FiguresofSpeech英語修辭1精選版pptFiguresofspeech(修辭)arewaysofmakingourlanguagefigurative.Whenweusewordsinotherthantheirordinaryorliteralsensetolendforcetoanidea,toheighteneffect,ortocreatesuggestiveimagery,wearesaidtobespeakingorwritingfiguratively.2精選版pptCommonformsoffiguresofspeech1.simile2.metaphor3.personification4.metonymy5.synecdoche6.irony7.epigram(paradox)8.repetition9.antithesis10.parallelism11.euphemism12.transferredepithet13.oxymoron14.alliteration15.hyperbole16.litotes17.anti-climax18.assonance19.periodicsentence20.rhetoricalquestion21.onomatopoeia

22.pun23.antonomasia24.analogy3精選版ppt1.Simile(明喻)acomparisonbetweentwounlikethingshavingatleastonequalityorcharacteristicincommon1.用likeThewaterlaygreyandwrinkledlikeanelephant'sskin.Hereyeswerejetblack,andherhairwaslikeawaterfall.

4精選版ppt2、

用as表示Everytreeandeverybranchwasencrustedwithbrightanddelicatehoarfrost,whiteandpure,assnow,delicateanddefinedascarvedivory.

Hisfacewasasgreyasashes.Asthelioniskingofbeasts,soistheeaglekingofbirds.

3、

用what表示

Whatlightistotheeyeknowledgeistothemind.

Readingistothemindwhatexerciseistothebody.

Judiciouspraiseistothechildrenwhatthesunistoflowers.5精選版ppt2.Metaphor(暗喻)acomparisonbetweentwounlikethings,butthecomparisonisimpliedratherthanstatedSnowclothes

theground.Theshipploughedthesea.Alltheworldisastage,andallthemenandwomenmerelyplayers....Theboywolfeddownthefoodthemomenthegrabbedit.Heswambravelyagainstthetideofpopularapplause.main

artery

oftransportationintheyoungnation'sheart6精選版ppt3.Personification(擬人)afigurethatendowsobjects,animals,ideas,orabstractionswithhumanform,character,orsensibility

Life

dealthimprofoundpersonaltragedies...theriverhadacquaintedhimwith......toliterature'senduringgratitude...Bitternessfedontheman...America

laughedwithhim.TheMiddleEasterbazaartakesyou...Thewindowwinkedatme.

dancingflashes7精選版ppt4.Metonymy(換喻)(借代）afigureofspeechthatconsistsinusingthenameofonethingforthatofsomethingelsewithwhichitisassociatedInJapanthereisanincessantstrugglebetweenthekimonoandtheminiskirt.Shewasagirlwhoexcitedtheemotions,butIwasnotonetoletmyheartrulemyhead.heart:feelingsandemotionshead,brain:wisdom,intelligence,reason8精選版pptMetonymycanbederivedfromvarioussources:

a.NamesofpersonsUncleSam:theUSA

b.Animalsthebear:theSovietUnionthedragon:theChinese(afightbetweenthebearandthedragon)c.Partsofthebodyheart:feelingsandemotionshead,brain:wisdom,intelligence,reasonShewasagirlwhoexcitedtheemotions,butIwasnotonetoletmyheartrulemyhead.greyhair:oldage

9精選版pptd.Profession:

thepress:newspapers,reportersetc.HemetthepressyesterdayeveningattheGrandHotel.thebar:thelegalprofessione.locationofgovernment,businessetc.DowningStreet:theBritishGovernmenttheWhiteHouse:theUSpresidentandhisgovernmenttheCapitolHill:USCongressWallStreet:USfinancialcirclesHollywood:Americanfilmmakingindustry10精選版pptLet’sgotobednow.(bed---sleeping)Whatislearnedinthecradleiscarriedtothegrave.(cradle---birth,grave---death)Hispenwouldprovemightierthanhispickax.11精選版ppt5.Synecdoche(提喻)withpartrepresentingthewholeorviseversaTwoheadsarebetterthanone.Manyhandsmakelightwork.Thefootballmatchwasaclosecontest.Intheend,Chinawon.Theworldknowshisworth.Thecitypostedasign,whichturnedouttobeverycontroversial.12精選版ppt6.Irony(反語)afigureofspeechinwhichthemeaningliterallyexpressedistheoppositeofthemeaningintendedandwhichaimsatridicule,humourorsarcasmHiroshima---theLiveliestCityinJapanEachdayofsufferingthathelpstofreemefromearthlycarescongratulatemyselfonthegoodfortunethatmyillnesshasbroughtmemarchingbackwardstothegloriousageofthe16thcentury13精選版ppt7.Epigram(paradox)(警句)(雋語）abrief,pointedsayingthathasthenatureofaproverbThebestepigramsarethoseinwhichthereisanapparentcontradictionbetweentheintendedmeaningandtheformoftheexpression.Likeantithesis,epigramisbasedoncontrast.Businessisbusiness.(Friendshipisfriendship.)14精選版pptHomeishome,beiteversohomely.(EastorWest,homeisbest.)Alittlelearningisadangerousthing.IgnoranceisthecurseofGod,knowledgethewingwherewithweflytoheaven.Thedayhaseyes,thenighthasears.Asnowyear,arichyear.Wordsarewomen,deedsaremen.Onehastobecrueltobekind.Warispeace.Freedomisslavery.Ignoranceisstrength.Morehaste,lessspeed.15精選版pptHowyoungaretheold?Thechildisfatheroftheman.(Wordsworth)Afriendtoeverybodyisafriendtonobody.Themoreyougive,themoreyouhave.多施多得。Amanwhoisfullofhimselfisempty.(Donne)16精選版ppt8.Repetition(重復)Wehavebutoneaimandonesinglepurposenothingwillturnus---nothingWewillneverparley,wewillnevernegotiate...Thisisourpolicyandthisisourdeclarationasweshallfaithfullyandsteadfastly17精選版ppt9.Antithesis(對偶)thedeliberatearrangementofcontrastingwordsorideasinbalancedstructuralformstoachieveemphasisManyarecalled,butfewarechosen.Speechissilver;silenceisgolden.Manproposes,Goddisposes.Deedsshowwhatweare,words,whatweshouldbe....

betweenwhatpeopleclaimtobeandwhattheyreallyare......aworldwhichwilllamentthemadayandforgetthemforever18精選版ppt10.Parallelism(排比)useofparallelpartsofrelevantmeaningsandsimilarstructurestoemphasizeorrenderdepthtothenarrationThepast,withitscrimes,itsfollies,anditstragedies...Isee,...Isee...thereturnofthebread-winner,oftheirchampion,oftheirprotectorWeshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair19精選版ppt11.Euphemism(委婉語)thesubstitutionofanagreeableorin-offensiveexpressionforonethatmayoffendorsuggeststhunpleasantHewassentencedtoprison---Heisnowlivingatthegovernment'sexpenses.Hecommentedwithacrushingsenseofdespaironmen'sfinalreleasefromearthlystruggle.Theboyisabitslowforhisage.20精選版ppt12.Transferredepithet(移就)anadjectiveusedtolimitanounwhichitcannotlogicallymodifyIspentsleeplessnightsonmyproject.TheU.S.hasnowsetupalonelinessindustry.Darrowhadwhisperedthrowingareassuringarmroundmyshoulderas…Hemadehimselfaprofoundlybadcupoftea.Instantlyfromthedarkholesallround,therewasafrenziedrushofJews.21精選版ppt13.Oxymoron(矛盾修辭)formedbyconjoiningoftwocontrastingtermsMalonecalledmyconvictiona"victoriousdefeat".bittersweetmemoriesproudhumilityorderlychaosadamnedsaint22精選版pptcruelkindness害人不淺的仁慈（殘忍的仁慈）laboriousidleness令人膩煩的閑散（辛苦的閑散）painfulpleasure悲喜交集（痛苦的喜悅）

23精選版pptTheparentaldisciplinecanbedescribedascruelkindness.Sheisacleverfool.Heisacheerfulpessimist.Hewaspuzzledathercruelkindness.24精選版pptIt(NewYork)hasthepoorestmillionaires,thelittlestgreatmen,thehaughtiestbeggars,theplainestbeauties,thelowestskyscrapers,thedolefulestpleasuresofanytownIeversaw.(O.Henry:TheDuel)心靈最空虛的百萬富翁（最貧困的百萬富翁）人格最渺小的偉人（最矮小的偉人）最目空一切的草包（最目空一切的乞丐）最使人瞧不上眼的美女（最普通的美女）最卑鄙齷齪的摩天大樓（最低矮的摩天大樓）最令人悲哀的娛樂（最令人悲哀的歡樂）25精選版ppt14.Alliteration

orfrontrhyme(首字母押韻)therepetitionofaninitialsoundthatisusu.aconsonantintwoormoreneighbouringwordssliptoastoptestedandtreated...theslow,sleepy,sluggish-brainedslothstayed

athomeSpeechissilver;silenceisgolden.26精選版ppt15.Hyperbole(夸張)adeviceofcomparisonusingexaggerationorobviousoverstatementforcomicordramaticeffect.

takesyou...hundredseventhousandsofyearsinnumerablelampsincrediblyyoungwiththedustofcenturies:...cruisethrougheternal

boyhoodand...endlesssummeroffreedom...Thecastofcharacters…---acosmos.27精選版pptThebagweighed

aton.Youcannotcarryitwithyou.They

murderedusatthenegotiatingsession.Ihaveaseaofsentimentsandaworldofwordstospeaktohim,butfailtotellthemwithmypoorpen.28精選版ppt16.Litotes

orrhetoricalunderstatement(含蓄表達)theoppositeofhyperbole,whichcontainsanunderstatementforemphasis,frequentlywithanegativeassertion,oftenusedwithironicalintentionsIshan’tbesorrywhenit’sover.(Ishallbeveryglad…)It’snolaughingmatter.(It’sveryserious.)Heisnomeanscholar.(He’sagoodscholar.)Wearenotunpreparedforthewar.29精選版ppt17.anti-climax

(突降法)thesuddenappearanceofanabsurdortrivialideafollowingaserioussignificantideasandsuspensions.Thisdeviceisusu.aimedatcreatingcomicorhumorouseffects.

atownknownthroughouttheworldforits---oystersThedutiesofasoldieraretoprotecthiscountryandpeelpotatoes.

30精選版ppt18.Assonance(押尾韻)theuseofthesameorrelated,vowelsoundsinsuccessivewords

clanking,heel-clicking,…cowingandtying...ploddingonlikecrawlinglocusts,...smartingfrommanyaBritishwhipping...easierandsaferpreywhenbigotslightedfaggotstoburn...31精選版ppt19.periodicsentence(掉尾句)(圓周句）toleavethemostimportantpartattheendofthesentencesoastokeeptheaudienceinsuspense

Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatasinglemaninpossessionofafortunemustbeinwantofawife.WhenIawokeon...invasionofRussia.IfHitlerimaginesthat...woefullymistaken.AnymanorstatewhofightsonagainstNazidomwillhaveouraid.AnymanorstatewhomarcheswithHitlerisourfoe.32精選版ppt20.Rhetoricalquestion(修辭問句)aquestionthatneedsnoanswer,butusedforemphasisWasInotatthesceneofthecrime?…butcanyoudoubtwhatourpolicywillbe?33精選版ppt21.Onomatopoeia(擬聲詞)wordsimitatingthesoundsassociatedwiththethingconcernedThepatientgroaned

ashewasliftedontothestretcher.Thehingeofthedoorneedsoiling,itcreaks

everytimeitisopened.Thetickingoftheclockwastheonlysoundthatgreetedhim,fornotasoulremained.…withitsclanking,heel-clicking,dandifiedPrussianofficers,…Iamhungry,mystomachisrumbling.34精選版ppt22.Pun(雙關語)aplayonwords,orratheraplayontheformandmeaningofwordsDarwinisright---inside.Sevendayswithoutwatermakesoneweak.A:Whyareparliamentaryreportscalled“BlueBooks”?B:Becausetheyareneverred(read).A:Whatisthemostcontradictorysignseeninthelibrary?B:Tospeakaloudisnotallowed(aloud).35精選版ppt23.Antonomasia換稱與借代、典故相似，但它所使用的專用名詞卻常涉及歷史上或文學作品中的著名人物與事件。1.用專名詞代替普通名詞(1)Soloman,Zhugeliang---awiseman(2)Judas---atraitor(3)UncleTom---aNegrowhocompromisesandconformswiththeWhites(4)JimGrow---blackpeople(5)Romeo---love情郎36精選版pptItmaybecalledtheWestLakeofourprovince.I’