［基礎(chǔ)鞏固］

單句語法填空

1.Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows,making(make)airconditioning

unnecessary.

2.Asisknowntousall,notallthepeoplearewillingtovoteforthepeoplewhoareeagerto

bethewinnersincompetitions.

3.Hespentfouryearsgettingadegree,onlytofind(find)therewerenojobsforgraduates.

4.Thereisnoconvincingexplanation(explain)oftheoverallstructureoftheuniverse.

5.Apartfromanoccasional(occasion)noisefromtheelephant'sstomach,theforestwas

silent.

6.Accordingtomyownunderstanding,agoodteacherisalsoagoodperformer(perform)in

class.

7.Localresidentshavereactedangrilytothenews.

8.Tomygreatentertainment(entertain),hepromisedtoentertainustoicecream.

9.Weareparticularly(particular)gratefultohimforhistimelyhelp.

10.Wefinallymanagedtomakethecustomersconvinced(convince)ofthequalityofthe

vehicle.

［能力提升］

I.閱讀理解

Itisnaturalthatchildrenarecuriousabouttheworldaroundthem.Forexample,theywantto

knowhowtheirheartsbeat(跳).Theywanttoknowwhytheoceanwatertastessalty.

Aschildrengrowup,theybecomecuriousaboutdifferentkindsofthings.Whentheyare

babies,theyareinterestedinthepartsoftheirbodiesandinthesmilesoftheirmothers.They

becomeinterestedinthephysicalworldaroundthem：theplants,theanimals,thesky.Later,they

becomeinterestedinthethingsthatpeoplehavemadewheels,bicycles,cars.Andwhenthey

areadults,theircuriositycontinues.Sometimesthiscuriosityleadstoacareer職業(yè))

inscience.

Scientistsspendtheirlivestryingtofindoutabouttheworld.Thosewhoworkwiththeearth

sciencesstudytheearth,theoceans,andthesky.Otherscientistswhostudylivingthingswork

withthebiologicalsciences.Athirdgroupofscientistsstudythephysicalsciences,e.g.physics,

chemistry.Thesescientistshavealreadydiscoveredalotaboutourworld.Forexample,theytellus

whyyourheartbeatsfastwhenyourun.Theysaythatwhenyouarequiet,yourheartnormally

beatssixty-fiveorseventy-fivetimesaminute.Yourheartisapump(泵)thatpumpsbloodto

allpartsofthebody.Thebloodcarriesoxygenandnutrition.Whenyourun,yourmuscles(肌

肉）workveryhardandusethenutritionthatthebloodcarriestothem.Themusclesneedoxygen,

too.Soyourbrainsendsasignaltotheheart.Thesignalmeansthatthemusclesneedmore

nutritionandoxygen.Thentheheartbeatsfastandsendsbloodquicklytothemuscles.ltmaybeat

90to140timesaminute.

Ofcourse,scientistscannotanswerallofourquestions.Ifweask,“Whydoestheocean

watertastesalty?”Scientistswillsaythatthesaltcomesfromrocks.Whenarockgetsveryhot

orverycold,itcracks（破裂）.Rainfallsintocracks.Therainthencarriesthesaltintotheearthand

intotherivers.Theriverscarrythesaltintotheocean.Butthenweask,“Whathappenstothesalt

intheocean?Theoceandoesnotgetsaltiereveryyear.^Scientistsarenotsureabouttheanswerto

thisquestion.

Weknowalotaboutourworld,buttherearestillmanyanswersthatwedonothave,andwe

arecurious.

［語篇導(dǎo)讀］本文是一篇關(guān)于好奇心的議論文。不同年齡段的人好奇心也不同，科學(xué)家們

不能解釋的事物就是好奇心的根源所在。

1.Scientistswhoworkwiththebiologicalsciencesstudy.

A.theearth,theoceansandthesky

B.man-madethings

C.plantsandanimals

D.oceanwater

解析：C［推理判斷題。由第三段第三句"Otherscientistswhostudylivingthingsworkwith

thebiologicalsciences”可知生物科學(xué)家研究動(dòng)植物，故答案為C項(xiàng)。］

2.Whenyourun,yourmusclesneed.

A.morenutritionandoxygen

B?moresignals

C.moresalt

D.water

解析：A［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中^Themusclesneedoxygen,too.Soyourbrainsendsa

signaltotheheart.Thesignalmeansthatthemusclesneedmorenutritionandoxygen”可知答案

為A項(xiàng)。］

3.Arockcracks.

A.inwetregions

B.indryregions

C.atveryhighorverylowtemperatures

D.whensaltywaterfallsin

解析：C［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段中“Whenarockgetsveryhotorverycold,it

cracks（破裂）可知答案為C項(xiàng)。］

4.Peoplearealwayscuriousbecause.

A.theycannotexplainmanythings

B.theyknownothingabouttheworld

C.theyknowlittleabouttheworld

D.theywanttobescientists

解析：A［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一句"Weknowalotaboutourworld,buttherearestillmany

answersthatwedonothave,andwearecurious.”可知答案為A項(xiàng)。］

II.完形填空

Whiletraveling,youmighthavestayedatahotelorafamilymember'shouse.Buthaveyou

everthoughtaboutstayinginastranger's1?

Thismightsound2,butit'sactuallyatrendthat*sbecomingpopulararoundtheworld,

includingChina.

Lodgingrental（借宿出租）companieslikeAirbnbarehelpingpeoplelookforcheapwaysto

3.Thiswebsiteallowspeopletorentouttheir4roomsorapartmentsasanalternativeto

5inover190countries.

CreatedbyyoungAmericanmenBrianChesky,JoeGebbiaandNathanBlecharczyk,Airbnb

isagoodexampleofa6economy.ThroughtheInternet,peopleshare7suchascars,

apartmentsand8theirexpertise.

9postinformationaboutthelocation,prices,descriptionsandpictures.Guestscangoto

the10andfindtheirfavoriteplacestostay.Users11theiropinionsontheirstaysothat

peopleknowwhetheraplaceisgoodornot.

AmaninNewYorknamedJonathanPowleyevenrentsouthis12for$22（140yuan）per

nightthroughAirbnb.Thisisno13car,Powleytookoutthecarseatsandchangedthe

14tomakeitlookmorewelcoming.Hekeepsitcleanandputsflowersiniteveryday.He

providessnacksandtellstravelerswheretheycangoandshower.

ButAirbnbdoeshavesome15.Sometimesyouenduplivingwithastrangeroritisnot

as16asitlookedlikeonline.17,hostssometimesgetmadwhentheygethomeandit'sa

complete18.

InChina,Airbnboperatesinfive19includingBeijingandShanghai.Thecountryhas

seenamajor20inAirbnbusersinthepastyear.

［語篇導(dǎo)讀J本文介紹了愛彼迎這一個(gè)民宿出租網(wǎng)站的相關(guān)信息，包括其運(yùn)營方式以及存

在的問題等。

1.A.officeB.camp

C.homeD.garden

解析：C［根據(jù)第三段中的rentouttheir4roomsorapartments可推斷出，此處指陌生

人的家里，故選C項(xiàng)。第一段意為：旅行時(shí)，你可能會(huì)住在酒店或親戚的家里，但你有沒

有想過住在一個(gè)陌生人的家里？］

2.A.greatB.amazing

C.dangerousD.strange

解析：D［great意為“偉大的"；amazing意為“驚人的“；dangerous意為“危險(xiǎn)的”；

strange意為“奇怪的”。根據(jù)語境可知，住在陌生人的家里聽起來可能有點(diǎn)奇怪，故選D

項(xiàng)。］

3.A.travelB.play

C.walkD.live

解析：A［根據(jù)本文首句uWhiletraveling,youmighthavestayedatahotelorafamily

member'shouse.可知，A項(xiàng)符合語境，句意為：像愛彼迎這樣的借宿出租公司正幫助人們

尋找便宜的旅行方式。］

4.A.newB.private

C.spareD.separate

解析：C［new意為“新的"；private意為“私人的；個(gè)人的“。spare意為“閑置的”；

separate意為“單獨(dú)的；分開的"。根據(jù)語境可知，閑置的房子可以出租給游客住宿，故C

項(xiàng)符合語境。］

5.A.shopsB.hotels

C.restaurantsD.homes

解析：B［根據(jù)上文可知，人們把多余的房間或公寓出租給旅客，這替代了酒店的功能，

故選B項(xiàng)。］

6.A.sharingB.different

C.freshD.commercial

解析：A［sharing意為“共享的"；different意為“不同的"；fresh意為“新鮮的”；

commercial意為“商業(yè)的“。根據(jù)后文的“ThroughtheInternet,peopleshare7such

ascars,”可知，愛彼迎是共享經(jīng)濟(jì)的一個(gè)很好的例子，故選A項(xiàng)。］

7.A.objectsB.rooms

C.resourcesD.experiences

解析：C［根據(jù)suchascars,apartments可推斷出，此處指的是資源。object意為“物體”；

room意為"房間"；resource意為"資源"；experience意為“經(jīng)歷"。故選C項(xiàng)。句意為

“通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)，人們共享他們的資源，如汽車、公寓，甚至是專業(yè)技能。”］

8.A.stillB.yet

C.alwaysD.even

解析：D［句意見上題解析。根據(jù)語境可知，人們可以通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)共享汽車，公寓和專業(yè)

技能，汽車和公寓是具體的，專業(yè)技能是抽象的，故此處表示遞進(jìn)。slill意為“仍然”：yet

意為“但是“；always意為“總是”；even意為“甚至”。故選D項(xiàng)。］

9.A.HostsB.Travelers

C.GuestsD.Sellers

解析：A［host意為“主人"；traveler意為"游客"；guest意為"客人"；seller意為“賣

方“。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，在網(wǎng)站上發(fā)布房子的位置、價(jià)格、描述和圖片的應(yīng)是房屋的主人。故

A項(xiàng)符合語境。］

10.A.companyB.website

C.hotelD.agent

解析：B［company意為“公司"；website意為“網(wǎng)站"；hotel意為"酒店"；agent

意為“代理人"o根據(jù)第三段第二句"Thiswebsiteallowspeopletorentouttheir...”可知，游客

應(yīng)該去網(wǎng)站找到他們最喜歡的地方，故選B項(xiàng)。］

11.A.showB.post

C.putD.deliver

解析：B［show意為"展示"；post意為“發(fā)布“；put意為“放置”；deliver意為“遞

送”。根據(jù)前文和常識(shí)可知，主人在網(wǎng)站上發(fā)布出租房屋的信息，游客住完以后應(yīng)該也是在

網(wǎng)站上給出評(píng)價(jià)，以讓大家知道一個(gè)地方是否是好住處，故選B項(xiàng)。］

12.A.expertiseB.carseats

C.apartmentD.taxi

解析：D［expertise意為"專業(yè)技能"；carseat意為“車座”；apartment意為“公寓”；

taxi意為“出租車”。根據(jù)下文的“Thisisno13car「可知.出租的是一輛汽車，故選D

項(xiàng)。］

13.A.ordinaryB.comfortable

C.terribleD.special

解析:A|ordinary意為“普通的"；comfortable意為“舒適的"；terrible意為“糟糕的”；

special意為“特殊的"。根據(jù)下文的“Powleytookoutthecarseatsandchangedthe14to

makeitlookmorewelcoming.Hekeepsitcleanandputsflowersiniteveryday.”可次口，車內(nèi)被改

造過，不是平常的車，故選A項(xiàng)。］

14.A.outsideB.inside

C.sizeD.shape

解析：B［根據(jù)語境可知，出租車主人拿出了座椅，所以應(yīng)該是改變了車內(nèi)的樣子，故選

B項(xiàng)。］

15.A.regulationsB-reasons

C.problemsD.advantages

解析：C［regulation意為“規(guī)則：管理“：reason意為"理由"；problem意為"問題"；

advantage意為“優(yōu)勢(shì)”。根據(jù)后文的hostssometimesgetmadwhentheygethome可知，有

時(shí)候會(huì)出現(xiàn)不愉快的情況，所以愛彼迎也存在一些問題，故選C項(xiàng)。］

16.A.niceB.cheap

C.badD.real

解析：A［根據(jù)hostssometimesgetmad可知，此處在介紹愛彼迎存在的問題，所以有時(shí)

和陌生人住在一起并不像網(wǎng)上看起來那么好。故