英語閱讀理解（科普環(huán)保）練習(xí)題20篇一、高中英語閱讀理解科普環(huán)保類.犇犇閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Ateamofinternationalscientistsisduetosetofffortheworld'sbiggesticeberginamissionaimingtoanswerfundamentalquestionsabouttheimpactofclimatechangeinthepolarregions.Thescientists,ledbytheBritishAntarcticSurvey(BAS),aretryingtoreachanewlyrevealedecosystemthathadbeenhiddenfor120,000yearsbelowtheLarsenCiceshelf.Lastyear,partoftheLarsenCiceshelfcalved(崩解)away,formingahugeiceberg-A68—whichisfourtimesbiggerthanLondon,andrevealinglifebeneathforthefirsttime.Nowscientistssayitisaraceagainsttimetoexplorethesenewecosystemsbeforetheyaretransformedtothelight.MarinebiologistDrKatrinLinsefromtheBASisleadingthemission."ThecalvingofA68providesuswithauniqueopportunitytostudymarinelifeasitrespondstoahugeenvironmentchange,"shesaid."Itisimportantthatwegettherequicklybeforetheunderseaenvironmentchangesassunlightentersthewater."ProfessorDavidVaughan,sciencedirectorattheBAs,said,"Weneedtobebold(大膽的)onthisone.LarsenCisalongwaysouthandthere'slotsofseaiceinthearea,butthisisimportantscience,sowewilltryourbesttogettheteamwheretheyneedtobe.HesaidclimatechangehadalreadyaffectedtheseaaroundAntarcticaandiswarmingsomecoastalwaters."Futurewarmingmaymakesomehabitatswarm.Wherethesehabitatssupportuniquespeciesthatareadaptedtolovethecoldandnotthewarm,thosespeciesaregoingtoeithermoveordie."ThereisgrowingconcernaboutthepossibleimpactofclimatechangeintheAntarctic.Earlierthismonth,areportrevealedthatmeltingicesheetsinGreenlandandAntarcticaarespeedingupthealreadyfastpaceofthesealevelrise.Theresearch,publishedbytheNationalAcademiesofScience,EngineeringandMedicine,said,"Atthecurrentrate,theworld'soceanwillbe,onaverage,atleast60cmhigherbytheendofthecentury."However,itfoundthattheprocessisaccelerating,andmorethanthreequartersoftheaccelerationsince1993isduetomeltingicesheetsinGreenlandandAntarctica,thestudyshows.Whyarethescientistseagertogototheiceberg?Tostudyhowtheicebergwasformed.Tostudyanewlydiscoveredecosystem.Toexploreanewwaytopreventclimatechange.ToexplorethegeographyoftheLarsenCiceshelf.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thisone"inthefourthparagraphreferto?TheLarsenCiceshelf.ClimatechangeinAntarctica.TheA68icebergwiththeecosystembeneathit.TheconditionofanimalspeciesinAntarctica.WhatcanwelearnabouttheA68icebergfromthetext?ItisasbigasLondon.ItispartofaniceshelfintheArctic.Itwilldisappearinaveryshorttime.IthasuncoveredanunknownecosysteminAntarctica.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?ThereisnoneedtoworryaboutclimatechangeinAntarctica.TheicesheetsinGreenlandandAntarcticaaremeltingatasteadyrate.Manycreatureslivingindeepwaterwilldieoutduetoclimatechange.By2100,thesealevelwillhaverisentoamuchhigherlevelthannow.【答案】(1)B(2)C(3)D(4)D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，南極地區(qū)的拉森C冰架崩解形成了一座巨大的冰山A68iceberg。冰山下面顯現(xiàn)的新的海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)為科學(xué)家提供了研究未知的海洋生物的機(jī)會。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Nowscientistssayitisaraceagainsttimetoexplorethesenewecosystemsbeforetheyaretransformedtothelight.”可知，科學(xué)家著急趕去世界最大的冰山是為了在其受到光照影響之前研究這座冰山下面的海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選B。(2)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的"ThecalvingofA68providesuswithauniqueopportunitytostudymarinelife...”可知A68冰山的形成為科學(xué)家提供了研究海洋生物的獨一無二的機(jī)會，所以ProfessorDavidVaughan認(rèn)為科學(xué)家要果敢地抓住這次機(jī)會，故thisone指的是A68冰山和它下面的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"toreachanewlyrevealedecosystemthathadbeenhiddenfor120,000yearsbelowtheLarsenCiceshelf.”到達(dá)一個新發(fā)現(xiàn)的在拉森冰架下面隱藏了12萬年的的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，可知選D。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"...Atthecurrentrate,theworld'soceanswillbe,onaverage,atleast60cmhigherbytheendofthecentury.”按目前的速度，世界的海洋到本世紀(jì)末平均至少升高60厘米，選D。【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)境類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。2.犇犇閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Supercomputerswhichcananalysebloodsamplesandpredictwhichpatientsarelikelytobecomeseriouslyillcouldsavetensofthousandsoflivesayear,itwasrevealedlastnight,accordingtoTheDailyExpress.Theartificialintelligence(AI)system,developedatUniversityCollegeLondonandsettobepilotedinNHShospitalslaterthisyear,willscreen"atrisk"patientssodoctorscantakeearlyactiontopreventdeathorseriousillness.ProfYoung,aconsultantsurgeonatSouthendUniversityHospital,said:"Iamsoexcitedaboutthisformoftechnology."Insteadofpeoplegettingsickordyingbecausetheyarenotpickedupintime,thiswillallowustostepinearlierwhichwillsavelivesandanenormousamountofmoney."IthinkthepotentialofAIinhealthcarelikethisisasbigastheIndustrialRevolutionwas—andsignalsacompletelynewexampleinthewaywemanagehealthcare."ThetechnologyisthebrainchildofDrVishalNangalia,aconsultantattheRoyalFreeHospitalinLondon.HeusedAItoanalyseabillionstoredbloodsamplesfrom20differentUKhospitaltrustsdatingbackupto12years.Computersassessbloodtestresultsbypickingupsubtlechangesinredandwhitebloodcells,suggestingapatientisgoingdownhill.Hefoundthetechniqueforecastoutcomesofpatientswithkidneyproblemswithupto95percentaccuracy.Traditionalmethodshighlightingseriouspatientconcernspickedupasfewas16percentofpatientswhowentontodie."Thisgivesustheopportunitynotonlytosavelivesbuttopreventseriousillness,makingthehealthservicenotonlysaferbutmoreefficient."ProfYoungsaid,"Insteadofwaitingforpeopletogetworse,wewillbeabletotreatthemearlier."Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"screen"inParagraph2mean?A.comfort B.treat C.spot D.nurseHowdosupercomputershelpsavelives?A.Bystoringbloodsamples. B.Byanalyzingpatients'cases.C.Byobservingchangesinbloodcells.D.Byassistingdoctorswiththeiroperations.WhydidProfessorYoungmentiontheIndustrialRevolution?ToshowtheinfluenceofAI.Tostresstheimportanceofhealthcare.Tointroducethetopicofsupercomputers.Topresenttheachievementhehasaccomplished.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewtechnology?Ithelpspatientsrecoverearlier.Ithashelpedsavethousandsoflives.Itwillpromotethehealthservicegreatly.Itisintendedforpatientswithkidneydiseases.【答案】(1)CCAC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹超級計算機(jī)能夠分析血樣并預(yù)測哪些病人可能會患上重病，每年可以挽救數(shù)萬人的生命。(1)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的"sodoctorscantakeearlyactiontopreventdeathorseriousillness.〃以便醫(yī)生能夠及早采取行動，預(yù)防死亡或嚴(yán)重疾病，可以猜測出，人工智能將用于對高危病人進(jìn)行“篩查〃。此處screen意為"篩查〃。故選C。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Computersassessbloodtestresultsbypickingupsubtlechangesinredandwhitebloodcells,suggestingapatientisgoingdownhill.”可知，計算機(jī)通過檢測紅細(xì)胞和白細(xì)胞的細(xì)微變化來評估血液檢測結(jié)果。故選C。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"IthinkthepotentialofAIinhealthcarelikethisisasbigastheIndustrialRevolutionwas—andsignalsacompletelynewexampleinthewaywemanagehealthcare."楊教授認(rèn)為，人工智能在醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域的潛力與工業(yè)革命一樣大，以此類比，說明人工智能在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的影響力。故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Insteadofwaitingforpeopletogetworse,wewillbeabletotreatthemearlier."可知，這項技術(shù)將能夠更早地治療患者，而不是坐等病情惡化，從而推斷，人工智能這一科技幫助醫(yī)生對疾病診療早預(yù)判，早介入，從而幫助挽救大量生命，將大大促進(jìn)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。故選C。【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。3.犇犇閱讀下面文章，然后從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出每個問題的最佳選項。AninternationalteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofOxfordhavefoundthatthewaypeopleusetheInternetiscloselytiedtotheseasonalmovementsinthenaturalworld.Theironlinespeciessearchesfollowthepatternsofseasonalanimalmigrations任徙）.Migratorybirds（候鳥）floodbacktowheretheyreproduceeveryspring.Thatmigratorybehaviorisaccompaniedbysomehumanbehavior."InEnglish-languageWikipedia（維基百科），theonlinesearchesformigratoryspeciestendtoincreaseinspringwhenthosebirdsarriveintheUnitedStates,"saidtheleadauthorJohnMittermeier.Andnotjustbirds.Mittermeierandhisteamsurveyednearly2.5billionWikipediasearchrecords,for32,000species,across245languages.Theyalsosawvariablesearchratesforinsects,horsetailsandfloweringplants.SeasonaltrendsseemedtobewidespreadinWikipediabehaviorformanyspeciesofplantsandanimals.Thisfindingsuggestsnewwaystomonitorchangesintheworld'sbiologicaldiversity.Italsoshowsnewwaystoseehowmuchpeoplecareaboutnature,andwhichspeciesandareasmightbethemosteffectivetargetsforconservation.Mittermeierisencouragedbythesearchresults.Hecommented,"Ithinkthere'saconcernamongconservationists（生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)者）thatpeoplearelosingtouchwiththenaturalworldandthatthey'renotinteractingwithnativespeciesanymore.Andsointhatsense,itwasreallyexcitingandquiteunexpectedformetoseepeople'sWikipediainterestcloselyrelatedtochangesinnature."RichardGrenyer,AssociateProfessorfromtheUniversityofOxford,sayssearchdataisusefultoconservationbiologists,"Byusingthesebigdataapproaches,wecandirectourattentiontowardsthedifficultquestionsinmodernconservation:whichspeciesandareasarechanging,andwherearethepeoplewhocarethemostandcandothemosttohelp."Whathaveresearchersfoundaboutspeciessearches?A.Theystrengthentiesamongpeople.B.Theyaffecttheanimalmovements.C.Theydifferinlanguagebackgrounds.D.Theyreflectanimalmigrationseasons.WhatisthepurposeofwritingParagraph3?A.Tosummarizetheresearchprocess.B.Tofurthersupporttheresearchfindings.C.Toshowthevarietyofspeciessearches.D.Topresentresearchers'heavyworkload.HowdoesMittermeierfeelaboutthesearchresults?A.SatisfiedwithWikipedia'sservice.B.WorriedaboutWikipediabehavior.C.Amazedatpeople'scareaboutnature.D.Sadaboutpeople'snotgettingclosetonature.WhydoesRichardthinksuchsearchdataisuseful?A.Ithelpstoaimatconservationtargets.B.Itincreasesinterestinbigdataapproaches.C.Itkeepstrackoftrendsinbiologists'work.D.Itpushespeopletosolvedifficultproblems.【答案】(1)D(2)B(3)C(4)A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，牛津大學(xué)的一個國際研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的方式與自然界的季節(jié)性運動密切相關(guān)。他們的在線物種搜索遵循季節(jié)性動物遷徙的模式。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)提出了監(jiān)測世界生物多樣性變化的新方法。它還展示了一種新的方式來了解人們有多關(guān)心自然，以及哪些物種和地區(qū)可能是最有效的保護(hù)目標(biāo)。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Theironlinespeciessearchesfollowthepatternsofseasonalanimalmigrations(遷徙).”可知關(guān)于物種搜索，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了他們遵循季節(jié)性動物遷徙的模式。故選D。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"SeasonaltrendsseemedtobewidespreadinWikipediabehaviorformanyspeciesofplantsandanimals.”可知在維基百科上，許多動植物的行為似乎都有季節(jié)性趨勢。即第三段的寫作目的是為了進(jìn)一步支持研究結(jié)果。故選B。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"itwasreallyexcitingandquiteunexpectedformetoseepeople'sWikipediainterestcloselyrelatedtochangesinnature”可矢口Mittermeier看至“人們對維基百科的興趣是與大自然的變化密切相關(guān)的，感到非常興奮和意外。故選C。(4)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Byusingthesebigdataapproaches,wecandirectourattentiontowardsthedifficultquestionsinmodernconservation:whichspeciesandareasarechanging,andwherearethepeoplewhocarethemostandcandothemosttohelp.”可知Richard認(rèn)為通過使用這些大數(shù)據(jù)方法，我們可以將我們的注意力轉(zhuǎn)向現(xiàn)代保護(hù)中的難題：哪些物種和地區(qū)正在發(fā)生變化，哪些人最關(guān)心這些問題，哪些人能夠提供最多的幫助。即他認(rèn)為這些搜索數(shù)據(jù)可以有助于設(shè)定保護(hù)目標(biāo)。故選A。【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4.犇犇閱讀理解Slowlybutsurelywe'removingcloserandcloserto5Gworld.Fromsmart-homesecuritytoself-drivingcars,alltheinternet-connecteddevicesinyourlifewillbeabletotalktoeachotheratlightning-fastspeedswithreduceddelay,Objectivelyspeaking,thefastest4GdownloadspeedsintheU.S.topoutatanaverageof19.42Mbps.Butbycomparison5Gpromisesgigabit(千兆)speeds.“5Gisoneofthosesigns,alongwithartificialintelligence,ofthiscomingdataage,”saidSteveKoenig,seniordirectorofmarketresearchfortheConsumerTechnologyAssociation.“Theself-drivingvehicleisagreatemblemofthisdataage,andthatistosay,itisasignoftime,becausewithonesingletask,driving,youhavemassiveamountsofdatacomingfromthevehicleitself,andavarietyofsensorsarecollectingalotofinformationtomodelitsenvironmentasitmoves.It'spullingindatafromothervehiclesaboutroadconditionsdownthelane.Itcouldbeweatherinformation,butalsoconnectedinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)construction.There'slotsofdatabehindthattask,whichiswhyweneedhighspeed.Augmentedrealityglassesandvirtualheadsethaven'tyetbrokenthemainstream,buttechcompaniesarejoyfullybettingthatthesedeviceswilleventuallyreplaceoursmartphones.With5G,thatcouldactuallyhappen.ThisisnotablebecausecompaniessuchasApplearereportedlydevelopingARglassestoassist—orperhapsevenreplace—smartphones.EricssonstatedatFebruary'sMobileWorldCongresshowsmartglassescouldbecomefasterandlighterwitha5Gconnection,becauseinsteadofbeingweigheddownwithcomponents,theglassescouldrelyonhardwareforprocessingpower.Butdon'tgettooexcited.There'sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantime,includingvarioustrialstomakesuretheradiosplaynicelywithhardwareandinfrastructureconstructionso5Gisn'tconcentratedonlyinbigcities.WhatdoestheauthorwanttostressinParagraph1?Thelighting-fastspeedof5G.Theexpectationof5Gworld.Thedifferencebetween4Gand5G.Theinternet-connecteddevicesinourlife.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"emblem"inParagraph2mean?A.Exhibition. B.Success. C.Symbol. D.Explanation.Wecaninferfromthetextthat.5Gworldwon'tcomewithoutARglasses5GhelpstocreatetheartificialintelligencevehicleApplecompanyisdevelopingARglassesworldwideTechcompanieswillfacethefactthatsmartphonesmaybereplacedWhatwilltheauthorprobablytellusnext?Howtofullyexpand5Gcoverage.Smartglasseswillbecomefasterandlighter.Why5Gisn'tconcentratedinbigcities.Theimportanceofinfrastructureconstruction.【答案】(1)ACD(4)A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了我們離5G世界越來越近了。(1)考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段中的"Slowlybutsurely,we'removingcloserandcloserto5Gworld.〃緩慢但肯定的是，我們離5G世界越來越近了。可知，作者在第一段想強(qiáng)調(diào)“5G光速快。〃故選A。(2)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的"andthatistosay,itisasignoftim〃也就是說，這是時間的標(biāo)志，〃可知，劃線詞的意思是“標(biāo)志，象征〃。故選C。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"ThisisnotablebecausecompaniessuchasApplearereportedlydevelopingARglassestoassist—orperhapsevenreplace—smartphones.〃這一點值得注意，因為據(jù)報道，蘋果(Apple)等公司正在開發(fā)增強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實眼鏡，以幫助一一甚至取代一—智能手機(jī)。〃可知，我們可以從文中推斷，科技公司將面臨智能手機(jī)可能被取代的事實。故選D。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Butdon'tgettooexcited.There'sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantime,includingvarioustrialstomakesuretheradiosplaynicelywithhardwareandinfrastructureconstructionso5Gisn'tconcentratedonlyinbigcities."但是不要太激動。與此同時，仍有很多工作要做，包括各種試驗，以確保收音機(jī)能很好地配合硬件和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，這樣5G就不會只集中在大城市。〃可知，作者接下來可能會告訴我們“如何全面擴(kuò)大5G覆蓋。〃故選A。【點評】本題考點涉及段落大意，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5.犇犇閱讀理解Inourtwenties,wefinditfunnywhenwecan'trememberourneighbor'scat'snameorahandsomeactorwhostarredinafamousmovie.Inourthirties,wejokinglycallit"brainfreeze".Inourforties,welaughitoffasa"seniormoment"andfollowupwithoneoftheseoldagejokes.Buttherealityisthattherecomesapointwhenbeingforgetfulstopsbeingfunnyandstartstoseemabitdreadful.Youthink,"AmIlosingit?"Orworse,"IsthisasignofAlzheimer'sdisease(老年癡呆癥)？"Well,don'tworry.Thefactthatyourecognizeyourownforgetfulnessmaybeaverygoodsign,atleastintermsofthepossibilityofyourdevelopingAlzheimer'sdisease(AD).Theresearchersinanewstudyshowthatit'snotforgetfulnessbutnotbeingawarethatwe'reforgetfulthatweshouldfear.TheresearchersbeganwiththeassumptionthatonecommonfeatureofAlzheimer'sdis-easeisadamagedawarenessofillness.Andtheywantedtoprovetheirtheorythatthelackofawarenesscanbeusedtopredictwhethersomeonewith"mildcognitive(認(rèn)知的)damage"willprogresstofull-onAD.Forthestudy,"mildcognitivedamage"wasdefinedassomeonewhosementalstatewasconsideredhealthybutwhohadeithercomplainedofmemorylossorhadsufferedobjectivememoryloss.Theresearchersusedexistingdatafor1,062peoplebetweentheagesof55and90thathadbeenrecordedovera12-yearperiod.Thedataincludedbrainscans,whichtheresearchersusedtolookforvisualsignsofreducedglucoseuptake(葡萄糖吸收).ItisanobjectivemarkerofthesortofreducedbrainfunctionthatgoesalongwithAD.Asexpected,glucoseuptakewasreducedinthosewithAD.Whattheresearchersalsodiscoveredwasthatglucoseuptakewasreducedinthosewithmildcognitivedamagewhoalsoshowedevidenceofreducedillnessawareness.Finally,theresearchersfoundthatthosewhohadreducedillnessawarenessweremorelikelytodevelopADthanthosewithout.Whatcanbeimpliedfromparagraph1?Peoplecanbeforgetfulatdifferentages.Thememoryoftheyoungisbetterthantheold.OldpeoplearemostafraidofgettingAlzheimer'sdisease.It'sararephenomenonwhenyoungpeopleforgetsomething.Whatstatementdoestheresearchersinthenewstudyagreewith?Beingawareallthetimeisafearfulthing.IllnessawarenesshasnothingtodowithAlzheimer'sdisease.Recognizingforgetfulnessdoesn'tmeandevelopingAlzheimer'sdisease.RealizingforgetfulnessmustbeasignofdevelopingAlzheimer'sdisease.WhatcanbeasignofdevelopingAlzheimer'sdisease?A.Realizingothers'forgetfulness. B.Reduceduptakeofglucose.C.Havinghigherintakeofglucose. D.Expectedincreaseinbrainfunction.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Sciencefiction.B.Achemistrybook.C.Ascienceresearch.D.Ahealthbrochure.【答案】(1)ACBC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了如何預(yù)測你的記憶喪失是否是老年癡呆癥，一項新的研究表明，不是遺忘，而是沒有意識到我們的健忘讓人們感到害怕。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Inourtwenties,wefinditfunnywhenwecan'trememberourneighbor'scat'snameorahandsomeactorwhostarredinafamousmovie.Inourthirties,wejokinglycallit/brainfreeze,Inourforties,welaughitoffasa’seniormoment,andfollowupwithoneoftheseoldagejokes.Buttherealityisthattherecomesapointwhenbeingforgetfulstopsbeingfunnyandstartstoseemabitdreadful.〃在二十多歲的時候，當(dāng)我們記不起鄰居的貓的名字或是主演一部著名電影的英俊演員時，我們覺得很有趣。在三十多歲的時候，我們開玩笑地稱它為“大腦凍結(jié)〃，在四十多歲的時候，我們把它當(dāng)作"老年時期〃來嘲笑，然后繼續(xù)講這些老年笑話。但現(xiàn)實是，有這樣的時候，健忘不再有趣，而且看起來有點可怕，可推知選A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Thefactthatyourecognizeyourownforgetfulnessmaybeaverygoodsign,atleastintermsofthepossibilityofyourdevelopingAlzheimer,sdisease(AD)'承認(rèn)自己的健忘也許是一個很好的跡象，至少從你患老年癡呆癥，的可能性來看，可知選C。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“ItisanobjectivemarkerofthesortofreducedbrainfunctionthatgoesalongwithAD.Asexpected,glucoseuptakewasreducedinthosewithAD.”這是一個患有老年癡呆癥降低了腦功能的客觀標(biāo)志。正如所料，老年癡呆癥患者的葡萄糖吸收降低，故選B。(4)考查推理判斷。縱觀全文可知，是一項科學(xué)研究，介紹了如何預(yù)測你的記憶喪失是否是老年癡呆癥,故選C。【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。6.犇犇閱讀理解Three-quartersoftheworld,scoffeefarmsdestroyforesthabitattogrowcoffeeinthesuntypicallyseharmfulpesticide殺蟲劑)andchemicalsthatpoisontheenvironment.Whenforestdisappearmigratory遷徙的)songbirdsdisappear,too.Inordertodealwithseverepopulationandhabitatloss,SmithsonianscientistscreatedtheBirdFriendlycertification.BirdFriendlycoffeesareshade-grown,meaningthecoffeeisplantedundertrees,ratherthaonthelandthathasbeenclearecbfallotherplantsCoffeeexpertssayshade-growncoffeestastebetter,becausethebeansripenslowerthancoffeegrowninthefullsun,resultinginarmorecomplexflavor.BirdFriendlycertifiedcoffeesgrowunderbio-diverseshadethatprovideshabitatformigratorysongbirdsandotherwildlife,storescarbonandfightsclimatechange.BirFriendlycoffeesarealsocertifiedorganic,meaningtheyaregrownwithoutpesticides,whichisbetterforpeopleandfortheplanet.BirdFriendlyproducerscanalsoearnmorefortheircrops.Thewoodandfruittreesonshadcoffeefarmsprovidefarmerswithadditionalincome.EverycupofBirdFriendlycoffeepurchasedrewardsthesefarmerswithalittlemoremoneyforbeinggoodstewardsoftheenvironmentandencouragesthemtocontinueconservingBirdFriendlyhabitat.BuyingBirdFriendlysupportstheSmithsonianMigratoryBirdCenter,sconservationresearchaimedatunderstandingmdprotectinyourfeatherecfriendsYoucanpurchaseBirdFriendlycertifiedcoffeesaroundtheworldandprotectwildlifeandhabitatwitheverycup.Findastorecafenearyou,orbetteryet,haveitshippedtoyourdoorwhenyouorderonline.Whatisthepresentsituationofcoffeefarms?Onefourthofthemhavedestroyedforesthabitatforbirds.Pesticidesandchemicalsusedonthempoisonedmanybirds.Farmershavebeenawareofenvironmentprotection.Scientistspayattentiontothemandhavecomeupwithanidea.What,sacharacteristicofBirdFriendlycoffees?A.Theymayhaveabettertaste. B.Theyhaveastrangeflavor.C.Theytakelesstimetoripen. D.TheyaregrownonunpollutedlandHowcanBirdFriendlyfarmersearnmoremoney?A.Bychargingconsumersmoremoney.B.Bysellingfruitsandwoodfromtrees.C.Bycuttingdowntreesandsellingwood.D.Byservingasstewardsofcoffeeconsumers.（4）Whatdoesthetextsuggestcoffeeconsumersdo?A.Consumelesscoffee. B.Ordercoffeeonline.C.Purchaseshade-growncoffee. D.Donatetocoffeefarmers.【答案】（1）DAB（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，為了應(yīng)對嚴(yán)重的遷徙鳥類的數(shù)量和棲息地?fù)p失，史密森尼的科學(xué)家創(chuàng)造了theBirdFriendlycertification（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Inordertodealwithseverepopulationandhabitatloss,SmithsonianscientistscreatedtheBirdFriendlycertification.”可知，科學(xué)家們重視咖啡生長地的問題，并以想出應(yīng)對辦法，故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Coffeeexpertssayshade-growncoffeestastebetter,becausethebeansripenslowerthancoffeegrowninthefullsun,resultinginaricher,morecomplexflavor.”咖啡專家說，陰涼處種植的咖啡味道更好，因為豆子比太陽下的咖啡成熟得慢，會產(chǎn)生更豐富，更復(fù)雜的味道。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Thewoodandfruittreesonshadecoffeefarmsprovidefarmerswithadditionalincome.”可知，咖啡種植者可以通過咖啡樹上方的thewoodandfruittrees增加收入，故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的"YoucanpurchaseBirdFriendlycertifiedcoffeesaroundtheworldandprotectwildlifeandhabitatwitheverycup”你能在全世界買BirdFriendly認(rèn)證的咖啡，每杯都保護(hù)野生動物和棲息地，故選C。【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7.閱讀理解Anewstudysuggestsalinkbetweenexposuretogreeneryandreduceddesiresforalcoholcigaretteandjunkfood.Thestudyisthefirsttoinvestigatethepossiblerelationshipsbetweenexposuretonatureanddesiresandnegativeemotions.ResearchersattheUniversityofPlymouth'sSchoolofPsychologysurveyed149respondents（應(yīng)答者）aged21o65abouttheproportion（比例）ofgreenspaceintheirneighborhood,thepresenceofgreenviewsfromtheirhome,theiraccesstoagardenandhowoftentheyusepublicgreenspace.Thestudyalsoaskedquestionsaboutexperienceswithdepressionandanxiety,aswellasdesiresforthingslikecaffeine,alcoholandnicotine.Participantsratedtheintensity（強(qiáng)度），imagery,andintrusiveness（侵?jǐn)_性）oftheirdesiresonan11-pointscale.Researchersfoundthepresenceofvisiblegreenspacecontributedtodecreaseddesiresforjunkfood.Theeffectwasparticularlynoticeablewhenmorethan25percentofarespondent'sviewwasgreenery.Previousscholarship(學(xué)術(shù)研究)hasdealtmostlywithexerciseinnature:A2015studyoutoftheUniversityofMichiganfound90-minutegroupnaturewalkswereeffectiveatcombattingdepressionandrelievingothermooddisorders.Butforpeoplewhostrugglewithaccessibilityordon'thavetimefora90-minutewalk,thisnewstudysuggestsjustlookingoutawindowatatreecanhelpfightoffabadhabit."Ithasbeenknownforsometimethatbeingoutdoorsinnatureislinkedtoaperson'swellbeing,"leadauthorLeanneMartinsaidinastatement."Butfortheretobeasimilarassociationwithdesiresfromsimplybeingabletoseegreenspaceaddsanewdimensiontothepreviousresearch."A2018studyfromDenmark'sAarhusUniversityforexample,foundthat.Havingaccesstogreenspacethroughoutchildhooddecreasedaperson'sriskofdevelopingmentalhealthproblemsasanadult.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theresultsofthenewstudy.B.Thepurposeofthenewstudy.C.Thesignificanceofthenewstudy.D.Thecontentofthenewstudy.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"combatting"inparagraph4probablymean?A.Reducing.B.Developing.C.Understanding.D.EncouragingAccordingtothepassage,thenewstudy.A.mainlyreferredtoexerciseinnatureB.hasenrichedthepreviousresearchtosomedegreeC.wascarriedoutbytheUniversityofMichiganD.foundexposuretogreeneryhelpedcurementalproblemsnwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?A.EntertainmentB.BusinessWorldC.Tech&ScienceD.Environment【答案】(1)D(2)A(3)B(4)C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一項新的研究成果---多看綠色植物和吃垃圾食品這兩者看似風(fēng)馬牛不相及，可研究結(jié)構(gòu)卻表明它們之間存在著一種奇妙的關(guān)系：多看綠色植物能幫助人們克制吃垃圾食品的欲望。(1)考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“Researchers...surveyed149respondentsaged21o65abouttheproportionofgreenspaceintheirneighborhood.”研究人員調(diào)查了年齡在21~65歲之間的149名參與者小區(qū)內(nèi)的綠植比例.…；以及“Thestudyalsoaskedquestionsaboutexperienceswithdepressionandanxiety.」研究中還問了與抑郁及焦慮有關(guān)的問題……等可知，第二段主要介紹了新研究的調(diào)查內(nèi)容，故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)常識可知，在大自然中散步對人體有各種各樣的好處，再結(jié)合句中出現(xiàn)的“relievingothermooddisorders（緩解其他情緒紊亂）”不難推斷出，combattingdepression應(yīng)表示“減輕抑郁”。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“...addsanewdimension（方面）tothepreviousresearch〃為以前的研究增加了新的方面，可知，新的研究在某種程度上豐富了之前的研究成果。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。縱觀全文可知，本文介紹了一項科學(xué)研究的研究成果，所以該文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在“技術(shù)與科學(xué)〃版塊。故選C。【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和段落大意四個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8.閱讀下列短文，從所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中選出最佳選項。WeallarefamiliarwithAndroidandiOSplatformsasbotharepopularbutarequitedifferentwhenitcomestofunctionalities.IfyouaremakingabigmovefromAndroidtoiPhone,thenthefirstthingthatcountersyourmindishowtogetyourdataontheiPhone.Note:YouneedtoturnonWi-FionyourAndroid&iPhoneandconnectthemwiththesamenetwork.So,let'sgetstartedandlearnhowtotransferdatafromAndroidtoiPhone.Note:Pleasekeepinmindthatthestepsmightvaryfromdevicetodevice.Install（安裝）the"MovetoiOS"ApponyourAndroiddevicefromtheGoogleplaystore.ThisapplicationisdevelopedbyAppleandavailableforfree.Onceyouaredonewithinstallingtheapp,youneedtograntpermissionstotheapp.Now,followon-screeninstructionstoproceed.Now,keepyourAndroidasideandstartyouriPhone.Followtheon-screeninstructionstosetupyouriPhone.Thetransfermighttakeabitlongerdependinguponthesizeofthecontent.OnyouriPhonescreen,youwillseeascreensaying,"ContinuesettingupiPhone".YoucancontinuesettingupyourApple