1、2018全國(guó)I卷AWashington, D.C. Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous m

2、onuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability - and the cherry blossoms - disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on

3、the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to exp

4、erience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route ( 路線)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital

5、 Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your

6、 guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital

7、City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night pro

8、vide?A. City maps. B. Cameras.C. Meals. D. Safety lights.語(yǔ)篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞bike tour , Washington, D.C., explore主旨概要本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，分別介紹了四種騎自行車游覽華盛頓的活動(dòng)。百科知識(shí)Ma地,川：國(guó)家廣場(chǎng)，是位于美國(guó)首都華盛頓特區(qū)的一處開放型國(guó)家公園。這里是美國(guó)國(guó)家 同時(shí)也是美國(guó)歷史上重大示威游行、民權(quán)演說(shuō)的重要場(chǎng)所。Capitol Hill:國(guó)會(huì)山，也就是通常說(shuō)的國(guó)會(huì)大廈，因其坐落在華盛頓特區(qū)海拔25米的全城最高點(diǎn)而得名國(guó)會(huì)山。語(yǔ)百知識(shí)重難點(diǎn)詞reserve 預(yù)訂；view 參觀； explore 探

9、索； share 講述； knowledgeable 知識(shí)淵 博的；bike v騎自行車重難點(diǎn)詞塊a guided tour 有導(dǎo)游的觀光； bottled water 瓶裝水；entertain sb with sth 用某 事物使某人快樂(lè)； get up close to 靠近；be equipped with 配備；reflective vests 反光背心；book in advance提前預(yù)訂長(zhǎng)難句分析Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear! 句 意為：趁櫻花正盛，門票未磬，趕緊預(yù)

10、訂景點(diǎn)！句中availability指“可購(gòu)得，可買到”的狀態(tài)。Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort.句意為：無(wú)論上午還是下午，無(wú)論是初來(lái)乍到還是當(dāng)?shù)鼐用瘢绻胍?一種健康舒適的方式感受華盛頓，騎車游覽都是最佳選擇。looking to 作 newcomers and locals 的后置定語(yǔ)。答案與解析21

11、. A 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題根據(jù)第一段最后一句，Reserve your spot before availability and thecherry blossoms disappear!可知，騎車看櫻花是需要提前預(yù)定的。22. D 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題根據(jù)第三段第二句， Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with themost interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. 可知答案。23. D 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題根據(jù)第四段最后一句All riders are equipped

12、with reflective vests andsafety lights.可知答案。BGood Morning Britain s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food, she visit

13、s a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she been able to put a lot of what she s learnt into practice in her own home, preparing me

14、als for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,“ she explains. I pay 5 for a portion）, bur Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but

15、 sometimes we re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-part series （系歹U節(jié) 目）,Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV s Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our bi

16、ggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still ta

17、sty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B. She has started a new programme.C. She dislikes working early in the morning.D. She has had a tight budget for her family.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her.B. He prep

18、ares food for her kids.C. He assists her in cooking matters.D. He invites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Provide some advice for the readers.C. Add some background information.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion

19、.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily DietC. Making Yourself a Perfect Chef語(yǔ)篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞Save Money: Good Food主旨概要本文是l篇新聞報(bào)道，介紹了Susanna Reid主持的懸飪下目 Save Money: GoodFood。這個(gè)節(jié)目旨在幫助家庭烹飪省錢、美味又營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物。百科知識(shí)ITV （Independent Television）:獨(dú)立.電視臺(tái)，英國(guó)第一大無(wú)線電視經(jīng)宮商，

20、于1955年設(shè)立。Good Morning Britain早安英國(guó),ITV的王牌節(jié)目，主持人是Susanna ReicL原文出處選自英國(guó)網(wǎng)站 EXPRESS2017年 4月 8 日名為 Good Morning Britain s Susanna R on new cooking on a tight budget 的文早。https:/www.express.co.uk/life-style/life/789102/Good-Morning-Britain-Susanna-Reid-cooking語(yǔ)百知識(shí)重難點(diǎn)詞grill vt追問(wèn)，盤問(wèn)（grill基本義是“燒烤”，當(dāng)人被反復(fù)盤問(wèn)，就像是放

21、在燒烤 架上受即熬，因此 grill衍生為“追問(wèn)，盤問(wèn)”）takeaway n外賣食品；外賣餐館 （takeaway是由take + away構(gòu)成的合成名詞） value n 劃算程度；range 一系列； special n 特別下目；inspiration 好土思； transform 使改變重難點(diǎn)詞塊be used to doing sth 習(xí)慣做某事；cook up a storm 盡情 / 起勁地做飯；on a tight budget 預(yù)算緊張；put . into practice 將 付諸實(shí)踐；follow in the footsteps of 效仿 ，give sb adv

22、ice on .給某人某方面的建議； the vast range of各式各 樣的;household expense 家庭開銷; come to the aid of sb = come to sb s aid 來(lái) 幫助某人；assist sb in (doing) sth幫助某人(做)某事長(zhǎng)難句分析In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the helpeidD. Cooking Well for Lessof chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on

23、 how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under 5 per family 旬蠢為：在 Save Money: Good Food 節(jié)目中，她每周拜訪一個(gè)家庭，在廚師 Matt Tebbutt的幫助下，為每個(gè)家庭準(zhǔn)備每天花 費(fèi)不到5英鎊的食譜，同時(shí)提供如何減少食物浪費(fèi)的局招。with the help of chefMatt Tebbutt是插入語(yǔ)，and連接動(dòng)詞visits和offers, while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。答案與解析24. B 推理判斷題 根據(jù)第段 ，but she is cooking up a storm

24、 in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. 和第二段 In Save Money: Good Food , she visits .可推斷，Susanna Reid 主持了一個(gè)新的烹飪節(jié)目 Save Money: Good Food。25. C 推理判斷題 根據(jù)第二段 with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt . 及第三段 I pay 5 for a portion, but Matt makes them

25、for 26p a portion .可推知廚師 Matt 幫助 Susanna做一些烹飪方面的工作。26. C寫作目的題 根據(jù)第四段可知 Save Money: Good Food這個(gè)節(jié)目仿效了 ITV出品的節(jié)目 Save Money: Good Health。由此可知，這里作者是想介紹 Save Money: Good Food這個(gè)節(jié)目的 背景信息。27. D主旨大意題 本文主要介紹了 Susanna Reid主持的電視節(jié)目Save Money: Good Food。由第一段 . showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritiou

26、s meals on a tight budget , 第 二段 . offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under 5 perfamily a day 和最后段 The team transforms . with less expensive but still tasty recipes. 可知 Save Money: Good Food這個(gè)節(jié)目旨在幫助家庭用更少的錢做出美味可口的飯菜。CLanguages have been coming and going for thous

27、ands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (聯(lián)系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the w

28、orld had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of

29、 the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world

30、has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,0

31、00; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number ( 中位 數(shù))of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 lan

32、guages are close to extinction ( 消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have muc

33、h chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A. They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patterns. D. They were closely connected.29. Which of the following best explains dominant underlined in paragraph 2?A. Complex.B. Advanced

34、.C. Powerful.D. Modern.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A. About 6,800.B. About 3,400.C. About 2,400.D. About 1,200.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B. People s lifestyles are reflected in languages.C. Human development resu

35、lts in fewer languages.D. Geography determines language evolution.語(yǔ)篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞languages, disappear主旨概要本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了隨著人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展，很多語(yǔ)言逐漸消失。百科知識(shí)1 .語(yǔ)言多樣性是文化多樣性的重要組成部分。全世界大約有6800種語(yǔ)言，但超過(guò) 400多種語(yǔ)言處于瀕危境地，只有為數(shù)不多的老人會(huì)說(shuō)這些語(yǔ)言。而每?jī)芍芫蜁?huì)有一種語(yǔ)言消失， 隨之湮火的還用寶貴的文化財(cái)富。2 . the median number中位數(shù)，又稱中點(diǎn)數(shù)、中值。中位數(shù)是按順序排列的一組數(shù)據(jù)中居于 中間位置的數(shù)，即在這組數(shù)據(jù)中

36、，有一半的數(shù)據(jù)比它大，有一半的數(shù)據(jù)比它小。原文出處選自美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人 The Economist, 2004 年 12 月 29 日名為 Bable runs backwards (The world s languages are disappearing at the rate of one a fortnight. What to do?) 的文早。語(yǔ)百知識(shí)重難點(diǎn)詞populate （某地區(qū)）居住著；hunter-gatherer游獵聚集部族成員；settled穩(wěn)te的，固te的；nation-state 單一民族的獨(dú)立國(guó)豕；increasingly不斷增加地；distribution 分

37、布；uneven不均衡的；relatively相對(duì)地；pick舉例重難點(diǎn)詞塊come and go 來(lái)來(lái)去去；pattern of speech HFW模式；independent of 不受 白影響； soon afterwards 不久以后；settle down （地）定居 卜來(lái);compulsory education 義務(wù)教育；take over占上風(fēng)；mild zones氣候溫和地帶；hot, wet zones 氣候濕熱地帶；accounts for （數(shù)量 上、比例上）占；well over遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出；be close to幾乎（處于杲種狀態(tài)）；at random 隨機(jī)； hav

38、e much chance of的可能性很大長(zhǎng)難句分析and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.句息為：亞洲和環(huán)太平洋地區(qū)大概后3200種語(yǔ)百，其中僅巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞一個(gè)國(guó)豕的語(yǔ)言就遠(yuǎn)超 800種。of which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性te語(yǔ)從句，修飾先仃詞3,200。句中的well為副詞，意為“相當(dāng)；遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地”。The median number of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half

39、the worlds languagesare spoken by fewer people than that. 句意為：所有語(yǔ)言使用者的中位人數(shù)僅為6000人，這就意味著世界上有一半的語(yǔ)言，它們的使用人數(shù)小于6000人。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前卸的句子。寫作句型. none of these seems to have much chance of survival .28. B 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)第一段第二句和第三句， When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers . they spoke perhaps 12,

40、000 languages between them. 可知， 在游獵采集時(shí)代，雖然人口很少，但語(yǔ)言種類很多。29. C 詞義猜測(cè)題 根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的 increasingly taking over ， 意為 “越來(lái)越占據(jù)統(tǒng)治 地位” ，可知 dominant 意為“占優(yōu)勢(shì)的；占支配地位的” 。30. B 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)第三段最后一句， The median number of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than tha

41、t. 以及第四段第一句中的 the total of 6,800 languages 可知答案。31. C 主旨大意題 通讀全文， 可知文章主要講述隨著人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展， 語(yǔ)言的種類越來(lái)越少。DWe may think we re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （ 裝置 ） well after they go out of s

42、tyle. That s bad news for the environment and our wallets as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracke

43、d the environmental costs for each product throughout its life from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and

44、box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn t throw out our old ones. “The living-room television is replaced

45、and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house, ” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We re not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them. According to the an

46、alysis of Babbitt s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放 ） more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what s the solution （解決方案 ）? The team s data only went up to 2

47、007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computer

48、s could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B

49、. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?C. The LCD TV.A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about o

50、ld electronic devices?A. Stop using them.C. Upgrade them.B. Take them apart.D. Recycle them.關(guān)鍵詞主旨概要百科知識(shí)語(yǔ)篇解讀throw out old electronic devices本文是一篇說(shuō)明性議論文，作者介紹了新舊電子設(shè)備的能耗調(diào)查，借此論證新電子設(shè)備 比過(guò)時(shí)的舊設(shè)備更節(jié)能、更環(huán)保，呼吁人們?yōu)榱斯?jié)能環(huán)保不要再使用已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)的舊電子 設(shè)備，而使用集多種功能為一體的新電子設(shè)備。desktop computers ：臺(tái)式電腦basic mobile phones:相對(duì)于智能手機(jī) （smart phon

51、es）而言，主要功能為通話和收發(fā)短信。box-set TVs：箱式電視機(jī)LCD TVs:LCD是Liquid Crystal Display的簡(jiǎn)稱，LCD TVs全稱是液晶顯示屏電視。tablets:平板電腦（Tablet Personal Computer）的簡(jiǎn)稱，是一種小型、方便攜帶的個(gè)人電腦，以觸 摸屏作為基本的輸入設(shè)備。e-readers:電子書閱讀器TVs with cathode ray tubes:CRT電視機(jī)，CRT是cathode ray tubes （陰極射線管）的簡(jiǎn)稱。原文出處選自美國(guó)網(wǎng)站 Sciencemag, 2015年 2 月 6 日名為 Why you shoul

52、d throw out your old TV 的乂早。/news/2015/02/why-you-should-throw-out-your-old-tv語(yǔ)百知識(shí)重難點(diǎn)詞outdated過(guò)時(shí)的；consume消耗；track vt跟蹤 （track名詞的基本義是足跡，名詞 用作動(dòng)詞基本義是 “沿著足跡”，即跟蹤）；mine開采；readout數(shù)字讀出；evolve進(jìn)化， 演變；group vt把 分類；把 分組 （group名詞的基本義是 組 ，名詞用作動(dòng)詞 意為 分組 ）；define界te; accumulate收集；on-demand應(yīng)顧

53、客要求即可提供的； cut減少重難點(diǎn)詞塊get rid of 丟棄； at the first sight of -看見（就）；go out of style 過(guò)時(shí)；figure out 弄清楚 /弄明白；sth arrived on the scene in某事物于出現(xiàn)； show up 出現(xiàn)；throwout 扔掉；sth gets planted in 某物被放置在（plant vt 穩(wěn)固地放置）；contribution to對(duì)的促成作用；up to 直到；replacewith用 代替 ,no better than 同（幾乎）一樣；conduct the research 開展研允

54、；the life cycle of a product 廣品使用周期； take apart 把 W#長(zhǎng)難句分析We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new.句意為：我們或許會(huì)認(rèn)為自己有這樣的習(xí)慣：Ti見新科技產(chǎn) 品就會(huì)扔掉我們?cè)谟玫呐f產(chǎn)品。According to the analysis of Babbittold deskeapnmonitors and box TVs with cathoderay tubes

55、 are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window. 句忌 為：Babbitt的團(tuán)隊(duì)分析顯示，舊臺(tái)式電腦顯視器和CRT電視機(jī)是最糟糕的電器，（因?yàn)椋┰?992年到2007年期間，它們的能耗和溫室效應(yīng)氣體排放量比現(xiàn)在的一倍還多。,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consu

56、mers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.句意為：，不過(guò)研究者還探討了如果消費(fèi)者把舊的產(chǎn)品替換為多功 能的新電子設(shè)備會(huì)發(fā)生什么情況，例如可用來(lái)處理文字和看電視的平板電腦。They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers

57、could cut energy consumption by 44%. 句意為: 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，平板電 腦上點(diǎn)播觀看娛樂(lè)節(jié)目比用電視和臺(tái)式電腦觀看能減少44%的能源消耗。答案與解析32. A 推理判斷題 根據(jù)第一段最后一句ThatS bad news for the environment as theseoutdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things. 可 知，做同樣的事，過(guò)時(shí)的電子設(shè)備比新設(shè)備耗能更多。由此可推斷，作者認(rèn)為新設(shè)備更節(jié)能、更環(huán)保。33. D 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)第二段第一句To figure out how much power these devices areusing,可知，Babbitt的團(tuán)隊(duì)開展研究是為了查明新舊電子設(shè)備的耗能量。34. B 推理判斷題 根據(jù)最后段 They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%. 可知，使用 平板電腦觀看娛樂(lè)節(jié)目比用電