二〇一四學年度第二學期高三英語摸底考試第2頁共10頁二〇一六學年度第二學期高三英語高考模擬考試第頁二〇一四學年度第二學期高三英語摸底考試第頁共頁格致中學班級____________姓名________________學號班級____________姓名________________學號____________準考證號______________高三年級英語試卷（共10頁）(測試120分鐘內完成，總分140分，試后交答題卡和答卷紙)友情提示：昨天，你既然經歷了艱苦的學習，今天，你必將贏得可喜的收獲！祝你：誠實守信，沉著冷靜，細致踏實，自信自強，去迎接勝利！第I卷I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA ShortconversationDirections: InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.$30B.$10. C.$27. D.$202.A.Twopassengersonthebus. B.Policemananddriver.C.Hotelreceptionistandtraveler. D.Passengerandtaxidriver.3.A.Hehasgraduatedforyears.B.Hefailedinthegraduationexam.C.Heisworriedabouttheresultoftheexam.D.Heisnotwell-preparedfortheexam.4.A.Fromajewelrystore B.Fromacallbox.C.Fromasupermarket. D.Fromachangemachine.5.A.Tonymadeawisedecision. B.Tonyshouldn’tgiveupeasily.C.Tonycanchangetheclasstime D.Tonycanfindabetterreason6.A.Atanairport.. B.Atapolicestation.C.Atahotel. D.Atabank.7.A.Sunny. B.Windy.C.Foggy. D.Rainy.8.A.Ithasfailed. B.Itwillsoonbefinished.C.Itisongoing. D.Itwasstoppedhalfway.9.A.Tom’sbosshasatwinbrother.B.Tomdidn’tknowwherehisbosswas.C.ThepersoninblackshirtisTom’sboss.D.ThepersoninblacklookslikeTom’sboss.10.A.Someunregisteredstudentsareintheclass.B.Theprofessorpreparedlessthan38copies.C.Thestudentsatthebackwerelateforclass.D.Afewstudentsforgottobringtheirassignment.SectionB Directions: InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshortpassage(s),andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation(s)andthepassage(s).Theconversation(s)andthepassage(s)willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.70000tons.B.2,000,000tons.C.2,030tons.D.Notmentioned.12.A.Mostfarmerswereinfectedwithdiseases.B.CocoafarmerslackprofessionaltrainingC.Theglobalconsumptionisincreasingeveryyear.D.Cocoatreesare-growingmoreslowlybecauseoftheweather.13.A.TheworldwillprobablyberunningoutofchocolateB.Cocoafarmersarelookingforotherjobs.C.Eatingtoomuchchocolateisnotgoodforhealth.D.Asianpeopleareeatingmoreandmorechocolate.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14A.Totellthepurpose oflearninghistory.B.ToexplainthehistoryofeducationC.Tocriticizestudents'historystudyhabitsD.Topresentanewapproachtohistoryeducation.15.A:Byaskingquestionsaboutthefuture.B.Bystudyinginthetraditionalmethod.C.Bylookingforanswerstopresent-dayproblems.D.Bymemorizinghistoricfacts.16.A.Predictthefuture.B.Memorizedetails.C.Raisecriticalquestions.D.Demonstratethelinkbetweenpastandfuture.Questions17through18arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.AFilmswithmuchfightingandkilling.B.Filmsaboutthelifeofwildanimals.C.Filmswhichareclosetoreallife.D.Filmswithahappyending18.At7:30p.m.B.At7:40p.m. C.At3:30p.m.D.At6:15p.m.Questions19through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.19.A.Findhersuitableequipmentandteachhertechniques.B.Designtoughandchallengingworkoutplan.C.Assignherexercisestodoathome.D.Haveherthoroughlyexamined.20.A.Trainherselfalldaylong. B.Tryanotherfitnesscenter.C.Haveatryforonemonth. D.ChangeherfitnessgoalII.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Thetwenty-fourhorsesdasharoundaracetrack.Thethunderoftheirhooves(蹄)ringsintheriders’ears,nearly21(drown)outthecheeringofthecrowd.Afterthreeorfourminutesofsuspense,onehorsecrossesthefinishlinefirst,winningtheMelbourneCupandearningaplaceinhistory.ThehorsesthatcompeteintheMelbourneCup—oneoftheworld’smostfamoushorseraces—werefatedtorace.22(breed)forspeed,thesehorsesarethefew23weresingledoutashavingpotentialtobecomechampions.Preparingaracehorsetocompeterequiresateam.Ahorse’sownermanagestheteamanddecideswhichracestoenter.Atrainerdeterminestheracehorse’sdietandexercise.Regularexercisemakesahorse24(likely)tobeinjured,butovertrainingtiresthehorse.Agroomer(動物美容師)caresfortheracehorseandreportsanyproblemshediscoverstothetrainer.Andofcourse,nohorseracecould25(run)withoutarider.Theseriderstrainforlonghoursandtravelconstantlyfromoneracetoanother.Theyneedtomakeastrategy,adapt26tochangingconditionsandcommunicatewiththeirhorsetoguideittovictory.Australia’smostfamoushorserace,theMelbourneCup,is3,200metersofpureexcitement.Eachyear300or400horsesarenominated(提名),butonly24canrun.Thecompetitorsarechosenintermsofanumberoffactors,butwinnersofcertainracesqualifyautomatically.Eachracehorsereceivesahandicap—acertainweightitmustcarrytogiveeachhorseanequalchanceofwinning—twomonthsbeforetherace.Originally,horsesthatseemedlikelytowinwereassignedlargerhandicaps.Buttheruleshavechanged,reducingthehandicapforpreviouswinners.ThefirstMelbourneCupin1861drewacrowdof4,000spectatorsandtherace’spopularity27(grow)eversince.HeldonthefirstTuesdayofNovember,thecuphasbecomeafour-dayfestivalwithfinefoodandentertainment.TheMelbourneCupbeganduringagoldrush28aformofentertainmentfortherich.Todayitstillattractssociety’supperclasswiththeimplication29whoevercomesisamanofdistinction.Theycomedressedintheirfinesttoenjoytheeventincomfort.30nobleanddistinctthehorseracelooks,it’sallabouttherace—theeffortofhorsesandriders,thesuspenseandthethrillofvictory.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.disturbingB.accustomedC.depositsD.prospectsE.inheritedF.overcomeG.vaguelyH.betteringI.flexibleJ.dramaticallyK.industryFormorethanthreecenturies,theAmericancoloniesandlater,theUnitedStateshavebeenaplaceformany“have-nots”tomakethe“AmericanDream”cometrueforthemselvesandtobecome“haves.”Andtheoptimismthatpeoplehave,knowingthatthismiraclewillalwayshappenhasgrownoutofsomekeyelementsinthehistoryofthenation,anationthathasdiffered31fromeveryothercountryintheworld.Theeconomic32ofthenationarealsoverymuchtiedtothesesuccessstories.Threecharacteristicshavecontributedtosuchattainments.First,theUnitedStateshadnaturalresourcesundreamedofinotherpartsoftheworld.Forfarmersandrancherstherewasland,oftentobehadcheaplyorevenforfree.Therewereendlessforeststosupplylumberandrich33ofcoal,oil,silver,copperandgold.Besides,criticaltothedevelopmentoftheseresourceswasapopulationofbothnative-bornAmericansandimmigrantswhowereconnectedbytheircommonworkethic.Thisethicheldthat34andthriftshouldberewardedwithasBenjaminFranklinsays“aStateofAffluence(富足)andsomeDegreeofReputationintheWorld.”TheseAmericansbelievedinselfimprovementaswellasinthenobilityofallkindsofwork.Theyalso,ifsomewhat35,oftenlinkedmaterialsuccesswithspiritualmovement.Next,byandlarge,Americawascharacterizedbya36classstructure.IncontrasttoEnglandandotherEuropeancountrieswiththeirhistoryofaristocrats(貴族),thiscountrywasfilledbynumerouscommunitiesinwhichfamilyconnectionsor37moneycountedforlittle.However,thepursuitofAmericanDreamsometimesalsosometimesprovedtobeasourceoftensionandstrain.Atthebeginningofthe20thcentury,writerslikeJackLondonandF.ScottFitzgeralddepictedalotof“have-not”characterswhosefateisnotamatteroffreewill.Theyare38byforcesbeyondtheircontrol.Often,intheirworks,childrenoryoungpeoplearevictimizedbypovertythatpreventsthemfrom39themselves.Convincedthataperson’sdestinyistheresultofhisorherheredityinteractingwiththeenvironment,theyemploymany40detailstoexploretheoppressiveworldinwhichtheircharactersaretrapped.Analyzingcharacters’assumptionsandvaluescontinuedtoilluminatetheAmericanexperience.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Organizedvolunteeringandworkexperiencehaslongbeenavitalcompaniontouniversitydegreecourses.Usuallyitisleftto__41__tojudgethepotentialfromalistofextracurricularadventuresonagraduate’sresume,butnowtheuniversityofBristolhassetupanawardtoformalizetheachievementsofstudentswho__42__timetoactivitiesoutsidetheircourses.BristolPLuSaimstobooststudentsinanincreasinglycompetitivejobmarketbyhelpingthemacquireworkandlifeskillsalongside__43__qualifications.“Ourstudentsareaprettyactivebunch,butwefoundthattheydidn’t__44__appreciatethevalueofwhattheydidoutsidethelecturehall,”saysJeffGoodman,directorofcareersandemployabilityattheuniversity.“Employersaremuchmore__45__thantheyusedtobe.Theyusedtolookfor__46__employeesandsawitaspartoftheirjobtoextractthevalueofanapplicant’sskills.Nowtheywantstudentstobeabletoexplainwhythoseskillsare__47__tothejob.”Studentswho__48__theawardwillbeexpectedtocomplete50hoursofworkexperienceorvoluntarywork,attendfourworkshopsonemploy-abilityskills,takepartinanintensiveskills-relatedactivityand,crucially,writeasummaryoftheskillstheyhavegained.__49__effortswillgainanOutstandingAchievementAward.Thosewho__50__bestonthesportsfieldcantaketheSportingPLuSAwardwhichfostersemployer-friendlysportsaccomplishments.Theexperiencedoesnothavetobe__51__organized.“We’renotjustinterestedineasilyidentifiableskills,”saysGoodman.“__52__,onestudenttooktheleadindealingwithadifficultlandlordandso__53__negotiationskills.Wetrytomaketheexperiencerelevanttoindividuallives.”Goodmanhopestheschemewill__54__activestudentstofillinanygapsintheirexperienceandencouragetheirless-activepeersto__55__activitiesoutsidetheiracademicareaofwork.41.A.advisorsB.specialistsC.criticsD.employers42.A.spendB.devoteC.consumeD.stimulate43.A.artisticB.technicalC.academicD.interactive44.A.dominantlyB.earnestlyC.necessarilyD.gracefully45.A.generousB.considerateC.enlighteningD.demanding46.A.originB.initialC.popularityD.potential47.A.relevantB.responsiveC.reluctantD.respective48.A.applyforB.makeupC.signupforD.lookover49.A.OccasionalB.ExceptionalC.InformativeD.Relative50.A.performB.conveyC.circulateD.formulate51.A.roughlyB.randomlyC.formallyD.fortunately52.A.ForinstanceB.InessenceC.IncontrastD.Ofcourse53.A.demonstratedB.determinedC.operatedD.involved54.A.makeB.enforceC.enableD.promote55.A.actinB.makeoutC.turnupD.takeupSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AIfyou'reamaleandyou'rereadingthis,congratulations:you'reasurvivor.Accordingtostatistics,youaremorethantwiceaslikelytodieofskincancerasawoman,andninetimesmorelikelytodieofAIDS.Assumingyoumakeittotheendofyournaturalterm,about78yearsformeninAustralia,you'lldieonaveragefiveyearsbeforeawoman.Therearemanyreasonsforthis—typically,mentakemorerisksthanwomenandaremorelikelytodrinkandsmoke—butperhapsmoreimportantly,mendon'tgotothedoctor."Menaren'tseeingdoctorsasoftenastheyshould,"saysDr.Gullotta."Thisisparticularlysofortheover-40s,whendiseasetendtostrike."Gullottasaysahealthymanshouldvisitthedoctoreveryyearortwo.Forthoseover45,itshouldbeatleastonceayear.TwomonthsagoGullottasawa50-year-oldmanwhohaddelayeddoinganythingabouthissmoker'scoughforayear."WhenIfinallysawhimithadalreadyspreadandhehassincediedfromlungcancer,"hesays."Earlierdetectionandtreatmentmaynothavecuredhim,butitwouldhaveprolongedhislife."Accordingtoarecentsurvey,95%ofwomenagedbetween15andearly40sseeadoctoronceayear,comparedto70%ofmeninthesameagegroup."Alotofmenthinkthey'reundefeatable,"Gullotasays."Theyonlycomeinwhenafrienddropsdeadonthegolfcourseandtheythink,‘Geez,ifitcouldhappentohim,…’"Thenthere'stheostrichapproach."Somemenarescaredofwhatmightbethereandwouldrathernotknow,"saysDr.RossCartmill."Mostmengettheircarsservicedmoreregularlythantheyservicetheirbodies,"Cartmillsays.Hebelievesmostdiseasesthatcommonlyaffectmencouldbeaddressedbypreventivecheck-ups.Regularcheck-upsformenwouldinevitablyplacestrainonthepublicpurse,Cartmillsays."Butpreventionischeaperinthelongrunthanhavingtotreatthediseases.Besides,theultimatecostisfargreater:itiscalledprematuredeath."56.Whydoestheauthorcongratulatehismalereadersatthebeginningofthepassage？A.Theyaremorelikelytosurviveseriousdiseasestoday.B.Theiraveragelifespanhasbeenconsiderablyextended.C.Theyhavelivedlongenoughtoreadthisarticle.D.Theyaresuretoenjoyalongerandhappierlife.57.Whichofthefollowingbestcompletestheunderlinedsentence"Geez,ifitcouldhappentohim,…"？A.itcouldhappentome,tooB.IshouldavoidplayinggolfC.IshouldconsidermyselfluckyD.itwouldbeabigmisfortune58.WhatdoesDr.RossCartmillmeanby“theostrichapproach”？(Line1,Para.9))A.Acasualattitudetowardsone’shealthconditions.B.Anewtherapyforcertainpsychologicalproblems.C.Refusaltogetmedicaltreatmentforfearofthepaininvolved.D.Unwillingnesstofindoutaboutone’sdiseasebecauseoffear.59.WhatdoesCartmillsayaboutregularcheck-upsformen？A.Theymayincreasepublicexpenses.B.Theywillsavemoneyinthelongrun.C.Theymaycausepsychologicalstrainsonmen.D.Theywillenablementoliveaslongaswomen.BReadthereviewspostedonaWebsiteandanswerthefollowingquestions.Sammy:Georgehasoutdonehimselfonceagain.Thismanisagenius!I’mdisgustedwithsomeofthereviewsI’veread.Thisalbumhasajazzyfeelwhichisadelighttotheears—everytrackisawinnerinitsownuniqueway.Tony:WhatcanIsay?IreadaterriblereviewintheLosAngelesTimes,whichsaidthiswasn’tuptoGeorge’susualstandards,andIdidn’tbelieveawordofit.I’msorrytosaythattheywereright!AlthoughIenjoyedmostofthetracks,thisisdefinitelyGeorge’sweakestalbumsofar.Thisboyisdefinitelynevergonnadanceagainifhekeepsonlikethis!Angela:BoughtthenewGMalbumyesterdayandhavetosayI’mverydisappointed.I’vebeenafanforalongtimeandthatwon’tchange,butI’mtakingthisCDbacktothestorerightnow.Please,returntoformnexttime,George!Ben:Likealotofpeople,Iwasn’tsurewhattoexpectwiththisnewalbum,but,unlikealotofpeople,Iloveit!Idon’tunderstandwhypeoplecomplainit’snotlikehisearlierstuff.Whywouldwewantittobe?Surelywewanttoseesomedevelopmenteachtime.Someofthesetracksarejustfantastic.Go,George!Sean:ApparentlyGM’snotproducedanythingforsixyearsandthisiswhathecomesupwith.Iwasexpectingsomethingmoremature,butthisisheavyintheextreme.Lightenup,George,andskipthejazzystuff.DoraI’mimpressedwiththevariety.Everytrackisdifferent,butthealbumhangstogetherasawhole.Iwishthereweremorevocals,butotherwisethisisonesatisfiedcustomer.

60.Whatarethereviewsabout?A.Anewstar.B.Anewspaper.C.Anewsong.D.Anewalbum.61.________givea“like”inthisposts.A.SammyandTonyB.AngelaandSeanC.SammyandDoraD.TonyandSean62.WhatcanbelearnedfromBen’spost?A.Hedoesn’tlikeGeorge’snewstuff.B.Hedidn’texpectGeorgetochange.C.Georgehaskepttohisoldstyle.D.Georgehasdisappointedsomeofhisfans.CEducatorsareseriouslyconcernedaboutthehighrateofdropouts(輟學生)amongthedoctorofphilosophycandidatesandtheconsequentlossoftalenttoanationinneedofPhDs.Somehaveplacedthedropoutlossashighas50percent.Theextentofthelosswas,however,largelyamatterofexpertguessing.Lastweekawell-roundedstudywaspublished.Itwasbasedon22,000questionnairessenttoformergraduatestudentswhowereenrolledin24universitiesanditseemedtoshowmanypastfearstobegroundless.Thedropoutratewasfoundtobe31percentandinmostcasesthedropouts,whilenotcompletingthePhDrequirement,wentontoproductivework.Theyarenotonlydoingwellfinancially,but,accordingtothereport,arenotfarbelowtheincomelevelsofthosewhowentontocompletetheirdoctorates(博士學位).Discussingthestudylastweek,Dr.Tuckersaidtheprojectwasinitiated“becauseoftheconcernfrequentlyexpressedbygraduatefacultiesandadministratorsthatsomeoftheindividualswhodroppedoutofPhDprogramswerecapableofcompletingtherequirementforthedegree.ThedecreaseinthenumberofgraduatestudentsatthePhDlevelisalsothoughttobeawasteofpreciousfacultytimeandadrainonuniversityresourcesalreadybeingusedtocapacity.SomepeopleexpressedtheopinionthattheshortageofhighlytrainedspecialistsandcollegeteacherscouldbereducedbypersuadingthedropoutstoreturntograduateschoolstocompletethePhD.”“Theresultsofourresearch,”Dr.Tuckerconcluded,“didnotsupporttheiropinion”Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheirdecision,butthosewhomentionedacademicreasoncitedfailuretopassthequalifyingexamination,uncompletedresearchandfailuretopasslanguageexams.Amongthesinglemostimportantpersonalreasonsidentifiedbydropoutsfornon-completionoftheirPhDprogram,lackoffinanceswasmarkedby19percent.Asanindicationofhowwellthedropoutsweredoing,achartshowed2%inhumanitieswerereceiving$20,000andmoreannuallywhilenoneofthePhDswiththebackgroundreachedthisfigure.ThePhDsshoneinthe$7,500to$15,000bracketwith78%atthatlevelagainst50%forthedropouts.Thismayalsobeanindicationofthefactthattopsalariesintheacademicfields,wherePhDstendtorisetothehighestsalaries,arestilllagging（落后）behindotherfields.Astothepossibilityofgettingdropoutsbackoncampus,theoutlookwasdisappointing.Themainconditionwhichwouldhavetoprevailforatleast25%ofthedropoutswhomightconsiderreturningtograduateschoolwouldbetoguaranteethattheywouldretaintheirpresentlevelofincomeandinsomecasestheirpresentjobs.63.Theauthorstatesinthearticlethatmanyeducatorsfeelthat_______________.A.thePhDholderisgenerallyamorecapablepersonthanadropoutB.thehighPhDdropoutrateislargelyduetothelackofteachingfacultyC.acountrywillsufferfromitsPhDdropoutrateashighas50percentD.thedropoutsshouldreturntoalowerqualityschooltocontinuetheirstudy64.Meetingforeignlanguagerequirementsforthedoctoralstudents_______________.A.isthemostfrequentreasonfordroppingoutB.ismucheasierforthehumanitiescandidatesC.isanessentialpartofmanyPhDprogramsD.doesnotvaryindifficultyamonguniversities65.ItcanbeinferredthatthehighrateofthePhDdropoutslargelyliesin____________.A.toolowsalariesforPhDs B.lackoffinancialsupportC.toohighacademicrequirements D.adequatejobappealsfordropouts66.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Aboutone-thirdPhDcandidatesdonotcompletetheworktoearnthedegree.B.SomePhDdropoutsenjoysatisfyinggoodsalariesandcareerprogression.C.PhDsarenotearningwhattheyactuallydeserveinnonacademicfields.D.OptimismdominatesregardinggettingPhDdropoutstoreturntoschool.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A. Ihavedonehousesittingmanytimes.B. Thousandsofpeopledothisallthetime.C. Itisalsopossibletodohousesittinginothercountries.D. Youmusttakealittlecareoverwhatyourdescriptionsaysaboutyou.E. Thisisaninternationalhousesittingserviceforallcityandcountryareas.F. Youmusthaveagoodcar,soyoucantraveltodifferentpartsofthecountry.HouseSittingInmanycountriesoftheworldpeopledowhatiscalledhousesitting.Itmeansthatifownersofthehousearegoingaway,theywantsomeonetocomeintotheirhomeandlookafterthehouseandmaybepetswhiletheyareaway.InAustralia,manypeopletravel.Afterpeopleretire,theymightbuyavanandtravelalloverthecountry.____67____Soiftheownerswanttotravelorgoawayforsomereason,theymightwantsomeoneintheirhometocareforitandkeepthegardenstidy.Housesittersmighthavetocareforpets.Also,quiteafewpeoplehaveswimmingpoolsintheirbackyardandtheyneedcleaning.____68____Ifeelitisagreatwayofseeingthecountry,becauseyougoandstayinanewcity,gettomeetnewpeople,andhavetimetogosightseeinginanewarea.Generallyyouhavemanyopportunitiestogetahousesittingjob.Therearewebsiteswhereyoufindtheadvertisementsbypeoplewhowanttotravel,andbyreplyingtotheadvertisement,youcanmakearrangementstogoandlookaftertheirhome.Therearesomerequirementstobeahousesitter.Youmustbeatrustedperson,sothatthehomeownerknowsyouwillnotstealanything.Youmustbeabletogowhenthehouseownerwantsyoutogo,soyouneedlotsoffreetime.____69____Youneedtobegoodwithpets,abletocareforcatsanddogs,orotherpetstheymayhave.Somehousesittingjobsarejustforafewdaysoracoupleofweekswhilethehouseownershaveashortholiday.Sometimesitisformuchlonger.Wehavehadonehousesitterforsixmonths,whilethehomeownerstravelledtoEurope.____70____Thenyoucantraveltomanydifferentcountriesandstaythere.Oneofthemostimportantthingstogetisreferencefromthehomeownerswhereyouhavestayed.Areferenceisawrittenlettertosaythatyouaretrustworthyandhavelookedaftertheirhomewell.Youcanshowtheseletterstoprospectivehousesittingjobsandtheyknowyouwilldoagoodjob.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Encouragementandpraisecancomeinmanyforms，andsomewaysarebetterforchilddevelopmentthanothers.ResearchersattheUniversityofChicagoandStanfordUniversitywhostudiedmother-childinteractionsoverthecourseofseveralyearsfoundthatthetypeofpraisechildrenreceiveaffectstheirattitudestowardchallengeslaterinlife.Specifically,praisecomingwithfeedbackabouttheirbehaviorandthechoicesthattoddlersmadehelpedthemtocopebetterwithdifficultexperiencesfiveyearslater,comparedwithcomplimentsthatfocusedmoreonthechildhimself,like“You’reagoodboy.”ElizabethGunderson,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyatTempleUniversitysays,“Praisingtheeffortsandactionsofthekidisgoingtobemorebeneficialintheirlong-termpersistenceanddesiretobechallengedandworkhardinthefuture.”Such“processpraise”includescommentssuchas“Youworkedreallyhard”,whichemphasizethechild’sactions.“Personpraise”includescommentslike“You’resmart”,whichfocusonachild’sinherentqualities.Thesedistinctionsaren’tnewinthefieldofpsychology,butexactlyhowtheyaffectchildren’sdevelopmenthasn’tbeenclear.Aspartofthestudy,researchersvisitedthehomesofmorethan50toddlersbetweentheageof1and3yearsold,andfilmedtheirdailyinteractionswiththeirparentsduringmultiple90-minutesessions.Fiveyearslater,theresearchersfollowedupwiththefamilies,measuringthechildren’sattitudestowardchallengesandproblemsolving.Thechildrenwhogrewupwithmoreprocesspraiseweremoreopentochallenge,andwereabletoidentifymorewaysofovercomingdifficultproblems.Theywerealsomorelikelytosaytheycouldimproveintelligencewithhardwork.Whilepersonpraisedidn’tseemtohaveanynegativeeffectonthechildren,thestudysuggeststhatprocesspraiseteacheschildrenthattheirtalentsandabilitiescanbedevelopedandimproved,whilepersonpraisesendsthemessagethattheirabilitiesarefixedandthereforenoteasilyaltered.V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.他去年寫的小說賣得很好，使得他一夜成名。（sell）73.新的考試模式是否可行或有益于學生的發展有待考證。（remain）74.在人們日常生活中起著如此重要的作用，沒有人敢不帶去旅行。（Such）75.無論我們在何處，都要牢記：生命中最重要的并不是功成名就而是家人的幸福和陪伴。（matter）VI.GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositioninover120wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假如你是王平，最近你校同學舉行了某英文報組織的討論，其中一個話題