1、UNIT 5LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLDSection Listening and Speaking，Reading and Thinking課前自主預習課內要點探究隨堂達標驗收夯基提能作業課前自主預習重點單詞1_n.十億 _n.百萬 _n.千 _n.百2_adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的n本地人3_n.態度；看法4_vi.提到；參考；查閱vt.查詢；叫求助于 _n.言及；提及；參考；查閱billionmillionthousandhundrednativeattitudereferreference5_n.體系；制度；系統6_ prep.即使；盡管7_n.因素；要素8

2、_adj.以(某事)為基礎的；以為重要部分(或特征)的 _vt.以為據點；以為基礎n底部；根據 _adj.基本的；基礎的9_n.骨頭；骨(質)10_n.符號；象征11_vt.& vi.雕刻systemdespitefactorbasedbasebasicbonesymbolcarve12_n.王朝；朝代13_n.(植物、語言等的)變體；異體；多樣化 _ adj.不同的；各種各樣的 _vt.& vi.使不同；變化14_adj.主要的；重要的；大的n主修課程；主修學生vi.主修；專門研究 _n.大多數；大半 _n.少數dynastyvarietyvariousvarymajormajoritymi

3、nority15_n.方式；方法；途徑16_adj.傳統的；最優秀的；典型的n經典作品；名著17_n.尊重；關注vt.把視為；看待18_n.文字；符號；角色；品質；特點 _n.特征；特性19_adj.全球的；全世界的 _n.球體；地球儀；地球meansclassicregardcharactercharacteristicglobalglobe20_n.公共事物；事件；關系21_vt.欣賞；重視；感激；領會vi.增值 _n.欣賞；感激；感謝22_adj.特定的；明確的；具體的affairappreciateappreciationspecific重點短語1refer _指的是；描述；提到；查閱

4、2be known _.因而聞名3ups _ downs浮沉；興衰；榮辱4_ the beginning起初5date back _追溯到6lead _導致toforandattoto7be _ importance重要的8_ matter where/who/what.不論在哪/誰/什么；不管9be connected_.與有聯系/關聯10see._.把看作11play a role _.在中扮演角色；在中起作用12_ number of許多；大量ofnowithasina重點句型1Over the years，the system developed into different form

5、s, as it was _ people were divided geographically，_ to many varieties of dialects and characters.隨著時間的推移，這個系統發展成了不同的形式，因為它是一個中國人口在地理區域上被分隔開的時期，導致了許多不同種類的方言和文字。a time whenleading2That writing system was _ in uniting the Chinese people and culture.該書寫體系對于統一中國人民和中國文化都具有極大的重要性。3Even today，_ Chinese peop

6、le live or _ dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不論住在哪里，也不論說何種方言，中國人仍能通過書寫(文字)進行交流。of great importanceno matter wherewhat4_ China _ greater _ global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through th

7、is amazing language.隨著中國在全球事務中扮演著更為重要的角色，越來越多的國際學生開始通過漢語這一奇妙的語言了解和欣賞中國的文化和歷史。Asplays arole in課文預讀Read the text (P62) and choose the best answers.1What does the text mainly tell us？_AThe development of the Chinese writing system.BThe effect of the Chinese writing system.CThe important role of the Chi

8、nese writing system.DThe development and effect of the Chinese writing system.D2What do you think is one of the main factors that has helped the Chinese language and culture survive？_AThe Chinese writing system.BChinese wisdom.CHard work of the Chinese.DThe Chinese spoken language.A3What is the main

9、 idea of Paragraph 2？_AHow did people carve symbols on bones and shells?BWhat did the symbols on bones and shells mean?CWhen did the picturebased language begin?DA picturebased language, the earliest written Chinese.D4Why did the Chinese writing system begin to develop in one direction？_APeople want

10、ed to live in peace.BEmperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country.CPeople were willing to communicate in a language.DPeople were divided geographically.B5How do foreigners appreciate Chinas culture and history？_AThrough classic works.BThrough music.CThrough the Chinese

11、language.DThrough a picturebased language.C課內要點探究China is our native country，and Chinese is our native language.中國是我們的祖國，漢語是我們的母語。The tiger is native to India.這種老虎產于印度。He is a native of Beijing.他是北京人。重 點 單 詞1native adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的n本地人be native to原產于ones native country/land/language某人的祖國/故鄉/母語be a n

12、ative of.的人；原產于的動物或植物單句語法填空You can always tell the difference between the tourists and the _ (native)Is her uncle a native _ Shanghai or just a visitor?The researcher says the tiger is native _ India.nativesoftoIts not his work that bothers me；its his attitude.困擾我的不是他的工作，而是他的態度。Whats your attitude t

13、o this plan?對于這個計劃，你有什么看法？We must take a serious attitude toward(s) our work.我們必須嚴肅對待自己的工作。2attitude n態度；看法attitude to/towards sb./sth.對某人/某事的態度have/take a positive attitude to/towards.對持積極態度單句語法填空The writers attitude _ online learning is positive.His attitude to _(play) computer games surprised me.

14、完成句子It is important _.對生活采取積極的態度很重要。to/towardsplayingto have a positive attitude to/towards lifeThey decided to base the new company in Xiongan，Hebei Province.他們決定將新成立的公司總部設在河北雄安。The businessman bases his hopes on the good news he had yesterday.那位商人把希望寄托在他昨天得到的好消息上。3base vt.以為據點；以為基礎n底部；根據This book

15、is based on a true story.這本書講的是一個真實的故事。He held up a wine glass with a heavy base and said that his arguments had a sound base.他舉起一個厚底的酒杯，說他的立論是有充分根據的。base.in.把安置在(某地)base sth.on/upon sth.以某事物為另一事物的根據、證據等based adj.以(某事)為基礎的；以為重要部分(或特指)的be based on/upon以為根據單句語法填空The new organization will be based _ Pa

16、ris.His new storybook _(base) on what happened in the school two years ago sells well.inbasedIt was based more _ German than the English we speak at present.根據句意用適當的單詞填空There is a door at the _ of the tower, which is said to be the _ of the army.在那座塔的底部有一扇門，據說那是這支部隊的根據地。onbasebaseWe all need variety

17、 in our diet.我們都需要飲食多樣化。A great variety of flowers were on show in the street on the National Day.國慶節那天街上展出了各種各樣的花。There are numerous varieties of peonies.牡丹有許多品種。4variety n(植物、語言等的)變體；異體；多樣化a variety ofvarieties of各種各樣的various adj.不同的；各種各樣的for various reasons由于種種原因vary vt.& vi.改變；變化vary from.to.從到不

18、等vary between.and.在和之間變動單句語法填空These bags are made of a variety _ materials that can be easily treated when they become rubbish.It is a pity that some people cant go back home at the Spring Festival for a _(various) of reasons.The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages _ (various) from 10

19、 to 15.ofvarietyvaryHe is a major writer.他是位大作家。Do you know what the major cause of the strike is?你知道這次罷工的主要原因嗎？5major adj.主要的；重要的；大的n主修課程；主修學生vi.主修；專門研究His major is French.他的主修科目是法語。Mary is majoring in French at Stanford.瑪麗正在斯坦福專攻法語。major in.主修；以為專業majority n大多數；大半in the/a majority占多數the majority o

20、f.大多數.minority n少數；少數民族；未成年in the/a minority占少數單句語法填空He majored _ physics at university.完成句子When it comes to education, _ people believe that education is of great importance.當談及教育，大部分人認為教育很重要。In the nursing profession, women are _.女性在護理行業中占大多數。inthe majority ofin a/the majorityTaking a plane is the

21、 quickest means of getting there.去那兒最快的方式是坐飛機。All possible means have been tried.Every possible means has been tried.所有(每一種)可能的辦法都已經試過了。This plan must be realized by all means.這個計劃必須完成。6means n方式；方法；途徑by all means務必，不惜一切地；當然可以，沒問題(用于交際英語表示同意)by any means無論如何by no means絕不；一點也不(用于句首時引起部分倒裝)by this/the

22、se means用這種/這些辦法by means of.依靠方法，借助手段Thoughts are expressed by means of words.思想靠語言來表達。By no means should he be left alone.絕不能把他單獨留下。 (1)means 表示“方法、方式、手段”，其單復數同形，常與主謂一致結合起來進行考查。當 means 作主語且有 every, each 等詞修飾時，謂語動詞用單數；有 some, several, many, few, all 等詞修飾時，謂語動詞用復數。(2)by this means 強調的是“有條理的辦事方法”；in t

23、his way 強調的是“用簡便的方法”，in 有時候可以省略；with this method 強調的是“用已形成的系統的、理論的方法”。(3)means的另一個考查點是它的習慣搭配。(4)by no means放在句首時，句子用部分倒裝。單句語法填空You can learn English well by means _ practicing more.完成句子Students sometimes support themselves _ doing parttime jobs.學生有時借助兼職工作養活自己。_can you give up when you are in trouble

24、.處境困難時決不能放棄。ofby means ofBy no meansThe teacher wishes to speak to you in regard to being late.關于遲到的事，老師希望同你談談。Please give my kind regards to your family.請代我向你家人問好。He is regarded as the most promising player.他被看成是最有希望的球員。7regard n尊重；關注vt.把視為；看待單句語法填空Please be sure to give your family my _(regard)I r

25、egarded him _ a dangerous person.I have nothing to say _ regard to your question.regardsasin/withHer behaviour last night was completely out of character.她昨晚的行為舉止與她的性格極其不符。This is good for building up ones character.這有利于品性的塑造。In the story，the main character has left his girlfriend and baby.故事中，主人公離開

26、了他的女友和孩子。Mr. Smith doesnt know Chinese characters.史密斯先生不認識漢字。8character n文字；符號；角色；品質；特點in character 符合某人的性格out of character 不符合某人的性格build (up) ones character 塑造品性，磨煉意志寫出黑體部分的含義When you call someone a friend, it is mainly his character and interests that make him your friend._(2020山東日照期末)The characte

27、rs Stan Lee and the Marvel artists created are so popular that more than two million comic books based on their adventures have been published, in 75 countries and 25 languages._性格角色The whole character of the village has changed since the last time I was here._Chinese characters enjoy both practical

28、 and aesthetic(美學的) value. _特色文字You will appreciate his novels better if you read his autobiography.如果讀了他的自傳，你就更能欣賞他的小說。Id appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.如果讓我繼續工作，我會非常感激。9appreciate vt.欣賞；重視；感激；領會vi.增值(1)appreciate 后可以接名詞或從句，也可接動詞的ing形式，但不接不定式；后接從句時通常用it 作形式賓語。(2)appreciate 表示“感激”時后接

29、事或物，thank 后接人。She appreciated his kindness.She thanked him for his kindness.她感激他的好意。appreciate sth.感激某事appreciate one/ones doing sth.感激某人做某事I would appreciate it if. 如果我將不勝感激。appreciation n欣賞；感激寫出黑體部分的含義You should say such good music is noise, which shows you cant appreciate music._I appreciate the

30、difficulty you are faced with but I dont think I can help you._He highly appreciated their help because without their help he would have failed._欣賞理解感激單句語法填空We shall appreciate _(hear) from you again.I would appreciate _ very much if you reply to me early.hearingitHe was known for his novels.他以他的小說而

31、聞名。France is known for its wine.法國以葡萄酒聞名。重 點 短 語1be known for.以而聞名be known for.be famous for.以而聞名be known as.be famous as.作為而聞名be known to sb.be famous to sb.為某人所熟知The popular star is known/famous to young people.這個流行歌手為年輕人所熟知。Virginia is known/famous as the birthplace of several USA presidents.弗吉尼亞

32、作為幾位美國總統的出生地而出名。單句語法填空He is famous _ his humour.Known _ an advanced teacher, he was warmly welcomed by his students when he stepped onto the platform.forasPlease refer to the dictionary if you dont know how to pronounce the word.如果你不知道這個單詞如何發音，請查字典。In his speech, he didnt refer to the problem at all

33、.在他的演講中，他絲毫未觸及那個問題。He is referred to as a living Lei Feng.他被稱作活雷鋒。2refer to指的是；描述；提到；查閱refer to.as.把稱作refer.to.把提交給；把委托給reference n. 言及；提及；參考；查閱單句語法填空In his speech he referred _ the great help our country received from the supporters of the world.to根據語境猜測詞義No one referred to the matter again._When I

34、 said some people were stupid I wasnt referring to you. _The new law does not refer to land used for farming. _If you dont know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary._English is referred to as a universal language._提及指的是有關；適用于查閱把稱作是Tomb Sweeping Day dates back to the Spring

35、and Autumn Period.清明節可以追溯到春秋時代。The earliest money in China can date back to thousands of years ago.中國最早的貨幣可以追溯到幾千年前。 3date back(to)追溯到date back todate from始自某時期out of date過時up to date直到最近的；時髦的keep up to date跟上時代make/fix a date for sth.定下(做)某事的日期have a date with sb.同某人約會因追溯是從現在算起指向過去，所以這個短語常用一般現在時，且沒

36、有被動語態。單句語法填空The history of the town dates back _ the Middle Ages.Our friendship _(date) back to 1960.A lot of new words go _ of date very quickly.They are very _ to date in their method of language teaching.According to the expert, the vase has a history _(date) back to the early Tang Dynasty.todate

37、soutupdatingToo much work and too little rest often leads to illness.過量的工作和過少的休息經常會引起疾病。What led you to this conclusion?你是如何得出這個結論的？Laziness leads to failing the exam.懶惰導致考試不及格。4lead to導致；引起；通向lead to (doing) sth.導致(做)某事lead sb.to do sth.使某人做某事lead a/an.life過著的生活lead to中的to是介詞，所以后面接動詞時，用動詞的ing形式。類似的

38、帶介詞to的動詞短語還有：look forward to (盼望)，get down to (開始認真做)，object to (反對)，stick to (堅持)，contribute to (有助于，導致)等。完成句子It was making a face in the maths class that _ _.是在數學課上做鬼臉一事導致湯姆被懲罰。This road _ so we can take it.這條路通向北京，所以我們可以走它。led to Tom being punished leads to BeijingThe rainfree climate and so many

39、 cars driving in the city have _ serious air pollution so many people think they are _.無雨的氣候以及在城里那么多行駛的車輛導致嚴重的大氣污染，所以很多人認為他們過著很糟糕的生活。led toleading a bad lifeA great/large number of tourists visit London every year.每年有大批的游客游覽倫敦。5a number of許多；大量(修飾number的詞除了great之外還有large, good, small等)a number of/th

40、e number ofa number of可數名詞復數(許多，大量的)作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式(真正的主語是復數名詞)A number of students are playing on the playground.很多學生正在操場上玩。the number of可數名詞復數(的數目/數量)作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式(真正的主語是number)The number of the students there is at least over 100.至少有100多名學生在那兒。large quantities of.作主語時，謂語動詞用復數；a large quantity of.

41、作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。單句語法填空To repair this cupboard，you will need _ number of specific tools.I have _ large number of books and _ number of them is still increasing.aathe重 點 句 型1Over the years，the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many

42、varieties of dialects and characters.隨著時間的推移，這個系統發展成了不同的形式，因為它是一個中國人口在地理區域上被分隔開的時期，導致了許多不同種類的方言和文字。(1)這是一個主從復合句。主句是the system developed into different forms；句中as引導原因狀語從句；when people were divided geographically是when引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞a time；leading to many varieties of dialects and characters是現在分詞短語在句中作結果狀

43、語。(2)It was a time when.那是的時期It was a time when I took a crazy liking for rock and roll.那是一個我非常狂熱地喜歡搖滾樂的時期。There was a time when.曾有一段時間There was a time when women were not allowed to go to school.曾經有一段時間，女性不被允許去上學。完成句子_Toms mother got angry very easily.這是一段湯姆的媽媽很容易生氣的時期。This was a time when(1)該句是比較長

44、的簡單句，整個句式是“主系表”結構。of great importance是介詞短語，作表語。(2)“of名詞”結構“of名詞”結構可在句中作表語，后置定語和賓語補足語。該結構可分為兩類：2That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.該書寫體系對于統一中國人民和中國文化都具有極大的重要性。不可以轉化為形容詞的：此時，“of名詞”結構用來說明句子主語在重量、大小、顏色、類別等方面的特征。這類名詞有color，size，age，height，weight，shape，ty

45、pe，kind，price，quality等，名詞前可用different，the same，a(n)等來修飾。Coins may be of different sizes, weights, shapes，and metals.硬幣可能在大小、重量、形狀和(鑄造所用的)金屬方面有所不同。These pens are of many different colors.這些鋼筆有許多不同的顏色。The two rooms are of a size/of the same size.這兩個房間大小一樣。Tom and I are of the same age.我和湯姆一樣大。可以轉化為同根形

46、容詞的：此時，“of名詞”結構用來說明句子主語所具有的作用、重要性或意義等。這類名詞有value，use，importance，help，significance，benefit，beauty等。名詞前可用no，some，any，little，much，great等詞修飾，用來表明程度。Dictionaries are of great help (very helpful) to English learners.詞典對英語學習者來說是很有幫助的。In fact, sports can be of great benefit (very beneficial) to our health.事

47、實上，運動對我們的健康很有益。 “of名詞”和同根形容詞的轉換如下：be of significancebe significant有重大意義的be of importancebe important重要的be of helpbe helpful有幫助的be of usebe useful有用的be of valuebe valuable寶貴的；很有用的be of benefitbe beneficial有益的結合“of名詞”的用法完成句子Youll find this map is _ for you to travel around London.你會發現這張地圖對你周游倫敦很有用。(va

48、lue)The discovery of the new drug is _ to people who suffer from heart trouble.這種新藥物的發現對心臟病患者來說非常重要。(importance)of great/much valueof great/much importancePlease give these things to charities.They are _ to me.請把這些東西捐給慈善機構。它們對我沒有用了。(use)Their products are _ and sold all over the country.他們的產品質量很好，銷往

49、全國各地。(quality)The twins are _，but different in weight.這對雙胞胎身高相同，但體重不同。(height)of no useof high qualityof the same height(1)該句是主從復合句。what前省略了no matter，no matter where. speak是連接詞no matter where和no matter what引導的讓步狀語從句。3Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can

50、all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不論住在哪里，也不論說何種方言，中國人仍能通過書寫(文字)進行交流。(2)“no matter特殊疑問句”引導讓步狀語從句no matter與what/who/when/where/how等特殊疑問詞連用，可引導讓步狀語從句，表示“無論，不管”。No matter what he did, his parents supported him.不管他做什么，他父母都支持他。No matter how difficult the problem is, well overcome it.不管這個問題多么難，我們都會克服它

51、。no matter how/who/where/when/what/which.引導讓步狀語從句時，可換成however/whoever/wherever/whenever/whatever/whichever(無論多么/無論誰/無論哪里/無論何時/無論什么/無論哪個)等。但當whoever/ whichever/whatever引導名詞性從句時，它們不能換成no matter who/ which/ what。No matter who asks him for help, he is always ready to help.不管誰求助于他，他都樂于幫忙。(No matter who在此

52、引導讓步狀語從句，可以換成Whoever)He is a very determined man.No matter what problems he meets with, he never gives up.他是一個意志非常堅定的人。他無論遇到什么問題，都決不放棄。(No matter what在此引導讓步狀語從句，可以換成Whatever)Whatever you say is right.你說什么都是對的。(Whatever在此引導名詞性從句，不可以換成No matter what)however 是副詞，修飾形容詞、副詞； whatever 是代詞，修飾的是名詞。However difficult it is, you must work it out.不管有多難，你都要解決這件事。Whatever difficulty there is, we must work together.不管有什么樣的困難我們都要團結合作。單句語法填空One can always manage to