1、專業(yè)英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料專業(yè)八級分類模擬284專業(yè)英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料專業(yè)八級分類模擬284專業(yè)八級分類模擬284LANGUAGE USAGE問題:1. If you make a long distance call and get a wrong number, call the operator and explain what happens.答案:時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)把happens改為happened。解析 因?yàn)榫渥邮窃谡f告訴接線員之前發(fā)生的事，是已經(jīng)過去的動(dòng)作，所以應(yīng)該使用過去時(shí)。問題:2. According to a new online survey, one in ten teenage

2、rs have an underage friend who has ordered beer, wine or liquor over the Internet.答案:主謂不一致，應(yīng)把have改為has。解析 “one in(out of)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。此處的主語是one in ten teenagers，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該使用單數(shù)形式。問題:3. Eleven years after dismissal from school, young Albert Einstein published the most amazing Theory of Relativity w

3、hich changed our understanding of the universe.答案:定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞誤用，應(yīng)把which改為that。解析 本句的先行詞Theory of Relativity前面有形容詞最高級修飾，因此關(guān)系代詞只能用that，不能用which。問題:4. Their selfishness is most shamelessly expressed in downsizing and outsourcing because these business maneuvers dont act to create new jobs as the founder

4、 of new industries used to do, but only to cut out jobs while kept the money value of what those jobs produced for themselves.答案:非謂語動(dòng)詞誤用，應(yīng)把kept改為keeping。解析 這里指保持錢的價(jià)值，keep的邏輯主語是these business maneuvers，二者是主謂關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞。問題:5. It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance when

5、 represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect.答案:強(qiáng)調(diào)句型錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)把when改為that。解析 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的主語this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance，只能用that。問題:6. Brown recommended that older adults structured their days by maintaining a regular cycle a

6、nd planning activities that give them pleasure, purpose and a reason for living.答案:虛擬語氣錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)把structured改為structure。解析 表示“建議”的動(dòng)詞，如suggest，recommend等，后面接賓語從句時(shí)，需要使用虛擬語氣，謂語用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。問題:7. At no time smoking permitted in the meeting room, because it will do harm to both smokers and non-smoke

7、rs.答案:倒裝句錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)在smoking前加上is。解析 本句缺少系動(dòng)詞is，當(dāng)否定詞置于句首以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，句子要使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。這些否定詞包括no，little，hardly，seldom，never，not only，at no time，in no way，not until等。問題:8. If sustainable competitive advantage depended on work-force skills, American firms will have a problem.答案:時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)把depended改為depends。解析 在有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，若主句

8、為將來時(shí)，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。問題:9. He has been traveling around this area for a long time and every day on the sides of the dikes he can see the cattle which seems to be the only living creature in these desolate surroundings.答案:主謂不一致，應(yīng)把seems改為seem。解析 因?yàn)閟eem的主語which指代的是先行詞the cattle，而cattle是集體名詞，一般作復(fù)數(shù)名詞。通常表示復(fù)數(shù)的集體

9、名詞還有police，people，militia，vermin等。問題:10. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well.答案:賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞缺失，應(yīng)在and后面加上that。解析 此處是由that引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)并列的賓語從句，作believe的賓語，that不能省略。問題:11. The two most celebrating holidays in the North a

10、nd South America, Australia and Europe, and in most of Christian world are Christmas and Easter.答案:非謂語動(dòng)詞誤用，應(yīng)把celebrating改為celebrated。解析 celebrate和holidays在邏輯上是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即“節(jié)日被人們慶祝”，因此使用其過去分詞。問題:12. This normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to reversed routine of sleep and wakefu

11、lness, sleeping during the day and working at night.答案:形式主語錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)把句首的This改為It。解析 該句真正的主語是后面的不定式，由于主語太長，所以將其放在句尾，并用It作形式主語，且It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 為固定表達(dá)。問題:13. The millions of calculations involved, if they had been done by hand, all practical value have lost by the time they were finished.答案

12、:虛擬語氣錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)在have前加上would。解析 本句包含了與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，從句謂語動(dòng)詞使用了had+過去分詞，主句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用would/could/should/might+have+過去分詞。句意為“如此之大的計(jì)算量，如果用手工計(jì)算的話，等到完成的時(shí)候也失去了所有的實(shí)用價(jià)值。”根據(jù)句意，在。have前加上would最合適。問題:14. The man who was driving the truck would not admit that he had been at fault, and neither the other driver.答案:倒裝句錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)在nei

13、ther后面加上would。解析 neither后面的句子沒有謂語，應(yīng)該加上would。neither用作副詞，作“也不”解釋，放在句首，表示前面否定的內(nèi)容也適用于另一個(gè)人或物，句子需采用部分倒裝，因此把would加到neither后面。問題:15. In an attempt to find out how different creatures see the world, psychologists at Brown University in the U. S. had been comparing the behavior of birds and humans.答案:時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)把

14、had been comparing改為have been comparing。解析 此句沒有明顯的表示過去完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語，因此使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)即可。問題:16. During the first two months of a babys life, the stimulus that produce a smile is a pair of eyes, which need not be reala mask with two dots will produce a smile.答案:主謂不一致，應(yīng)把produce改為produces。解析 that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞sti

15、mulus，這個(gè)詞看似復(fù)數(shù)形式，其實(shí)是單數(shù)，表示“刺激，刺激物”，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為stimuli，因此從句的謂語應(yīng)該使用單數(shù)形式。問題:17. Unlike many mid-century papers, The Columbian, publishing every Saturday in Olympia, one of Washingtons largest towns, was neutral in politics, meaning that it was not the organ of a particular political party or religious group.答

16、案:非謂語動(dòng)詞誤用，應(yīng)把publishing改為published。解析 publish與前面提到的報(bào)紙The Columbian是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)該使用過去分詞形式表被動(dòng)。問題:18. Which is said that somewhere between the ages of 6 and 9, children begin to think abstractly instead of concretely.答案:形式主語錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)將Which改成It。解析 固定句型It is said that.表示“據(jù)說”，其中It作形式主語。問題:19. We had a meeting and t

17、alked the matter over face to face for fear that there might be any misunderstanding.答案:虛擬語氣錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)將might be改為should be或者be。解析 for fear that意為“以免”，其引導(dǎo)的狀語從句要使用虛擬語氣，謂語用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。問題:20. Not only tears keep your eyes lubricated, they also contain a substance that kills certain bacteria so that

18、 they cant infect your eyes.答案:倒裝句錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)在tears前加上助動(dòng)詞do。解析 這是not only放在句首的倒裝句，要使用部分倒裝，把助動(dòng)詞do提到主語tears前面。問題:21. The money they invest for training also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees.答案:語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)在also前面加上is，變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。解析 此句意思是“他們投入的培訓(xùn)資金主要集中用于培訓(xùn)那些專業(yè)和管理層的雇員。”concentrate的主語是mone

19、y，所以應(yīng)該使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。問題:22. I think even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a good accent, tend to neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerning with speaking the language.答案:非謂語動(dòng)詞誤用，應(yīng)把concerning改為concerned。解析 這里用分詞作定語修飾the branch of study，be concerned with意為“關(guān)于

20、的”。問題:23. The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but what we neither exercise enough nor eat well.答案:從句引導(dǎo)詞錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)把what改為that。解析 not.but.引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)從句在邏輯上是對比關(guān)系，結(jié)構(gòu)上是平行關(guān)系，而且what在從句中要充當(dāng)成分，而此處不缺任何成分，因此應(yīng)該使用that。問題:24. The position which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls in

21、to the water is the most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious.答案:定語從句的關(guān)系詞誤用，應(yīng)把which改為where或者在which前加上in。解析 此處定語從句的先行詞是pos

22、ition，而定語從句中的引導(dǎo)詞在句子中作狀語，因此需要使用關(guān)系副詞where，或者in which。問題:25. According to United States Coast Guard requirements, life preservers must be simple in design, reversible, capable of be quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an u

23、pright or slightly backward position.答案:動(dòng)詞形式錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)把capable of后面的be改為being。解析 因?yàn)闉榻樵~of后面需跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞。問題:26. As increasing numbers of my friends children prescribed medicationsstimulants to deal with inattentiveness at school or anti-depressants to help with the loss of interest and joy in their livesI quest

24、ion the role of kids boredom in some of the diagnoses.答案:語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)在prescribed前加上are。解析 主語是numbers of my friends children，謂語是prescribe，二者是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)該使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。問題:27. Ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being, but so far Japan largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people dont know where they should go next.答案:時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)在Japan后加上has。解析 因?yàn)榇颂幱忻黠@的時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)記詞組so far，應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。問題:28. The