Unit4Grammar：

Inversion（倒裝）1.含義英語句子有兩種語序,①自然語序：主語在前,謂語在后,即“主—謂”;②倒裝語序：

在前,

在后,即“

”,此類句子被稱為

句。2.分類完全倒裝謂—主部分倒裝將

謂語放在主語前。將

謂語放在主語前;即

動詞、

動詞、

動詞。倒裝全部部分助be情態謂語主語倒裝3.用途強調前置信息,平衡句子結構,保持前后句銜接。

完全倒裝部分倒裝部分倒裝部分倒裝部分倒裝部分倒裝部分倒裝部分倒裝1.公交車來了。

.改為完全倒裝句：

.2.司機絕不會丟下我。

.改為部分倒裝句：

.Thebus

comeshereThedriverwillneverdesertmePartOne完全倒裝【巧記完全倒裝】地時方介在句首,such形分作表語。倒裝主語須名詞,

代詞主語不倒裝。1.地點、時間、方位副詞位于句首,且主語是名詞。

地點副詞:

herethere

時間副詞:nowthen

方位副詞:

updown;inout;awayoff

謂語動詞:comegobeginrunjumprush(沖)句式結構:副詞

+

謂語

+

主語

【完全倒裝】—動態動詞1.Theboycomeshere.→

.2.Thebellgoesthere.→

.3.Yourturncomesnow.→

.4.Hisfathercamethen.→

.5.Agirlcamein.→

.

找出的標志詞并改成完全倒裝句。HerecomestheboyTheregoesthebellNowcomesyourturnThencamehisfatherIncameagirl6.Tomrushedout.→

.7.Theballoonsflewup.→

.8.Thatbigshipwentdown.→

.9.Hercatrunaway.→

.10.Yourbuttoncameoff.→

.

找出的標志詞并改成完全倒裝句。OutrushedTomUpflewtheballoonsDownwentthatbigshipAwayrunhercatOffcameyourbutton特別注意：完全倒裝的主語必須是名詞(短語)。

⑴當主語是第三人稱單數時,謂語要與主語形式保持一致。

①Here

(be)yourletter.

②There

(stand)atallbuilding.

⑵當主語是人稱代詞時,不用倒裝。

.（他來了）Herehecomesstandsis2.表示地點的介詞短語位于句首,且主語是名詞。

介詞短語=介詞+名詞(短語)intheroomonthetableattheendofthestreetatthetopofthemountain

謂語動詞：beliesitstandliveexist(存在)句式結構：介詞短語

+謂語

+

主語

【完全倒裝】—靜態動詞1.Alittleboystoodunderthetree.

alittleboy.2.Ahugemirrorhangsonthewall.

ahugemirror.3.Somebreadwasinthebasket.

somebread.4.Hercatwaslyingontheroofofthehouse.

hercat.用完全倒裝補全句子。Underthetreestand

OnthewallhangsInthebasketwasOntheroofofthehousewaslying

5.Goodluckscomesbehindbadluck.

goodluck.6.Davidcameintothedarkroom.

David.7.Somebeautifulflowersareonthebothsidesoftheroads.

somebeautifulflowers.8.Ahandsomeprincelivedinanoldcaltleoftheforest.

ahandsomeprince.Behindbadluckcomes

IntothedarkroomcameOnthebothsidesoftheroadsareInanoldcastleoftheforestlived

3.

such/形容詞/現在分詞/過去分詞作表語位于句首,且主語是名詞。【完全倒裝】

目的：強調表語或保持句子平衡句子結構：Such+be+主語“這就是...”形容詞/現在分詞/過去分詞+be+主語①

myeldersister(這就是我的姐姐).②Thosewhoarecontentedarehappy.（知足者常樂）

whoarecontented.③Alittlegirlissittinginfrontofthehouse.

alittlegirl.④Asunkenshipwasburiedinthesandsandstones.

inthesandsandstones.Happyare

thoseBuriedwasasunkenship

Suchis

用完全倒裝補全句子。Sittinginfrontofthehouseis

Summary1:完全倒裝的適用情形1.

副詞位于句首,且主語是名詞。2.作地點狀語的

位于句首,且主語是名詞。3.作表語的

位于句首,且主語是名詞。地點/時間/方位such/形容詞/現在分詞/過去分詞介詞短語PartTwo部分倒裝【巧記部分倒裝】疑問祝愿直接引,否定副詞和短語。固定結構含否定,only修飾副介狀。如此虛擬和讓步,位于句首半倒裝。1.陳述句變為疑問句和表示“祝愿”的感嘆句。⑴疑問句:

一般疑問句:

apples?（你喜歡蘋果嗎？）

特殊疑問句:

yourfavouritefruit?（你最喜歡的水果是什么？）⑵感嘆句：

May

you

be

happy!

祝你幸福！

MayGodbless

you！愿上帝保佑你！

Long

livethePeople'sRepublicofChina!中華人民共和國萬歲！⑶直接引語位于句首：

①“Tryagain!”saidDad.②“Canyoutryagain?”askedMom.Doyou

likeWhat

is【部分倒裝】2.表示否定意義的副詞或短語位于句首,且主語是名詞。否定副詞:

not

nevernowhereseldom/little/rarelyhardly/scarcely/barely

否定短語:atnotime

bynomeans

innowayinnocase

undernocircumstance

絕不(無處;哪里都不)很少幾乎不(從不)【部分倒裝】1.IknowlittleaboutFrench.

aboutFrench.2.Theboyseldomspoketoothergirls.

toothergirls.3.Ihaveneverheardofthisnews.

ofthisnews.4.Shehardlyhastimetohavelunch.

timetohavelunch.5.IwillgiveuplearningEnglishinnoway.

learningEnglish找出標志詞并改成部分倒裝句。SeldomdidtheboyspeakNeverhaveIheardHardlydoesshehaveInnowaywillIgiveup

LittledoIknow3.固定結構中的否定部分位于句首,否定部分要部分倒裝。⑴不但...而且...

...notonly...butalso...⑵直到...才......not...until...⑶既不...也不......neither...nor......hardly...when...⑷一...就...

...scarcely...when......nosooner...than...Notonly...butalso...Not

until...Neither...nor...Hardly...when...Scarcely...when...Nosooner...than...【部分倒裝】1.Hedidn’t

gotobed

until

hefinishedhishomework.

→Notuntilhefinishedhishomework

tobed.2.Inotonly

knewherbutalso

washerson.

→Notonly

herbutalsowasherson.3.SheisneitherJapanesenorlivesinJapan.

→Neither

Japanese

norinJapan.4.

Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.

→Nosooner

homethanitbegantorain.5.Wehadhardlypassedbythehousewhenthedogbarkedatus.

→Hardly

bythehousewhenthedogbarketatus.用部分倒裝將下列句子補充完整。didhego

didIknowisshedoesshehadIgothadIpassed4.Only(只有)+副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句位于句首,且主語是名詞。Onlythen...直到那時...Onlyinthisway...只有通過這種方式...Onlywhen-從句

直到...時Onlyafter-從句

直到...之后Onlyif-從句

只有...【部分倒裝】1.IrealizedtheimportanceoflearningEnglishonlythen.

theimportanceoflearningEnglish.2.Wecansolvetheproblemonlyinthisway.

theproblem.3.Hefoundhiswalletlostonlywhenhereturnedhome.

hiswalletlost.4.Youwillbeadmittedintoakeyuniversityonlyifyoustudyhard.

intoakeyuniversity.用部分補全句子。OnlythendidIrealizeOnlyinthiswaycanwesolveOnlywhenhereturnedhomedidhefindOnlyifyoustudyhardwillyoubeadmitted5.so/neither/nor

位于句首,表示與對方的情況相同,

“...也(不)...”。⑴

表示“...也..”：So+情/系(be)/助動詞+主語⑵

表示“...也不...”：Neither/Nor+情/系(be)/助動詞+主語我也會。→

So

I.我也是。→

So

I.我也想。→So

I.他也不會。→Neither/Nor

he.他也不是。→Neither/Nor

he.他也不想。

→Neither/Nor

he.can/couldam/wasdo/didcan’t/couldn’tisn’t/wasn’tdoesn’t/didn’t【部分倒裝】1.Ifhecanrunfivemiles,Icando,too.Ifhecanrunfivemiles,andso

I.2.Myfatherdoesn’tsmoke.Herfatherdoesn’tsmoke,either.Myfatherdoesn’tsmoke,andneither/nor

herfather.candoesn’t將下列句子補充完整。

Shewassokindthateveryonelikedher.

thateveryonelikedher.Sherunssoquicklythatnoonecancatchupwithher.

thatnoonecancatchupwithher.6.“so/such...that...”

結構中,“so/such+形/副/名”

位于句首。⑴主語+be+so+形容詞

+that...⑵

主語+實義動詞+so+副詞+that...SokindwassheSoquicklydoessherun(主倒從不倒)

Shewassuchakindgirlthateveryonelikedher.

thateveryonelikedher.⑶主語+be+such+名詞(短語)+that...Suchakindgirlwasshe7.If引導的虛擬條件句中，將should/were/had提到主語前并省略if。①IfIwereaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.

,Iwouldjointhearmy.②Iyouhadcomehereearlier,youwouldhavemether.

,youwouldhavemether.③Ifitshouldbesunnytomorow,Iwouldgofinishing.

,Iwouldgofinishing.WereIaboyHadyoucomehereearlierShoulditbesunnytomorrow8.as/though引導讓步狀語從句時,將作表語的名詞或形容詞放在句首。①As/Thoughtheclotheswasbeautiful,Ididn’tbuyit.

,Ididn’tbuyit.②As/Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.

,heknowsalot.部分倒裝：表語+As/Though+主