BookThreeUnit1MythsandLegendsTeachingAims:Inthisunitstudentsarerequiredto:gettoknowsomeusefulinformationconcerningthetopicofthereadingpassagesinthisunitandtoknowmoreaboutEnglishculture;dosomepreparationactivitiessuchasdiscussion,groupwork,etc.topracticetheirspokenskillandcommunicativeskills;graspsomenewwordsandtrytousethesewordswhichhelpthemtoenrichtheirvocabulary;4）readthein-classreadingpassageinalimitedtimeandgraspsomeexpressionsandgrammaticalpointsinthein-classreadingpassagetoimprovetheirreadingcomprehension;dosomepost-readingexercisesandsomeafter-classreadingtopracticewhattheyhavegottoknowinclasstoimprovetheirEnglishcomprehensiveskills.;translatesometypicalsentencesintoChineseorEnglishbyusingsomeexpressionslearnedinthereadingpassagestoacquiresometranslatingskillsandbettertheirtranslatingabilities.UsefulInformationInordertounderstandtheworldaroundthem,virtuallyallearlyculturesdevelopedmythsthatexplainedvariousaspectsoflifeandmysteriesofnature.Animals,plantsandpeoplebothimaginaryandrealwereoftenattributedwithspecialpowersthatgavethemaspiritualsignificance.InancientChina,forexample,thephoenix（鳳凰）,thedragon,theunicorn（獨角獸）andthetortoisewereregardedassacredcreaturesthatsymbolizedvariouscharacteristicsincludingwisdom,longevity,indestructibility（不可毀火）andpower.TheancientGreeksdevelopedacomplexsystemofmythsrelatedtohundredsofgodsandgoddessesthatweresaidtocontrolthefateofallmenandwomen.Whethermythsbecamepartofanestablishedreligionornot,theywerealwaysincorporatedintostoriesthatcouldbetoldandretoldascaptivatingexplanationsofnaturalandsupernaturalevents.Andassuchtheybecameculturaltreasuresthateducatedandunitedpeoplearoundcommonbeliefs.Althoughthelinebetweenmythandlegendisoftenblurred（變得模糊），mythstendtofocusonsuperhumananimalsandgods,whereaslegendsglorifyaherooragreateventandusuallycontainanelementoftruth.Likemyths,legendsbecamepopularstorieshandeddownfromgenerationtogenerationInallcultures,story-tellingwasawayoftransmittingbeliefs,customs,andmoralprinciplestopeopleofallageswhocoldneitherreadnorwrite.Story-tellingwasalsoanimportantformofentertainmentatthelevelofthefamilyandthevillage.Withtheadvent（appearance/coming）ofradioandtelevision,however,story-tellinghaveallbutdisappeared.Insteadofgatheringaroundanindividualcapableofrememberingallkindsofwonderfulandamusingtales,peoplenowprefertositinfrontofaTVset.Itismainlyintheirwrittenformthatwecanstillenjoytraditionalmyths,legends,fablesandfolktales.Inreadingstoriesfromdifferentcultures,wecandiscoversomeoftheuniversal（普遍的）characteristicsofhumankind.Thetrickster（騙子,惡作劇的精靈），forinstance,isaclever,deceitfulandgreedyindividualwhoinspiresadmirationbutwhomustbetaughtalesson.Insomeculturesheappearsasamonkey,inothersatortoiseoraraven（渡鴉）。Or,totakeanotherexample,folktalesfromallovertheworldhaveshownthatthekindestandmostcompassionate（結伴的,同伴的）personisnotnecessarilybeautiful.Irrespective（不芍慮,不問的,不顧的）oftheirorigin,traditionalstoriesoftenpresentuniversaltruthsinasimplebuteloquent（有說服カ的）way.ChineseFablesThreeatDuskandFouratDawnInthestateofSongtherewasamanwhowasveryfondofmonkeysandkeptalargenumberofthem.Hecouldunderstandthemonkeysandtheycouldunderstandhim.Inordertosatisfythemonkeys'demands,hereducedthefoodconsumptionofhisfamily.Afterawhilehisfamilydidnothaveenoughtoeat,sohewantedtolimitthefoodformonkeys.Buthewasafraidthemonkeyswouldnotsubmittohim.Soheplayedatrickonthem.“IfIgiveyouthreechestnutsinthemorningandfourintheevening,wouldthatbeenough?"hwaskedthemonkeys.Allthemonkeysroseupingreatanger.Afterashorttimehesaid,"IfIgivefourchestnutsinthemorningandthreeintheevening,wouldthatbeenough?"Allthemonkeyslayonthefloor,happyandsatisfiedwiththisproposal.HisSpearagainstHisShieldInthestateofChutherewasamanwhohadaspearandashieldforsale.Hewasloudinpraisesofhisshield."Myshieldissostrongthatnothingcanpierceitthrough."Healsosangpraisesofhisspear."Myspearissostrongthatitcanpiercethroughanything."“Whatwouldhappen,"hewasasked,"ifyourspearisusedtopierceyourshield?"Hewasunabletogiveananswer.Itisimpossibleforanimpenetrable（刺不穿的）shieldtocoexistwithaspearthatfindsnothingimpenetrable.ILPassage-ReadingActivitiesFinishingreadingthepassagewithin16minutes,andpointoutthemainideaofthepassage.Fillingtheblanksinthereadingcomprehensionexercises.LanguagePointstopreparesb./oneselftodosth./forsth.:toaccustomsb./oneselftosomenewidea,eventorcondition?Prepareyourselfforashock.?Hepreparedhimselftoacceptdefeat.>topreparefor:getormakeready/toputsth.inaconditionreadyforuseorforapurpose?Pleasepreparethetablefordinner.?Willyouhelpmepreparefortheparty?>tobepreparedtodosth./forsth.:tobewillingtodo?Howmuchareyoupreparedtopay??Theyarepreparedfortheworst.toescapeCone'snotice):tobeunnoticedorforgottenby?HowtheyescapeournoticeIcannotsay??Heisveryobservant(善于觀察的,留心的)；nothingescapeshisnotice.?Iamafraidyournameescapesme.>toescapesth/doing:avoid(asatedevil)?Henarrowly(onlyjust)escapeddeath/punishment.?Thereisnowaytoescapedoingthework.?Bytakingbackwayheescapedbeingseen.Atthe(very/mere)thought(ofsth):onthinking;justthinkingaboutsth想至リ…時:只要一想起…就e.g.Tearsfilledhereyesatthethoughtthatshemightneverseehimagain.Atthethoughtofseeingyouagain,Iwasdelighted.Theverythoughtofstrawberriesandcreammakesmymouthwater.>onsecondthoughts:afterfurtherconsideration經過再三思考OnsecondthoughtshedecidedtostayinEngland.OnsecondthoughtsIaminclinedtoagreewithyou.>togive(a)thoughttosth.:tothinkaboutbeforedeciding思考,想過Givethemattercarefulthought.Toolittlethoughthasbeengiventohisdifficultproblem.>(tobe)indeepthought/deepinthought在沉思中,沉思著Hesatthere,deepinthought.Hewasdeepinthought/indeepthought.Hewalkedslowlybacktowardsthesiteindeepthought.Well-meaning:well-intentioned善意的,好心的?Awell-meaningbuttactlessperson好心而不善應付之人?well-advised深思熟慮的?well-bred有教養的?well-foundedorwell-grounded有充分理由的?well-informed博學的,見識廣的?well-knowntomaketroublefore.g.Sheisalwaysmakingtroubleforherfriends.>toask/lookfortroubleWhatmadeyouwritesuchaletter?Itwasaskingtrouble.?tobeintrouble:tobeindifficulty?togetintotrouble?otrouble>totaketroubleover在...下功夫;做出努力?Youshouldtaketroubleoveryourwork.>totaketroubletodosth,羨心做…?Pleasetaketroubletoreadthecontractthoroughly.>tohavetrouble/difficultyindoingsth.?tofishintroubledwater渾水摸魚?Theylovetofishintroubledwater*.>totroubleone'sheadabout為...煩心?Marynevertroubleherheadaboutthesethings.?totroubleoneselfabout為…費事,為…擔心?Theyceasedtotroublethemselvesabouthim.?WhyshouldItroublemyselfabouthim?troublemakern.troublesomeadj.:causingtroubleoranxiety;annoying;difficulttohandle?IamafraidIamaskingyouanumberoftroublesomequestions.?Beingshortofmoneyisabittroublesomebutwe'lldowhatwecan.?Nevertroubletroubleuntiltroubletroublesyou.torestassured:tobecertain請放心Iassureyouthatthismedicinecannotharmyou.Heassuredusofhisabilitytowork.toreston/upon:dependon;bebasedon依晶,寄托在Onethingrestsonanotherifitdependsonit.Mywholeargumentrestsonthefactthatsheneverintendedtodoit.Hisfamerestsonhisplaysmorethanhisnovels.Ourhopesrestonyou.toreston/upon:toleanon;besupportedbyHerhandsrestedlightlyuponhisshoulder.Thebridgerestsonstoneaches.toreston:(ofsightortheeyes)tobedirectedon;fallonHiseyesrestedonthepeacefulvalleybelow.torestwith:tobetheresponsibilityof由…決定,得靠...Thechoicerestswithyou.Itrestswithyoutomakethedecision.Thefateoftheseprisonersrestswithjudge.tospeakfor:toexpressthethoughts,opinionsetc.ofapowergroupwithnoonetospeakforthemWhatothersthinkIdon'tknow;Icanonlyspeakformyself.Youspeakforotherpeoplewhenyouexpresstheiropinionforthem.tospeakfor:tobeawitnessof;saythingsabout;giveideaof替/給...講話,講話表示贊成Ihopeyouwillspeakforhim.Ishouldliketospeakfortheboybeforeyoupunishhim.tospeakforitself/themselves:toneednofurtherexplanation本身就說明問題?Somethingspeaksitselfifithasanobviousmeaningorsignificanceanddoesn'tneedtobeexplained.Thereisnoneedformetocommendhisaction:itspeaksforitself.Lookatthefactsanddecide:theyspeakforthemselves.Ihardlyneedtotellyouwhathashappened;thecircumstancesspeakforthemselves.tofillout:togetfatter?Thethinchildgraduallyfilledoutashegrewolder.?Hisfaceisbeginningtofillout.>tofillout:(AmeE):tofillin?Thepolicemanfilledoutareportoftheaccident.?AfterTompassedhisdrivingtesthefilledoutanapplicationforhisdriver'slicense.tochoosetodo:todecidetodo寧愿,偏要,決定…?Hechosenottogohomeuntillater.?Youchoosetodosomethingwhenyoudecidetodoit.?Ifyouchoosetoignoremywarning,I'mafraidIcan'tberesponsiblefortheconsequences.?Hechosetobecomeadoctor.?Youcanmakeitverydifficultformetospeaktoyouifyouchoosetomisunderstandme.?It'snotmybusiness;howshechoosestolive.?cannot(choose/help)butdo:mustdo?Icannot(help/choose)butadmitthetruthofyourremarks,althoughtheyaregoagainstmyinterests.?Wecouldnotbutweepatthebadnews.?Hecannotchoosebutobey.?Thereislittle(notmuch/nothing)tochoosebetween:theyareverymuchalike.大家ノ兩者不相上下?Whenyousaythatthereisnothingtochoosebetweentwoormorethingsyoumeanthatitisdifficulttodecidewhichisbetterbecausetheyareaboutthesame.?FrankandJulietarebothhighlysuitablecandidates;infact,thereisnotmuchtochoosebetweenthem.onanemptystomach?onafullstomach?Nobodycanworkonanemptystomach.?Itisdifficulttorunquicklyonafullstomach.?tohavethestomachforsth.?Ifyousayyouhavethestomachforsomethingunpleasant,youmeanyouhaveenoughcourageordeterminationtodoorfaceit.>tohavenostomachfor不喜歡,不贊成?Ihavenostomachfortheviolentmovies.?Ihavenostomachfortheheavyfood.Post-ReadingActivitiesFindingtheBestSummaryEkwefiistellingastoryaboutTortoise.Longlongago,therewasafamine,andthebirdsgotaninvitationfromtheskytoattendafeastthere.Tortoiselearnedaboutitandwithhissweettonguehepersuadedthebirdstotakehimwiththemandsoeachbirdlenthimafeather.Tortoisecunninglythoughtofanideathatenabledhimtohaveallthefoodbynaminghimself“Allofyou”.Whentheyreachedthesky,theyreceivedawarmwelcomeandsoonthefoodwaspresentedtothem.Thenheaskedoneofthepeopleinthesky,"Forwhomhaveyoupreparedallthisfeast?"Themanreplied"Forallofyou."Soheatealmostallthebestfood.Thebirdsbecameveryangryandtookbacktheirfeathersbeforeflyinghome.Withoutfeathers,hehadtojumpontothegroundandhisshellwasbrokenintopieces.QuestionsDoyouadmireTortoiseforhisclevernessordoyousympathizewithallthebirds?Idon'tadmireTortoise'scleverness.Hewasunwisetocheatallthebirds.Afterhismischief(傷害),howcouldhehavefacetolivetogetherwiththemanylonger?Hewouldhavenofriendsatall.Hewasclever,butatthesametimehewasalsostupid.Whenallthebirdsbecamesoangry,howcouldhehavetrustedParrot?Heshouldhavejumpedtheseatoavoidbeinghurt.Isympathizewiththebirds.TheytookTortoiseoutofkindness,butafterflyingsuchalongdistance,theyhadtoflybackhomeonanemptystomach.Theywereformallyinvited,butthefoodwaseatenbyTortoise.Ithinkthebirdswereveryunlucky.Whatdoyouthinkisthemoralofthestory?IlearnedfromthestorythatA）weshouldbehonest,andshouldn'tcheatothers.Ifwecheatothers,wewillbepunishedintheend;weshouldn'tbecarriedawaybysweetwords,likethebirds;aleopardcan'tchangeitsspots,norcanTortoise.Hewascunning,hecouldneverchangehispersonalityandbehavehimself.Whatisthemoralof"BeautyandtheBeast?”A.?一-Virtuewillberewarded.Forexample,Beautyisakind-heartedandpious（孝順的）girl.Shelovesherfather,andsheiswillingtosacrificeherselfforthefather.Finallysheisrewardedwithahappymarriage.Ontheotherhand,theevilsistersarepunishedbythefairy（小妖精,仙女）.TheybecometwostatuesbuthavetoobserveBeauty'shappinesspainfully.B.???Agoodheartismoreimportantthanappearance.AlthoughtheBeastisveryugly,helovesBeautyandhasakindheart.IntheendhewinstheheartofBeautyandthespell（咒語）isbrokenbyBeauty'slove.Whatisthemoralof"TheMonkeyKing"?A.——Nothingcanbegainedwithoutanyeffortorhardship.Ifyouwanttosucceedormakeachievements,youhavetofaceandovercomedifficulties,orevengreatdangers.Tangseng,Monkeyandothershadgonethrougheightyonegreatdangersorhardshipsbeforetheyobtainedtheauthentic（可靠的,可信的,權威的）versionoftheBuddha'steachings.B,一一Aperson'sstrength,skillsandjudgmentsaretheguaranteeofsuccess.WithoutMonkeyKing,Tangsengcouldn'thavefetchedtheBuddha'steachings.UnlikeTangseng'sotherfollowers,Monkeydevelopedhismartial（兀リ巾）artsandskillsandbecamesostrongthatalmostnoonecoulddefeathim.FurtherDevelopmentListasmanyconnectorsTimeandplace:after,before,during,lateron,meanwhile,next,first,second,earlier,immediately,soon,still,when,while,as,where,thenComparisonandcontrast:as...as,similarly,likewise,but,notso...as,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,incontrast,ratherthanAddition:and,inadditionto,furthermore,moreover,too,alsoCauseandeffect:because（of）,dueto（thefactthat）,asaresult,therefore,accordingly（因此,從而）,so,consequently（因而,所以）,thus,hence,since,as,owingtoPurpose:sothat,inorderto/that,soastoConditionandconcession:if,despite,although,though,eventhough,inspiteof,however,nevertheless,nonetheless（=nevertheless）,yet,allthesameSummaryandrestatement:inshort,inaword,inbrief,inconclusion,onthewhole,generally,altogether,inall,inthefinalanalysis,inotherwords,finallyOthers:notonly...butalso,either...or,neither...nor,so...that,such...that,soas...toWritingYouhavetalkedmuchaboutmyths,legendsandstoriesinthisunit.Nowwriteacomposition,whichcanbeamyth,alegendorastory.Remembertouseconnectorsandgiveavividnarration.Sample:StoporSlow?Asoneapproachessomecrossroads,onecomestoasignwhichsaysthatdrivershavetostopwhentheycometothemainroadahead.Atothercross-roads,drivershavetogoslowly,buttheydonotactuallyhavetostop(unless,ofcourse,thereissomethingcomingalongtheroad);andatstillothers,theydonothaveeithertostoportogoslowly,becausetheyarethemselvesonthemainroad.Mr.Williams,whowasalwaysaverycarefuldriver,wasdrivinghomefromworkoneeveningwhenhecametoacross-roads,Ithada"slow"sign,soheslowedwhenhecametothemainroad,lookedbothwaystoseethatnothingwascoming,adthendroveacrosswithoutstoppingcompletely.Atonceheheardapolicewhistle,sohepulledontothesideoftheroadandstopped.Apolicemanwalkedovertohimwithanotebookandpencilinhishandandsaid,"Youdidn'tstopatthatcrossing.""Butthesigntheredoesn'tsay'stop'",answeredMr.Williams."Itjustsays'slow',andIdidgoslowly."Thepolicemanlookedaroundhim,andalookofsurprisecameoverhisface.Thenheputhisnotebookandpencilaway,scratchedhisheadandsaid,"Well,I'llbeblowed(該死的)！Iaminthewrongstreet!"Unit2MannersTeachingAims:Inthisunitstudentsarerequiredto:gettoknowsomeusefulinformationconcerningthetopicofthereadingpassagesinthisunitandtoknowmoreaboutEnglishculture;dosomepreparationactivitiessuchasdiscussion,groupwork,etc.topracticetheirspokenskillandcommunicativeskills;graspsomenewwordsandtrytousethesewordswhichhelpthemtoenrichtheirvocabulary;4)readthein-classreadingpassageinalimitedtimeandgraspsomeexpressionsandgrammaticalpointsinthein-classreadingpassagetoimprovetheirreadingcomprehension;dosomepost-readingexercisesandsomeafter-classreadingtopracticewhattheyhavegottoknowinclasstoimprovetheirEnglishcomprehensiveskills.;translatesometypicalsentencesintoChineseorEnglishbyusingsomeexpressionslearnedinthereadingpassagestoacquiresometranslatingskillsandbettertheirtranslatingabilities.I.PreparationWhatWouldYouSay?Samples1) —Whatabeautifulring!Iloveit!--Well,Ilikeitverymuch,butIcan'tacceptitbecauseitistooexpensive.—Thankyouverymuch,butIcan'tacceptitbecauseI'mmarried.-Ilikethisring,butit'sgold-plated.Iwantarealgoldone.—Thisisanicering,butyoumeanmoretomethananythingelse.2)—Thankyouverymuch.Ihaveagiftforyou,too.—Ilikeitverymuch,butIlikeyoumore.-Ilikeitverymuch.Wouldyouputitonmyfinger?—Itisabeautifulgift.Itmusthavecostyouafortune.-Thankyouverymuch.Butyoureallyshouldn'thaveboughtsuchanexpensivegift.WhoseFaultIsIt?SamplesSituation1Aboutgratitudeandmodesty—Ithinkthatit'stheapplicant'sfault.Heistoomodest.IfIweretheapplicant,Iwouldsay:"Thankyouverymuch.Iwilldomybest."Modestyisnotapplicableinallsituations.IfIweretheapplicant,Iwillshowyouthatyouhavemadeawisedecision."Ithinkthatoneneedstobeconfidentinthistype〇fsituation.IfIweretheapplicant,Iwouldsaygoodbyeandtakemyleave.—Ithinkthatit'sthemanager'sfault.TheapplicantismostlikelyChineseandwhathedidisanexampleoftypicalChinesemodesty.ThemanagedoesnotseemtoknowmuchaboutChineseculture.IfIwerethemanager,Iwouldchangemymind.Situation2Aboutbeingembarrassed—Ithinkthatit'sZhang'sfault.Heshouldn'thaveeatenallthechicken.IfIwereinhissituation,Iwouldn'thavedoneso.IfIhadeatenallthechickenandrealizedtheproblem,IwouldhavetakentheboysoutforsomefriedchickenatMcDonald's.—Ithinkthatit'sMrs.Johnson'sfault.Sheshouldhavepreparedmore.—Ithinkthatit'stheboys'fault.Theyshouldhavebehavedthemselvesinthepresenceofaguest.—Ithinkthatit'snobody'sfault.Theboysweretooyoungtoknowhowtobehavewellinthepresenceofaguest,anditwasallrightforZhangtoeatupallthechickenafterbeinginvitedtodoso.AsforMrs.Johnson,shedidn'texpectZhangtoeatsomuchsinceitwasonlyasnack.Situation3Aboutsomeinkonone'sface—Ithinkthatit'sTom'sfault.Heshouldn'thavebeensostraightforwardandsaidthisinclass.—Ithinkthatit'stheteacher'sfault,becausewhatTomsaidwas,afterall,forhergood.IfIwereinthesamesituation,Iwould:—telltheteacherafterclass.—writeanotetotheteachertotellheraboutit.—waituntiltheteachercomesclosetome.-keepsilent.ILListening-CenteredActivities7.Guestsshouldarriveontimeorabout10or15minuteslatebecauseAmericansexpectpromptness.InChina,peopleusuallyarriveseveralminutesearly.InChina,peopleusuallybringwine,flowerstothehost/hostess,ortoys,candy,etc.forchildren.InAmerica,flowers,candyandattractiveitemsmadeinone'snativecountryareconsideredappropriate.InAmerica.Theguestshouldn7makeafussaboutittwhileinChina,theguestneversayshe/shedoesn'tlikeit,andsometimespretendstoenjoyit.Whenthehost/hostessseemstobetiredandrunningoutofthingstosay.Listening-CenteredActivities1.tolerant4.really7.soup10.standing2.trouble 3.annoyed5.creates 6.soap8.admit 9.rude11.stupid 12.Conversation13.youaretalkingaboutthemorsayingsth.Youdon'twantthemtohear.14.TranslateforyourAmericanfriendssotheydon'tfeelleftoutWordsannoybotherirritate“使惱怒”或“使煩惱”annoy由于干擾、不順利或受不了某種外界情況等而“使煩惱、懊惱”e.g.Iwasannoyedbyhisbadmanners.他的無禮使我惱怒。bother不停地“擾亂，"麻煩'使人不能安寧,而產生煩惱的心理。e.g.Pardonmeforbotheringyouwithsuchasmallmatter,請原諒我為這點小事麻煩你。irritate表示“惱怒”、“不耐煩”的意思,比annoy更為強烈,著重指ー種暫時或短期的“惱怒”e.g.Hisexplanationirritatedusall.他的解釋使我們都惱火了。complimentcomplemente.g.Theygaveusacomplimentonourbeautifullysettable?他們對我們這張漂亮的桌子表示贊許。complemente.g.Theantiquesilverwasacomplementtothebeautifullysettable.西e上這個古銀器,這套美麗的桌子就完美無缺了。Twodiscussionsfromdifferentpointsofviewmaycomplementeachother,不同觀點的兩種討論可以彼此互相參證。wordsforcomplimentfishforcomplimentsgive/make/pay/present/sendmycomplimentstomake/ocomplimentsb.oncomplimentsb.outofsth.III.Reading-CenteredActivitiesEnrichingyourwordpowerplace dish breakencounter poll lecture schoolshift advance strike beamfocus label showstride zoom castapproachPre-ReadingActivitiesDirections:Workinsmallgroupstoanswerthefollowingquestions?Whenyouwereachild,whatmannersdidyourparentsteachyou??HaveyounoticedanychangesinmannersinChina?Giveexamplestoexplainyouranswer.?TheIntroductionoftheTextInthe18lhand19由centuries,goodmannerswerecommonlyconsideredasanimportantfactortomeasureone'ssocialstatus.Peoplebelongingtotheupperclasswereallproudoftheircourtesy.Butwiththesocialdevelopment,inthiscivilizedworld,moreandmorepeopleneglectgoodmannersforvariousreasons.Theauthorprovidessomeevidence,evenbytakinganexampleofahomelessmantoillustratehispoint.Attheendofthearticle,theauthorputsforwardthatgoodmannersareofvitalimportanceforpeopletoeasetheireverydaystressandcreateamorebeautifulworld.Soit'stimeforpeopletoactquicklyandadoptgoodmanners.3.LanguagePointsmanner:wayinwhichathingisdoneorhappensHespokeslowlyinacuriousmanner.ShelivedandentertainedintheFrenchmanner.manner:person'swayofbehavingtowardsothersHehadanabsent-mindedmanner.Hismannerwasslightlyaggressive,butyoumustn'tmind,manners:(polite)socialpracticesorhabitsネ1貌,規矩Peoplewhohavegoodmannersarepoliteandconsideratetoothers.Mindyourmanners.manners:socialbehavior;waysofliving(esp.ofanationorgroupofpeople)風俗,習慣,生活方式ShehaswrittenabookonthemannersandcustomsoftheancientEgyptians.tobuzzwith:tomakeorfilledwithalowconfusedwhispere.g.Theroom'scrowdbuzzedwithexcitement.togatherup:collectorpickThechildgathereduphistoysandputthemaway.Igatheredupmyfewthingsandleft.>togatherin:toharvestThisenabledustogatherinthesummercropsintime.>togathertogetherTheygatheredtogethertheirbelongingsandsetoff.tostepaside:letanotherpersontakeone'splaceIsteppedasidesothatshemightgoin.Wouldyoumindsteppingasidetoletthisladyoffthebus?>tostepin:toenterahouse/agreement;aplan...betweenotherpeoplebysayingordoingsth.Fathersteppedinandforbademetogocamping.SeeingthatIwaslostforanswer,Johnsteppedintosavethesituation.>step-step-brotherstep-sisterstep-sonstep-daughterstep-father/mothertohelpout:togivehelpatatimeofneedtosbWouldyoupleasehelpmeoutwiththismathproblem?Herrelativeshelpedoutwhenshebecameill.Whatstruckmeaboutthisencounterwasnotthewealthiermanhelpingoutthelessfortunateone.這ー偶然碰見的事件使我感到觸動的,并不是那為富有的人幫助了以為不信的人。nodoubt:veryprobably,certainlyNodoubtyoucanthinkofothersthatappealtoyou.NodoubtIlearnedalotfromthelecture.Thereisnodoubtthatheisguilty.indoubt:inaconditionofuncertaintyWhenindoubtaboutthemeaningofaword,consultadictionary.without(a)doubt毫無疑問,一定地(比nodoubt更強調)Withoutdoubtyouhavebeenworkingveryhard.Don'tworry:he'llcomebackwithoutdoubt.todishup:toput(food)intodishes,readytobeeatenHelpmetodishupthevegetables.Atodishup:toproduce(facts/arguments)Hedishedupalotofusefulfactsandfigures.>todishout:handoutMostofhislessonsconsistedofdishingoutnotestohispupils.ThatteacherdishedoutsomuchhomeworkthatherpupilscomplainedtotheirparentsIbeteveryonetherewouldhaveconsideredthemselvesashavingmoremannersthanapersonwholivesonthestreets.我敢保證那兒的每ー個人都會認為自己要比在街上流浪生活的人更懂禮貌。toconsidertoconsider+sth?ThenIsatdownbythefiretoconsidermyopinion.toconsider4-04-adv?Haveyouconsideredhowtogetthere?(Haveyouconsideredhowyoucouldgetthere?)toconsider+O+(tobe)4-adj?Yousurelycan'tconsiderhimtobeaselfishman.Iconsiderthattobeimportant.Iconsideritashame.Doyouconsideritwisetodothat?toconsider4-04-NTheyconsideredParisthebrainandheartofthecountry.toconsider4-04-ppEveryoneconsidereditgreatlyimproved.toconsider4-04-asPatternpractice,then,muststillbeconsideredasanessentialfeatureoflanguageteachingandlearning.D)toconsiderdoingMarkconsidereddroppinghismedicalcourseandspecializinginmaths.well-mannered(有禮貌的，舉止得體的)well-ppWell-advised明智的ノ經周密考慮的,well-appointed設備完善的,well-balanced勻稱的,均衡的,well-behaved品行端正的,有禮貌的,well-beloved尊敬的,深受熱愛的,well-born出身高貴的,出身名門的,well-bred教育良好的,良種的,well-chosen精選的,恰當的,well-conditioned性情好的品行好的,健全的,well-conducted品行端正的,well-done干得好的,well-dressed穿的橫體面的,well-founded/grounded基礎牢固的:有充分根據的,理由充足的,well-intentioned善意的,好心的,well-judged判斷正確的,適時的,well-made做エ考究的,樣子好的,勻稱的,well-paid髙工資的,報酬優厚的,well-preserved保養的很好的,well-tempered脾氣好的,經過訓練的,well-timed時機選的好的acknowledge:A)admitHerefusedtoacknowledgedefeat.Theyacknowledgedthemselves(tobe)defeated.reportthatonehasreceived?Wemustacknowledgehisletter.expressthanksforWemustnotfailtoacknowledgehisservicestothetown.Hislongservicewiththecompanywasacknowledgedwithapresent.D)*toshowthatonerecognizessbasbysmiling,orwavingMysonwalkedrightpastmewithoutevenacknowledgingme