1、（初升高）高一英語銜接班第4講一一非謂語動詞一、學習目標：了解非謂語動詞的各種形式以及它們的基本用法。二、學習要點：非謂語動詞的基本形式以及基本用法動名詞的完成式、被動式與過去分詞的用法不定式的進行式、完成式與被動式的用法三、課程精講：（一）重點知識講解1、非謂語動詞的基本形式：不定式、動名詞、分詞（現在分詞，過去分詞）特點：不能作謂語，無人稱變化和單復數變化，但有時態和語態的變化。否定形式：2.非謂語動詞的句法功能具有哪些詞的部分特征可作哪些句子成分名詞形容詞副詞主賓表定狀補不7E式VVVVVVVVV動名詞VV7V7VV現在分詞VVVVVV過去分詞V7V7V7V7V7V73.不定式和動名詞作

2、主語的區別（1）動名詞作主語通常表示抽象動作；而不定式作主語表示具體動作。Smokingisallowedhere.（抽象）Itisnotverygoodforyoutosmokesomuch.（具體）（2）動名詞作主語時，通常用來表示一件已知的事或經驗。不定式短語作主語通常用來表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbingmountainsisinteresting.（經驗）ToclimbmountainsthisweekendiswhatI'mficexpecting.（3）不定式作主語，一般用it當形式主語，把作主語的不定式短語后置。Ittookmeonlyfiveminutesto

3、finishthejob.4.分詞作表語分詞作表語有兩種情況，一種是現在分詞作表語，一種是過去分詞作表語。interesting令人感興趣白interested感興趣的exciting令人激動的excited感到激動的delighting令人高興的delighted感到高興的練習1) pleasingsurprisingworrying2) Travellingisbut3) Theywerevery5.下列動詞只能用不定式作賓語決心學會想希望，拒絕設法愿假裝；主動答應選計劃，同意請求幫一幫。pleasedsurprisedworried.旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲勞。atthenews.聽到這

4、個消息，他們非常激動。6 .下列動詞只能用動名詞作賓語建議冒險去獻身，忍受期待不停頓;放棄延期悔失去，堅持欣賞實踐成;注意原諒避反對，考慮要求不自禁;允許習慣不介意，價值開始想動名。練習:1) Weagreed(meet)heretomorrowmorning.2) IcanhardlyimaginePeter(sail)acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.7 .不定式和分詞作狀語(1)現在分詞與過去分詞作狀語的區別。1)現在分詞作狀語時，現在分詞表示的動作就是句子主語的動作，它們之間的關系是主動關系。Hewentoutshuttingthedoorbehindh

5、im.2)過去分詞作狀語時，過去分詞表示的動作是句子主語承受的動作，它們之間的關系是被動關系。Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.(2)動詞不定式和分詞作狀語的區別分詞作狀語一般表示伴隨，而不定式作狀語常表示目的。Theystoodbytheroadsidetalkingabouttheplan.(伴隨)Theystoodbytheroadsidetotalkabouttheplan.(目的)形式與主語關系與謂語動詞關系todo；主謂/主動關系將要發生doing主謂/主動關系同時發生或基本同時發生done動賓/被動關系動作已完成練習1

6、) Hegotupearly(catch)thefirstbus.2)(cross)thestreet,youshouldbecareful.3) Theteachercameintotheclassroom,(follow)bysomestudents.(二)解題方法總結1 .有些動詞后使用動名詞和動詞不定式作賓語的差別1) forget/remembertodosth.忘記/記得要去做某事(此事未做)forget/rememberdoingsth.忘記/記得做過某事(此事已做過或已發生)2) stoptodosth.停止、中斷(某件事)，目的是去做另一件事stopdoingsth.停止正在

7、做的事3) regrettodosth.對要做的事遺憾(未做)regretdoingsth.對做過的事感到后悔(已做)4) trytodosth.努力、企圖做某事trydoingsth.試驗、試一試某種辦法5) meantodo打算，有意要meandoing意味著6) goontodosth.繼而(去做另外一件事情)goondoingsth.繼續(原先沒有做完的事情)練習1) Shedidn'tremember(meet)himbefore.2) We'vealwaysregretted(sell)thehouse.3) Imean(leave)forBeijingtomorr

8、ow.2 .過去分詞作表語與被動語態的區別過去分詞作表語，主要表示動作的完成和狀態，相當于一個形容詞。Ourclassroomisverycrowded.被動語態的過去分詞，動作意味強，句子主語為動作的承受者，后常接by。Ourclassroomiscrowdedbyanumberofstudents.3 .非謂語動詞的形式變化不定式(todo)動名詞(doing)現在分詞(doing)主動被動主動被動主動被動一般式todotobedonedoingbeingdonedoingbeingdone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendonehavingdonehavingbeendon

9、ehavingdonehavingbeendoneIamgladtovisittheGreatWall.IamgladtohavevisitedtheGreatWall.Themeetingheldyesterdaywasimportant.Themeetingbeingheldnowisimportant.ThemeetingtobeheldnextFridaywillbeimportant.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.總結各種形式所表達的含義：(三)即學即練1. (sleep)lateintheafternoo

10、n,Bobturnedoffthealarm.2. Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand(correct)them.3. Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears(tell)everything.4. Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget(pay)bythehour.5. Hesentmeane-mail,(hope)togetsomeinformation.6. When(complete),themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.(四)Wj考

11、鏈接1. inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.A.TowalkB.WalkingC.WalkedD.Havingwalked2. inthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.A.WaitingB.TowaitC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited3. Thetreesinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownC.

12、blowingdownD.toblowdown4. theprojectasplanned,weavetow(Mrkitwomorehoursaday.A.CompletingB.CompleteC.CompletedD.Tocomplete5. TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishasmuchaswecan.A.speakB.speakingC.spokenD.tospeak6. Hewasbusywritingastory,onlyonceinawhiletosmokeacigarette.A.tostopB.s

13、toppingC.tohavestoppedD.havingstopped四、下講預告：下一節指導課將具體講解完形填空在高中學習中的變化，以及做題技巧。【同步練習】(答題時間：25分鐘)1. Helenhadtoshoutabovethesoundofthemusic.A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard2. ThemaninsistedataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.in

14、finding3. Theoldman,abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.A.toworkB.workingC.tohaveworkedD.havingworked4. Youweresillynotyourcar.A.tolockB.tohavelockedC.lockingD.havinglocked5. Don'tleavethewaterwhileyoubrushyourteeth.A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun6. Whenfirsttothemarket,theseprodu

15、ctsenjoyedgreatsuccess.A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced7. “Wecan'tgooutinthisweather,“saidBob,outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked8. Myadvisorencouragedasummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.A.formetakingB.metakingC.formetotakeD.metotake9.1 nthequeueforhalfa

16、nhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited10. LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown11. Sarah,hurryup.I'mafraidyoucan'thavetimetobeforetheparty.A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange12. bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtostayanothertwodaysonthefarm.A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Havingattracted13. Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,onlythefilmstarshadleft.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told14 .withth