第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁山東省濟南市2024-2025學年高三上學期期末學習質量檢測英語試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題）StanfordUniversityhasannouncedaspecialdistance-learningopportunityforoutstandinghighschoolanduniversitystudentsfromChinawiththecoursetitled“DesignThinkingintoAction:AdolescentPsychologicalandPhysicalHealth”.FallcoursedatesSeptember21toNovember23,2024.(Finaldeadlinetoapply:August31,2024.Early-birddeadline:June1,2024.)Applicationsareconsideredonarollingbasis.Tuition(學費)$4000(Early-bird:$3500).10%offfortwoormoresign-ups.WhattogainStudentswhosuccessfullycompletethecoursewillreceiveaCertificateofCompletionfromStanfordProgramonInternationalandCross-culturalEducation,StanfordUniversity.Studentswillalsogainpracticalandacademicskills.●10“virtualclasses”onlineinrealtimeonSaturdaymorningsat9:00Beijingtime;●Pre-recorded,university-levellecturesbyleadingscholarsfromStanfordUniversity;●Real-timediscussionsledbyguestlecturerstofamiliarizestudentswiththedynamicsofclassroomparticipationinStanfordUniversity;●Shortwritingassignmentstoimprovecriticalthinkingskills.Requirementsincluded:●Registrationingrades10,11,or12inahighschoolinChinawithoutstandingacademicexperience,orinyear1or2inauniversityinChina;●Abilitytoread,write,anddiscusscomplexideasinEnglish;●Acompleteapplicationincludingawrittenpersonalstatement,schoolreportandavailabilityforavirtualinterview;●Useofapersonalcomputer,camera,microphone,andreliableaccesstoabroadbandInternetconnection.Admissiontothisprogramiscompetitive;upto30outstandingstudentswillbeaccepted.1．Whatisthepaymentfortwoearly-birdapplicants?A．$3500. B．$4000. C．$6300. D．$7000.2．Whatdoesthecourseoffertostudents?A．DiscussionswithStanfordstudents. B．Professionalinstructionsinwriting.C．10classesintheStandfordcampus. D．Somerecordedlecturesbyexperts.3．Whatisamustforapplicants?A．AgoodgraspofEnglish. B．Arecommendationletter.C．Experienceininterviews. D．Completionofhighschool.Despitebeingbornwithouthands,12-year-oldAubreySauviehasneverletlimitationsholdherback.Frommasteringmartialarts(武術)toexpressingherselfthroughart,sheadvancesbravelyinaworldthatoftenprioritizesphysicalability.However,herpassionfordrummingpresentedaspecialbarrier:howcouldsheholdthedrumstickswithoutslippingout?AwareofAubrey’sproblem,herbanddirectorproposedherforTechEngineeringforKids,aprogramwhichisrunthroughajunior-levelengineeringcourseoftheTennesseeTechUniversity.Itinvolvesstudentsworkinginteamstodesignaformofcustomassistivetechnologyforchildrenwithspecialneeds.Uptonow,theyhavecreatedtoysanddevicesforchildrenwithsensorydisorder.LearningaboutAubrey’sstory,ateamoftenengineeringstudentsoftheprogramdecidedtocreate3D-printedprostheses(義肢)specificallydesignedfordrumming.TheywouldsendacertaindesigntoAubrey,whowouldthenprovidefeedback,like“Ithinkthisisgood,butit'salittlebitlong.Coulditbeshortened?’or“It’salittlebithotonmyarm.Couldyoupotentially,like,makeitalittlebitmorebreathable?”Theteamcreatedaboutsixiterationsoftheprosthesesuntiltheyweresatisfiedwiththefinalproduct,whichwasnotonlyhard-wearingbutalsoflexible,allowingfordrumstickattachmentsonbotharms.Thisinnovationnotonlyimprovedsoundqualitybutalsoprovidedtheflexibilityneededforadvanceddrummingtechniques.Aubreywasverygratefulforthistechnicalsolution.“IwasreallyexcitedthatIwasgoingtobeabletousethenewprosthesesandtrythemout,”sheremarked.“Theyarebecomingaveryusefulandresourcefultooltohelpmewithmydrumming.”Withhernewfounddrummingfreedom,Aubreysetshersightsonmasteringafulldrumset.Meanwhile.TechEngineeringforKidsreadiesitselftoextenditsreach,bridgingthegapbetweenlimitationsandambitionsthroughtechnology.4．WhattroublesAubreyalot?A．Lackingpassionforsports. B．Owningnotalentformusic.C．Inaccessibilitytoexperttraining. D．Inabilitytooperateaninstrument.5．WhatisTechEngineeringforKidsintendedtodo?A．Offerengineeringcourses. B．Designsustainabledevices.C．Createpersonalizedadaptivetools. D．Improveoverallusers’experience.6．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“iterations”inParagraph3?A．Uses. B．Versions. C．Materials. D．Kinds.7．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A．Limitationbringsdownpeople’creativity.B．Ambitionfuelsthedesiresofthedisabled.C．Sciencebreaksdownthebarriersamongpeople.D．Technologyempowerspeopletopursuedreams.Robotsareseparatedintotwoparts:thebrainandthebody.AnAIbraincanhelprunthetrafficsystemofacity,butmanyrobotsstillstruggletoopenadoor—whyisthat?“Softwarehasadvancedrapidlyinrecentyears,buthardwarehasnotkeptup.Currently,allrobotsrelyonelectricityandsoftwaretofunction.Theroboticbraincomposedofsoftwaretranslatesinformationtothebodyorhardwarethroughanencoder(編碼器),whichthenperformsanaction,”saidDrAntonioForte,aseniorlecturerinengineeringatKing’sCollegeLondon.Toovercomethis,Forte’steamdevelopedacircuitbyintegratingliquid-basedcircuitswithanadjustablevalve(閥)placedwithinarobot’shardware.Thisvalveactslikeaswitchinanormalcircuitandengineerscansendsignalsdirectlytohardwareusingvariationsinpressurefromliquidinside,allowingtherobottoperformcomplextaskswithouttheneedforelectricityorinstructionfromthecentralbrain.Thisleadsrobotstofunctionindependentlyinchallengingenvironments,suchaslow-incomecountriesthatdonothavereliableaccesstoelectricity.Independentfromthesoftwarerunningit,theadvancedhardwaresystemcarriesthemajorityofcomputationalloadbyitself.Thisopensupthepossibilityofanewgenerationofrobots,whosebodiescouldoperateindependentlyoftheirbuilt-incontrolcenter,withthisspacepotentiallybeingusedinsteadformorecomplexAI-poweredsoftware,andconsequentlytheycanbemoreawareoftheirsocialcontext,whichprovidesforanewkindofroboticsinplaceslikesocialcareandmassproduction.“Ultimately,withoutinvestmentinsuchfieldrobotswillstayatacertainlevelafteraperiodofgrowth.Soon,ifwedonotoffloadthecomputationaltasksthatmodern-dayrobotstakeon,computingimprovementswillhavelittleimpactontheirperformance.Theworkisjustafirststeponthispath,butthefutureholdssmarterrobotswithsmarterbodies,”MostafaMousa,apost-graduateresearcheratKing’sCollegeLondon,commented.8．Whatisholdingbackthedevelopmentofrobotsnowadays?A．Backwardhardware. B．Highelectricitycost.C．Low-speedencoders. D．Complexcalculations.9．Howdoesthevalvefunctioninarobot?A．Ittranslatesinformation. B．Itadjustsliquidpressure.C．Itsendselectricalsignals. D．Itpowersrobots’brains.10．Whatsetsthenewgenerationofrobotsapartfromothers?A．Autonomywithadaptability. B．Resistancetophysicaldamage.C．Understandingofusers’likes. D．Capabilitytocontrolsoftwares.11．WhatdoesMousathinkoftheworkofForte’steam?A．Eventful. B．Doubtful. C．Promising. D．Dismissive.Assumeyouhavebeenofferedaonce-in-a-lifetimejobopportunityabroad,butitmeansleavingbehindyourpartnerwhocan’tfollowyou.Youstartwonderinghowtomakethewisestdecisionbetweenyourcareergoalsandyourcommitmenttotherelationship.Intoday’sworld,wherewefaceunexpectedchallenges,thepursuitforwisdomremainsasrelevantasever.Butwhatarethecriteriaforjudgingwisdom?Thisage-oldquestionhaspuzzledgreatmindsforcenturies.Anddotheyvaryaroundtheworld?Toanswerthesequestions,weconductedastudyasking2,707participantsfrom16culturestocompare10hypothetical(假想的)persons.Forexample,theparticipantscompared“ascientistwhogathersinformationaboutanimals”with“ateacherwhoeducateskidsabouthistory”.Theydecidedwhowasmorelikelytouseeffectivewaystodealwithcomplexsituationswhentryingtomakeadifficultchoice.Then,theyratedthewisdomofeachperson.Weanalyzedallthesecomparisonstoworkoutthehiddendimensionstheparticipantsrelieduponandcalculatedtheweighttheygavetothesedimensionswheninferringthewisdomofthesecharacters.Ourfindingsrevealedthatwhenpeoplemakejudgmentsaboutwisdom,theyessentiallylinkwisdomtotwokeydimensions—reflectiveorientation(反思性建構)andsocialemotionalawareness.Reflectiveorientationinvolveslogic,reason,controloveremotions,andtheapplicationofpastexperiences.Ontheotherhand,socialemotionalawarenessinvolvescaringforothers,activelistening,andtheabilitytoadapttocomplexsocialsituations.Thetwodimensionsarecloselyrelated,andpeoplethinkaboutbothofthemwhendeterminingwhethertolabelacharacteraswise.Wealsofoundasurprisingcommonalityinhowpeoplearoundtheworldperceivewisdominothers,withboththekeydimensionsreceivingasimilarweightingacrossallcultures.Thiscommonalityislikelyrootedinfundamentalhumanneeds:getaheadandgetalong.Theformerinvolvesrecognizingwhoiscompetenttomakethingshappen,whichisconsistentwithreflectiveorientation.Thelatterrequiresabilitiesrelatedtosocialemotionalawareness.12．WhatistheassumptioninParagraph1about?A．Makingachoice. B．Breakingapromise.C．Settingacareergoal. D．Keepingarelationship.13．Whatdidtheparticipantsdointhestudy?A．Theyevaluatedindividualwisdom. B．Theyanalyzedwisdomdimensions.C．Theycomparedreal-lifewisepersons. D．Theyaddressedchallengingsituations.14．Inwhichcaseissocialemotionalawarenessinvolved?A．Astudentinterpretsquestionstoaclassmate.B．Ascientistreachesconclusionsfromevidences.C．Abosschoosesagreenhandtoservekeycustomers.D．Ateachertakestimetolearnstudents’practicalneeds.15．Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A．Distinctionsofhumanneeds. B．Similarityinratingwisdom.C．Methodsofgainingwisdom. D．Interflowamongcultures.Luckcanreallyfeelrandom,anditcanbetoughtoknowhowtogetgoodluck.Someindividualsgetinatemporarydilemmawherethingsdon’tgoasplanned.Othersmaybeconvincedtheycan’tcatchabreak.16Itcanbeconsistentlyattractedthrougheffectivestrategies.Maintainingapositivemindsetallowsyoutodrawinluck.Whenyouexpectgoodthingstohappen,youaremorelikelytotakerisksthatcouldleadtofortunateoutcomes.Byembracingthispositiveattitude,youbecomestrongerinthefaceofchallenges.17Thisallowsyoutotryagainafterfailureandfindnewopportunities.18Awidernetworkleadstomoreopportunitiesinyourpursuitoffortune.AccordingtopsychologistRichardWiseman,theNo.Ipredictorofhowmanyluckybreaksspersonhasishowinterconnectedtheyarewithothers.Additionally,thepresenceofasupportivecommunityandfriendshipsfurtherenhancesyourchancesofexperiencinggoodfortune.Manyluckybreaksoccurasaresultofbold(大膽的)actions.Evenifyou’renottypicallyseenasbold,youcanstillenhanceyourconfidence.Forexample,ifyou’refeelingunhappyaboutyourcareerprospects,polishyourresume(簡歷)andapplytojoblistingsthatinterestyou.19Bywelcomingrisks,youcreateopportunitiesforlucktofindyou.Luckfavorsthosewhoarewillingtoconsidernewideas.Beingopentonewconceptscanhelpputyourgood-lucktrainonanewandfastertrack.Butremember:Stayrealistic.It’snotjustaboutthemindsetbuttheconsequentactionsthatwillbebeneficial.20A．Theseactionshelpgenerateideas.B．Youalsobouncebackmorequickly.C．Socialconnectionscanaffectyourluck.D．However,luckisnotjustamatterofchance.E．Actually,luckissomethingyou’rebornwith.F．Makingsuchamoveistoughbutwellworthit.G．Theyarevitaltoturningopportunitiesintogains.二、完形填空（本大題共1小題）Tome,myfather,FrankDriscoll,wasjustateacher,whoseldomspokeofhiswork.I21paidmuchattentiontohisprofession.Hewasalways22whenIneededhim,solikemostchildren.Itookhimforgranted.At65,heretired,andwhilewefrequentlytalkedaboutmyjobwerarelytoucheduponthe23ofhisteaching.Eveninhisfinaldays.Ididnot24himinconversationabouthiscareer.Atthefuneral(葬禮),Ilistenedasmyfather’sfriendssharedstoriesabouttheirtimetogetherandwhatmyfather25tothem.Ithennoticedsixyoungindividualslinedupto26theguestregistry.Initially,Iassumedtheyhad27arrivedatthewrongfuneral.I28themandpolitelyexplainedthatthiswasthe29forFrankDriscoII.Oneyoungwomantoldmetheyweremyfather’sstudentsadecadeagoandwishedtopaytheir30.Ihadneverexpectedmyfather’sstudentswouldcome.ThoughIwas31,Iinvitedthemintothewake.Theysharedhowmyfatherhadsignificantlyinfluencedtheirlives.Onemanrecalledhowmyfather32himtogetabettereducationasasafetynetinsteadofcoastingonhisathleticability.Hewasgratefullaterwhenhisathleticcareerdidn’t33asexpected.TheirstoriesaboutmyfatherdeeplyaffectedmeandInow34myfatherinanewlight.Iwillnolongerconsiderhimas“justa35”.Hetouchedthelivesofcountlessyoungindividualsandquietlytransformedtheirfutures.21．A．luckily B．openly C．often D．never22．A．busy B．content C．silent D．present23．A．reflection B．subject C．nature D．capacity24．A．engage B．monitor C．interrupt D．avoid25．A．promised B．meant C．lent D．assigned26．A．mark B．check C．copy D．sign27．A．publicly B．barely C．accidentally D．specially28．A．warned B．refused C．discovered D．approached29．A．wake B．celebration C．present D．comfort30．A．claims B．dues C．respects D．debts31．A．excited B．astonished C．confused D．relieved32．A．sponsored B．challenged C．convinced D．forced33．A．getthrough B．workout C．comeup D．breakoff34．A．perceive B．forgive C．remember D．introduce35．A．father B．friend C．coach D．teacher三、語法填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。AnexhibitionofChinesemural(壁畫)artmadeitsfirstappearanceoverseasattheUNESCOheadquartersinParis.Theexhibitionprovidedaplatform,36China,Franceandinternationalcommunitieshadadialogueonculturalheritageconservation.ThisexhibitionfeaturedtheextraordinarymuralsfromtheYonglePalace,which37(locate)inRuicheng.Shanxiprovince.ThepalacewasbuiltduringtheYuanDynasty(1271-1368),38(serve)asacenterofworship(祭祖)duringtheruleofEmperorYongle,39listedasanationalkeyculturalheritageconservationunitin1961.Inthisexhibition,hightechnologywasusedforreproductionanddisplaytoleteveryvisitorexperience40uniquecharmofthesemuralsupclose,whichnotonlyexhibited41(exception)artskillsbutalsoheldsignificantreferencevalueforthestudyofChinesethought,artandreligiousculture.The42(integrate)ofclassicalcultureandmoderntechnologyintheexhibitionbreathenewlifeintotraditionalartformsandmadethemaccessible43aglobalaudience.Withtheculturalimportanceofthesemurals44(highlight),theexhibitionsymbolizedthegrowinginterestinChina’srichculturalandreligiousheritageontheglobalstageand45(promote)betterunderstandingandcooperationbetweencountriesinamulticulturalcontext.四、書信寫作（本大題共1小題）46．假定你李華，你班將于本周日前往生態農業基地參觀。請寫一封郵件邀請外教Frank參加，內容包括：（1）寫信目的；（2）具體安排。注意：（1）寫作詞數應為80個左右；（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearFrank,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、書面表達（本大題共1小題）47．閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。ForJake,thejourneyfromhighschooltocollegehadneverseemedsochallenging.Therealworld—thecampuslifehehadheardsomuchabout,thedecisionsonwhattostudy,whatcareertopursue,andhowtofindhisplace—feltlikeaheavyweightonhischest.Hehadnocluewhathisfutureheld.Oneafternoon,Jake’smomsuggestedhespendsometimevolunteeringatthecommunitycenter.“Itmightbeagoodwaytotakeyourmindoffthings,”shesaid.Atfirst,heresisted.Volunteeringdidn'tsoundliketherightwaytoprepareforcollege.Heneededtofocusonhisfuture,notwastingtimehelpingothers.Buteventually,heagreedunwillingly.WhenJakefirstarrivedatthecenter,theatmospherefeltunfamiliarbutwarm.Itwasasmall,comfortablespacewithcolorfulwalls,artsupplies,andkidsplayinginthecorner.Hewasassignedtohelpwiththekids’artclass.Thefirstfewdayswereuneventful.Jakejustsatback,passingoutcrayons,organizingtheartsupplies,andoccasionallyofferingawordofencouragementtothekids.Butoneparticularday,agirlcaughthisattention.HernamewasLayla,andshewassittinginthecorner,quietlystaringdownatablankcanvas(畫布),withherhandswrappedtightlyaroundapaintbrush.Herbrushpausedabovethecanvasasifshewerewaitingforpermissiontomakethefirstmark.Jakehadnoexperiencewithartanddidn’tknowhowtoguideLayla.Butsomethingaboutherhesitationtouchedhisheart.Hewalkedovertoherandasked,“Hey,Layla,what'sgoingon?Whyaren'tyoupainting?”Shelookedupathimwithlargebrowneyes,thendownatherhands,whichwereholdingthepaintbrushtightlybutnotmoving.“I’mnotgoodatit,”shereplied.“Idon’tknowhowtomakeitlooklikewhat’sinmymind.”注意：1.續寫詞數應為150個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Jakesatbesideher,smiling.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________AsLayla’sconfidencegrew,Jakefeltashiftwithinhimself.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案【答案】1．C2．D3．A【分析】這是一篇應用文。斯坦福大學為中國優秀中學和大學生提供遠程課程，文章介紹課程時間、學費、收獲及申請要求。【解析】1．細節理解題。根據Tuition(學費)部分“$4000(Early-bird:$3500).10%offfortwoormoresign-ups.(4000美元（早鳥：3500美元）。兩次或兩次以上注冊可享受10%的折扣。)”可知，早鳥價每位3500美元，兩人及以上報名有10%的折扣。那么兩位早鳥價申請者需支付的費用為：3500*2*(1-10%)=6300美元。故選C項。2．細節理解題。根據Whattogain部分“Pre-recorded,university-levellecturesbyleadingscholarsfromStanfordUniversity;(斯坦福大學頂尖學者預先錄制的大學級講座；)”可知，該課程為學生提供一些專家錄制的講座。故選D項。3．細節理解題。根據Requirementsincluded部分“Abilitytoread,write,anddiscusscomplexideasinEnglish;(能夠用英語閱讀、寫作和討論復雜的想法；)”可知，申請者必須具備用英語閱讀、寫作和討論復雜觀點的能力，即要很好地掌握英語。故選A項。【答案】4．D5．C6．B7．D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述天生無手的奧布里熱愛打鼓卻握不住鼓槌，工程團隊為其設計3D假肢，助她逐夢，體現技術賦能夢想。【解析】4．細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句“However,herpassionfordrummingpresentedaspecialbarrier:howcouldsheholdthedrumstickswithoutslippingout?(然而，她對打鼓的熱情卻遇到了一個特殊的障礙：她怎樣才能握住鼓槌而不滑落呢？)”可知，奧布里困擾的是無法操作打鼓這一樂器。故選D項。5．細節理解題。根據第二段第二句“Itinvolvesstudentsworkinginteamstodesignaformofcustomassistivetechnologyforchildrenwithspecialneeds.(它讓學生們以團隊形式為有特殊需求的兒童設計一種定制的輔助技術。)”可知，“TechEngineeringforKids”旨在為有特殊需求的孩子設計個性化的適應性工具。故選C項。6．詞句猜測題。根據第三段第三句“Theteamcreatedaboutsixiterationsoftheprosthesesuntiltheyweresatisfiedwiththefinalproduct,whichwasnotonlyhard-wearingbutalsoflexible,allowingfordrumstickattachmentsonbotharms.(這個團隊制作了大約六個____的假肢，直到他們對最終產品感到滿意，這個最終產品不僅耐用而且靈活，能夠在兩只手臂上安裝鼓槌。)”以及前文提到奧布里會對設計給出反饋，如長度、透氣性等，可推知團隊是在不斷改進設計，這里指制作了六個不同“版本”的假肢，最后一個版本才靈活耐用，令人滿意。故選B項。7．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，12歲的奧布里天生沒有雙手，對打鼓的熱愛卻因無法握住鼓槌受阻，“TechEngineeringforKids”項目的學生團隊通過技術為她設計出合適的假肢，助力她追逐打鼓夢想，并根據最后一段最后一句“Meanwhile.TechEngineeringforKidsreadiesitselftoextenditsreach,bridgingthegapbetweenlimitationsandambitionsthroughtechnology.(與此同時，‘TechEngineeringforKids’準備擴大其影響力，通過技術彌合限制與抱負之間的差距。)”可知，文章主要講述了技術賦予人們追求夢想的力量。故選D項。【答案】8．A9．B10．A11．C【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了機器人的構成，導致發展受到阻礙的原因以及解決方案。【解析】8．細節理解題。根據第二段“Softwarehasadvancedrapidlyinrecentyears,buthardwarehasnotkeptup.Currently,allrobotsrelyonelectricityandsoftwaretofunction.(近年來，軟件發展迅速，但硬件卻沒有跟上。目前，所有的機器人都依靠電力和軟件來運作)”可知，硬件落后阻礙了機器人的發展。故選A。9．細節理解題。根據第三段“Thisvalveactslikeaswitchinanormalcircuitandengineerscansendsignalsdirectlytohardwareusingvariationsinpressurefromliquidinside,allowingtherobottoperformcomplextaskswithouttheneedforelectricityorinstructionfromthecentralbrain.(這個閥門的作用就像普通電路中的開關，工程師可以利用內部液體的壓力變化直接向硬件發送信號，使機器人無需電力或中央大腦的指令就能完成復雜的任務)”可知，閥門通過調節液體壓力在機器人中工作。故選B。10．細節理解題。根據倒數第二段“Thisopensupthepossibilityofanewgenerationofrobots,whosebodiescouldoperateindependentlyoftheirbuilt-incontrolcenter,withthisspacepotentiallybeingusedinsteadformorecomplexAI-poweredsoftware,andconsequentlytheycanbemoreawareoftheirsocialcontext,whichprovidesforanewkindofroboticsinplaceslikesocialcareandmassproduction.(這開啟了新一代機器人的可能性，它們的身體可以獨立于內置的控制中心運行，而這個空間可能會被用于更復雜的人工智能軟件，因此它們可以更了解自己的社會環境，這為社會護理和大規模生產等領域提供了一種新型機器人)”可知，新一代機器人與其他機器人的區別是具有適應性的自主性。故選A。11．推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Theworkisjustafirststeponthispath,butthefutureholdssmarterrobotswithsmarterbodies(這項工作只是這條道路上的第一步，但未來會有更智能的機器人，擁有更智能的身體)”可知，穆薩認為福特團隊的工作是有前途的。故選C。【答案】12．A13．A14．D15．B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項聚焦于智慧評判標準的研究，指出人們評判智慧主要基于反思取向和社會情感意識兩個維度，且不同文化在評判智慧上有相似性。【解析】12．細節理解題。根據第一段“Assumeyouhavebeenofferedaonce-in-a-lifetimejobopportunityabroad,butitmeansleavingbehindyourpartnerwhocan’tfollowyou.Youstartwonderinghowtomakethewisestdecisionbetweenyourcareergoalsandyourcommitmenttotherelationship.(假設你在國外得到了一個千載難逢的工作機會，但這意味著你要離開你的伴侶，因為他不能跟隨你。你開始思考如何在你的職業目標和你對這段關系的承諾之間做出最明智的決定)”可知，這里假設了在職業目標和對感情的承諾之間做出選擇的情境。故選A項。13．細節理解題。根據第二段中“Then,theyratedthewisdomofeachperson.(然后，他們給每個人的智慧打分)”可知，這項研究的參與者評估個人的智慧。故選A項。14．推理判斷題。根據第三段中“Ontheotherhand,socialemotionalawarenessinvolvescaringforothers,activelistening,andtheabilitytoadapttocomplexsocialsituations.(另一方面，社會情感意識包括關心他人、積極傾聽和適應復雜社會情境的能力)”可推知，“一位老師花時間了解學生的實際需求”體現了關心他人、積極傾聽的能力，符合社會情感意識的范疇。故選D項。15．主旨大意題。根據最后一段中“Wealsofoundasurprisingcommonalityinhowpeoplearoundtheworldperceivewisdominothers,withboththekeydimensionsreceivingasimilarweightingacrossallcultures.Thiscommonalityislikelyrootedinfundamentalhumanneeds:getaheadandgetalong.(我們還發現，在世界各地的人們如何看待他人的智慧方面，有一個驚人的共性，這兩個關鍵維度在所有文化中都得到了相似的權重。這種共性很可能根植于人類的基本需求：出人頭地，和睦相處)”可知，本段聚焦于各種文化在評估智慧方面的相似性。故選B項。【答案】16．D17．B18．C19．F20．G【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何通過有效策略吸引好運。【解析】16．上文“Luckcanreallyfeelrandom,anditcanbetoughtoknowhowtogetgoodluck.(運氣真的感覺很隨機，而且很難知道如何獲得好運)”提出運氣具有隨機性，且獲得好運很難。D選項“However,luckisnotjustamatterofchance.(然而，運氣不僅僅是偶然的問題)”與上文構成轉折關系，指出運氣并非僅僅是偶然，引出下文“Itcanbeconsistentlyattractedthrougheffectivestrategies.(它可以通過有效的策略持續地被吸引)”說明可以通過策略吸引好運。上下文語意銜接自然。故選D項。17．上文“Byembracingthispositiveattitude,youbecomestrongerinthefaceofchallenges.(通過擁抱這種積極的態度，你在面對挑戰時會變得更強)”說明積極態度能使人面對挑戰時更強。B選項“Youalsobouncebackmorequickly.(你也能更快地恢復)”承接上文，說明積極態度還能使人更快地從挫折中恢復過來，“also”表示并列的遞進，引出積極態度的另一個好處。故選B項。18．下文“Awidernetworkleadstomoreopportunitiesinyourpursuitoffortune.(更廣泛的社交網絡會在你追求好運的過程中帶來更多的機會)”說明社交網絡對追求好運的重要性。C選項“Socialconnectionscanaffectyourluck.(社交關系會影響你的運氣)”引出下文，說明社交關系對運氣的影響，即更廣泛的社交網絡能帶來更多機會。故選C項。19．上文“Evenifyou’renottypicallyseenasbold,youcanstillenhanceyourconfidence.Forexample,ifyou’refeelingunhappyaboutyourcareerprospects,polishyourresumeandapplytojoblistingsthatinterestyou.(即使你通常并不被認為是大膽的，你仍然可以增強你的自信心。例如，如果你對你的職業前景感到不滿意，那就打磨你的簡歷，申請你感興趣的工作職位)”建議要大膽行動，如打磨簡歷、申請感興趣的工作。F選項“Makingsuchamoveistoughbutwellworthit.(做出這樣的舉動是艱難的，但非常值得)”承接上文，說明大膽行動雖然艱難但值得，因為這樣做能創造機會讓好運找到你。故選F項。20．上文“It’snotjustaboutthemindsetbuttheconsequentactionsthatwillbebeneficial.(這不僅僅是心態問題，隨之而來的行動也將是有益的)”強調行動的重要性。G選項“Theyarevitaltoturningopportunitiesintogains.(它們對于將機會轉化為收獲至關重要)”承接上文，進一步說明行動對于將機會轉化為實際收獲的重要性，“They”指代上文“theconsequentactions”。故選G項。【答案】21．D22．D23．B24．A25．B26．D27．C28．D29．A30．C31．B32．C33．B34．A35．D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者曾忽視父親教師職業，葬禮上父親學生到來并分享往事，讓作者重新認識父親，不再只將其視為普通教師。【解析】21．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：對我來說，我的父親弗蘭克?德里斯科爾只是一名教師，他很少談及自己的工作。我從未過多關注他的職業。A.luckily幸運地；B.openly公開地；C.often經常；D.never從未。由上文“whoseldomspokeofhiswork”可知，父親很少談工作，所以作者從未過多關注父親的職業。故選D項。22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當我需要他的時候，他總是在我身邊，所以像大多數孩子一樣，我把這當作理所當然的事。A.busy忙碌的；B.content滿足的；C.silent沉默的；D.present在場的，存在的。由下文“whenIneededhim,solikemostchildren.Itookhimforgranted”可知，作者需要父親時，他總是在，所以作者才覺得理所當然，bepresent“在場”符合語境。故選D項。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：65歲時，他退休了，雖然我們經常談論我的工作，但很少觸及他的教學科目。A.reflection反射，沉思；B.subject主題，科目；C.nature本質，自然；D.capacity能力，容量。由上文“wefrequentlytalkedaboutmyjobwerarelytouchedupon”以及語境可知，作者和父親常談自己的工作，卻很少談及父親教學科目。故選B項。24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：甚至在他最后的日子里，我也沒有讓他參與關于他職業生涯的談話。A.engage使參與，從事；B.monitor監控；C.interrupt打斷；D.avoid避免。由上文“werarelytoucheduponthe3ofhisteaching”可知，作者和父親很少談及父親的教學工作，所以此處指作者沒有讓父親參與關于他職業生涯的談話，engagesb.inconversation“使某人參與談話”，符合語境。故選A項。25．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在葬禮上，我聽著父親的朋友們分享他們在一起的時光，以及父親對他們來說意味著什么。A.promised承諾；B.meant意味著；C.lent借給；D.assigned分配，指派。由上文“myfather’sfriendssharedstoriesabouttheirtimetogether”以及語境可知，此處指父親對朋友們來說意味著什么。故選B項。26．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我注意到六個年輕人排隊在來賓登記簿上簽名。A.mark做記號；B.check檢查；C.copy復制；D.sign簽名。由下文“theguestregistry”和語境可知，是在來賓登記簿上簽名。故選D項。27．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，我以為他們不小心走錯了葬禮。A.publicly公開地；B.barely幾乎不；C.accidentally偶然地，不小心地；D.specially特別地。根由上文“Initially,Iassumed”及下文“arrivedatthewrongfuneral”可知，作者起初以為他們是不小心走錯了葬禮。故選C項。28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我走近他們，禮貌地解釋說這是弗蘭克?德里斯科爾的守靈儀式。A.warned警告；B.refused拒絕；C.discovered發現；D.approached靠近，走近。由下文“politelyexpl