LearningAboutLanguageDiscoverusefulstructuresII.WritedownthewordaccordingtotheChinese.26._____________

/?s??d??n/

n.外科醫(yī)生

27._____________

/?s??d??ri/

n.外科手術(shù)；外科學(xué)

28._____________

/?l?b??re??n/

n.解放；擺脫29._____________

/?e?v/

vi.,vt.&n.剃(須發(fā))；刮臉30._____________

剃掉；刮去31._____________

/b??d/ n.胡須；絡(luò)腮胡子32._____________

/d??st??b/

vt.打擾；攪亂；使煩惱33._____________

/?s?ɡ??ret/ n.香煙；卷煙34._____________

/?spe??l?st/ n.?？漆t(yī)生；專家35._____________

/k?n?s?lt?nt/ n.顧問；高級顧問醫(yī)師36._____________ /dr?ɡ/ n.毒品；藥物37.

_____________

/sk?p/ vt.

跳過；不參加；悄悄溜走vi.蹦跳地走；

跳繩

n.蹦跳

surgeonsurgeryliberationshaveshaveoffbearddisturbcigarettespecialistconsultantdrugskipIII.Payattentiontotheitalicizedinfinitivesanddiscussthemeaningsandfunctionsoftheitalicisedinfinitives.1.Tochangebadhabits

isnevereasy.2.Ittookthesurgeonthreehours

tofinishmymother’slungsurgery.3.TojointhePeople’sLiberationArmy,itisrequiredformen

toshaveofftheirbeards.4.Itwasnotpolitetodisturbyourneighborswithloudmusic

lastnight.【總結(jié)】1-4句子中動(dòng)詞不定式都是作____語。句3和句4中it作__________，真正主語是后面的_______。

主

形式主語todoLeadingin1.Differentformsofinfinitive.類別主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)意義一般式todo完成式進(jìn)行式/完成進(jìn)行式/tobedonetohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtohavebeendone發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之后發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前正在進(jìn)行一直持續(xù)IV.ObserveandDiscover.1.Toknowyourself________(be)difficult.2.Toloveandtobeloved________(be)thegreatesthappinessonecanget.3.Tolookafterthesenaughtyboys________(be)reallydifficult.4.Tosavemoneynow_________(seem)impossible.

Tip1:單一概念的動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用__________。isisisseems單數(shù)

1.It'sourduty________________________.

照顧老人是我們的責(zé)任。2.______tookmetwomonthstofinishthework.

我花了兩個(gè)月時(shí)間來完成這項(xiàng)工作。3.____isagainstmyprinciplestodosuchathing.做這樣的事違背我的原則。4.Itisdifficult______________________.

解決這個(gè)問題很難。5.Itwashard

_______

himtoliveonhissmallincome.

依靠他那點(diǎn)工資維持生活很難。6.Itwascareless_______youtoleaveyourumbrellaonthetrain.

你真粗心，把傘忘在火車上。

Tip2:為了避免頭重腳輕，常用it作形式主語放在句首，作主語的不定式常置于句末。

在

Itis+adj.+for

sbtodo...句型中，這類形容詞常表示動(dòng)作的特征，比如：easy,difficult,comfortable,pleasant,dangerous,tiresome,interesting,heavy等。

在

Itis+adj.+ofsbtodo...句型中，這類形容詞常表示人的性格、品質(zhì)，如good，kind，nice，foolish，polite，considerate，careless等。totake

careofItIttosolvetheproblemforof

1.________________themeetingisstillunknown.

哪里開會(huì)還未知。2.________________theproblemhasnotbeendecidedyet.

如何解決這個(gè)問題還未決定。3.________________themfromswimminginthisriverisaproblem.怎樣阻止他們在這條河里游泳是一個(gè)問題。4._______________________areyourownbusiness.

去做什么以及怎樣去做，是你自己的事。Tip3:與疑問詞how,what,when,where,which連用構(gòu)成不定式短語做主語。WheretoholdHowtosolveHowtopreventWhattodoandhowtodoit1.Toteachyoutheusesoftheinfinitiveismyjobtoday.(表具體行為)

教你們不定式的用法是我今天的工作。2.Teachingismyjob.(經(jīng)常性行為)教學(xué)是我的工作。Tip4：不定式做主語表示具體的某次動(dòng)作,特別是指將來的動(dòng)作；動(dòng)名詞做主語表示比較經(jīng)常性的、一般性動(dòng)作。

1.Toseeistobelieve.＝Seeingisbelieving.

眼見為實(shí)。2.Itisbettertostayhomethantogoout.

待在家里比出去要好。Tip5：如果主語用不定式，表語和賓語也用不定式；主語用動(dòng)名詞，表語和賓語也用動(dòng)名詞，這在英語中稱為對稱性。1.Itisnousecryingoverthesplitmilk.

覆水難收。2.Itisawasteoftimewaitingheredoingnothing.無所事事地等待是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。3.Itisnogoodtakingthismedicine.服用這種藥沒有用。Tip6：

在Itis+nouse/nogood/useless/fun/interesting/foolish/awasteoftime/apleasure...句型中常用動(dòng)名詞形式作真正的主語。

注意：如果該句型中用了for引出不定式的邏輯主語，就只能用不定式。Itisnogoodforustodothatexercise.我們做那種練習(xí)沒有好處。

1._____________(ignore)thiswouldbeamistake.

2.Howrudeitwasoftheboy___________(jump)thequeue!

3.__________(do)morningexercisesisgoodforyourhealth.4.Toimprovepeople'slivesandtospeedupsocialismconstruction________(be)twoimportanttaskstoday.5.Hetolduswhether________(have)apicnicwasstillunderdiscussion.

6.Itismyambition__________(make)surethatthedisabledpeoplehaveaccesstoallpublicbuildings.

7.Itisnotdifficult__________(grasp)aforeignlanguageifyouspendtimeandeffortonit.

8.Itisgoodmannersforyou__________(give)yourseattotheold.

9.Itisnouse________(try)togetbackthelosttime.10.Whatapityitisforyou________________(miss)suchagoodfilm.

V.Filltheblankswiththerightformofthegivenwords.ToignoretojumpDoingaretohavetomaketograsptogivetryingtohavemissed2.Jointhewordstomakefullsentences.1.important/avoid

/passivecigarettesmokingItisimportanttoavoidpassivecigarettesmoking.2.willtake/nutritionspecialist/abalanceddietmenu/make/anhour/

foryou____________________________________________________________3.useful/turnto/fitnessconsultant/foradvice____________________________________________________________4.illegal/dangerous/take/drugs____________________________________________________________5.harmful/skipbreakfast/often____________________________________________________________Itwilltakenutritionspecialistanhourtomakeabalanceddietmenuforyou.Itisusefultoturntofitnessconsultantforadvice.Itisillegalanddangeroustotakedrugs.Itisharmfultoskipbreakfast(too)often.Practice3.Completetheconversationswiththecorrectformsofthephrasesinthebox.1.A:Hello,doctor.Iwanttoloseweight,butIjustcan’tseemtodoit.WhatcanyoudotohelpmeB:Well,first,it’snecessaryto_____________whatyoueat.Cutoutallfattyfoodandsugarydrinks,andeatmorefruitandvegetables.2.A:Ireallyneedto________awaytoexercisemore.Icoulduseafitnessapp,butmyphone’sfull.B:Sodeleteafewfiles.I'msuretheappdoesn'ttakeupmuchspace.3.A:Beforeexercising,alwaysdoafewwarm-upsto___________.B:Iknow.ButthenIalwaysfeeltootiredtocontinue!4.A:ShouldIgoforthepizzaorthefriedchickenIhate_____________likethese.Youknowwhat—I'mgoingtoeatboth!B:Wow!Don’teattoomuchjunkfood—you’llgetfat.I’veactually_______________togoonadiet,soI’lljuststicktothefruitsalad.decideonbeginwithbeincontrolofmakeachoicedecideonmakeupone’smindbeincontrolofmakingachoicemadeupmymindbeginwithYoudon’tneedtobetoldthatitisdifficult1.______(lose)weight.Or,2._______(keep)theweightoffonceyouhavedroppedthosepounds.Now,itistimeforyou3.___________(identify)thefactorsthatcauseyouroverweight.Forinstance,youmaydiscoverthatyouspendtoomuchtime4._________(be)inactive.Or,thatyoutendtoskipmealsandsnackinstead.Onceyou5._____________(f