú)好貨)。翻譯他太小，還分不清是非。He is too young to know right from wrong.知識(shí)拓展(1)tooadj.(情感、心情或傾向等主語(yǔ)態(tài)度的詞，常見(jiàn)的有anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing, etc.

21、)to do sth.(表示肯定意義)非常/很干某事(2)not/never too.to do sth.并不太做某事(3)only too.to do sth. 非常做某事(4)cant/can never.to. 再也不過(guò)分即學(xué)即練完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換你做家庭作業(yè)時(shí)怎樣仔細(xì)也不過(guò)分。You cant be too careful to do your homework活到老，學(xué)到老。Never too old to learn他總是樂(lè)于助人。He is too ready to help others當(dāng)她聽(tīng)到這則消息時(shí)激動(dòng)得說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。She was so excited that she

22、couldnt say a word when she heard the news.She was too excited to say a word when she heard the news.eq avs4al(重點(diǎn)句式3)there be句型(教材P56)Therefore，there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table.因此，要找到一個(gè)合適的解決方案，使人們的餐桌上有足夠的食物，還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走句式分析：there be 句型，表

23、示“某處有(存在)某人或某物”。例1There is an eraser and two pens on the desk.桌子上有一塊橡皮和兩支鋼筆。例2There have been lots of accidents near the crossing.在這個(gè)十字路口附近，發(fā)生了很多事故。翻譯河里有幾個(gè)孩子在游泳。There are several children swimming in the river.知識(shí)拓展(1)there be句型最簡(jiǎn)單的結(jié)構(gòu)為：There be(is，are，was, were )名詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。(2)在There be引導(dǎo)的句子中, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be的人稱和數(shù)

24、應(yīng)該和它后面的主語(yǔ)(名詞)保持一致, 當(dāng)有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞作并列主語(yǔ)時(shí), be的形式則和第一個(gè)名詞保持一致(就近原則)。(3)there be句型中的be可以用表示“存在”的動(dòng)詞，如live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, come, go等替代。句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：there存在類動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)。即學(xué)即練完成句子曾經(jīng)有一個(gè)年輕人，他夢(mèng)想一夜暴富。There lived a young man who desired to be rich overnight.我們教室前有一棵老松樹(shù)。There stands an old pine tree

25、 in front of our classroom.此事似乎出了問(wèn)題。There seems to be something wrong with it.詞語(yǔ)猜測(cè)題詞語(yǔ)猜測(cè)題主要考查考生猜測(cè)文章中某個(gè)生詞、短語(yǔ)或詞塊的含義，或考查該詞(塊)能被哪個(gè)單詞、短語(yǔ)或詞塊代替。此外，也會(huì)涉及某一個(gè)熟詞在不同語(yǔ)境中的不同含義。【例文】But this summer I find myself at a loss.Im not quite interested in Balzac, say, or “Tristram Shandy.” Theres always War and Peace, which

26、 Ive covered some distance several times, only to get bogged down in the “War” part, eq x(set it aside for a while), and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again, having forgotten everyones name and social rank.How appealing to simply fall back on a favoriteonce more into “The Wave

27、s” or “Justine，” which feels almost like cheating, too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.What do the underlined words “get bogged down” in paragraph 2 mean?AGet confused.BBe carried away.CBe interrupted. DMake no progress.解題關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)猜測(cè)主要是從“已知”得出“未知”，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是該詞語(yǔ)前后的內(nèi)

28、容)進(jìn)行推理。有時(shí)還需要依靠常識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)猜測(cè)。解題思路Step 1：快速查找與猜測(cè)相關(guān)的信息句 (中句)Step 2：詳讀作者在讀“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”部分時(shí)幾次合上書(shū)，把書(shū)放一邊，之后不得不再次從頭開(kāi)始閱讀。Step 3：嘗試解答由信息句可判斷出，句中畫(huà)線的“get bogged down”指的是陷入困境，停滯不前，沒(méi)有進(jìn)展。與make no progress同義，故選D。針對(duì)性練習(xí)(一)Education takes time.We could insist that everyone study fulltime until the age of 45 but that would surely be

29、 too much.And perhaps half the population studying until theyre 21 is also too much.As for universities, they consume financial and intellectual resourcesperhaps those resources might be better spent elsewhere.Whats the meaning of the word “consume”？AUse. BProvide.CDelight. DRaise.A上文說(shuō)凡事都有代價(jià)，再結(jié)合畫(huà)線詞后

30、的“financial and intellectual resources”可知，大學(xué)占用大量財(cái)政和智力資源，由此可知畫(huà)線詞詞義為“占用、使用”，故A項(xiàng)正確。(二)But a year ago when my relationship with my wife and career took a hit, I needed my dad to pull back the curtain so I could see him as real and accessible.I was facing serious problems, and I wanted to know whether he

31、 had faced them before and how he had found his way, because I felt like I had lost mine.In desperation, it occurred to me that sending an email might be the key, so I wrote him one, telling him about my regrets and fears, and I asked him to answer, if he felt like it.The underlined part can be best replaced by Adraw the curtainBbecome more optimisticCshow his true selfDclear the misunderstandingC根據(jù)“But a year ago when my rel