石家莊二中高二年級(jí)期中模擬考英語(yǔ)（時(shí)間120分鐘，滿分150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題自的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASEASummerHighSchoolPrograms2022ScienceatSEAScienceatSEAisafour-weekprogramforrisinghighschooljuniorsandseniors,aswellasrecenthighschoolgraduates,whichfocusesonthecoastalandoffshoremarineenvironmentaroundCapeCod,Massachusetts.TheprogramincludesashorecomponentontheSEAcampusinWoodsHoleandaseacomponentaboardtheSailingSchoolVessel(SSV)CorwithCramer.July21—August13Expense:$4,000SEAQuestSEAQuestisatwo-weekprogramthatwelcomeshighschoolstudentsandrecentgraduates.Participantswillgainhands-onexperienceconductingfieldresearch,sailingatallship,andunderstandingofthecomplexitiesofcreatingandmanagingmarinereserves.Theyreturnhomewithabroadersenseoftheocean'simportancetoourplanetandtheneedtopreservethispreciousresourceforfuturegenerations.Lifehereisfast-paced.Nopriorsailingexperienceisnecessary.Strongdesiretolearnisrequired!July11—July22Expense:$3,200SEACapeThisthree-weeksummerprogramatSEAofferscurrenthighschoolstudentstheopportunitytostudythemarineenvironmentfromavarietyofperspectives:scientific,historical,andliterary.ParticipantsliveandstudyatourcampusinWoodsHole,Massachusetts.June27—July14Expense:$3,800SEAExpeditionThistwo-weeksummerprogramforhighschoolstudents,includinggraduatingseniors,iscenteredonlearningbydoing.SEAExpeditionisamultidisciplinaryexperiencethatwelcomesstudentstoparticipateineveryaspectofachallengingoffshoresailingandoceanographicexpedition,andoccursentirelyaboardtheSSVCorwithCramer.Lifeatseaisfast-pacedandtough.July5—July17Expense:$3,5001.Whichprogramlaststhelongest?A.ScienceatSEA. B.SEAQuest. C.SEACape. D.SEAExpedition.2.WhatisnecessaryforparticipantsinSEAQuest?A.Previousexperienceinsailing. B.Greateagernesstostudythesea.C.Abilitytoconductscientificexperiments. D.Knowledgeofsearesourcespreservation.3.WhatisspecialaboutSEAExpedition?A.Itoffersopportunitiesofsailing. B.Itentirelytakesplaceonaship.C.Itfeaturesmanyrelaxingactivities. D.Itallowsgraduatestoparticipatein.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)2022年SEA夏季高中項(xiàng)目。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ScienceatSEA部分中“July21—August13(7月21日至8月13日)”；SEAQuest部分中“July11—July22(7月11日至7月22日)”；SEACape部分中“June27—July14(6月27日至7月14日)”以及SEAExpedition部分中“July5—July17(7月5日至7月17日)”可知，ScienceatSEA持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)。故選A。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SEAQuest部分中“Strongdesiretolearnisrequired!(需要有強(qiáng)烈的學(xué)習(xí)欲望)”可知，參加SEA任務(wù)需要非常渴望研究海洋。故選B。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“SEAExpeditionisamultidisciplinaryexperiencethatwelcomesstudentstoparticipateineveryaspectofachallengingoffshoresailingandoceanographicexpedition,andoccursentirelyaboardtheSSVCorwithCramer.Lifeatseaisfast-pacedandtough.(SEA探險(xiǎn)是一個(gè)多學(xué)科的體驗(yàn)，歡迎學(xué)生參與一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的近海航行和海洋探險(xiǎn)的每一個(gè)方面，并完全發(fā)生在SSVCorwithCramer上。海上的生活節(jié)奏快而艱苦)”可知，SEAExpedition的特別之處是它完全發(fā)生在船上的。故選B。BDesperatetohelphis96-year-oldmothertospeakhermothertongueagain，KeithMcDermottmadeanappealonsocialmediaandwasmetwithafloodofkindresponses．Theoldlady，Ray，wasmovedtotearsaftertalkingonthephonewithoneoftheenthusiasticrespondentsinWelsh．RaymovedtoAmericaaftermeetingherhusbandwhenshewasonly18，hencewavinggoodbyetoherlifeinWales．ShecontinuedtospeakWelshwithhermum-keepingalittlebitofhome．Butshelostherbelovedmumfourdecadesagoandhadn'tspokenWelsheversince．Despitesufferingfromshort-termmemorylossandsometimesnotrememberingwhatshehasdonerecently，Ray'schildhoodmemoriesinWalesremainclear．“ShewantstoreturnbutIknow，givenherage，suchlong-distancetravelisoutofthequestion．”saidKeith，“Onceshementioned‘IwishIcouldspeakWelshagainbutIsupposeIneverwill．’ItwasthenthatIthoughtIshouldmakeherwishhappen．”SoKeith，70，postedonsocialmediaintheNewYorkWelshareaaskingforanyWelshspeakersthatcouldspeakWelshwithhismum．Andhewastouched，aswellasalittleshocked，toreceiveover30responseswithinhalfanhour．KeiththankedeveryoneandeventuallyaskedMelisatogivehismumaphonecall．“SpeakingwithMelisa，her（Ray's）Welshwasalittlerusty．AfewmoreWelshconversationsandIthinkshe'dbefluentagain，”addedKeith．“Whenyouhaveaparentintheirnineties，youwillfindyoutwohavesomethingincommon：you'rebothold，soIamverysympathetictomymother'sfeelingsoflonelinessandisolation（孤立）．I'mfeelingitmyself．”KeithhopestosetupmoreWelshphoneconversationsforhismumandMelisahaspromisedtosendRaysomeshortstoriesinWelshtoremindherofherlifeinWales．4.WhydidKeithpostamessageonsocialmedia？A.TogatherAmericanWelshspeakers．B.TohelphismumspeakWelshagain．C.Toslowdownhismum'smemoryloss．D.Totrackdownhisfamily'sWelshorigin．5.HowdidKeithfeelafterseeingtheresponses？A.Surprisedandmoved． B.Concernedandthankful．C.Sympatheticandexcited． D.Astonishedandisolated．6.Whatisconveyedinthestory？ASocialmediacontributetocloserfamilyties．B.Mothertonguemeansmorethanalanguage．C.Childhoodexperiencesshapeone'slaterlife．D.Onewillbemoresensitivewhengettingolder．7.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom？A.Acommunitynoticeboard．B.Ahealthmagazine．C.Alanguage-learningwebsite．D.Alocalnewspaper．【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一則新聞報(bào)道。這篇文章主要講了KeithMcDermott急切地想幫助96歲的母親再次說(shuō)母語(yǔ)，于是他在社交媒體上發(fā)出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回應(yīng)。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Desperatetohelphis96-year-oldmothertospeakhermothertongueagain，KeithMcDermottmadeanappealonsocialmediaandwasmetwithafloodofkindresponses．”（KeithMcDermott急切地想幫助96歲的母親再次說(shuō)母語(yǔ)，于是他在社交媒體上發(fā)出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回應(yīng)）可知Keith在社交媒體上發(fā)信息是想幫他媽媽再次說(shuō)威爾士語(yǔ)。故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“SoKeith，70，postedonsocialmediaintheNewYorkWelshareaaskingforanyWelshspeakersthatcouldspeakWelshwithhismum．Andhewastouched，aswellasalittleshocked，toreceiveover30responseswithinhalfanhour．”（因此，70歲的Keith在紐約威爾士地區(qū)的社交媒體上發(fā)帖，尋找能和他母親說(shuō)威爾士語(yǔ)的人。他被感動(dòng)了，也有點(diǎn)震驚，在半小時(shí)內(nèi)收到了30多份回復(fù)）可知Keith看到這些回應(yīng)后，感覺吃驚又感動(dòng)。故選A。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Whenyouhaveaparentintheirnineties，youwillfindyoutwohavesomethingincommon：you'rebothold，soIamverysympathetictomymother'sfeelingsoflonelinessandisolation（孤立）．I'mfeelingitmyself．”KeithhopestosetupmoreWelshphoneconversationsforhismumandMelisahaspromisedtosendRaysomeshortstoriesinWelshtoremindherofherlifeinWales．”（“當(dāng)你的父母都90多歲時(shí)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你們有一些共同之處：你們都老了，所以我非常同情我母親的孤獨(dú)和孤立的感覺。我自己也感覺到了。”Keith希望能為他的母親接通更多的威爾士語(yǔ)電話，Melisa答應(yīng)給Ray寄一些威爾士語(yǔ)短篇小說(shuō)，讓她回憶起在威爾士的生活）結(jié)合整篇文章內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要講了KeithMcDermott急切地想幫助96歲的母親再次說(shuō)母語(yǔ)，于是他在社交媒體上發(fā)出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回應(yīng)。由此傳達(dá)了這樣一個(gè)理念：母語(yǔ)不僅僅意味著一種語(yǔ)言，它是內(nèi)心深處的一種細(xì)膩溫暖的情感的體現(xiàn)。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)根據(jù)第一段“Desperatetohelphis96-year-oldmothertospeakhermothertongueagain，KeithMcDermottmadeanappealonsocialmediaandwasmetwithafloodofkindresponses．”（KeithMcDermott急切地想幫助96歲的母親再次說(shuō)母語(yǔ)，于是他在社交媒體上發(fā)出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回應(yīng)）結(jié)合整篇文章內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要講了KeithMcDermott急切地想幫助96歲的母親再次說(shuō)母語(yǔ)，于是他在社交媒體上發(fā)出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回應(yīng)。這是一則新聞報(bào)道，最可能出現(xiàn)在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患覉?bào)紙上。故選D。CThroughouthistory,manyspeciesofanimalshavebeenthreatenedwithextinction.WhenEuropeansfirstarrivedinNorthAmerica,morethan60millionbuffalo(水牛)livedonthecontinent.Yethuntingthebuffalowassopopularduringthe19thcenturythatby1900theanimal’spopulationhadfallentoabout400beforethegovernmentsteppedintoprotectthespecies.Insomecountriestoday,theelephantfacesasimilarchallenge,asillegalhunterskilltheanimalsfortheivoryintheirtusks.Yetnotallanimalswithcommercialvaluefacethisthreat(威脅).Thecow,forexample,isavaluablesourceoffood,butnooneworriesthatthecowwillsoonbeextinct.Whydoesthecommercialvalueofivorythreatentheelephant.whilethecommercialvalueofbeefprotectsthecow?Thereasonisthatelephantsareacommonresource,whilecowsareprivategoods.Elephantswanderfreelywithoutanyowners.Thehunterhasastrongmotivationtokillasmanyelephantsashecanfind.Becauseillegalhuntersarenumerous,eachhasonlyaslightmotivationtopreservetheelephantpopulation.Bycontrast,cattleliveonfarmsthatareprivatelyowned.Eachfarmermakesgreatefforttomaintainthecattlepopulationonhisfarmbecauseheharveststhebenefitoftheseefforts.Governmentshavetriedtosolvetheelephant’sproblemintwoways.Somecountries,suchasKenyaandUganda,havemadeitillegaltokillelephantsandselltheirivory.Yettheselawshavebeenhardtoputintoeffect,andelephantpopulationshavecontinuedtodwindle.Bycontrast,othercountries,suchasMalawiandNamibia,havemadeelephantsprivategoodsandallowedpeopletokillelephants,butonlythoseontheirownproperty.Withprivateownershipandtheprofitmotivenowonitsside,theAfricanelephantmightsomedaybeassafefromextinctionasthecow.TheancientGreekphilosopherAristotlepointedouttheproblemwithcommonresources:“Whatiscommontomanyistakenleastcareof,forallmenhavegreaterregardforwhatistheirownthanforwhattheypossessincommonwithothers.”8.Whydoestheauthormentionbuffaloinparagraph1?A.Tointroduceasimilarthreattoelephants.B.Toprovideanexampleofspeciesextinction.C.Toofferanexplanationforgovernmentpolicies.D.TopresentthestatisticsofthebuffaloinAmerica.9.Whydoelephantsfacethreatswhilecowsaresafe?A.TheyareunderdifferentlawprotectionB.TheyattractdifferentgroupsofhuntersC.TheycontaindifferentcommercialvalueD.Theyrepresentdifferentownershiptypes10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.BansonkillingelephantsforivoryB.Effectivelawsforelephantprotection.C.MethodsofmakingelephantsprivategoodsD.Governmentpoliciesontheelephant’sproblem11.WhatcanwelearnfromAristotle’swords?A.Peopleholdlittleregardforothers’propertyB.PeoplewanttoprofitfromcommonresourcesC.PeoplecaremoreabouttheirownpossessionD.Peopletendtotakewhattheyownforgranted【答案】8A9.D10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇議論文。文章通過(guò)談?wù)撟鳛楣操Y源的大象瀕臨滅絕，而作為私有財(cái)產(chǎn)的飼養(yǎng)牛卻能安全生存，說(shuō)明了人們對(duì)私有財(cái)產(chǎn)比公共資源更加關(guān)心的現(xiàn)象。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Yethuntingthebuffalowassopopularduringthe19thcenturythatby1900theanimal’spopulationhadfallentoabout400beforethegovernmentsteppedintoprotectthespecies.Insomecountriestoday,theelephantfacesasimilarchallenge,asillegalhunterskilltheanimalsfortheivoryintheirtusks.(然而，狩獵水牛在19世紀(jì)是如此流行，以至于到了1900年，野牛的數(shù)量已經(jīng)下降到大約400只，直到政府介入保護(hù)這個(gè)物種。今天在一些國(guó)家，大象也面臨著類似的挑戰(zhàn)，因?yàn)榉欠ú东C者為了獲取象牙而捕殺這種動(dòng)物。)”可知，作者之所以提到水牛，是為了介紹大象所面臨的類似威脅。故選A項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thereasonisthatelephantsareacommonresource,whilecowsareprivategoods.(原因是大象是一種公共資源，而牛是私人物品。)”和“Elephantswanderfreelywithoutanyowners.Thehunterhasastrongmotivationtokillasmanyelephantsashecanfind.(大象在沒有主人的情況下自由走動(dòng)。獵人有強(qiáng)烈的動(dòng)機(jī)去殺死盡可能多的大象。)”及“Bycontrast,cattleliveonfarmsthatareprivatelyowned.Eachfarmermakesgreatefforttomaintainthecattlepopulationonhisfarmbecauseheharveststhebenefitoftheseefforts.(相比之下，牛生活在私人擁有的農(nóng)場(chǎng)上。每個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)主都在努力維持農(nóng)場(chǎng)的牲畜數(shù)量，因?yàn)樗麄兪斋@了這些努力的成果。)”可知，之所以大象面臨威脅，而奶牛是安全的，是因?yàn)樗鼈兏髯源碇煌乃袡?quán)類型。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Governmentshavetriedtosolvetheelephant’sproblemintwoways.Somecountries,suchasKenyaandUganda,havemadeitillegaltokillelephantsandselltheirivory.(各國(guó)政府試圖通過(guò)兩種方式來(lái)解決大象的問(wèn)題。一些國(guó)家，如肯尼亞和烏干達(dá)，已經(jīng)將獵殺大象和出售象牙定為非法行為。)”以及“Bycontrast,othercountries,suchasMalawiandNamibia,havemadeelephantsprivategoodsandallowedpeopletokillelephants,butonlythoseontheirownproperty.(相比之下，其他國(guó)家，如馬拉維和納米比亞，則把大象當(dāng)作私人物品，允許人們獵殺大象，但僅限于在他們自己的領(lǐng)地上。)”可知，第四段通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明各國(guó)政府對(duì)大象的政策。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Aristotle所說(shuō)“Whatiscommontomanyistakenleastcareof,forallmenhavegreaterregardforwhatistheirownthanforwhattheypossessincommonwithothers.(對(duì)大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)共同的東西最不被重視，因?yàn)樗腥硕几P(guān)心自己的東西，而不是他們與他人共同擁有的東西。)”可以推知，人們更關(guān)心自己的財(cái)產(chǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。DIfsomeonecreatedaflyingmachinecapableoftrackingyoudownbylisteningforyourvoice,youmightbeterrified.Butwhatifyouweretrappedinruinsafteranaturaldisasterandfirstresponderscouldn’tlocateyou?Maybethenahuman-seekingdronewouldn’tbesuchaterribleidea.ThatconceptisthefocusforengineersatGermany’sFraunhoferFKIEInstitute,who’vebuiltadronetofindpeoplebydetectinghumanscreams.“Thehuman-seekingdronewouldbeidealforpost-disastersituations,suchasearthquakes,hurricanesandwildfires,”saidMacarenaVarela,oneoftheleadengineers.“Theycouldhoveroveranareathatrescuecrewshavedifficultygettingtoandlocateexactlywherepeoplemaybetrapped.”Locatingpeoplebysoundpresentsitsshareofchallenges.Anauditorysystemwouldneedtodistinguishhumancriesfromsoundsthatoftenhappeninnature,suchasanimalcallsandwind.Itmightalsoneedtorecognizepatternsassociatedwithkicking,clappingorotherwayspeopletrytogettheattentionofrescueteams.Engineerstookthosesituationsintoaccountwhenbuildingouttheirconceptdrone.Theyrecordedthemselvesscreaming,tappingandcreatingothernoisesthatmightbeasignofpeopleintrouble.Then,theyanalyzedeachsoundfrequencytofindcommonsignaturesandusedthosetotrainartificialintelligencesoftware.Theyalsoworkedtoremovethenoisecreatedbythedroneandotherenvironmentalsounds.Oncethesoftwarepartwascomplete,theteamplacedtinydigitalmicrophonesunderthedroneandusedsignalprocessingtechniquesthatenabledthemtotrackwherehumannoisesarecomingfrom.Themicrophonesalsoenhancedthevolumeandclarityofthespeech.Sofar,theyhaveconductedsuccessfulopenfieldexperiments,findingthatthedronecanestimateavictim’slocationwithinafewsecondsofpickingupsound.Next,theywouldliketoaddahigherfrequencymicrophonetoadronetoacquiremoreaudiosoundsignals.Theideaistopickupnoisesfromhundredsofmetersaway,Varelasaid.Intherealworld,victim’slocationdatamightonedaybesentwirelesslytoemergencycrewscarryingatablet.12.Whatistheadvantageofthehuman-seekingdrone?A.Itshighspeedofflying. B.Itslongworkinghours.C.Itsquickresponsetoscreams. D.Itseasyaccesstodisasterscene.13.Whatcantheauditorysystemdo?A.Recognizehumancries. B.Pickupsoundsfromfaraway.C.Sendvictim’slocationdatatoatablet. D.Improvethequalityofhumanscreams.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“signatures”inparagraph4referto?A.Effects. B.Symbols. C.Features. D.Situations.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AIEnablesDronestoGiveBetterPerformanceB.Human-seekingDronesReplaceRescueCrewsC.EngineersTeachDronestoHuntHumanScreamsD.RescuersUseDronestoLocateDisasterSurvivors【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了工程師制造了一種通過(guò)探測(cè)人的尖叫來(lái)尋找人的無(wú)人機(jī)，介紹了其優(yōu)勢(shì)以及工作原理等情況。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theycouldhoveroveranareathatrescuecrewshavedifficultygettingtoandlocateexactlywherepeoplemaybetrapped.(他們可以在救援人員難以到達(dá)的區(qū)域上空盤旋，并準(zhǔn)確定位人們可能被困的地方)”可知，這種尋人無(wú)人機(jī)的優(yōu)勢(shì)是比較容易進(jìn)入到災(zāi)難發(fā)生地。故選D。易錯(cuò)選項(xiàng)為C；在倒數(shù)第二段中“Sofar,theyhaveconductedsuccessfulopenfieldexperiments,findingthatthedronecanestimateavictim’slocationwithinafewsecondsofpickingupsound.(到目前為止，他們已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了成功的野外實(shí)驗(yàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)無(wú)人機(jī)可以在收到聲音的幾秒鐘內(nèi)估計(jì)出受害者的位置)”可知，無(wú)人機(jī)在收取到聲音之后可以快速做出反應(yīng)，而不是對(duì)所有尖叫聲都能做出反應(yīng)。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Anauditorysystemwouldneedtodistinguishhumancriesfromsoundsthatoftenhappeninnature,suchasanimalcallsandwind.(聽覺系統(tǒng)需要將人類的哭聲與自然界經(jīng)常發(fā)生的聲音（如動(dòng)物的叫聲和風(fēng)聲）區(qū)分開來(lái))”可知，聽覺系統(tǒng)能識(shí)別人的哭聲。故選A。【14題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Then,theyanalyzedeachsoundfrequencytofindcommon(然后，他們分析了每個(gè)聲音頻率，以找到共同點(diǎn))”以及后文“andusedthosetotrainartificialintelligencesoftware(并用這些來(lái)訓(xùn)練人工智能軟件)”可知，然后，他們分析每個(gè)聲音頻率，以找到共同的特征，并使用這些特征來(lái)訓(xùn)練人工智能軟件，故畫線詞意思是“特征”。A.Effects影響；B.Symbols象征；C.Features特征；D.Situations情況。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifsomeonecreatedaflyingmachinecapableoftrackingyoudownbylisteningforyourvoice,youmightbeterrified.Butwhatifyouweretrappedinruinsafteranaturaldisasterandfirstresponderscouldn'tlocateyou?Maybethenahuman-seekingdronewouldn'tbesuchaterribleidea.ThatconceptisthefocusforengineersatGermany’sFraunhoferFKIEInstitute,who'vebuiltadronetofindpeoplebydetectinghumanscreams.(如果有人發(fā)明了一種能通過(guò)傾聽你的聲音來(lái)追蹤你的飛行器，你可能會(huì)感到害怕。但如果你在一場(chǎng)自然災(zāi)害后被困在廢墟中，而急救人員無(wú)法找到你呢？也許到那時(shí)，人類搜索無(wú)人機(jī)就不會(huì)是一個(gè)糟糕的主意了。這個(gè)概念是德國(guó)弗勞恩霍夫FKIE研究所的工程師們關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)，他們已經(jīng)制造了一種通過(guò)探測(cè)人的尖叫來(lái)尋找人的無(wú)人機(jī))”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了工程師制造了一種通過(guò)探測(cè)人的尖叫來(lái)尋找人的無(wú)人機(jī)，介紹了其優(yōu)勢(shì)以及工作原理等情況。可知，C選項(xiàng)“工程師教無(wú)人機(jī)捕捉人類的尖叫聲”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Technologyisheretostay.___16___.However,theyareoftenunsureonhowtohelpchildrenusetechnologyresponsiblyandkeepabalancebetweenonlineandofflinetime.Herearesometips.HaveadevicecontractHavingadeviceusagecontractallowsparentsandchildrentoworkthroughwhatresponsibletechnologyusagelookslikeinyourfamilyandensurethateveryoneisaware.___17___.Kidsaremorelikelytomakesenseofthereasonsyouhaveforrestriction.___18___Althoughthistipseemslikecommonsense,itisoftendifficultduetothedemandofworkandtheexpectationofbeingconstantlyconnected.Byensuringyoubuildofflinetimeintoyourowndayandcommunicatethatwithyourchildren,theywillseethevalueandbenefits.Whetheryouarereadingabookorjusttakingawalk,lettingyourchildrenbeawareofyourofflineactionswillencouragethemtodothesame!Encouragenon-techactivitiesOnegreatwaytokeepkidsofftheirscreensistoensurethattheyhaveotheractivitiestofilltheirtime.___19___.Theseactivitiesarealsogreatwaystohelpchildrentodeveloptheirsocialskillsandconfidence.Tech-freefamilytimeOnceaweek,pencil-ina“tech-freefamilytime”inyourschedule.Itcanbeamealortrip.Tohelpincreasethesuccessofoutings,trydesigningspecialactivities,i.e.,goingtothebeachtobuildasandcastlethatlooksthesameasaphotoyouhavefoundonline.___20___A.ModelgoodtechnologyuseB.CommunicatewithchildrenC.AlittleextraplanninggoesalongwayD.ThecontractishelpfultothesettlementofconflictsE.ParentsareseeingmoretechnologyintheirhomesandjobsF.Also,draftingthecontracttogetherpromotesunderstandingG.Thiscancomeinavarietyofforms:soccer,fencingandmore【答案】16.E17.F18.A19.G20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者就家長(zhǎng)如何幫助孩子負(fù)責(zé)任地使用技術(shù)，并在在線和離線時(shí)間之間保持平衡，提了幾個(gè)建議。【16題詳解】本段小標(biāo)題“Technologyisheretostay.”提到了技術(shù)無(wú)處不在。下文中的“However,theyareoftenunsureonhowtohelpchildrenusetechnologyresponsiblyandkeepabalancebetweenonlineandofflinetime.(然而，他們往往不確定如何幫助孩子負(fù)責(zé)任地使用技術(shù)，并在在線和離線時(shí)間之間保持平衡)”提到家長(zhǎng)們不確定如何幫孩子，E選項(xiàng)“Parentsareseeingmoretechnologyintheirhomesandjobs(家長(zhǎng)們?cè)诩依锖凸ぷ魃峡吹礁嗟募夹g(shù))”和下文一致，并且“Parents”和下文中的“they”是一致的。故選E。【17題詳解】本段小標(biāo)題是“Haveadevicecontract(簽訂設(shè)備合同)”，上文“Havingadeviceusagecontractallowsparentsandchildrentoworkthroughwhatresponsibletechnologyusagelookslikeinyourfamilyandensurethateveryoneisaware.(簽訂設(shè)備使用合同可以讓父母和孩子了解家庭中負(fù)責(zé)任的技術(shù)使用情況，并確保每個(gè)人都知道)”是簽訂合同的好處之一。F選項(xiàng)“Also,draftingthecontracttogetherpromotesunderstanding(此外，共同起草合同可以促進(jìn)理解)”和上文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，意思上一致。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】下文中的“Byensuringyoubuildofflinetimeintoyourowndayandcommunicatethatwithyourchildren,theywillseethevalueandbenefits.Whetheryouarereadingabookorjusttakingawalk,lettingyourchildrenbeawareofyourofflineactionswillencouragethemtodothesame!(通過(guò)確保你將離線時(shí)間融入自己的一天，并與你的孩子溝通，他們將看到其價(jià)值和好處。無(wú)論你是在看書還是只是散步，讓你的孩子知道你的離線行為都會(huì)鼓勵(lì)他們也這么做！)”可知，本段是在說(shuō)父母給孩子展示技術(shù)在工作和生活中的應(yīng)用。A選項(xiàng)“Modelgoodtechnologyuse(示范良好的技術(shù)使用)”能概括本段，作為小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】本段小標(biāo)題是“Encouragenon-techactivities(鼓勵(lì)非科技活動(dòng))”，上文“Onegreatwaytokeepkidsofftheirscreensistoensurethattheyhaveotheractivitiestofilltheirtime.(讓孩子遠(yuǎn)離屏幕的一個(gè)好方法是確保他們有其他活動(dòng)來(lái)打發(fā)時(shí)間)”提到讓孩子遠(yuǎn)離屏幕的活動(dòng)，G選項(xiàng)“Thiscancomeinavarietyofforms:soccer,fencingandmore(這可以有多種形式：足球，擊劍和更多)”是一些具體的例子，意思和前文一致。故選G項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】本段小標(biāo)題是“Tech-freefamilytime(無(wú)科技家庭時(shí)間)”，前文“Tohelpincreasethesuccessofoutings,trydesigningspecialactivities,i.e.,goingtothebeachtobuildasandcastlethatlooksthesameasaphotoyouhavefoundonline.(為了提高郊游的成功率，可以嘗試設(shè)計(jì)一些特別的活動(dòng)，比如去海灘建造一座看起來(lái)和你在網(wǎng)上找到的照片一樣的沙堡)”是說(shuō)明在無(wú)科技家庭時(shí)間中父母的一些計(jì)劃安排。C選項(xiàng)“Alittleextraplanninggoesalongway(一點(diǎn)額外的計(jì)劃會(huì)大有幫助)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inthesportoftrackandfield,athletescompetenotonlywithoneanotherbutagainstthemselvestoachieveanewpersonalbest.Aimingto___21___hisownrecord,Cervenypushedhimselfhard.However,hislegscramped(抽筋)and___22___himwithonly200meterstogo.Determinedto___23___,Cervenyrosefromthegroundandcontinuedon,onlytofallagainafteranother50meters.___24___,hiscoachaskedCervenyifhewantedtostop.Hedidn't.Withgreat___25___Cervenypulledhimselfupandwitha(n)___26___pace,movedforwardforonefinalpush.___27___,itwasn'tenough.100metersfromthefinishline,hislegssimply___28___.Beforehiscoachcould___29___him,anotherrunner-Brandon-wasathissidetohelp.HisfirstattempttogetCervenyupfailed,buthe___30___toquittoo.Withasecondpull,Cervenywas___31___.Atameasuredjog,thetwocompletedthefinal100metersofthecourse,withCervenyholdingBrandonfor___32___BrandonevenmadesureCervenycrossedthefinishlinefirst,securinghis___33___afastertimeIntoday’s___34___worldinwhichtheemphasisinathleticsissooftenputonbreakingrecords,itwas___35___toseethatforanathletelikeBrandon,thevalueoftruesportsmanshipstillhadlegs.21.A.play B.beat C.check D.measure22.A.failed B.warned C.dragged D.raised23.A.rest B.win C.leave D.finish24.A.Relieved B.Exhausted C.Concerned D.Disappointed25.A.luck B.effort C.passion D.respect26.A.rapid B.relaxed C.unsteady D.impatient27.A.Normally B.Eventually C.Unbelievably D.Unfortunately28.A.gaveout B.brokeup C.felldown D.sloweddown29.A.guide B.reach C.serve D.blame30.A.refused B.hesitated C.regretted D.pretended31.A.inhishand B.outofbreath C.onhisfeet D.outofdanger32.A.direction B.support C.courage D.comfort33.A.assistant B.teammate C.follower D.opponent34.A.diverse B.well-developed C.competitive D.ever-changing35.A.urgent B.common C.confusing D.inspiring【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.C27.D28.A29.B30.A31.C32.B33.D34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講述了跑步運(yùn)動(dòng)員Cerveny在賽場(chǎng)上因腿抽筋導(dǎo)致腿部無(wú)力而兩次摔倒，另一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員Brandon經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)伸出援手，幫助了他。作者認(rèn)為在當(dāng)今這個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的世界，人們通常把重點(diǎn)放在打破紀(jì)錄上，看到像Brandon這樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，真正的體育精神的價(jià)值仍然存在，這是令人鼓舞的。21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了打破自己的記錄，Cerveny對(duì)自己要求很高。A.play播放；B.beat賽過(guò)，勝過(guò)；C.check檢查；D.measure措施。根據(jù)前一句“Inthesportoftrackandfield,athletescompetenotonlywithoneanotherbutagainstthemselvestoachieveanewpersonalbest.(在田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)中，運(yùn)動(dòng)員不僅相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，而且還要與自己競(jìng)爭(zhēng)以達(dá)到個(gè)人的最高水平。)”可知，Cerveny對(duì)自己要求很高，要與自己競(jìng)爭(zhēng)以達(dá)到最高水平，beatarecord，意為“打破紀(jì)錄”，此處指Cerveny打破自己過(guò)去創(chuàng)下的記錄。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的時(shí)候，他摔倒了。A.failed失敗；B.warned警告；C.dragged拖；D.raised舉起，提高。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)failsb意為“使某人失望；有負(fù)于某人；某人無(wú)能為力”，此處指Cerveny腿抽筋，無(wú)法支撐他，他摔倒了。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Cerveny下定決心要完成比賽，他從地面上爬起來(lái)，繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，但又爬了50米后又倒了下去。A.rest休息；B.win贏；C.leave離開；D.finish完成。根據(jù)本句中“rosefromthegroundandcontinuedon”可知，Cerveny還想往前，不能打破紀(jì)錄，但必須完成比賽。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的教練很擔(dān)心地問(wèn)他是否想停下來(lái)。A.Relieved解脫；B.Exhausted筋疲力盡；C.Concerned關(guān)心；D.Disappointed失望。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，自己隊(duì)的參賽選手身體出了狀況，教練肯定會(huì)擔(dān)心。Concerned符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起來(lái)，然后步履不穩(wěn)，向前做最后的沖刺。A.luck運(yùn)氣；B.effort努力；C.passion激情；D.respect尊重。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，Cerveny的腿抽筋，站著很費(fèi)力，短語(yǔ)withgreateffort，意為“吃力地，經(jīng)過(guò)巨大的努力”。故需B項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起來(lái)，然后步履不穩(wěn)，向前做最后沖刺。A.rapid快速；B.relaxed放松；C.unsteady不穩(wěn)定；D.impatient急躁。上文“Withgreat6Cervenypulledhimselfup(Cerveny吃力地使自己站起來(lái))”可知，Cerveny的腿抽筋了，站起來(lái)都很費(fèi)力，沖刺的話，腳步肯定不穩(wěn)定，踉踉蹌蹌的。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，這還不夠。A.Normally通常；B.Eventually最終；C.Unbelievably令人難以置信的；D.Unfortunately不幸地。根據(jù)下文“100metersfromthefinishline,hislegssimply8.(在離終點(diǎn)線100米的時(shí)候，他的雙腿已經(jīng)無(wú)力支撐。)”可知，Cerveny盡管努力了，但是離終點(diǎn)線還有一段距離，Unfortunately符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在離終點(diǎn)線100米的時(shí)候，他的雙腿已經(jīng)無(wú)力支撐。A.gaveout精疲力竭；B.brokeup分手，分解；C.felldown倒下；D.sloweddown減速。根據(jù)上文“However,hislegscramped(抽筋)and2himwithonly200meterstogo.(然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的時(shí)候，他摔倒了)”可知，Cerveny在還剩200米處腿抽筋的情況下，還往前跑了100米，可推知，此時(shí)此刻，他的雙腿已精疲力竭。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的教練還沒來(lái)得及趕到，另一個(gè)跑步者Brandon已經(jīng)在他身邊幫忙了。A.guide引導(dǎo)；B.reach到達(dá)；C.serve服務(wù)；D.blame責(zé)怪。根據(jù)后半句的athissidetohelp，可知，教練沒有Brandon跑得快，沒能第一時(shí)間到達(dá)倒下的Cerveny身邊。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他第一次把Cerveny拉起來(lái)的嘗試失敗了，但他也拒絕放棄。A.refused拒絕；B.hesitated猶豫；C.regretted后悔；D.pretended假裝。根據(jù)后一句“Withasecondpull,Cervenywas11.(又拉了一下，Cerveny站了起來(lái))”可知，盡管第一次沒有把Cerveny從地上拉起來(lái)，第二次成功了，故可推知，Brandon拒絕放棄。故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：又拉了一下，Cerveny站了起來(lái)。A.inhishand在他手里；B.outofbreath喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)；C.onhisfeet站起來(lái)；D.outofdanger危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，“Withasecondpull”,Brandon拉起了倒下的Cerveny，使他站起來(lái)。onhisfeet符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在Cerveny扶著Brandon作支撐，兩人緩慢地跑完了最后的100米。A.direction方向；B.support支持；C.courage勇氣；D.comfort安慰。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，腿部抽筋導(dǎo)致步履踉蹌的Cerveny還能跑完最后的一段距離，得到了Brandon的支撐。故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Brandon甚至確保Cerveny第一個(gè)沖過(guò)終點(diǎn)線，保證對(duì)手的速度更快一點(diǎn)。A.assistant助理；B.teammate隊(duì)友；C.follower跟隨者；D.opponent對(duì)手。根據(jù)上文“Aimingto1hisownrecord,Cervenypushedhimselfhard.(為了打破自己的記錄，Cerveny對(duì)自己要求很高。)”可知，Cerveny是一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，本想在這次比賽中打破自己的紀(jì)錄，在比賽中，他和Brandon為對(duì)手。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在當(dāng)今這個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的世界里，體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的重點(diǎn)經(jīng)常放在打破紀(jì)錄上，看到像Brandon這樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，真正的體育精神的價(jià)值仍然存在，這令人鼓舞。A.diverse多樣的；B.well-developed發(fā)展良好的；C.competitive競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的；D.ever-changing不斷變化。根據(jù)第一段的第一句“Inthesportoftrackandfield,athletescompetenotonlywithoneanotherbutagainstthemselvestoachieveanewpersonalbest.(在田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)中，運(yùn)動(dòng)員不僅相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，而且還要與自己競(jìng)爭(zhēng)以達(dá)到個(gè)人的最高水平)”可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)中，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)很激烈，可推知，整個(gè)世界也是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的，故選C項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在當(dāng)今這個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的世界里，體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的重點(diǎn)經(jīng)常放在打破紀(jì)錄上，看到像Brandon這樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，真正的體育精神的價(jià)值仍然存在，這令人鼓舞。A.urgent緊急的；B.common常見的；C.confusing困惑的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根據(jù)前文Brandon幫助Cerveny一起沖刺跑完最后100米可知，他們兩人體現(xiàn)出了真正的體育精神所在，令人鼓舞。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Whenwasthelasttimeyouvisitedamuseuminwhichalmosteverycollectioncouldbetouched?AmericanlawyerMitchDudekbuiltaprivatemuseum___36___visitorscanhavedirectcontactwithalltheexhibitsondisplayintheancientcityofSuzhou.Themuseum___37___(name)SixArtsbecauseitisaboutthesixsensesandstimu