樂從中學2021—2022學年第二學期高二期中質量檢測英語試卷總分：150分考試時間：120分鐘第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分20分）第一節聽力理解（共6小題，每小題2分，滿分12分）材料及問題播放兩遍。每段后有兩個小題，各段播放前每小題有5秒鐘的閱題時間。請根據各段播放內容及其相關小題的問題，在5秒鐘內從題中所給的A、B、C項中，選出最佳選項。聽第一段材料，回答第1-2題。1.A.Thecharacter.B.Thepictures.C.Thelanguage.2.A.Awriter.B.Ateacher.C.Astudent.聽第二段材料，回答第3-4題。3.A.Byphone.B.Byemail.C.Inperson.4.A.LincolnHall.B.AlberthallC.BradfordHall.聽第三段材料，回答第5-6題。5.A.Inthefirstyear.B.Inthesecondyear.C.Inthethirdyear.6.APackthebooks.B.Answertelephones.C.Teachcomputers.第二節回答問題（共4小題，每小題2分，滿分8分）聽下面一段材料，然后回答問題，材料及問題讀兩遍。7.______________________________________8.________________________roundNorleyLake.9.______________________________________10.________________and_________________第二部分閱讀（共三節，滿分40分）第一節閱讀理解（共10小題，每小題2分，滿分20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AHSBC/BritishCouncilMandarinChinese(普通話)SpeakingCompetitionDoesyourschoolteachMandarinChinese?EnteryourstudentsintotheHSBC/BritishCouncilMandarinChineseSpeakingCompetitionandtheycouldbeheadingofftoBeijinginAprilnextyear!ThecompetitionisforUK,ChannelIslandsandIsleofMansecondaryschoolstudentsandcollegestudents.RegionalheatswilltakeplaceinNewcastleon6DecemberandinGlasgowon16DecemberthisyearandthefinalwillbeheldattheBritishMuseuminLondonon10FebruarynextyearTheprizeisaweek-longculturalvisittoBeijinginAprilnextyearforthewinningstudentsandtheteacherfromtheschoolofthewinninggroup.Entryrules:Aschoolmayenteruptoamaximumof3studentsforthecompetition.StudentsenteringtheBeginner.Intermediate(中級的),Intermediate+andAdvancedcategories:*mustbenon-nativespeakinglearnersofMandarinChinese;*maynotbefromaChinesespeakinghousehold;*maynothavelivedinacountrywhereMandarinChineseisanofficiallanguage.BeginnercategoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChineseforlessthan1year.IntermediatecategoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChinesefor1-3years.Intermediate+categoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChinesefor4-5years.AdvancedcategoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChineseformorethan5years.Theclosingdateforentriesis13Octoberthisyear.Forenquiries,pleasecontacttheBritishCouncil:Tel:01619577755;E-mail:chinaschools@.1.WhenwillthecompetitioninNewcastletakeplace?A.On13Octoberthisyear. B.On6Decemberthisyear.C.On16Decemberthisyear. D.On10Februarynextyear.2.Whofailstoqualifyforthecompetition?A.ABritishcollegestudentfromaMandarin-speakingfamily.B.ALondonerfromaWelsh-speakinghousehold.C.AhighschoolstudentofScotland.D.AnativeofNorthernIreland.3Whichcategoryshouldastudentwithatwo-yearMandarinChineselearningexperienceenter?A.Intermediate+. B.Intermediate. C.Beginner. D.Advanced.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了一項普通話演講比賽的情況，包括比賽日期安排、規則以及聯系方式等。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段中“RegionalheatswilltakeplaceinNewcastleon6DecemberandinGlasgowon16DecemberthisyearandthefinalwillbeheldattheBritishMuseuminLondonon10Februarynextyear.(今年的地區預選賽將于12月6日在紐卡斯爾舉行，12月16日在格拉斯哥舉行，決賽將于明年2月10日在倫敦的大英博物館舉行)”可知，紐卡斯爾的比賽今年12月6日舉行。故選B。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據Entryrules部分中“*maynotbefromaChinesespeakinghousehold(不能來自說中文的家庭)”可知，“一個來自講普通話家庭的英國大學生”沒有資格參加比賽。故選A。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段“BeginnercategoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChineseforlessthan1year.IntermediatecategoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChinesefor1-3years.Intermediate+categoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChinesefor4-5years.AdvancedcategoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChineseformorethan5years.(初級組是指學習漢語少于一年的學生。中級適用于已學習普通話1到3年的學生。中級+適用于已經學習普通話4到5年的學生。高級組是針對學習普通話5年以上的學生)”可知，有兩年普通話學習經驗的學生應歸入中級組。故選B。BToniMorrisonwasanAmericanwriterwhoreceivedtheNobelPrizeinLiterature.Hernovels,Beloved,SongofSolomonandothersexploredthewayAfrican-Americanssearchforfreedomandidentityinacountryobsessed(受困擾的)withskincolour.Morrisonwasnearly40whenshepublishedherfirstnovelTheBluestEyein1970.TheNobelPrizecommitteedescribedherwritingas“languageitself,alanguageshewantstoliberatefromrace”.HernovelsdiscussedAmerica’spast,focusingonblackhistoryandtheeffectsofslaveryandracism.Shecalledhercharacters“theunfreeattheheartofthedemocraticexperiment”.In1988,shewonthePulitzerPrizeforhernovelBeloved,thestoryofamotherwhokillsherbabydaughterratherthanpermithertoreturntoslavery.Itbecameabest-sellerandwaslatermadeintoafilm.ManyAmericansadmiredherasthecountry’sgreatestwriter,includingformerPresidentBarackObama.Shewasbornin1931.SheattendedHowardUniversity,anall-blackuniversityinWashington,DC.AtHoward,shereadAfrican,BritishandAmericanliterature,includingwritersWilliamFaulknerandVirginiaWoolf.Afterashortmarriage,shebecameasinglemotheroftwosonsandworkedasabookeditorinNewYork.SeveralpublishersrejectedherfirstbookTheBluestEye,butitimpressedTheNewYorkTimes’bookcriticJohnLeonard,whobelievedMorrisonwasanimportantnewvoice.Hesaidherwritingwas“sofullofpainandwonderthatthenovelbecomespoetry”.MorrisonenjoyedherliteraryfameandwasproudofherNobelPrize.4.WhatareToniMorrison’sbooksmainlyabout?A.Women’sequalityandrights. B.ThedevelopmentofAmerica.C.TheliteratureofAmerica. D.Blackhistoryandracism.5.WhichofthefollowinghelpedToniMorrisonreceivethePulitzerPrize?A.Beloved. B.SongofSolomon.C.TheBluestEye. D.TheNewYorkTimes.6.WhyisformerPresidentBarackObamamentioned?A.ToshowBarackObama’ssupportinliterature.B.ToproveToniMorrison’sgreatnessasawriter.C.TostressToniMorrison’scontributiontoAmerica.D.ToremindreadersoftheskincolourofBarackObama.7.WhatcanweinferfromJohnLeonard’swords?A.HethoughthighlyofMorrison.B.HerejectedthebookTheBluestEye.C.ThebookTheBluestEyemadehimpainful.D.ToniMorrison’sbookwashardtounderstand.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文講述了一個非裔美國作家ToniMorrison獲得了諾貝爾獎，以及美國最高榮譽的故事。本文介紹了她的個人經歷，她為她是非裔美國人以及獲得諾貝爾獎而感到驕傲。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中“HernovelsdiscussedAmerica’spast,focusingonblackhistoryandtheeffectsofslaveryandracism.(她的小說討論了美國的過去，重點是黑人的歷史以及奴隸制和種族主義的影響)”可知，她的小說主要是關于黑人歷史和種族歧視的。故選D。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“In1988,shewonthePulitzerPrizeforhernovelBeloved(1988年，她的小說《寵兒》獲得了普利策獎)”可知，幫助她獲得普利策獎的是小說《寵兒》。故選A。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“ManyAmericansadmiredherasthecountry’sgreatestwriter,includingformerPresidentBarackObama.(包括前總統巴拉克·奧巴馬在內的許多美國人都將她視為美國最偉大的作家)”可推知，文中提到前總統奧巴馬是來證明托妮·莫里森作為作家的影響力之大。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“SeveralpublishersrejectedherfirstbookTheBluestEye,butitimpressedTheNewYorkTimes’bookcriticJohnLeonard,whobelievedMorrisonwasanimportantnewvoice.Hesaidherwritingwas“sofullofpainandwonderthatthenovelbecomespoetry”.(幾家出版商拒絕了她的第一本書《最藍的眼睛》，但它給《紐約時報》書評人約翰·倫納德留下了深刻印象，他認為莫里森是一個重要的新聲音。他說她的作品“充滿了痛苦和驚奇，小說變成了詩歌”)”可知，約翰·倫納德對莫里森評價很高。故選A。CThesecrettohappinessiskeepingbusy,researchhasfound.Keepingthemindoccupiedwithtasks—nomatterhowmeaningless—keepsoffnegativeemotions,thestudyfound.However,thebadnewsisthathumansareseeminglyborntobelazyinordertosaveenergy,accordingtoProfessorChristoperHsee,abehavioralscientistatChicagoUniversity.Inastudy,98studentswereaskedtocompletetwosurveys.Aftertheyhadcompletedthefirst,theyweremadetowait15minutestoreceivethenextone.Theyweregivenachoiceofeitherhandinginthefirstsurveynearbyoratamoredistantlocationtheyhadtowalkto.Whicheveroptiontheychose,theyreceivedachocolatebar.Itturnedoutthatapproximatelytwo-thirds(68students)chosethelazyoption.Thosewhohadtakenthewalkreportedfeelinghappierthanthosewhohadstayedput.Prof.Hseeconcludedthatkeepingbusyhelpedkeeppeoplehappy.Hesaidthefindings,reportedinthejournalPsychologicalScience,hadpolicyimplications.“Governmentsmayincreasethehappinessofidlecitizensbyhavingthembuildbridgesthatareactuallyuseless,”heproposed.Attheindividuallevel,headvised,“Getupanddosomething.Anything.Eveniftherereallyisnopointtowhatyouaredoing,youwillfeelbetterforit.”Headded,“Incidentally,thinkingdeeplyorengaginginself-reflectioncountsaskeepingbusy,too.”“Youdonotneedtoberunningaround.Youjustneedtobeengaged,eitherphysicallyormentally.”8.Keepingbusycanmakepeoplehappybecause______.A.itcanhelppeoplegetridoflaziness B.itcanmakepeoplesleepbetterC.itcanhelpgetridofnegativeemotions D.itcangivepeopleasenseofachievement9.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Everybodyisborntobehappy.B.Onlybykeepingworkingallthetimecanyougainhappiness.C.Prof.Hsee’sfindingswerereportedinPsychologicalScience.D.Keepingbusygoesagainsthumannature.10.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toexplainwhathappinessis. B.Toadvisepeoplenottositaround.C.Toadvisepeopletodowhattheyliketo. D.Toshowpeoplehowtotakelifecorrectly.【答案】8.C9.D10.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。研究發現，快樂的秘訣就是保持忙碌，忙碌可以避免負面情緒。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Keepingthemindoccupiedwithtasks—nomatterhowmeaningless—keepsoffnegativeemotions,thestudyfound.”(該研究發現，讓大腦忙于任務——無論多么無意義——都可以避免負面情緒)可知，保持忙碌可以使人快樂，因為它可以幫助擺脫負面情緒。故選C項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中“However,thebadnewsisthathumansareseeminglyborntobelazyinordertosaveenergy,accordingtoProfessorChristoperHsee,abehavioralscientistatChicagoUniversity.”(然而，壞消息是，芝加哥大學行為科學家ChristoperHsee教授認為，為了節省能量，人類似乎生來就懶惰)可推知，忙碌有悖于人的天性。故選D項。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，并結合第一段中“Thesecrettohappinessiskeepingbusy(幸福的秘訣是保持忙碌)”、第二段“Thesecrettohappinessiskeepingbusy,researchhasfound.Keepingthemindoccupiedwithtasks—nomatterhowmeaningless—keepsoffnegativeemotions,thestudyfound.”(研究發現，快樂的秘訣就是保持忙碌。該研究發現，讓大腦忙于任務——無論多么無意義——可以避免負面情緒)和最后一段中“Youdonotneedtoberunningaround.Youjustneedtobeengaged,eitherphysicallyormentally”(你不需要到處跑。你只需要有事可做，無論是身體上還是精神上)可推知，本文介紹了keepingbusy的意義，目的是建議人們不要無所事事。故選B項。第二節語句排序（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）11.將下列幾個部分（A、B、C、D和E）按題號排序，構成一個符合邏輯的完整語篇。A.Smartphonesandtheirimmediatepleasurerewardyourbrainwithstimulustokeepyouwantingevenmore.B.Thedeviceusessensorstowarnuserswhenthey’reabouttorunintosomethingwhilelookingdownattheirphone.C.Askyourselfthishonestquestion,howmuchtimedoyouspendlookingatyourphone?Infact,howoftenhaveyouhitsomethingasyouwerewalkingwhilelookingdown?D.It’satrapthatmanyfallinto,butonlyafewhavethedeterminationtogetoutofit.Thedesignerofanewdevicewantstodrawattentiontothedangersofthisbehavior—beforeit’stoolate.E.IndustrialdesignstudentMinwookPaeng’sdevelopedaroboteyecalledtheThirdEye,whichattachestoasmartphoneuser’sforehead.【答案】CADEB【解析】【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種在看手機時提醒人們不會撞到東西的設備。【詳解】翻譯：問問你自己這個誠實的問題，你花了多少時間看你的手機？事實上，你有多少次在往下看手機的時候撞到了東西？智能手機及其帶來的即時快感會刺激你的大腦，讓你欲求不滿。這是一個很多人都會掉進去的陷阱，但只有少數人有決心擺脫它。一種新設備的設計者希望引起人們對這種行為的危險性的關注——以免為時已晚。工業設計專業的學生MinwookPaeng開發了一種名為“第三只眼”的機器人眼睛，它可以附在智能手機用戶的前額。當用戶低頭看手機時，該設備使用傳感器來提醒他們即將碰到什么東西。C項首先提出問題和疑問；A項接著敘述智能手機會刺激大腦讓你欲求不滿；D項接著描述這是一個陷阱，并指出已經有新設備避免這種問題；E項介紹名為“第三只眼”的機器人眼睛的開發者；B項接著描述“第三只眼”的功能。故填CADEB。第三節選句填空（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Figureskating(花樣滑冰),asweknowit,gotitsstartinthemid-19thcenturywhenanAmericannamedJacksonHainescombineddancingandskatingforthefirsttime.AmericansdidnotacceptJackson’stechniqueatthattime.____12____Thereheachievedanimmediatesuccess.Andabout50yearslater,Jackson’sstylefinallycaughtonintheUnitedStates.____13____FigureskatingfirstappearedattheLondon1908SummerGames,whilethefirstWinterGameswasheldin1924.Insingleskating,eachskaterperformsashortroutineofrequiredsteps.____14____Thepainskatingfollowsthesameformat,butwithonemaleandonefemaleperformingtogether.____15____Buunlikepairskating,icedancedoesnotincludeoverheadliftsandjumps.Anicedancecompetitionismadeupofthreeparts:onepartissettomusicthathasarequiredrhythmandtempoandtheothertwopartsaresettowhatevermusictheicedancerschoose.Apanelofminejudgesscoresthequalityofeachfigureskatingperformance,butonlyscoresofsevenjudgesareused.Todeterminewhichjudge’sscoreswillbeused,thereisarandomdrawbeforeeachevent.Skatersaregivenagradeforeachstep,jump,spin,oranyotherelementthatispartoftheirroutine.Theyalsoreceiveanoverallscoreforeachperformance.____16____A.ThereforehemovedtoVienna,Austria.B.JacksontriedtoteachAmericanshistechnique.C.Icedanceisperformedbyonemaleandonefemale,too.D.Figureskatingisoneofthemostpopulargamesintheworld.E.Thepersonorteamwiththehighesttotalscoreisthewinner.F.FigureskatingbecameanOlympicsportbeforetherewereWinterGames.G.Theyarejumps,spins,andcombinations,aswellasalongerfree-statingroutine.【答案】12.A13.F14.G15.C16.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。眾所周知，花樣滑冰始于19世紀中期，當時一位名叫杰克遜·海恩斯的美國人第一次將舞蹈和滑冰結合在一起。文章介紹花樣滑冰的歷史及有關信息。【12題詳解】根據上文提示“AmericansdidnotacceptJackson’stechniqueatthattime.（美國人當時不接受杰克遜的技術）”再根據下文提示“Thereheachievedanimmediatesuccess.”（在那里他立刻取得了成功。）承接上下文，A項ThereforehemovedtoVienna,Austria.（因此，他搬到了奧地利的維也納。）切題。該項通過Therefore與上文構成因果關系，且下文的There與該項中的Vienna,Austria呼應。故選A。【13題詳解】根據下文提示“FigureskatingfirstappearedattheLondon1908SummerGames,whilethefirstWinterGameswasheldin1924.（花樣滑冰首次出現在1908年的倫敦夏季奧運會上，而第一屆冬季奧運會在1924年舉行）”順承下文，F項FigureskatingbecameanOlympicsportbeforetherewereWinterGames.（花樣滑冰在冬奧會之前就成為了奧運會項目。）切題。這里在說花樣滑冰進入奧運會的情況。故選F。【14題詳解】根據上文提示“在單人滑冰中，每個選手都要表演一段規定步驟的短距離動作。”承接上文，G項Theyarejumps,spins,andcombinations,aswellasalongerfree-statingroutine.（它們是跳躍，旋轉和組合，以及一個更長的自由陳述的例行程序。）切題。該項中的They與上文中的requiredsteps相呼應。故選G。【15題詳解】根據下文提示“Butunlikepairskating,icedancedoesnotincludeoverheadliftsandjumps.（但與雙人滑冰不同，冰上舞蹈不包括高空升降和跳躍。）”可知此空處應該在說Icedance，順承下文，C項Icedanceisperformedbyonemaleandonefemale,too.（冰上舞蹈也由一男一女表演。）切題。且該項中的performedbyonemaleandonefemale,too呼應了上文中的onemaleandonefemaleperformingtogether。故選C。【16題詳解】根據上文提示“Skatersaregivenagradeforeachstep,jump,spin,oranyotherelementthatispartoftheirroutine.Theyalsoreceiveanoverallscoreforeachperformance.（滑冰選手的每一步、跳躍、旋轉或任何其他動作都有一個分數。他們每一次的表現也會得到一個綜合分數）”，承接上文，E項Thepersonorteamwiththehighesttotalscoreisthewinner.（總得分最高的為獲勝者。）切題。此處關鍵詞是score，上文提到每個動作都給一個分數，再加上綜合分，所以得分最高者就是獲勝者。故選E。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）Iwasquitenervousbeforemyfirstofficialjobinterview.IwantedtogoinhavingtheconfidenceandknowledgethatIneededto____17____theinterviewers.SoIpreparedsystematicallyfortheinterview.Iresearchedallofthe____18____questionsaskedandwaystobestanswerthem,Ipracticedmy____19____,Iwrotedowntipstokeepinmind,andIpickedoutthe____20____clothesfortheinterview.ThenIpracticedaninterviewwithmyprofessorwhogavemegood____21____thatcalmedmedown.Hesaid,“Justmakesmalltalkand____22____.Youknowwhatyouknow,sodon’tpretendthatyouknowsomethingyoudon’t.”Sooften,peopletryto____23____theyhavebadexperiencesorhave____24____informationthattheydon’t.Doyourresearch,ofcourse,butIhave____25____thatthekeytohavingagoodinterviewisto____26____.Aftersimplyreflectingonmyexperiences,whatlessonswentwellandwhatdidnot,____27____Ihadwithmystudentsandstaff,etc.Iwasabletonotonlymorequicklyand____28____sharepersonalexamplesofwhyIbelievedthethingsIbelieved,buthowmyviewpointsand____29____asateacherhadplayedout.AndIhavealsorealizedthattalkingaboutthoseexperiences____30____broughtoutmyenjoymentandpassionforteaching____31____justspeakinghypothetically(假設性地)abouthowIwouldrunmyclassroom.Overall,theinterviewwasfinallyasuccessinmyeyes!17.A.turnto B.debatewith C.winover D.workfor18.A.similar B.awkward C.secret D.common19A.self-assessment B.self-awareness C.responses D.approaches20.A.casual B.expensive C.fashionable D.perfect21.A.news B.advice C.motivation D.protection22.A.showoff B.bequick C.beyourself D.givein23.A.pretend B.believe C.explain D.accept24.A.sent B.supplied C.desired D.known25.A.admitted B.expected C.realized D.predicted26.A.reflect B.conclude C.improve D.doubt27.A.quarrels B.relationships C.bargains D.appointments28.A.effectively B.mistakably C.occasionally D.uncertainly29.A.career B.failure C.anxiety D.passion30.A.originally B.naturally C.hardly D.unnecessarily31.A.ratherthan B.regardlessof C.thanksto D.asfor【答案】17.C18.D19.A20.D21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.A29.D30.B31.A【解析】【導語】本文為一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者想在面試中成功而付出了努力，并總結出：面試成功的關鍵是反思。【17題詳解】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：我想要有足夠的信心和知識去贏得面試官的支持。A.turnto求助；B.debatewith辯論；C.winover贏得支持；D.workfor雇傭。結合后文“SoIpreparedsystematicallyfortheinterview.(所以我系統地為面試做了準備。)”可知，我需要面試，想要贏得面試官的支持。故選C項。【18題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我研究了所有常見的問題以及回答它們的最佳方法，練習了自我評估，寫下了要牢記在心的小貼士，為面試挑選了最完美的衣服。A.similar類似的；B.awkward尷尬的；C.secret秘密的；D.common常見的。結合后文“waystobestanswerthem”，推測我正在準備各種常見的問題以及對這些問題最好的回答。故選D項。【19題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我研究了所有常見的問題以及回答它們的最佳方法，練習了自我評估，寫下了要牢記在心的小貼士，為面試挑選了最完美的衣服。A.self-assessment自我評估；B.self-awareness自我認識；C.responses回復；D.approaches辦法。結合后文“Aftersimplyreflectingonmyexperiences”，后文我進行了簡單的反思回顧，推測此處我在面試前練習自我評估。故選A項。【20題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我研究了所有常見的問題以及回答它們的最佳方法，練習了自我評估，寫下了要牢記在心的小貼士，為面試挑選了最完美的衣服。A.casual休閑的；B.expensive昂貴的；C.fashionable時尚的；D.perfect完美的。結合后文“fortheinterview”以及常識可知，面試時選擇的衣服應該是最完美的。故選D項。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我和我的教授練習了一次面試，他給了我很好的建議，使我平靜下來。A.news新聞；B.advice建議；C.motivation動機；D.protection保護。結合后文“Youknowwhatyouknow,sodon’tpretendthatyouknowsomethingyoudon’t.(你知道你所知道的，所以不要假裝你知道一些你不知道的事情。)可知教授給了我很好的建議。故選B項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：隨便聊聊，做你自己就好。A.showoff炫耀；B.bequick快點；C.beyourself做你自己；D.givein屈服，讓步。結合后文“Youknowwhatyouknow,sodon’tpretendthatyouknowsomethingyoudon’t.(你知道你所知道的，所以不要假裝你知道一些你不知道的事情。)”可知，教授建議我做自己，不要假裝知道不知道的事情。故選C項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很多時候，人們試圖假裝他們有不好的經歷或者知道他們不知道的信息。A.pretend假裝；B.believe相信；C.explain解釋；D.accept接受。結合前文“Youknowwhatyouknow,sodon’tpretendthatyouknowsomethingyoudon’t.(你知道你所知道的，所以不要假裝你知道一些你不知道的事情。)”可知，人們往往會假裝他們有不好的經歷來欺騙面試官。故選A項。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很多時候，人們試圖假裝他們有不好的經歷或者知道他們不知道的信息。A.sent發送；B.supplied應用；C.desired渴望；D.known知道。結合前文“Youknowwhatyouknow,sodon’tpretendthatyouknowsomethingyoudon’t.(你知道你所知道的，所以不要假裝你知道一些你不知道的事情。)”可知，人們常常會假裝知道他們不知道的信息。故選D項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當然，要做好面試前的研究，但我已經意識到，一個好的面試的關鍵在于自我反思。A.admitted承認；B.expected期望；C.realized意識到；D.predicted預測。結合后文“Aftersimplyreflectingonmyexperiences(在簡單回顧了我的經歷之后)”可知我已經意識到了一些面試的關鍵。故選C項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當然，要做好面試前的研究，但我已經意識到，一個好的面試的關鍵在于自我反思。A.reflect反思；B.conclude結論；C.improve改善；D.doubt懷疑。結合后文“Aftersimplyreflectingonmyexperiences(在簡單回顧了我的經歷之后)”，可知我意識到關鍵是需要反思。故選A項。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在簡單回顧了我的經歷之后，哪些課程進展順利，哪些課程不順利，我與學生和教職員工的關系等等。A.quarrels爭吵；B.relationships關系；C.bargains討價還價；D.appointments約會。結合后文“Ihadwithmystudentsandstaff”可知是我與學生和教職員工的關系。故選B項。【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我不僅能夠更快更有效地分享我為什么相信我所相信的事情的個人例子，而且能夠分享我作為一名教師的觀點和激情是如何發揮作用的。A.effectively有效地；B.mistakably有錯誤地；C.occasionally偶爾地；D.uncertainly不確定地。結合前文quickly，且空處用and連接，effectively表示我能夠更快和更有效地進行分享。用故選A項。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不僅能夠更快更有效地分享我為什么相信我所相信的事情的個人例子，而且能夠分享我作為一名教師的觀點和激情是如何發揮作用的。A.career事業；B.failure失敗；C.anxiety焦慮；D.passion激情。結合后文“broughtoutmyenjoymentandpassionforteaching”可知，此處是我能夠分享作為老師，激情是如何發揮作用。故選D項。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我也意識到，談論這些經歷自然而然地帶出了我對教學的享受和熱情，而不僅僅是假設我將如何管理我的課堂。A.originally最初地；B.naturally自然地；C.hardly幾乎不；D.unnecessarily不必要地。結合語境可知，帶出我對教學的享受和熱情是自然而然的。故選B項。【31題詳解】考查介詞詞組辨析。句意：我也意識到，談論這些經歷自然而然地帶出了我對教學的享受和熱情，而不僅僅是假設我將如何管理我的課堂。A.ratherthan而不是；B.regardlessof不管；C.thanksto由于；D.asfor至于。結合前文“broughtoutmyenjoymentandpassionforteaching”及后文“justspeakinghypothetically(假設性地)abouthowIwouldrunmyclassroom.”為明顯的轉折關系，ratherthan意為“而不是”，表示轉折。故選A項。第二節語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Inabidtoholdasimple,safeandyetsplendidWinterGames,theopeningceremonyoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGames____32____(be)notlengthyormarkedwithalarge-scaleperformance.TheOlympiccauldron(主火炬)atthesnowflake-themedceremonywassmall,____33____theflamesconveyedsignificantmessagesofgreenerOlympicGames.Theuseof____34____(advance)technologiessuchasartificialintelligence,machinevision,5Gandcloudbroadcastingaddedtothenoveltyoftheopeningceremony.Theperformances,____35____carriedforwardthethemeofglobalpeaceandsharedfutureforhumankind,focusedonenvironmental____36____(protect),humanhealthandphysicalfitness.ToreducethecarbonfootprintoftheWinterGames,alltheOlympicvenueswererunoncleanenergy.Forexample,about70percentofthematerials____37____(use)intheGameswereobtainedthroughrenting,includingnewsportingequipmentfurnitureintheOlympicvillage,technicaldevices.Also,themedalplatforms____38____(make)ofrecyclableandenvironmentallyfriendlymaterials.More____39____(important),thrift,atraditionalChinesevirtue,canhelpbuildahealthysocialenvironmentforChinatorealize____40____(it)targetsofpeakingcarbonemissionsbefore2030andcarbonneutralitybefore2060.Allthismadethe2022WinterGames____41____importantOlympicstofocusonachievingcarbonneutrality.【答案】32.was33.but34.advanced35.which36.protection37.used38.weremade39.important40.its41.an【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是北京2022年冬季奧運會開幕式的先進性和環保性。【32題詳解】考查時態和主謂一致。句意：為了舉辦一屆簡單、安全、精彩的冬季奧運會，北京2022年冬季奧運會開幕式沒有冗長，也沒有大規模表演。通篇時態是一般過去時，主語openingceremony是單數，因此空格處是was，故填was。【33題詳解】考查連詞。句意：在以雪花為主題的開幕式上，奧運圣火很小，但圣火傳遞了綠色奧運的重要信息。由small和theflamesconveyedsignificantmessages可知，前后是轉折關系，空格處用表示轉折的but，故填but。【34題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：人工智能、機器視覺、5G和云廣播等先進技術的使用，為開幕式增添了新意。空格處用形容詞作定語，修飾名詞technologies，advance的形容詞是advanced，意為“先進的”，故填advanced。【35題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這些演出弘揚了全球和平和人類共同未來的主題，重點是環境保護、人類健康和身體健康。分析句子結構可知，空格處引導非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，先行詞Theperformances是物，因此空格處用關系代詞which，故填which。【36題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這些演出弘揚了全球和平和人類共同未來的主題，重點是環境保護、人類健康和身體健康。environmental是形容詞，修飾名詞，protect的名詞是protection，意為“保護”，是不可數名詞，故填protection。【37題詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：例如，大約70%的奧運會材料是通過租賃獲得的，包括新的運動器材、奧運村的家具、技術設備。材料與使用為邏輯上的被動關系，用過去分詞作定語。故填used。【38題詳解】考查時態，語態和主謂一致。句意：此外，獎牌平臺是由可回收環保材料制成的。根據常識和語境可知，獎牌平臺是由可回收環保材料制成的，“由制成”是固定短語bemadeof，主語platforms是復數，通篇時態是一般過去時，因此空格處是weremade。故填weremade。【39題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：更重要的是，節儉作為中國的傳統美德，可以幫助中國建立一個健康的社會環境，實現2030年碳排放峰值和2060年碳中和的目標。根據上文more可知為形容詞比較級，故填important。【40題詳解】考查物主代詞。句意：更重要的是，節儉作為中國的傳統美德，可以幫助中國建立一個健康的社會環境，實現2030年碳排放峰值和2060年碳中和的目標。it和targets之間是所屬關系，空格處意為“它的”，用形容詞性物主代詞its修飾名詞targets，故填its。【41題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：所有這些都使2022年冬奧會成為一屆致力于實現碳中和的重要奧運會。Olympics在句中表泛指，前面需加不定冠詞，important是元音音素開頭，不定冠詞用an，故填an。第四部分詞匯句型（共兩節，滿分20分）第一節：詞義匹配（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）根據句子內容，從每組的選項中選出能匹配句子中劃線部分意義的選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。A.tobecomegreaterinsizeandnumberB.inawaythatthereisnodoubtaboutit.C.adviseandtrytopersuadesbtodosomethingD.expectbadthingstohappenorsomethingriottobesuccessfulE.toreachthestandardofabilityorknowledgeneededtodoajobF.todosomethingortrytoachievesomethingoveraperiodoftimeG.somethingthatisabletobeusedorcaneasilybeboughtorfoundH.tohappenorappearforthefirsttimeinaparticularplaceorsituationI.afirmpromisethatyouwilldosomethingorthatsomethingwillhappenJ.somethingthatyouthinkismoreimportantandshouldbedealtwithfirstK.followingwhatistraditionalorthewaysomethinghasbeendoneforalongtimeL.theimportanceofsomething,especiallywhenthishasaneffectonwhathappensinthefuture42.WhenI’dqualifiedandstartedteachingitwasadifferentstory.43.Thegovernmenthasgiventopprioritytoreformingthetaxsystem.44.Ialwaysurgepeopletousetheircriticalthinkingskillsandkeepanopenmind.45.HegavemeaguaranteethatitwouldneverhappenagainsoIforgavehimandgavehimanotherchance.46.Thediscoveryofthenewdrugisofgreatsignificancetopeoplesufferingfromheartproblem.47.BaconandGalileiwerebraveenoughtostepoutoftheshadowsofconventionalthought.48.Noteveryoneispessimisticaboutthefuturebecausetheybelieveitisfullofchances.49.Allavailableevidenceindicatesthatthevirusdoesnotspreadeasilyfromanimalstohumanbeings.50.Theuniversitieshaveexpanded,thusallowingmanymorepeoplethechanceofhighereducation.51.Forothercountries,therailwaynetworkwilldefinitelycreatemoreopportunitiesforbusiness,tourismandsoon.【答案】42.E43.J44.C45.I46.L

47.K

48.D

49.G

50.A51.B【解析】【42題詳解】考查單詞翻譯。句意：當我獲得資格并開始教書時，情況就完全不同了。劃線詞qualified為動詞，表示“獲得資格”，E項“toreachthestandardofabilityorknowledgeneededtodoajob（達到做一項工作所需的能力或知識的標準。）”符合單詞含義。故選E項。【43題詳解】考查單詞翻譯。句意：政府把改革稅收制度放在首位。劃線詞priority為名詞，表示“優先”，J項“somethingthatyouthinkismoreimportantandshouldbedealtwithfirst(你認為更重要事情，應該首先處理。)”符合單詞含義。故選J項。【44題詳解】考查單詞翻譯。句意：我總是鼓勵人們運用他們的批判性思維技巧，保持開放的心態。劃線詞urge為動詞，表示“鼓勵，勸說”，C項“adviseandtrytopersuadesbtodosomething(勸告和試圖說服某人做某事。)”符合單詞含義。故選C項。【45題詳解】考查單詞翻譯。句意：他向我保證這種事不會再發生，所以我原諒了他，再給了他一次機會。劃線詞guarantee為名詞，表示“保證”，I項“afirmpromisethatyouwilldosomethingorthatsomethingwillhappen(一個堅定的承諾，你將做某事或某事將發生。)”符合單詞含義。故選I項。【46題詳解】考查單詞翻譯。句意：這種新藥的發現對心臟病患者來說意義重大。劃線詞significance為名詞，表示“意義”，L項“theimportanceofsomething,especiallywhenthishasaneffectonwhathappensinthefuture（某事的重要性，尤其是當這對將來發生的事有影響的時候。）”符合單詞含義。故選L項。【47題詳解】考查單詞翻譯。句意：培根和伽利略足夠勇敢地走出了傳統思想的陰影。劃線詞conventional為形容詞，表示“傳統的”，K項“followingwhatistraditionalorthewaysomethinghasbeendoneforalongtime(遵循傳統或者長期以來一直沿用的方法。)”符合單詞含義。故選K項。【48題詳解】考查單詞翻譯。句意：不是每個人都對未來感到悲觀，因為他們相信未來充滿機會。劃線詞pessimistic為形容詞，表示“悲觀的”，D項“expectbadthingstohappenorsomethingriottobesuccessful(期望壞事情發生或某些暴亂事件能夠成功。)”符合單詞含義。故選D項。【49題詳解】考查單詞翻譯。句意：所有現有證據表明，該病毒不容易從動物傳染給人類。劃線詞available為形容詞，表示“可以獲得的”，G項“somethingthatisabletobeusedorcaneasilybeboughtorfound（能夠被使用或容易被買到或找到的東西。）”符合單詞含義。故選G項。【50題詳解】考查單詞翻譯。句意：大學已經擴招，從而使更多的人有機會接受高等教育。劃線詞expand為動詞，表示“擴大”，A項“tobecomegreaterinsize