1、Read and Explore,Unit 4 Work and Career,Get Started,Listen and Respond,Optional Classroom Activities,Enhance Your Language Awareness,1. What do you think work can provide? 2. What factors do you think one should take into account when choosing a career? 3. What kind of job do you think will be suita

2、ble for you?,Work in pairs or groups and discuss the following questions.,Get started-Discussion,Study the following quotes about work and career and discuss in pairs what you can learn from them.,Get started-Quotes,Work is something you can count on, a trusted, lifelong friend who never deserts you

3、. Margaret Bourke-White,Interpretation: By this quote Bourke-White expresses her passion for her career. She compares her work to her lifelong trustworthy friend, which shows that she enjoys working and is fully dedicated to it.,Get started-Quotes,Click Picture,Youve achieved success in your field w

4、hen you dont know whether what youre doing is work or play. Warren Beatty,Interpretation: If you want to be successful in your career, you must love what you are doing passionately, devote yourself to it whole-heartedly, and treat it as if it were the only source of enjoyment and amusement in life.

5、Thenand only then can you feel a sense of fulfillment.,Get started-Quotes,Click Picture,Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. Thomas Edison,Interpretation: Most of the worlds geniuses worked very hard and failed thousands of times before they finally became successf

6、ul in their inventions. By this quote, Edison advocates the virtue of hard work.,Get started-Quotes,Click Picture,Far and away the best prize that life has to offer is the chance to work hard at work worth doing. Theodore Roosevelt,Interpretation: By this quote, Roosevelt means that the best reward

7、one can get in life is the chance to work at something worthwhile. One should feel blessed to have the chance to work and should treasure it as ones best possession.,Get started-Quotes,Click Picture,Watch the following video clip “How to Choose the Right Career” and do the tasks that follow:,video,c

8、lick here,video,Please decide whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F) based on the information in the video clip.,( ) To choose the right career, you should firstly figure out your passions and interests. ( ) You can increase your knowledge and develop new skills in order t

9、o have more career choices. ( ) Making a list of your personal preferences and needs is helpful in choosing the right career. ( ) You should take some qualification tests to get ready for your chosen career. ( ) Before choosing a career, you should research the job market to see if you have the requ

10、ired skills. ( ) The video is to persuade people to believe in themselves and aim high.,Video-1,T,T,F,F,F,T,Video-2,2. Do you think the speakers suggestions helpful? Do you have more suggestions? ( Open. ),superior n. a person of higher rank, especially in a job 上級，上司 besides ad. in addition; also 而

11、且；還有,Listen and Respond Word Bank,Choose the best answer to each of the following questions according to the information contained in the listening passage.,L society could not care less whether we play it or not.,necessity,earning a living,in the strict sense,abolished,wage,3 Between labor and play

12、 stands work. A man is a worker if he is personally interested in the job which society pays him to do; what from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play. Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on th

13、e tastes of the individual who undertakes it. The difference does not, for example, coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job; a gardener or a cobbler may be a worker, a bank clerk a laborer. Which a man is can be seen from his attitude toward leisure. To a worker, leisure means

14、 simply the hours he needs to relax and rest in order to work efficiently. He is therefore more likely to take too little leisure than too much; workers die of heart attacks and forget their wives birthdays. To the laborer, on the other hand, leisure means freedom from compulsion, so that it is natu

15、ral for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring, and the more hours he is free to play, the better.,In-Depth,voluntary,classified,5 Technology and the division of labor have done two things: by eliminating in many fields the need for special strength or skill, they have made a v

16、ery large number of paid occupations which formerly were enjoyable work into boring labor, and by increasing productivity they have reduced the number of necessary laboring hours. It is already possible to imagine a society in which the majority of the population, that is to say, its laborers, will

17、have almost as much leisure as in earlier times was enjoyed by the aristocracy. When one recalls how aristocracies in the past actually behaved, the prospect is not cheerful. Indeed, the problem of dealing with boredom may be,4 What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are,

18、 like myself, in the fortunate position of being workers? At a guess I would say sixteen per cent, and I do not think that figure is likely to get bigger in the future.,In-Depth,formerly,division,At a guess,even more difficult for such a future mass society than it was for aristocracies. The latter,

19、 for example, ritualized their time; there was a season to shoot grouse, a season to spend in town, etc. The masses are more likely to replace an unchanging ritual by fashion which changes as often as possible in the economic interest of certain people. Again, the masses cannot go in for hunting, fo

20、r very soon there,In-Depth,would be no animals left to hunt. For other aristocratic amusements like , dueling, and warfare, it may be easy to find equivalents in dangerous driving, drug-taking, and acts of violence. Workers seldom commit acts of violence, because they can put their aggression into t

21、heir work, be it physical like the work of a smith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist. The role of aggression in mental work is aptly expressed by the phrase “getting ones teeth into a problem”.,go in for,ones teeth into a problem,mass,fashion,commit,getting,gambling,only too,hunti

22、ng,senseless,1) Do you accept the authors definitions of “worker” and “laborer”? 2) Do you believe that it is bad for laborers to have more leisure time? 3) Do you think that workers will be definitely happier than laborers?,voicing,Work in pairs or groups and discuss the question: “What would you l

23、ike to be in your future careera worker or a laborer?” The following questions may help develop your ideas. ( Open. ),Key Words (B),Key Words (B),我指導過的許多人在決定職業時，沒有審視過自己認為最有價值的東西是什么，也沒有考慮過在選定的職業中，是否能夠實現這些價值。,1. Many people Ive counseled regarding career decisions havent looked at what they value the

24、most and whether these values can be attained in their chosen vocation. (Para. 1),2) Please translate the sentence into Chinese.,When people come to me for advice on choosing a job, most of them have no idea about what they want most from the job and whether they can obtain it from the job.,Sentence

25、s,1) What is the meaning of the sentence?,2. In this regard, choosing a vocation can be thought of as a public declaration of the kind of person we see ourselves as being. (Para. 3),2) Please translate the sentence into Chinese.,在這一點上，選擇職業可以被認為是我們把自己定位為某類人的公開宣言。,Different professions require differe

26、nt personal qualities. The profession we select reflects the kind of qualities we want to show in public.,Sentences,1) What is the meaning of the sentence?,3. It is difficult for people to feel positively about themselves or their occupation if they have to accept an occupation they perceive as low

27、in status. (Para. 5),2) Please translate the sentence into Chinese.,要是人們不得不接受他們認為是地位低下的某種職業，那就很難讓他們對自己或自己的職業有信心。,People will have a negative image of themselves or of their work if they think the job they are doing has a low status in society.,Sentences,1) What is the meaning of the sentence?,4. Int

28、erestingly, most studies show little direct relationship between measured aptitudes and occupational performance and satisfaction. (Para. 7),2) Please translate the sentence into Chinese.,有趣的是，大部分研究表明，在評估出的才能與職業工作表現及滿意度之間幾乎不存在直接關系。,It is interesting to find that having the ability required by the jo

29、b does not guarantee good work performance and career satisfaction.,Sentences,1) What is the meaning of the sentence?,5. Interests, unlike abilities, have been found to be moderately effective as predictors of vocational success, satisfaction, and persistence. (Para. 8),2) Please translate the sente

30、nce into Chinese.,已經發現，興趣在預測職業的成功、滿意度及其持續性方面是比較有效的。,Unlike abilities, interests are to some extent related to work performance. In other words, if you are interested in your work, you are more likely to obtain career success and job satisfaction, and less likely to give it up.,Sentences,1) What is t

31、he meaning of the sentence?,Comprehension,What is the authors opinion about the attitude that most students take towards choosing an occupation or career?,What do some students fail to consider when making career decisions?,Para.1,Comprehension,Why is making vocational choice a process rather than a

32、n isolated event?,What are the factors one should consider before making a career decision?,Para.2,Para.3,Comprehension,Why does the author say that a vocational choice is an attempt to fulfill ones self-concept?,What do people with a poor self-concept tend to do in choosing a vocation?,Para.3,Paras

33、.4-5,Comprehension,Why is education an important factor in shaping our attitudes towards occupational status?,What are the first-graders attitudes towards occupational status?,What changes do students make in their attitudes towards occupational status as they move to higher grades?,What may make pe

34、ople feel positively about themselves or their occupation?,Para.1,Comprehension,What do general abilities refer to according to the author?,What do specific abilities consist of?,Why is scholastic aptitude important according to the author?,Do you think people with the ability required by the job ca

35、n always perform well?,Paras.6-7,Para.1,Comprehension,Why is interest measurement an important factor in career planning?,What does the author advise students to do when they consider their interests in vocational planning?,Do you think interests should be given priority in ones vocational planning?

36、,Para.8,Para.1,Comprehension,What does the author typically recommend when he helps students make a decision in their choice of vocation?,What do most people consider when they make their career decision?,What does the author suggest to those whose central values are social?,Paras.9-10,Para.1,Compre

37、hension,Why is it important to decide which factors weigh more when we consider choosing a career?,What should people do if they want to be satisfied with the work they are doing according to the author?,Paras.11-12,When selecting a career or occupation, you have to consider many factors as discusse

38、d in Text B. Now work in pairs or groups to put the following factors in sequence from the most important to the least, and try to justify yourself by providing convincing arguments.( Open. ),Optional,The most important -The least important,Useful Expressions-A,in the strict sense,earn a living,manu

39、al job,mental job,coincide with,heart attacks,freedom from compulsion,at a guess,從嚴格意義上說,謀生,體力勞動,腦力勞動,與一致，相符,心臟病,擺脫強制,據推測,Useful Expressions-A,the division of labour,paid occupations,mass society,go in for,the masses,drug-taking,commit acts of violence,get ones teeth into,勞動分工,受雇職業,大眾社會,愛好，沉迷于,廣大民眾,

40、吸食毒品,進行暴力活動,埋頭做，認真做,Useful Expressions-A,a university counseling center,think seriously about,a given vocation,mean the most to sb.,make vocational choices,an isolated event,go through a series of stages,fulfill ones self-concept,大學職業咨詢中心,認真考慮,某一特定職業,對某人最有意義,選擇職業,一個孤立的事件,經歷一系列不同的階段,實現某人的自我概念,Useful

41、Expressions-A,keep ones ambitions low,derive satisfaction from,base on ones conviction,a public declaration,perceive as low in status,scholastic aptitude,verbal and numerical aptitudes,abstract reasoning ability,胸無大志,從中得到滿足,基于某人的信念,公開宣言,認為是地位低下的,學習才能,語言能力和數字能力,抽象思維能力,Useful Expressions-A,eye / hand

42、/ foot coordination,moderately effective,satisfactory job performance,vocational satisfaction,bring more enrichment to ones life,眼/手/ 腳的協調能力,比較有效的,令人滿意的職業表現,對職業感到的滿意,使某人的生活變得更加充實,動名詞的幾個用法 動名詞是動詞的一種非謂語形式，由動詞+ing構成，否定形式為notdoing，具有動詞和名詞的性質，在句中起名詞作用，可作主語、賓語、表語和定語。 這里僅介紹與本單元有關的幾個用法。 1）作賓語。如： e.g. Ilikes

43、wimming. 我喜歡游泳。 Heisfondofplayingfootball. 他喜歡踢足球。 Irememberdoingtheexercise. 我記得做過練習。 Itrieddoingitagain. 我試著又干了一次。 Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour. 誤了這趟火車意味著再等一個小時。,Grammar,2）作狀語 動名詞作狀語表示在進行一動作的同時所進行的另一動作，它對謂語動詞起修飾和陪襯的作用。動名詞作狀語可以表示時間、原因、條件、讓步、結果、方式或伴隨情況。 e.g. Havingcleanedtheroomswebegan

44、toweedthegarden.(時間) 打掃完房間，我們開始在花園里除草。 Beingill,hecouldntgotoschool.(原因) 因為生病，他不能去上學。 Workingdiligently,youwillcertainlysucceed.(條件) 只要刻苦學習，你會成功的。 Grantingtheachievementstobegreat,thereisstillsomethingtobedesired.(讓步) 盡管成績是巨大的，但仍有一些要求改進的東西。 Mycarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausingthedelay.(結果) 我的車被交通

45、擁擠堵住，所以延誤了。,Grammar,Travelingbytrain,wevisitedanumberofcities.(方式) 我們坐火車訪問了好多城市。 Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroom,readingabook.(伴隨) 瑪麗坐在教室的窗戶旁，正在讀一本書。 3）在短語devoteto, lookforwardto，stickto, tobeusedto, objectto, thankyoufor, excusemefor, be (kept)busy, havedifficulty / trouble / problem (in), haveago

46、od / wonderful / hardtime (in), theresnouse / good / need, feel / seemlike / getdownto等后的動詞也必須用動名詞形式。 e.g. Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon. 希望很快能收到你的來信。,Grammar,Grammar,Now, please do the tasks on Page 111 in your textbook.,writing,Write a composition of no less than 150 words on the topic “My Care

47、er Choice”. Your writing should cover the following points: the kind of job you prefer to do factors you consider when choosing the job conclusion,writing,Sample Writing,My Career Choice When it comes to the choice of career, different people consider the matter from different perspectives. Personal

48、ly I prefer to be a teacher. I have three reasons for my decision. The first reason is that the profession of teaching is in agreement with my personality. Being an outgoing, patient and understanding person, I think I am able to communicate with my students and understand their feelings easily, whi

49、ch constitutes an important factor in ensuring success in teaching. The second reason is that I am interested in the job. It would always give me great joy and satisfaction to,writing,Sample Writing,see the happy faces of my students, to share my knowledge and life experience with them and to partic

50、ipate in their process of growing up. The third reason is related to my occupational attitude. I always believe that school teachers all over the world are respected for their profound knowledge and higher social status. I have always held my teachers in respect and I hope I would be respected as a

51、teacher, too, in the future. I think teaching is an ideal career for me. Being a university student now, I will work hard to realize my dream. (198 words),Thank You!,Key to Get Started (1),Reference Key:,Work can provide us with the necessities of life, such as food, clothing and shelter. Work can a

52、lso provide us with spiritual satisfaction, such as happiness and a sense of achievement.,Key to Get Started,Key to Get Started (2),Reference Key:,There are several factors we should take into account when choosing a career such as interest, ability, personality, pay, and so on. Interest is where ou

53、r passion for work comes from. Ability guarantees that we are qualified for the job. Personality determines whether we are suitable for the job or not. And a good pay helps us to live a decent life.,Key to Get Started,Key to Get Started (3),Reference Key:,Most students would probably say that they w

54、ould choose an occupation which is related to what they are learning at college now and which would provide them with ample opportunities to develop their potential and prove their worth.,Key to Get Started,About Margaret Bourke-White (1904-1971): the first American female war correspondent and the

55、first to be allowed to work in combat zones during World War II. She made history with the publication of her photos of the Depression in the book You Have Seen Their Faces (1937).,Key to Quotes (1),Key to Quotes,About Warren Beatty (1937- ): a well-known American film actor, producer, screenwriter

56、and director. One of the most fascinating characters in Hollywood history, Warren Beatty has received some 30 wins and nominations, including the Oscar Academy Award for Best Director (Reds, 1881).,Key to Quotes (2),Key to Quotes,About Thomas Edison (1847-1931): an American inventor. Edison profound

57、ly influenced modern life through his inventions such as the light bulb, the phonograph, and the motion picture camera. During his lifetime, he acquired 1,093 patents, and marketed many of his inventions to the public.,Key to Quotes (3),Key to Quotes,About Theodore Roosevelt (18581919): the 26th pre

58、sident of the United States. He was one of the strongest and most vigorous presidents in United States history. His domestic social and economic reforms were the first federal attempts to deal with the problems created by a modern industrial society. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906.,Key to Quot

59、es (4),Key to Quotes,How to Choose the Right Career With some effort, perseverance, and guidance, youll be able to choose the right career for you. You will need: reflection, research and a belief in yourself. STEP 1 (Figure out your interests): List your passions and interests. Do you like working with your hands or sitting at a desk? Working with numbers or managing money? Teaching or helping people? Selling or creating things? STEP 2 (Identify strengths, skills, and