1、1. 體裁解讀議論文是針對某個問題或某個事件進行分析、評論，表明自己的觀點、立場、態度、看法和主張的一種文體。議論文三要素是論點、論據、論證。議論點表明作者對某一方面的問題所持的主張、觀點和態度。論據是用來證明論點的根據。它包括事實論據和理論論據。事實論據即通常所說的“擺事實”，如客觀存在的現實、發生的事件、確切的數字及案例等；而理論論據即通常所講的“講道理”，如原理、規則、法則、名人名言、經典著作等。論證如同一條線，把需要的論據圍繞著論點組織起來，貫穿在一起。2. 寫作攻略初中生在寫議論文時要首先考慮自己的觀點是什么，明確觀點后要圍繞觀點進行論證，最后再進行總結。議論文在寫作手法上以議論為主

2、，但有時也要運用說明、敘述、描寫等手法。初中議論文的寫作格式一般為三段式：開頭、主體和結尾。一般寫作步驟如下：第一步：確定主題，引出論點；第二步：通過擺事實、講道理來支持自己的觀點。所用的事實、原因、理由應緊密地同結論聯系在一起；第三步：得出結論。要簡明扼要、回扣全文。模板 觀點態度型（一）引出一種觀點many students think that _, because _ 闡述自己的觀點，并論證自己的觀點but as to me, i am not in favour of this point of view. i think, _, so _（我的看法）. first of all,

3、_（原因一）. secondly, _（原因二）. thirdly/most important of all, _（原因三）.總結自己的觀點all in all/in a word, i hold the opinion that _（總結觀點）. and i hope _（提出愿望）. 【模板范文】many students think that they do not need to learn engish, because they don't plan to go abroad.but as to me, i am not in favour of this point o

4、f view. i think that english is very important to us, so we should learn english well. first of all, in the opening times, if you want to do business with foreigners, you must use english because most of them speak and write in english. secondly, in the world today most books are written in english.

5、 if you know much english, you can read newspapers and magazines in english. most important of all, you can learn something more widely.all in all, i hold the opinion that we should learn english well. and i hope that all the students can use english freely.模板 觀點態度型（二）the topic of 主題 is becoming mor

6、e and more popular recently. there are two sides of opinions about it. some people say a is their favourite. they hold their view for the reason of 理由一 . whats more, 理由二 . moreover, 理由三 . while others think that b is a better choice in the following three reasons. first, 理由一 . second(besides), 理由二 .

7、 third(finally), 理由三 . from my point of view, i think 我的觀點 . the reason is that 原因 . as a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. for me, the former (later) is surely a wise choice.模板 說明利弊型介紹一種社會現象并引出論點nowadays, _ like to _（社會現象）. about this different people have different

8、 opinions. 總結自己的觀點闡述缺點并論證闡述優點并論證on the one hand, some people think _（優點一）. moreover _（優點二）. but every coin has two sides. firstly, _（缺點一）. besides, _（缺點二）.i think _（我的觀點）. 【模板范文】nowadays, many students like to make friends online. about this different people have different opinions.on the one hand,

9、some people think it's interesting to talk with friends online. so you will never feel lonely when you are alone. if you are lucky enough to make a friend from english speaking country, you can improve your english greatly. moreover, it's pretty cool to have several foreign friends. but ever

10、y coin has two sides. firstly, only a few people have made really good friends online. many people are cheated by the friends. besides, it is terrible for students to spend much time making friends and talking online.some people say making friends online is making trouble. i think there is something

11、 in what they say.模板 解決方法型闡述一種現象并具體說現狀in recent days, we have to face a problem: that is _（問題）. for example, some _（例一）; some _（例二）; some _（例三）and still some _（例四）.“我”的觀點以及對未來的憧憬提出解決方案faced with this, we should take a series of effective measures to deal with it. for one thing, we should _（解決方法一）. f

12、or another thing, we'd better _（解決方法二). because, we should _（解決方法三）.in my opinion, if _ , we will _. 【模板范文】in recent days, we have to face a problem: that is many students have bad eating habits. for example, some go to school without breakfast; some like to eat snacks; some always like to eat t

13、he same food; and still some eat or drink too much. all these habits are bad for our health.faced with this, we should take a series of effective measures to deal with it. for one thing, we should eat all kinds of healthy foods, such as rice, fish, meat, vegetables and fruit. for another thing, we&#

14、39;d better have meals at the right time. besides, we should not eat too much especially before we go to bed.in my opinion, if we have god eating habits, we will have good health. and we can study beer.1. 表示反對oppose v. 反對 be against. 反對be opposed to反對，不贊成 object to. 反對，對反感disagree with不同意；不一致on the

15、contrary反之，正相反2. 表示贊同support v. 支持stand by支持in favour of 有利于；贊成，支持 agree v. 同意3. 表示對比on one hand/side 一方面on the other hand/side 另一方面4. 表示遞進further more 進一步in addition此外besides 除此之外5. 表示順序last/finally adv. 最后first of all 首先what's more而且the last point 最后一點last but not least 最后但同樣重要的是6. 表示轉折yet adv

16、. 然而however adv. 可是，然而in all 總的說來in a word 簡而言之in short 總之8. 其他nowadays adv. 現在discussion n. 討論argument n. 爭論as follows 如下mental health 心理健康establish v. 創建limited adj. 有限的reduce stress減壓in the opening times在開放時代take a series of effective measures 采取一系列有效措施 【奪人眼球篇首句】1. nowadays, there is a wide-sprea

17、d concern over 現今，引起了人們的廣泛關注。2. nowadays, people are paying a lot more attention to 如今，人們把更多的注意力放在上。3. it is universally acknowledged that. 眾所周知的是4. it's commonly/generally believed that. 人們普遍認為5. recently, sb. has/there is a discussion about 近來，（某人）就展開了一次討論。6. generally, the advantages can be l

18、isted as follows. 大體上，有以下幾方面優點。7. recently, the students of my class had a discussion about whether grade two students should go to school in the evening. 近來，我們班針對二年級的學生是否應該夜間上課展開了討論。【亮點出彩篇中句】1. people have different opinions on this problem. 在這個問題上人們有不同的觀點。2. it has to be noticed that. 需要注意的是3. as

19、to me, i am not in favour of this point of view. 對我來說，我不贊成這種觀點。4. i hold an opinion that. 我認為5. ithink it harmful to. 我認為是有害的。6. there is no doubt that. 毫無疑問的是7. there is no denying that. 不可否認的是8. compared to/in comparison with., . are more. 與相比，更9. unlike a, b. 不像a一樣，b10. it's good/beneficial f

20、or sb.to do. 對某人來講做是有好處的/有益處的。11. what's more, everything has its own two sides. 而且，任何事情都有兩個方面。12. what calls for special attention is that. 需要特別注意的是13. further, we hold the opinion that. 還有，我們的意見是14. i can't agree with their opinions for the reasons below. 我不同意他們的觀點，原因如下。15. my argument/adv

21、ice for this problem goes as follows. 針對這一問題，我的觀點/建議如下。16. i can't entirely agree with the idea that. i believe. 我不能完全同意的觀點。我認為 17. they can ask their teachers and parents for advice on how to solve problems. 他們可以向他們的老師和家長尋求解決這些問題的建議18. however, unlike the former students, some others think they

22、 should have their own time to study. 然而，與前面這些學生觀點不同的其他一些學生認為，他們應該擁有自己的學習時間。19. there is no doubt that it is harmful if a person works without rest. 毫無疑問一個人只工作不休息的話是有害的。20. just as the saying goes, a smile can make you ten years younger. 正如俗語所講：笑一笑，十年少。【韻味無窮結尾句】1. from above, we can predict that 從以上

23、情況，我們可以預測2. i will conclude by saying. 總結一下就是說3. therefore, we have the reason to believe that. 因此，我們有理由相信4. as a student, we should face all the possible difficulties in our life positively. 作為學生，我們應該樂觀地面對生活中所有可能存在的困難。5. i agree with the later. i think we should develop our own self-study habit. 我同

24、意后者。我認為我們應該培養自主學習的習慣。6. from my point of view, our life would be better if we learned how to reduce stress. 我認為，如果我們學會了如何減壓，我們的生活會更好。（一）【2019 廣西河池市】“人生沒有彩排，生命沒有重來”，你平安、健康、快樂地成長是父母最大的心愿。今年6月下旬學校將舉辦一場以“keep away from the danger!” 為主題的英文演講比賽。假如你是王雷同學，大家推選你參加這次比賽。請跟進以下思維導圖提示，寫一篇英文演講稿。寫作提示：寫作要求：1. 不得使用真實

25、姓名和學校名；2. 所有的提示詞都須用上，包含以上所有要點，可適當增加細節，使內容充實，行文連貫：3. 字跡工整，語言精練，表達準確，條理清楚：4. 詞數100詞左右。(演講稿的開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。)keep away from the danger!hello! everyone, im wang lei. the danger is around us. so we must learn how to keep away from the danger, first, we mustnt go swimming without our parents or teachers p

26、ermission._in a word, we must try our best to keep away from the danger!thats all. thank you for listening!【寫作思路】這篇作文要求我們以keep away from the danger為題，寫一篇演講稿。審題可知，題目中利用思維導圖的形式，列舉了這篇文章中應該包括的幾個要點。觀察這個思維導圖可知，短文應該從游泳、交通、交友、飲食、學校安全以及毒品等六個方面進行敘述，每個方面都給出了一些提示詞，學生們可以利用這些提示詞來組織語言，用完整的句子表達出來。文章應使用一般現在時、第一人稱為主來

27、敘述。寫作時應注意：首先題目中給出的所有提示詞以及要點都應包括在內，不要有所遺漏。可以根據表達需要進行拓展，使文章內容更加充實。但應注意拓展內容應與文章主題緊密相連，不要寫沒有用的東西。其次應注意英語的表達習慣和漢語是不同的，不要根據漢語思維逐詞翻譯，寫漢語式的英語。應從句式的正確結構出發，選擇適當的單詞、短語和句型。句式結構可以簡單句為基礎，穿插并列句、復合句以及其他復雜結構，提升文章檔次。同時語句之間應使用一些銜接成分，注意敘述的層次性，條理清楚，行為連貫。【參考范文】keep away from the danger!hello! everyone, im wang lei. the d

28、anger is around us. so we must learn how to keep away from the danger. first, we mustnt go swimming without our parents or teachers permission. when we go swimming, we must wear life jackets. second, we must obey the traffic rules. we should walk on the pavement. when we cross the street, we mustnt

29、look at the mobile phones. third, we may have some friends on line, but we mustnt believe whatever they say. besides, dont meet online friends alone. fourth, we must wash our hands before having meals. dont eat food that goes bad because it is bad for our health. fifth, when we are in school, we can

30、t run on the hallways. you should get on well with your classmates and dont fight with them. if someone threatens you, call for help. last but not the least, never try drugs. if you see someone selling drugs, call 110 at once.in a word, we must try our best to keep away from the danger!thats all. th

31、ank you for listening!【名師點評】這是一篇優秀的作文，短文作者根據題目要求，給我們介紹了生活中應如何遠離危險，保證我們的安全。短文有以下幾個優點：首先文章內容完整，包含了題目中要求的所有內容，提示詞都使用上了。文章中從六個方面進行了具體的介紹，每個方面前都有表示順序的詞first, second last but not least等，使文章的結構非常清晰，敘述有條理。其次短文中使用了正確的時態和人稱，語法規范。句式結構完整，符合英語的表達習慣。文章中使用了簡單句、賓語從句、狀語從句、定語從句、祈使句等結構，句式多變，表達準確、清楚。文章中使用了一些較好的短語和句型，如w

32、hen we cross the street, we mustn't look at the mobile phones、third, we may have some friends on line, but we mustn't believe whatever they say、fourth, we must wash our hands before having meals.、you should get on well with your classmates and don't fight with them.、if someone threatens

33、you, call for help.、last but not the least, never try drugs. if you see someone selling drugs, call 110 at once.等。（二）【2019 黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市】初中生活，精彩紛呈。回首過去你是否感到充實和快樂，展望未來你是否對高中生活充滿期待，請結合以下提示談談你的感悟。提示：1. 初中階段你有哪些收獲； 2. 初中階段你有哪些遺憾或未實現的愿望； 3. 你對未來的高中生活有哪些計劃或打算。要求：1. 80-100詞，首句已給出，不計入總詞數； 2. 字跡工整，語言流暢，表達準確，邏輯清晰

34、。the life of my junior high school is coming to an end. _【寫作思路】這是一篇提綱類作文，初中生活，精彩紛呈。回首過去你是否感到充實和快樂，展望未來你是否對高中生活充滿期待，請結合以下提示談談你的感悟，動筆前應先認真閱讀材料，圍繞所給材料組織內容，確定主要短語，句式等問題。通過閱讀材料可知這篇短文主要使用的人稱就是第一人稱，時態為一般現在時態，這方面需要注意的問題比較少。動筆前可以按照材料內容列出簡單提綱，寫出關鍵單詞。寫作中注意語義通順，符合邏輯關系。上下文之間可以適當使用連接詞【參考范文】the life of my junior h

35、igh school is coming to an end. since i came to the junior high school, ive gained confidence and happiness. with the help of our teachers, ive learned how to be a good person as well as plenty of knowledge. ive also made some good friends.however, there is still something that i feel sorry about. b

36、ecause i was busy with my schoolwork, i couldnt keep on reading. once in a while, i felt so upset and anxious that i quarreled with my parents.in the future, ill try to make good use of time and spend more free time reading books. meanwhile, ill get on well with my parents. i believe ill have a happ

37、y and colorful life.【名師點評】這篇短文不使用了大量的短語，可見該生英語功底扎實。.如with the help of our teachers, ive learned how to be a good person as well as plenty of knowledge. ive also made some good friends.等使文章的表達更豐富，更有邏輯性，更富有條理。（三）【2019 湖南省湘潭市】哈佛大學的一項研究表明，愛做家務的孩子更容易體驗到幸福感，更有前途請你以"help with some housework"為題寫一篇

38、8o詞左右的英語短文，描述你平時所做的家務以及你對做家務的看法參考詞匯：chorestake out the rubbish sweep the floorwash the clothes do the disheswater the flowers cook breakfast/lunch opinionspros：develop our independence take care of ourselvescons：a waste of time no need to 注意：文中不得出現真實的校名和人名help with some houseworkit is reported that

39、children who love doing chores have a better future and are easy to feel happy as for me， i _【參考范文】help with some houseworkit is reported that children who love doing chores have a better future and are easy to feel happy as for me， i often help them do housework i take out the rubbish away and swee

40、p the floor in the morning i help my mother cook the lunchi always wash clothes and do the dishesfor my family my parents are very happy besides， watering the flowers is also my duty i like them very much and take good care of them after supper， i always wash dishes（平時所作家務）i think it can develop our

41、 independence and take good care of ourselves【高分句型一】 in a word， the more housework i do， the happier my parents will be（家務的看法）【高分句型二】（四）【2019 遼寧省本溪市】每年十月份，越來越多的游客來本溪賞楓葉請你根據以下提示，說說如何給游客可留下"景美人更美"的好印象，從自身做起，做文明本溪人！提示詞：beautiful views美麗的景色要求：1語意連貫，層次清晰，書寫規范2文中不得出現真實姓名與校名3 短文開頭已給出，不計入總詞數how to

42、 be a polite citizenbenxi is a good place to watch maple leaves （楓葉） in october_【參考范文】how to be a polite citizenbenxi is a good place to watch maple leaves （楓葉） in octoberlet's leave the visitors a good impression not only for the beautiful views ，but also as a benxi citizenhow to be a polite ci

43、tizen？（開篇點明題意）first， we must be friendlyuse"please，ok，welcome" with smile when you talk with visitors besides， we should be ready to help others（高分句型一）try to be a helpful person if visitors need us，we should help themwhat's more， we should follow the rules for example，we mustn't st

44、ep on the grass or pick flowers we mustn't drop litter carelesslyat last ，we also need to behave well in publicwe stand for our city benxi in publicso it needs our good manners（從四個方面展開對成為文明市民的論述）why not do as above points？let's try our best to be a polite citizen（高分句型二）（結尾倡議大家成為文明市民）（五）【2019

45、 浙江省紹興市】學校是否有必要設立“無作業日”？對此，你在班中進行了調查。請你根據下表內容寫一篇短文在英語課上交流，并闡述你的觀點和理由。 opinionsreasonsmost studentsyeshave free timefeel relaxedsome studentsnowaste timeget bad gradesi注意：短文必須包括表中所有內容，可適當增加細節； 詞數：80-100； 短文首句僅供選擇使用，不計入總詞數。參考詞匯：無作業日 homework-free day短文首句：i've done a survey about whether it is nece

46、ssary to have homework-free day. here are the results._【寫作思路】這是一篇材料類作文。著重通過調查對“無作業日"學生的看法：贊成與反對及理由。主要以第三人稱和一般現在時。寫作中應適當使用連詞，做到上下文聯系緊密，符合邏切關系。【參考范文】i've done a survey about whether it is necessary to have homework-free day. here are the results. most students think it necessary to have homew

47、ork-free day so that they will have more free time to do what they like, such as reading their favorite books, going swimming and so on. they will also feel relaxed and join their friends in playing different games.some students, however, don't like it. they're afraid that they may waste time or even get bad grades. they prefer to do homework as usual.in my view, homework-free day will certainly help a lot. i can choose to watch some interesting english programs, which will help improve my listening and speaking skills.【名師點評】文章中使用了非常好的短語或句子會給文章增色。such as ，例如； homework-free d