Presentparticipleusedasadverbial現在分詞作狀語

動詞-ing形式用作狀語一.基本形式和意義1.一般式doing被動式beingdone否定式notdoing

一般式所表示的動作與謂語動詞所表示的動作一般同時進行,與句子主語為邏輯上的主動關系.

Comingintotheroom,shesaweverybodyalreadyattheirwork.

被動式與句子主語為邏輯上的被動關系Beingaskedtogiveaperformance,theyarebusypreparingforit.Notmasteringthewayofstudying,Ididn’tgetagoodresult.動詞-ing形式用作狀語

一.基本形式和意義2.完成式havingdone被動式havingbeendone

否定式nothavingdone完成式所表示的動作在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前就已經完成了,與句子主語為邏輯上的主動關系Havingcleanedtherooms,webegantoweedthegarden.

被動式與句子主語為邏輯上的被動關系Havingbeengivenanotherchance,theydecidedtomakegooduseofit.Nothavingheardfromherforalongtime,hedecidedtophoneher.二.基本用法表示時間

動詞-ing在句子中作時間狀語，可轉換為when,after,while,before等引導的時間狀語從句①Hearingtheresult,Icouldn’thelpjumping.

WhenIheardtheresult,Icouldn’thelpjumping.②Havingmadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexamination.

Afterwehavemadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexamination2.表示原因動詞-ing在句子中作原因狀語，可對應轉化為as,sincebecause等引導的原因狀語從句①Beingill,hewassenttohospital

Ashewasill,hewassenttohospital.②Havinglivedinthiscitymanyyears,Iknewitwell.

SinceIhadlivedinthiscitymanyyears,Iknewitwell.③Notknowinghowmuchlongerhecouldlast,Nicholasdidtheonlythinghecould—hehuddledinhiscaveandslept.

Becausehedidn’tknowhowmuchlongerhecouldlast,Nicholasdidtheonlythinghecould—hehuddledinhiscaveandslept.3.表示條件（一般位于句首），相當于if,unless,once,aslongas等詞引導的條件狀語從句Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.

Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons,youwillsucceedNotmakinggooduseofthetime,youwillregret.

Ifyoudon’tmakegooduseofthetime,youwillregret.Usedwithcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.

Ifitisusedwithcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.4.表示結果

動詞-ing作結果狀語表示必然的結果,常常位于句末，可擴展為一個含有并列位于的簡單句。Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.Hisfatherdiedandlefthimalotofmoney.MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,makingitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanotherMorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChinaandmadeitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.5.表示伴隨或方式（用來說明動作發(fā)生的背景或情況，它表示分詞的動作和主句的動作同時發(fā)生）Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroom,readingabook.Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroomandwasreadingabook.Usingastick,thepainterdrewapictureonthegroundintenminutes.Byusingastick,thepainterdrewapictureonthegroundintenminutes.6.表示讓步（相當于though，although,evenif等引導的讓步狀語從句）Studyingfrommorningtillnight,Ididn’tpasstheexam.

AlthoughIstudiedfrommorningtillnight,Ididn’tpasstheexam.Knowingallthis,theyaskedhimtowritedownwhathappened.

Thoughtheyknewallthis,theyaskedhimtowritedownwhathappened.HearingthatIwasgoingtobemyaunt’sbridesmaid,IfeltsoexcitedthatIdidn’tsleepwellthatnightbeforemyaunt’sweddingday.AlthoughfeelingtiredIgotupearlythenextmorningandwenttomyaunt’shousetogetdressed.HavingputonmybluedressIcarriedabunchofflowers.Myauntworeawhitedress.FollowingmyauntandherfatherIenteredthechurch.Everybodywassmiling.Afterthewedding,Ileftthechurchwalkingslowlybehindmyauntandherhusband.Theywerebothlookingveryhappy.課文再現—p71獨立主格結構V-ing形式在句中作狀語時，其邏輯主語需和句子的主語保持一致，否則就要在v-ing形式前加上自身的邏輯主語獨立主格結構特點：邏輯主語與句子主語不同

邏輯主語與后面的分詞或不定式是主被動關系

一般有逗號隔開Weatherpermitting,wewillgoouttohaveatrip.Thesituationgettingworse,theyhadtoaskforhelp.Noonetowakemeup,Imightbelateforthetest.Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,hiseyesfixedontheblackboard.Areyouclearnow?

OK.Let’sdosomeexercise!判斷下列句子的正誤：①.Hearingthenews,tearsrandownherface.②.Lookingoutthroughthewin