1、一些物理化學專業英語詞匯BET 公式BET formulaDLVO 理論DLVO theoryHLB 法hydrophile-lipophile balance methodpVT 性質pVT property電勢zeta potential阿伏加德羅常數Avogadro number阿伏加德羅定律Avogadro law阿累尼烏斯電離理論Arrhenius ionization theory阿累尼烏斯方程Arrhenius equation阿累尼烏斯活化能Arrhenius activation energy阿馬格定律Amagat law艾林方程Erying equation愛因斯坦光化當量

2、定律Einstein s law of photochemical equivalence愛因斯坦斯托克斯方程Einstein-Stokes equation安托萬常數Antoine constant安托萬方程Antoine equation盎薩格電導理論Onsagers theory of conductance半電池half cell半衰期half time period飽和液體saturated liquids飽和蒸氣saturated vapor飽和吸附量saturated extent of adsorption飽和蒸氣壓saturated vapor pressure爆炸界限exp

3、losion limits比表面功specific surface work比表面吉布斯函數specific surface Gibbs function比濃粘度reduced viscosity標準電動勢standard electromotive force標準電極電勢standard electrode potential標準摩爾反應焓standard molar reaction enthalpy標準摩爾反應吉布斯函數standard Gibbs function of molar reaction標準摩爾反應熵standard molar reaction entropy標準摩爾焓函

4、數standard molar enthalpy function標準摩爾吉布斯自由能函數standard molar Gibbs free energy function標準摩爾燃燒焓standard molar combustion enthalpy標準摩爾熵standard molar entropy標準摩爾生成焓standard molar formation enthalpy標準摩爾生成吉布斯函數standard molar formation Gibbs function標準平衡常數standard equilibrium constant標準氫電極standard hydroge

5、n electrode標準態standard state標準熵standard entropy標準壓力standard pressure標準狀況 standard condition表觀活化能apparent activation energy表觀摩爾質量apparent molecular weight表觀遷移數apparent transference number表面surfaces表面過程控制surface process control表面活性劑surfactants表面吸附量surface excess表面張力surface tension表面質量作用定律surface mass

6、action law波義爾定律Boyle law波義爾溫度Boyle temperature波義爾點 Boyle point玻爾茲曼常數Boltzmann constant玻爾茲曼分布Boltzmann distribution玻爾茲曼公式Boltzmann formula玻爾茲曼熵定理Boltzmann entropy theorem玻色愛因斯坦統計Bose-Einstein statistics泊Poise不可逆過程irreversible process不可逆過程熱力學thermodynamics of irreversible processes不可逆相變化irreversible p

7、hase change布朗運動brownian movement查理定律Charles law產率yield敞開系統open system超電勢over potential沉降sedimentation沉降電勢sedimentation potential沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium觸變thixotropy粗分散系統thick disperse system催化劑catalyst單分子層吸附理論mono molecule layer adsorption單分子反應unimolecular reaction單鏈反應straight chain reactions彈式

8、量熱計bomb calorimeter道爾頓定律Dalton law道爾頓分壓定律Dalton partial pressure law德拜和法爾肯哈根效應Debye and Falkenhagen effect德拜立方公式Debye cubic formula德拜休克爾極限公式Debye-Huckel s limiting equation等焓過程isenthalpic process等焓線 isenthalpic line等幾率定理theorem of equal probability等溫等容位Helmholtz free energy等溫等壓位Gibbs free energy等溫方程

9、equation at constant temperature低共熔點eutectic point低共熔混合物eutectic mixture低會溶點lower consolute point低熔冰鹽合晶cryohydric第二類永動機perpetual machine of the second kind第三定律熵third-law entropy第一類永動機perpetual machine of the first kind締合化學吸附association chemical adsorption電池常數cell constant電池電動勢electromotive force of

10、cells電池反應cell reaction電導conductance電導率conductivity電動勢的溫度系數temperature coefficient of electromotive force電動電勢zeta potential電功electric work電化學electrochemistry電化學極化electrochemical polarization電極電勢electrode potential電極反應reactions on the electrode電極種類type of electrodes電解池electrolytic cell電量計coulometer電流效

11、率current efficiency電遷移electro migration電遷移率electromobility電滲electroosmosis電滲析electrodialysis電泳electrophoresis丁達爾效應Dyndall effect定容摩爾熱容molar heat capacity under constant volume定容溫度計Constant voIume thermometer定壓摩爾熱容molar heat capacity under constant pressure定壓溫度計constant pressure thermometer定域子系統local

12、ized particle system動力學方程kinetic equations動力學控制kinetics control獨立子系統independent particle system對比摩爾體積reduced mole volume對比體積reduced volume對比溫度reduced temperature對比壓力reduced pressure對稱數symmetry number對行反應reversible reactions對應狀態原理principle of corresponding state多方過程polytropic process多分子層吸附理論adsorptio

13、n theory of multi-molecular layers二級反應second order reaction二級相變second order phase change法拉第常數faraday constant法拉第定律Faradays law反電動勢back E.M.F.反滲透reverse osmosis反應分子數molecularity反應級數reaction orders反應進度extent of reaction反應熱heat of reaction反應速率rate of reaction反應速率常數constant of reaction rate范德華常數van der

14、Waals constant范德華方程van der Waals equation范德華力van der Waals force范德華氣體van der Waals gases范特霍夫方程van t Hoff equation范特霍夫規則van t Hoff rule范特霍夫滲透壓公式van t Hoff equation of osmotic pressure非基元反應non-elementary reactions非體積功non-volume work非依時計量學反應time independent stoichiometric reactions菲克擴散第一定律Fick s first

15、law of diffusion沸點boiling point沸點升高elevation of boiling point費米狄拉克統計Fermi-Dirac statistics分布distribution分布數distribution numbers分解電壓decomposition voltage分配定律distribution law分散系統disperse system分散相dispersion phase分體積partial volume分體積定律partial volume law分壓partial pressure分壓定律partial pressure law分子反應力學me

16、chanics of molecular reactions分子間力intermolecular force分子蒸餾molecular distillation封閉系統closed system附加壓力excess pressure弗羅因德利希吸附經驗式Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption負極negative pole負吸附negative adsorption復合反應composite reaction蓋呂薩克定律Gay-Lussac law蓋斯定律Hess law甘汞電極calomel electrode感膠離子序lyotropic seri

17、es杠桿規則lever rule高分子溶液macromolecular solution高會溶點upper consolute point隔離法the isolation method格羅塞斯德雷珀定律Grotthus-Draoer s law隔離系統isolated system根均方速率root-mean-square speed功work功函work content共軛溶液conjugate solution共沸溫度azeotropic temperature構型熵configurational entropy孤立系統isolated system固溶膠solid sol固態混合物sol

18、id solution固相線solid phase line光反應photoreaction光化學第二定律the second law of actinochemistry光化學第一定律the first law of actinochemistry光敏反應photosensitized reactions光譜熵spectrumentropy廣度性質extensive property廣延量extensive quantity廣延性質extensive property規定熵stipulated entropy過飽和溶液oversaturated solution過飽和蒸氣oversatura

19、ted vapor過程process過渡狀態理論transition state theory過冷水super-cooled water過冷液體overcooled liquid過熱液體overheated liquid亥姆霍茲函數Helmholtz function亥姆霍茲函數判據Helmholtz function criterion亥姆霍茲自由能Helmholtz free energy亥氏函數Helmholtz function焓enthalpy亨利常數Henry constant亨利定律Henry law恒沸混合物constant boiling mixture恒容摩爾熱容molar

20、 heat capacity at constant volume恒容熱heat at constant volume恒外壓constant external pressure恒壓摩爾熱容molar heat capacity at constant pressure恒壓熱heat at constant pressure化學動力學chemical kinetics化學反應計量式stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction化學反應計量系數stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction化學反應進度exte

21、nt of chemical reaction化學親合勢chemical affinity化學熱力學chemical thermodynamics化學勢chemical potential化學勢判據chemical potential criterion化學吸附chemisorptions環境environment環境熵變entropy change in environment揮發度volatility混合熵entropy of mixing混合物mixture活度activity活化控制activation control活化絡合物理論activated complex theory活化能

22、activation energy霍根 - 華森圖Hougen-Watson Chart基態能級energy level at ground state基希霍夫公式Kirchhoff formula基元反應elementary reactions積分溶解熱integration heat of dissolution吉布斯杜亥姆方程Gibbs-Duhem equation吉布斯亥姆霍茲方程Gibbs-Helmhotz equation吉布斯函數Gibbs function吉布斯函數判據Gibbs function criterion吉布斯吸附公式Gibbs adsorption formula

23、吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy吉氏函數Gibbs function極化電極電勢polarization potential of electrode極化曲線polarization curves極化作用polarization極限摩爾電導率limiting molar conductivity幾率因子steric factor計量式stoichiometric equation計量系數stoichiometric coefficient價數規則rule of valence簡并度degeneracy鍵焓bond enthalpy膠凍broth jelly膠核colloidal

24、nucleus膠凝作用demulsification膠束micelle膠體colloid膠體分散系統dispersion system of colloid膠體化學collochemistry膠體粒子colloidal particles膠團micelle焦耳Joule焦耳 - 湯姆生實驗Joule-Thomson experiment焦耳 - 湯姆生系數Joule-Thomson coefficient焦耳 - 湯姆生效應Joule-Thomson effect焦耳定律Joules law接觸電勢contact potential接觸角contact angle節流過程throttling

25、process節流膨脹throttling expansion節流膨脹系數coefficient of throttling expansion結線tie line結晶熱heat of crystallization解離化學吸附dissociation chemical adsorption界面interfaces界面張力surface tension浸濕immersion wetting浸濕功immersion wetting work精餾rectify聚（合）電解質polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulation value絕對反應速率理論absolut

26、e reaction rate theory絕對熵absolute entropy絕對溫標absolute temperature scale絕熱過程adiabatic processtie lineheat of crystallization絕熱量熱計adiabatic calorimeter絕熱指數adiabatic index卡諾定理Carnot theorem卡諾循環Carnot cycle開爾文公式Kelvin formula柯諾瓦洛夫吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科爾勞施離子獨立運動定律Kohlrausch s Law of Independent Migrat

27、ion of Ions可能的電解質potential electrolyte可逆電池reversible cell可逆過程reversible process可逆過程方程reversible process equation可逆體積功reversible volume work可逆相變reversible phase change克拉佩龍方程Clapeyron equation克勞修斯不等式Clausius inequality克勞修斯克拉佩龍方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步驟control step庫侖計coulometer擴散控制diffusion cont

28、rolled拉普拉斯方程Laplaces equation拉烏爾定律Raoult law蘭格繆爾欣謝爾伍德機理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism蘭格繆爾吸附等溫式Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula雷利公式Rayleigh equation冷凍系數coefficient of refrigeration冷卻曲線cooling curve離解熱 heat of dissociation離解壓力dissociation pressure離域子系統non-localized particle systems離子的標準摩爾生成焓standa

29、rd molar formation of ion離子的電遷移率mobility of ions離子的遷移數transport number of ions離子獨立運動定律law of the independent migration of ions離子氛ionic atmosphere離子強度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture理想氣體ideal gas接觸電勢contact potential接觸角contact angle節流過程throttling process節流膨脹throttling expansion節流膨脹系數coefficient of

30、throttling expansion結線結晶熱解離化學吸附dissociation chemical adsorption界面interfaces界面張力surface tension浸濕immersion wetting浸濕功immersion wetting work精餾rectify聚（合）電解質polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulation value絕對反應速率理論absolute reaction rate theory絕對熵absolute entropy絕對溫標absolute temperature scale絕熱過程adiabati

31、c process絕熱量熱計adiabatic calorimeter絕熱指數adiabatic index卡諾定理Carnot theorem卡諾循環Carnot cycle開爾文公式Kelvin formula柯諾瓦洛夫吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科爾勞施離子獨立運動定律Kohlrausch s Law of Independent Migration of Ions可能的電解質potential electrolyte可逆電池reversible cell可逆過程reversible process可逆過程方程reversible process equation可逆

32、體積功reversible volume work可逆相變reversible phase change克拉佩龍方程Clapeyron equation克勞修斯不等式Clausius inequality克勞修斯克拉佩龍方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步驟control step庫侖計coulometer擴散控制diffusion controlled拉普拉斯方程Laplaces equation拉烏爾定律Raoult law蘭格繆爾欣謝爾伍德機理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism蘭格繆爾吸附等溫式Langmuir adsorption

33、isotherm formula雷利公式Rayleigh equation冷凍系數coefficient of refrigeration冷卻曲線cooling curve離解熱heat of dissociation離解壓力dissociation pressure離域子系統non-localized particle systems離子的標準摩爾生成焓standard molar formation of ion離子的電遷移率mobility of ions離子的遷移數transport number of ions離子獨立運動定律law of the independent migrat

34、ion of ions離子氛ionic atmosphere離子強度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture理想氣體ideal gas理想氣體的絕熱指數adiabatic index of ideal gases理想氣體的微觀模型micro-model of ideal gas理想氣體反應的等溫方程isothermal equation of ideal gaseous reactions理想氣體絕熱可逆過程方程adiabatic reversible process equation of ideal gases理想氣體狀態方程state equation of

35、ideal gas理想稀溶液ideal dilute solution理想液態混合物perfect liquid mixture粒子particles粒子的配分函數partition function of particles連串反應consecutive reactions鏈的傳遞物chain carrier鏈反應chain reactions量熱熵calorimetric entropy量子統計quantum statistics量子效率quantum yield臨界參數critical parameter臨界常數critical constant臨界點critical point臨界膠束

36、濃度critical micelle concentration臨界摩爾體積critical molar volume臨界溫度critical temperature臨界壓力critical pressure臨界狀態critical state零級反應zero order reaction流動電勢streaming potential流動功flow work籠罩效應cage effect路易斯蘭德爾逸度規則Lewis-Randall rule of fugacity露點dew point露點線dew point line麥克斯韋關系式Maxwell relations麥克斯韋速率分布Maxwe

37、ll distribution of speeds麥克斯韋能量分布MaxwelIdistribution of energy毛細管凝結condensation in capillary毛細現象capillaryphenomena米凱利斯常數Michaelis constant摩爾電導率molar conductivity摩爾反應焓molar reaction enthalpy摩爾混合熵mole entropy of mixing摩爾氣體常數molar gas constant摩爾熱容molar heat capacity摩爾溶解焓mole dissolution enthalpy摩爾稀釋焓mo

38、le dilution enthalpy內擴散控制internal diffusions control內能internal energy內壓力internal pressure能級energy levels能級分布energy level distribution能量均分原理 principle of the equipartition of energy能斯特方程Nernst equation能斯特熱定理Nernst heat theorem凝固點freezing point凝固點降低lowering of freezing point凝固點曲線freezing point curve凝膠

39、gelatin凝聚態condensed state凝聚相condensed phase濃差超電勢concentration over-potential濃差極化concentration polarization濃差電池concentration cells帕斯卡pascal泡點bubble point泡點線bubble point line配分函數partition function配分函數的析因子性質property that partition function to be expressed as a productof the separate partition functions

40、 for each kind of state碰撞截面collision cross section碰撞數the number of collisions偏摩爾量partial mole quantities平衡常數（理想氣體反應）equilibrium constants for reactions of ideal gases平動配分函數partition function of translation平衡分布equilibrium distribution平衡態equilibrium state平衡態近似法equilibrium state approximation平衡狀態圖equil

41、ibrium state diagram平均活度mean activity平均活度系統mean activity coefficient平均摩爾熱容mean molar heat capacity平均質量摩爾濃度mean mass molarity平均自由程mean free path平行反應parallel reactions破乳demulsificationfoundamental equation of kinetic theory of gasesheat of vaporization aerosolthe other work鋪展spreading普遍化范德華方程universal

42、 van der Waals equation其它功氣化熱氣溶膠氣體常數gas constant氣體分子運動論kinetic theory of gases氣體分子運動論的基本方程氣溶膠aerosol氣相線vapor line遷移數transport number潛熱latent heat強度量intensive quantity強度性質intensive property親液溶膠hydrophilic sol氫電極hydrogen electrodes區域熔化zone melting熱heat熱爆炸heat explosion熱泵heat pump熱功當量mechanical equival

43、ent of heat熱函heat content熱化學thermochemistry熱化學方程thermochemical equation熱機heat engine熱機效率efficiency of heat engine熱力學thermodynamics熱力學第二定律the second law of thermodynamics熱力學第三定律the third law of thermodynamics熱力學第一定律the first law of thermodynamics熱力學基本方程fundamental equation of thermodynamics熱力學幾率therm

44、odynamic probability熱力學能thermodynamic energy熱力學特性函數characteristic thermodynamic function熱力學溫標thermodynamic scale of temperature熱力學溫度thermodynamic temperature熱熵thermal entropy熱效應heat effect熔點曲線melting point curve熔化熱heat of fusion溶膠colloidal sol溶解焓dissolution enthalpy溶液solution溶脹swelling乳化劑emulsifier乳

45、狀液emulsion潤濕wetting潤濕角wetting angle薩克爾泰特洛德方程Sackur-Tetrode equation三相點triple point三相平衡線triple-phase line熵entropy熵判據entropy criterion熵增原理principle of entropy increase滲透壓osmotic pressure滲析法dialytic process生成反應formation reaction升華熱heat of sublimation實際氣體real gas舒爾采哈迪規則Schulze-Hardy rule松馳力relaxation fo

46、rce松馳時間time of relaxation速度常數reaction rate constant速率方程rate equations速率控制步驟rate determining step塔費爾公式Tafel equation態態反應state-state reactions唐南平衡Donnan equilibrium淌度mobility特魯頓規則Trouton rule特性粘度intrinsic viscosity體積功volume work統計權重statistical weight統計熱力學statistic thermodynamics統計熵statistic entropy途徑p

47、ath途徑函數path function外擴散控制external diffusion control完美晶體perfect crystalline完全氣體perfect gas微觀狀態microstate微態microstate韋斯頓標準電池Weston standard battery維恩效應Wien effect維里方程virial equation維里系數virial coefficient穩流過程steady flow process穩態近似法stationary state approximation無熱溶液athermal solution無限稀溶液solutions in th

48、e limit of extreme dilution物理化學Physical Chemistry物理吸附physisorptions吸附adsorption吸附等量線adsorption isostere吸附等溫線adsorption isotherm吸附等壓線adsorption isobar吸附劑adsorbent吸附量extent of adsorption吸附熱heat of adsorption吸附質adsorbate析出電勢evolution or deposition potential析因子性質propertythatpartitionfunctiontobeexpresse

49、das a productoftheseparate partition functions for each kind of state稀溶液的依數性colligative properties of dilute solutions稀釋焓dilution enthalpy系統system系統點system point系統的環境environment of system相phase相變phase change相變焓enthalpy of phase change相變化phase change相變熱heat of phase change相點phase point相對揮發度relative volatility相對粘度relative viscosity相律phase rule相平衡熱容heat capacity in phase equilibrium相圖phase diagram相倚子系統system of dependent particles懸浮液suspension循環過程cyclic pr