1、真誠為您提供優質參考資料，若有不當之處，請指正。助動詞和情態動詞專項復習助動詞本身沒有詞義，不能單獨作謂語，其作用是輔助實義動詞組成謂語，構成句子的疑問式、否定式，以及構成各種時態和語態。常見的助動詞有be, do, have, will, shall, should, would等。它們的具體用法如下：1助動詞be（1）可用于構成進行時態：I am watching a TV play. 我正在看一部電視劇。She is doing her homework now. 她正在做家庭作業。（2）可用于構成被動語態：The baby was put in bed by his mother.嬰兒

2、被媽媽放在床上。The invitation was received yesterday. 這封請柬是昨天收到的。（3）可與動詞不定式構成謂語：Where are we to meet? 我們在哪里碰頭？These books are not to be taken out of the room.這些書不得帶出教室。2助動詞have （1）構成完成時態：I have not seen him for three years.我三年沒見他了。How long has your uncle taught in the village .你叔叔在這個村子里教書教了多長時間？（2）和動詞不定式構成

3、謂語，表示因客觀環境促使不得不做的事情：She had to go shopping yesterday .她昨天不得不去購物。3助動詞do（1）構成疑問句和否定句：Did anyone sharpen this knife ?有人把刀磨利了嗎？I dont think you are right. 我認為你不對。（2）用來加強語氣：I do want to have a talk with you.我的確想和你談一談。Do come and see me . 一定要來看我。（3）用來代替動詞詞組：Have you finished your work ? Yes, I did yesterd

4、ay .你做完了你的工作了嗎？做完了，我昨天做完的。He plays basketball well. So does his brother .他籃球打得好，他哥哥靨打得好。4 助動詞shall（1）構成將來時態，單純表示未來情況.。I shall not be back tonight.今天晚上我不回來了。We shall pay a visit to the Great Wall next month.下個月我們要參觀長城。(2)現代英語有一個明顯的發展趨勢，就是第一人稱用shall表示將來時間已越來越少了，大量采用的是will , 它在陳述句中能用于所有人稱，即使第一人稱疑問句也用wi

5、ll,美國英語尤其如此。如：They will help to protect the environment. 他們將幫助保護環境。Will I be able to go out tomorrow? 明天我能出去嗎？5. 助動詞will構成將來時，用于第一、二、三人稱。如:They will move to a new house .他們將搬進新房子。She will not eat any solid food.她不是固體食物。6 其他一些助動詞（1）have to 表示“不得不，必須”如：She has to do housework .她得做家務。They have to leave

6、 now. 他們現在得走了。A have to 可用于多種時態：I missed the train ,so I had to take a taxi.我誤了火車，所以我得乘出租車。Im sorry I wont go with you, Ill have to go to the bank.抱歉，我不能和你去了，我得去銀行。B have to 的否定與疑問形式必須借助于助動詞to,解釋為“不必”或“有必要嗎”。如：We dont have to install this new television set.我們不必安裝新電視。She doesnt have to meet him at t

7、he bus stop.她不必去汽車站接他了。(2) had better 動詞原形（最好）,表示建議和勸告，其簡略式為 d better 。如：Id better stay here. 我最好呆在這里。Wed better wait for him. 我們最好等他。注意：A 其否定形式had better not + 動詞原形（最好不）Wed better not go back to the station.我們最好不要返回火車站。B 疑問形式將had提前。如：What had I better do ?我最好不要做什么呢？要點即境活用一句型轉換將下列句子改為否定句。 He likes p

8、laying chess. There will be a meeting tomorrow morning.將下列句子改為一般疑問句。 He usually goes to work on foot. Toms already taken some photos on the Great Wall二單項選擇1 Hurry up! Were all waiting for you .- I _ for an important phone call. Go without me.A wait B was waiting C am waiting D waited2 - I didnt see

9、you at the meeting yesterday. Why?- I _ for a long distance call then from my daughter in Canada. A waited B have waited C was waiting D will wait 3 The tall building _ ten years ago ,but it still looks quite new.A was built B must be built C is built D built 4 Jim goes roller skating in Saturdays.(

10、改為一般疑問句)_ Jim _ roller skating on Saturdays ?5 - When _ you _ your old friend?- The day before yesterday.A will ;visit B did; visit C have ;visited 6 “_for school,” said the teacher to the boys.A Be not late B Not be late C Dont be late D Not late 7 - Who broke that window?- I _.A did B do C broke D

11、 had8 Could you tell me if it _ tomorrow?A rain B will rain C raining D rains 9 - How was your weekend ?- Great! We _ a picnic by the lake .A have B are having C had D will have10 - I wonder if your wife will go to the party . - If your wife _,so _.A does; does she B will ; will mine C does; will mi

12、ne D will ; will I 11 This kind of food _ cool, clean and dry according to the instruction.A should be carried B must be put C should be placed D must be kept 12 I _ to Canada twice .Its so beautiful.A wont go B have gone C dont go d have been13 She listens to the radio every day,_ ?A doesnt B isnt

13、she C hasnt D wont she 14 - When _ you _ the bike ? - Last month.A have ;bought B had ;bought C do; buy D did; buy15 Well go to the farm and help the farmers with the apple-picking if it _ tomorrow.A wont rain B will be rainy C doesnt rain D isnt raining 情態動詞1情態動詞表示說話人對某一動作或狀態的態度，或表示主觀設想。情態動詞有自己的詞義，

14、但不能單獨作謂語，必須和不帶to的動詞不定式（ought除外）連用，沒有人稱和數的變化。常用的情態動詞有can, may, must, ought to , will, shall, should, would , need, dare. （1）情態動詞有自己的詞義，表示說話人對某一動作或狀態的態度，或主觀設想。如：You may go now.你現在可以走了。（表示“許可”）This bus can seat 40 people.這輛公共汽車可坐40 人。（表示“能”）The work must be finished as soon as possible. 這項工作必須盡快完成。（表示“

15、必須”）You mustnt lend it to others. 你不許把它借給別人。（表示“不準”）（2）情態動詞不能單獨作謂語，必須和不帶to 的不定式（ought除外）連用，沒有人稱和數的變化。歸納如下：現在式否定式疑問式過去式否定式疑問式maymay notMay+主語mightmight notMight+主語cancan notCan+主語couldCould notCould+主語mustMust notMust+主語Ought toOught not (to)Ought+主語+toOught to Ought not to Ought+主語+towillWill not Wi

16、ll+主語WouldWould not Would+主語shallShall not Shall+主語Should Should notShould+主語needNeed notNeed+主語dareDare notDare+主語daredDared notDared+主語（3）情態動詞有現在式和過去式兩種形式：現在式過去式may mightcan couldmust _ought to _will wouldshall shouldneed _dare dared這些過去式并不都代表過去。如：I would like to have a talk with you .我想跟你談一談。（表示委

17、婉的語氣。）You might be right .你可能是正確的。（表示推測）2情態動詞的用法：（1） may 的用法A 表示允許或征詢對方的許可，有“可以”的意思。may not 表示說話人“不許可”。如：You may go now.你現在可以走了。May I use your typewriter? 我可以用一下你的打字機嗎？You may not go = I do not permit you to go .我不允許你走。B.在回答may 引導的疑問句時，肯定回答用Yes, you may.否定句用No, you mustnt. No, you cant. 或 No, you ha

18、d better not.在表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”的意思時，常用must not(mustnt)代替may not 。如：May I come in ?我可以進來嗎？Yes , please. 請進來。May I smoke here？我可以在這里抽煙嗎？No，you mustnt. 請不要抽煙。C may 表示可能，通常只用于陳述句。（may所表示的可能性比might 大）如：You may be right .你可能是正確的。It might rain this afternoon.今天下午可能下雨。D 在口語中can 可以代替may表示許可，而may 比較正式。如：Class

19、 is over. You can go home now.下課了，你現在可以回家了。Can I use your camera? 我可以用一下你的相機嗎？E might ,could 用于現在時，語氣較為委婉、禮貌。如：Might Could invite you to dinner?我可以邀請你吃飯嗎？(2) can A 表示能力，有“能”、“會”、“能夠”的意思。Can you drive a car?你會開車嗎？Yes, I can.我會。/No, I cant .我不會。The hall can hold at least 2,000 people.這個大廳至少能容納2，000 人。

20、B 表示允許，在口語中代替may,有“可以”的意思。Can I use your bike ? 我可以用你的車子嗎？The librarian said we could take these books home.圖書管理員說我們可以把書帶回家。C 表示“可能性”，常用于否定句或疑問句。Can it be true? 那會是真的嗎？Today is Sunday ,he cant be at school today.今天是星期天，他不可能在學校里。He cant be a millionaire.他不可能是個百萬富翁。He couldnt be a millionaire. 他不大可能是個

21、百萬富翁。D can 和be able to 的用法比較a can 用來表達能力時，由于只有現在時和過去時兩種形式，其他時態要用be able to 來表達.如：I can play piano.我會彈鋼琴。He has no been able to finish the work in time .他沒能及時完成工作。b 通常這二者可以互換。如：She will come if she can.=She will come if she is able to .她如果能來一定來。I couldnt understand him.=I wasnt be able to understand

22、him.我不明白他的意思。注意：a 如果我們要表示一個動作成功地完成了，那么必須使用was able to ,而不能用could。如：He didnt agree with me at first, but I was able to persuade him.起初，他不同意我的意見，但我設法說服了他。He was able to leave Europe before the war began.他設法在戰爭前離開了歐洲。B 在否定句中could與be able to 兩者意思一樣。如：I could not swim to the other side of the river.I was

23、nt able to swim to the other side of the river.我沒能游到河的對岸去。(3) mustA must 表示必須，應該。如：Must I come to the party ?我必須參加聚會嗎？The article must be completed before Friday.這篇文章必須在星期五之前完成。B must 的否定形式must not =mustnt,表示“不應該”、“不許可”、“不準”、“禁止”。如：You mustnt get to school too late.我們不能到校太遲。C在回答must的疑問句時，否定式常用need n

24、ot=neednt, 或dont have to 表示“不必”、“用不著”，而不用must not。如：Must I do it now? Yes, you must ./ No, you neednt.D 表示推測，只用在肯定句中。如：She must be at school.她肯定在學校。She must have gone to Beijing.她一定已經去北京了。She must be working in the fields.她肯定在田里勞動。E must 和have to 都可以表示必須，但must 表示說話人的主觀看法，have to 表示客觀需要。must 只有現在時，要表

25、示過去時和將來時需要用had to 和will have to.如：You must say sorry to me for that .你必須為那件事向我道歉。You mustnt clean only your own room.你不能光打掃自己的房間。You wont have to wait for me .你不必等我。(4) need a need 作為情態動詞主要用于否定句和疑問句，較少用于肯定句。如：I neednt wear a coat.= I dont think I need wear a coat.我不需要穿大衣。B need 用作及物動詞，其否定形式要借助于dont,

26、 doesnt或didnt.疑問句形式要借助于do, does或did。如：We need some help.我們需要幫助。I dont need things like that.我不需要那樣的東西。3 shall（1）用于第二、第三人稱，表示說話人的意愿。如：He shall get his money.他可以拿到他的錢。You shall do exactly as you wish.你完全可以根據你的意愿行事。（2）用于第一、三人稱，征求對方的意見或指示。如：Shall I turn on the light?我可以開燈嗎？What shall we drink?我們喝點什么？Sha

27、ll I open the window?我可以打開窗戶嗎？（3）用于陳述句中，表示允諾、警告、命令、決心、強制等。如：Dont worry, You shall get the answer this afternoon.別著急，今天下午你就可以得到答復了。Nothing shall stop us from carrying out this plan.什么也不能阻止未能實現這個計劃。4 will(1) 用于疑問句，表示請求，邀請。如：Will you open the window?請打開窗戶好嗎？Will you have another cup of coffee?再喝一杯咖啡好嗎？

28、（2）表示一種意圖，will通常縮寫成ll,主要用于第一人稱。如：Ill write as soon as I can.我打算盡早寫信。We wont stay longer than two hours.我們呆在這里不會超過兩個小時。（3）表示意愿。如：Hell help you if you ask him.如果你請他幫忙，他是愿意幫忙的。Hell try to mend it himself.他一定要自己修理。（4）表示預料或慣性的動作。如：The game will be finished by now.球賽大概已經結束了。Whats the matter with the door?

29、 It wont lock.這門怎么回事？鎖不上了。5 would （1） 表示愿望、決心、建議或看法。如： I would like to go there.我愿意到那里去。 I promised that I would do my best.我答應過要盡力而為。（2） 表示過去的習慣。如： He would often come to my house to see me.以前經常來我家看我。6 dare用作情態動詞，表示“敢于”這個意思。主要用于疑問句、否定句及條件從句中。如：Dare you go home alone?你一個人敢回家嗎？He dare not even look o

30、ut.他甚至向外望一望都不敢。How dare they do such a thing?他們怎么敢做這樣的事？要點即境活用：用適當的情態動詞填空。 You _ stop when the lights are red. The baby _ speak now. Dont play with the knife, or you _ hurt yourself. We _ think of others and we _ think of ourselves. _ please open the window? I _ play with you .I will _ do my homewor

31、k. He said if he _ ask another question. Dont worry. You _ return me the book tomorrow. We _ operate the machine last week ,but we can operate it mow. I _ get up early tomorrow.選擇正確答案填空。1 Can you write a letter in English? Yes, I _ .A. can B. may C. must D. could2 It _ be Li Ming. Ive just seen him

32、in the classroom.A. may not B. couldnt C. mustnt D. cant3 You will _ see her next time.A. can B. may C. must D. be able to4 He _ come from Shanghai, but Im not sure.A. can B. may C. must D. could5 May I bring it to school? No, you _ .A. may not B. couldnt C. mustnt D. shouldnt6 Must he finish his homework before he goes home? No, he _ .A. cant B. doesnt