...wd......wd......wd...@大師兄英語·2015年考研英語一journalsarestrengtheningtheirstatisticalchecks.fewjournalsareblamedformistakesindataanalysis.lackofdataanalysisiscommoninresearchprojects.32.Thephrase“flaggedup〞(Para.2)istheclosestinmeaningto______.[A]found[B]revised[C]marked[D]stored33.GiovanniParmigianibelievesthattheestablishmentoftheSBoREmay______.[A]poseathreattoallitspeers[B]meetwithstrongopposition[C]increaseScience’scirculation[D]setanexampleforotherjournals34.DavidVauxholdsthatwhatScienceisdoingnow______.[A]addstoresearchers’workload[B]diminishestheroleofreviewers[C]hasroomforfurtherimprovement[D]istofailintheforeseeablefuture35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?______.[A]ScienceJoinsPushtoScreenStatisticsinPapers[B]ProfessionalStatisticiansDeserveMoreRespect[C]DataAnalysisFindsItsWayontoEditors’Desks[D]StatisticiansAreComingBackwithScienceText4Twoyearsago,RupertMurdoch’sdaughter,Elisabeth,spokeofthe“unsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofourinstitutions〞.Integrityhadcollapsed,sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethattheonly“sortingmechanism〞insocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarket.But“it’sus,humanbeings,wethepeoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit〞.Drivingherpointhome,shecontinued:“It’sincreasinglyapparentthattheabsenceofpurpose,ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,mediaorbusinesscouldbecomeoneofthemostdangerousowngoalsforcapitalismandfreedom.〞ThissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswoundingcompaniessuchasNewsInternational,shethought,makingitmorelikelythatitwouldloseitswayasithadwithwidespreadillegaltelephonehacking.Asthehackingtrialconcludes—findingguiltyoneex-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiringtohackphones,andfindinghispredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentofthesamecharge—thewiderissueofdearthofintegritystillstands.Journalistsareknowntohavehackedthephonesofupto5,500people.Thisishackingonanindustrialscale,aswasacknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsoftheWorldin2001tobethepointpersonforphonehacking.Othersawaittrial.Thislongstorystillunfolds.Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurposeframesnotonlythefactofsuchwidespreadphonehackingbutthetermsonwhichthetrialtookplace.OneoftheastonishingrevelationswashowlittleRebekahBrooksknewofwhatwentoninhernewsroom,howlittleshethoughttoaskandthefactthatsheneverinquiredhowthestoriesarrived.Thecoreofhersuccessfuldefensewasthatsheknewnothing.Intoday’sworld,ithasbecomenormalthatwell-paidexecutivesshouldnotbeaccountableforwhathappensintheorganizationsthattheyrun.Perhapsweshouldnotbesosurprised.Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeenthatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.Thewordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue,business-friendly,wealthgeneration,sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation.Wordsdegradedtothemarginhavebeenjustice,fairness,tolerance,proportionalityandaccountability.ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact.MsBrooksmayormaynothavehadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,butsheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions—norreceivedtraceable,recordedanswers.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwasupsetby______.theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanismcompanies’financiallossduetoimmoralpracticesgovernmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues5@大師兄英語·2015年考研英語一thewidemisuseofintegrityamonginstitutionsItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that______.GlemMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime.morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking.AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge.phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions.TheauthorbelievestheRebekahBrooks’sdefense______.[A]revealedacunningpersonality[B]centeredontrivialissues[C]washardlyconvincing[D]waspartofaconspiracy39.Theauthorholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrineshows______.[A]generallydistortedvalues[B]unfairwealthdistribution[C]amarginalizedlifestyle[D]arigidmoralcodeWhichofthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?______.Thequalityofwritingisofprimaryimportance.Commonhumanityiscentraltonewsreporting.Moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper.Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.PartBDirections:Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Howdoesyourreadingproceed?Clearlyyoutrytocomprehend,inthesenseofidentifyingmeaningsforindividualwordsandworkingoutrelationshipsbetweenthem,drawingonyourimplicitknowledgeofEnglishgrammar.(41)__________.Youbegintoinferacontextforthetext,forinstancebymakingdecisionsaboutwhatkindofspeecheventisinvolved:whoismakingtheutterance,towhom,whenandwhere.Thewaysofreadingindicatedherearewithoutdoubtkindsofcomprehension.Buttheyshowcomprehensiontoconsistnotjustofpassiveassimilationbutofactiveengagementininferenceandproblem-solving.Youinferinformationyoufeelthewriterhasinvitedyoutograspbypresentingyouwithspecificevidenceandclues.(42)___________.Conceivedinthisway,comprehensionwillnotfollowexactlythesametrackforeachreader.Whatisinquestionisnottheretrievalofanabsolute,fixedor“true〞meaningthatcanbereadoffandcheckedforaccuracy,orsometimelessrelationofthetexttotheworld.(43)___________.Suchbackgroundmaterialinevitablyreflectswhoweare.(44)___________.Thisdoesn’t,however,makeinterpretationmerelyrelativeorevenpointless.Preciselybecausereadersfromdifferenthistoricalperiods,placesandsocialexperiencesproducedifferentbutoverlappingreadingsofthesamewordsonthepage—includingfortextsthatengagewithfundamentalhumanconcerns—debatesabouttextscanplayanimportantroleinsocialdiscussionofbeliefsandvalues.Howwereadagiventextalsodependstosomeextentonourparticularinterestinreadingit,(45)_________.Suchdimensionsofreadingsuggest—asothersintroducedlaterinthebookwillalsodo—thatwebringanimplicit(oftenunacknowledged)agendatoanyactofreading.Itdoesn’tthennecessarilyfollowthatonekindofreadingisfuller,moreadvancedormoreworthwhilethananother.Ideally,differentkindsofreadinginformeachother,andactasusefulreferencepointsforandcounterbalancestooneanother.Together,theymakeupthereadingcomponentofyouroverallliteracyorrelationshiptoyoursurroundingtextualenvironment.[A]Arewestudyingthattextandtryingtorespondinawaythatfulfillstherequirementofagivencourse?Readingitsimplyforpleasure?Skimmingitforinformation?Waysofreadingonatrainorinbedarelikelyto6@大師兄英語·2015年考研英語一differconsiderablyfromreadinginaseminarroom.Factorssuchastheplaceandperiodinwhichwearereading,ourgender,ethnicity,ageandsocialclasswillencourageustowardscertaininterpretationsbutatthesametimeobscureorevencloseoffothers.Ifyouareunfamiliarwithwordsoridioms,youguessattheirmeanings,usingcluespresentedinthecontext.Ontheassumptionthattheywillbecomerelevantlater,youmakeamentalnoteofdiscourseentitiesaswellaspossiblelinksbetweenthem.Ineffect,youtrytoreconstructthelikelymeaningsoreffectsthatanygivensentence,imageorreferencemighthavehad:thesemightbetheonestheauthorintended.Youmakefurtherinferences,forinstanceabouthowthetextmaybesignificanttoyou,oraboutitsvalidity—inferencesthatformthebasisofapersonalresponseforwhichtheauthorwillinevitablybefarlessresponsible.Inplays,novelsandnarrativepoems,charactersspeakasconstructscreatedbytheauthor,notnecessarilyasmouthpiecesfortheauthor’sownthoughts.Rather,weascribemeaningstotextsonthebasisofinteractionbetweenwhatwemightcalltextualandcontextualmaterial:betweenkindsoforganizationorpatterningweperceiveinatext’sformalstructures(soespeciallyitslanguagestructures)andvariouskindsofbackground,socialknowledge,beliefandattitudethatwebringtothetext.SectionⅢTranslationDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Withinthespanofahundredyears,intheseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturies,atideofemigration—oneofthegreatfolkwanderingsofhistory—sweptfromEuropetoAmerica.(46)Thismovement,drivenbypowerfulanddiversemotivations,builtanationoutofawildernessand,byitsnature,shapedthecharacteranddestinyofanunchartedcontinent.TheUnitedStatesistheproductoftwoprincipalforces—theimmigrationofEuropeanpeopleswiththeirvariedideas,customs,andnationalcharacteristicsandtheimpactofanewcountrywhichmodifiedthesetraits.Ofnecessity,colonialAmericawasaprojectionofEurope.AcrosstheAtlanticcamesuccessivegroupsofEnglishmen,Frenchmen,Germans,Scots,Irishmen,Dutchmen,Swedes,andmanyotherswhoattemptedtotransplanttheirhabitsandtraditionstothenewworld.But,inevitably,theforceofgeographicconditionspeculiartoAmerica,theinterplayofthevariednationalgroupsupononeanother,andthesheerdifficultyofmaintainingold-worldwaysinaraw,newcontinentcausedsignificantchanges.Thesechangesweregradualandatfirstscarcelyvisible.Buttheresultwasanewsocialpatternwhich,althoughitresembledEuropeansocietyinmanyways,hadacharacterthatwasdistinctlyAmerican.ThefirstshiploadsofimmigrantsboundfortheterritorywhichisnowtheUnitedStatescrossedtheAtlanticmorethanahundredyearsafterthe15th-and-16th-centuryexplorationsofNorthAmerica.Inthemeantime,thrivingSpanishcolonieshadbeenestablishedinMexico,theWestIndies,andSouthAmerica.ThesetravelerstoNorthAmericacameinsmall,unmercifullyovercrowdedcraft.Duringtheirsix-totwelve-weekvoyage,theysubsistedonmeagerrations.Manyoftheshipswerelostinstorms,manypassengersdiedofdisease,andinfantsrarelysurvivedthejourney.Sometimesstormsblewthevesselsfarofftheircourse,andoftencalmbroughtinterminabledelay.TotheanxioustravelersthesightoftheAmericanshorebroughtalmostinexpressiblerelief.Saidonechronicler,“Theairattwelveleagues’distancesmeltassweetasanew-blowngarden.〞Thecolonists’first7@大師兄英語·2015年考研英語一glimpseofthenewlandwasavistaofdensewoods.(50)Thevirginforestwithitsrichnessandvarietyoftreeswasarealtreasure-housewhichextendedfromMaineallthewaydowntoGeorgia.Herewasabundantfuelandlumber.Herewastherawmaterialofhousesandfurniture,shipsandpotash,dyesandnavalstores.SectionⅣWritingPartA51.Directions:Youaregoingtohostaclubreadingsession.Writeanemailofabout100wordsrecommendingabooktotheclubmembers.Youshouldstatereasonsforyourrecommendation.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing〞instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartB52.Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressayyoushoulddescribethedrawingbriefly,explainitsintendedmeaning,andgiveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)8@大師兄英語·2015年考研英語一2015年全國碩士研究生入學統一考試英語一試題參考答案SectionIUseofEnglish(10points)1.ABCD2.ABCD3.ABCD4.ABCD5.ABCD6.ABCD7.ABCD8.ABCD9.ABCD10.ABCD11.ABCD12.ABCD13.ABCD14.ABCD15.ABCD16.ABCD17.ABCD18.ABCD19.ABCD20.ABCDSectionIIReadingComprehension(50points)PartA(40points)21.ABCD22.ABCD23.ABCD24.ABCD25.ABCD26.ABCD27.ABCD28.ABCD29.ABCD30.ABCD31.ABCD32.ABCD33.ABCD34.ABCD35.ABCD36.ABCD37.ABCD38.ABCD39.ABCD40.ABCDPartB(10points)41.ABCDEFG42.ABCDEFG43.ABCDEFG44.ABCDEFG45.ABCDEFGSectionIIITranslation(15points)這次由各種強烈動機驅動的人口遷移運動在一片荒蕪中創造了一個國家，而其荒無人煙的本質也讓這次人口遷移塑造了這個無人涉足過的大陸的品格和命運。美國是兩種主要力量的產物——具有不同思想、風俗和民族特征的諸多歐洲民族的移入和改進了這些特質的新國家的影響。但是，美國特有的地理環境的作用力、各種不同群體之間的相互影響以及在這個荒蕪的新大陸維系舊大陸生活方式的困難性引起了美國這個新興國家天翻地覆的變化。在15、16世紀探索北美大陸的100多年后，首批滿載移民的航船穿越大西洋駛向那片大陸，即如今的美國。這片樹木數量豐富、品種繁多的原始森林著實是一個寶庫，它從緬因州一路延伸至喬治亞州。SectionⅣWriting(25points)略〔詳見@大師兄英語真題解析及全文翻譯、考研英語真題音視頻講解〕@大師兄英語·2015年考研英語一2015年全國碩士研究生入學統一考試英語一試題試題解析SectionIUseofEnglish大師兄英語點評：2015年英語一完形是一篇名為“DNAofFriendship:StudyFindsWeareGeneticallyLinkedtoOurFriends〞的文章，該文講述的是朋友之間有相似基因，并且他們的嗅覺基因也相似這一研究發現。本文與原文的一致性很強，命題人沒有刪除任何段落。文章難度不大，多以詞匯題為主。1.【D】語法題。從第一個空格到最后整個句子是表語從句。主句和其中表語從句缺少連接代詞，A、B、C項均為連接副詞。只有D項為連接代詞。2.【B】句意判斷。第一句為本文的論點，而從后面的內容看該論點是一項研究得出的結論。選擇選擇B項。A項“防御；辯護〞；C項“撤回；取錢〞。3.【C】介詞搭配。根據句意：這份研究是對1932位獨特個體實施的全基因組分析研究。表示“在…身上〞用介詞on。選擇C項。4.【A】句意判斷。根據該研究的結論“朋友間有1%的基因是一樣的〞，以及此題后面的“unrelatedfriendsandunrelatedstrangers〞可知，此這是份研究“比照〞朋友間和陌生人間的基因發現的結論。選擇A項。5.【C】詞匯題。這些實驗對象被分為“無血緣關系的朋友〞和“無血緣關系的陌生人〞兩個“樣本〞。6.【A】句意判斷。根據后面“itisnotsotoageneticist〞〔但對于一個遺傳學家來說并不這樣〕可知A項“微缺乏道〞最符合題意。C項和D項屬于同義詞“令人難以置信的〞，與A項意思相反。7.【D】句意判斷。本句意思是“大局部人甚至都他們的第四代表親，但總能選擇我們親人的人為友〞這兩個空有一定的關聯性和邏輯性。A項“參觀〞；B項“想念〞；C項“尋求〞；D項“知道〞。只有D項最符合句意。8.【A】句意判斷。根據上一題和本文所闡述的“朋友間有1%的相似基因〞這個論點可知。“我們選擇的朋友與我們的親人〞A項“相似〞；B項“影響〞；C項“更喜歡〞；D項“超越〞。選擇A項。9.【B】本文開頭的論點是一個發現，而本句又出現了一個發現，只有B項“也〞符合邏輯。10.【D】句意判斷。根據前面的一句“...difficulttoexplain〞以及后面給出的解釋，可判斷，這是作者的猜想。只有D項“也許〞符合題意。11.【B】介詞判斷。前一句的意思是“這種相似性能將我們引至同樣的環境之中〞，這是研究團隊就朋友間為什么有一樣嗅覺基因給出的一個解釋，從后面一句“可能有許多機制……〞可知，作者認為“對此〞的解釋還有很多，只有B項介詞to有表示“對此，對〞的意思。12.【A】根據下文可知，有許多機制“驅使〞我們選擇基因相近的人為友。B項“觀察〞。13.【B】整個句子是作者解釋為什么朋友間有一樣嗅覺基因，前半句說因為有很多機制驅使人們選擇基因相似的人為友，根據邏輯判斷，后面的“functionalkinship〞應該不是擇友所需的，所以選擇B項“而不是〞。14.【D】句意判斷。根據前文中“functionalkinship〞〔起作用的朋友關系〕，可知交友為了D項“利益〞。15.【C】詞匯題。選項中有兩對反義詞，根據題意，首先排除A和D。再根據下文中“pickedpace〞可知，此處應為C項“較快的〞。16.【C】根據語意。空格后面是一個why引導的賓語從句，意為“人類進化在過去三萬年間得以加速的原因〞。能與這一賓語從句構成搭配的只有C項understand。A項forecast“預測〞與“過去三萬年〞相矛盾，B選項remember“記住〞和D選項“express〞均不符合文意。17.【B】該句的前半局部說到“人類進化在過去3萬年中加速了〞，根據題意可知，此處要表達出“社會環境是一種主要的促成性因素〞，所以選擇B。18.【D】A項endeavor“努力〞；B項“決定〞；C項“安排〞；D項“傾向〞。本文的討論的重點是解釋人們在交朋友的一種傾向，即選擇與自己有相似基因的人為友。因此正確答案為D。19.【C】結合上文，人們普遍希望和有相似基因背景的人。因而C項“種族的〞最合題意。20.【A】句意判斷。前一句是“盡管所有的研究對象都選自某個有歐洲血統的族群，但研究這還是所有研究對象，互為朋友的人和互為陌生人的人都來自同一族群。〞四個選項中，只有seethat“確保，務必〞1@大師兄英語·2015年考研英語一的意思符合。SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAText1原文標題：IsthewritingonthewallforallEuropeanroyals?來源：TheGuardian〔衛報〕原文鏈接：HYPERLINK"://theguardian/commentisfree/2014/jun/04/european-royals-juan-carlos-abdication-spain-monarchy-prince-charles"://theguardian/commentisfree/2014/jun/04/european-royals-juan-carlos-abdication-spain-monarchy-prince-charles大師兄英語點評：此文來自英國著名報紙《衛報》，講述的西班牙國王辭職的事件以及歐洲君主制的缺點和所面臨的問題，并提及英國王儲查爾斯對君主制的認識，指出其未能認識到君主的真正作用。原文一共10段，命題人對原文局部段落內容進展了刪減，本文的難點在于第34題，會有一定的爭議，該題需要一定的政治常識。21.【D】第一段第二句話提到“ButembarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicanleftintherecentEuro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstanddown〞〔但是令皇室顏面掃地的丑聞和近期歐洲議會選舉中共和左派的失勢使他不得不食言，并且走下王位〕。D項中“standdown〞是“endhisreign〞的同義，且“eathiswords〞說明了“embarrassment〞。故D是正確答案。A、B、C項均未提及。22.【A】從第三段最后一句話“mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure〞〔大多數歐洲王室家族得以存續是因為他們能讓選民不需要費心去尋找一位無爭議且廣受尊重的公眾人物來取代他們〕可推斷出，君主們本身就是“沒有爭議且受尊敬的人物。〞A項正確。B和C未提及，而根據第三段第一句“Itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpoliticsthatexplainsmonarchs’continuingpopularityasheadsofstate〞〔正是君主這種顯然能超越政治的作用才解釋了君主作為國家元首一直都受到歡送的原因〕可知D項“永久的政治化身〞錯誤。23.【B】根據第四段最后一句“itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocraticstates.〞〔那些有錢的王室家族竟然還能是現代民主國家的象征，這真是奇怪〕可知B項“王室貴族在現代民主國家的角色〞正確。根據第四段第二句“theirveryhistory—andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday—embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesandinequalities.〞〔但正是他們的歷史——有時是他們如今的行事方式——表達出了過時的和說不過去的特權和各種不平等〕可知C項錯誤；A項未提及；而D項并不奇怪。24.【D】答復這題需要一定的政治常識，即：伊麗莎白二世女王仍是的英國君主，查爾斯還尚未繼位，所以文中用了“thedangerwillcomewithCharles〞。這句說明英國君主是查爾斯的未來角色。根據第七段第三句“Hehasfailedtounderstandthatmonarchieshavelargelysurvivedbecausetheyprovideaservice—asnon-controve-rsialandnon-politicalheadsofstate〞〔他沒能明白這一點：君主國之所以能存續，很大程度上因為君主們是以無爭議無政治傾向的形象擔任國家元首的〕可知D項“他未能使自己適應未來的角色〞正確。文中并沒未提及有人建議查爾斯怎么樣生活，B項錯誤。A和C未提及。25.【C】本文以Carlos退位的事例講述君主制的利弊和歐洲君主制面臨的問題和所作出的改變，并不是討論查爾斯的問題。所以B和D排除。而文中也根本未提及A項中Carlos的榮耀，所以錯誤。Text2原文標題：SupremeCourtshouldbeginlayingoutprivacyprotectionsforsmartphones來源：WashingtonPost原文鏈接：HYPERLINK"://washingtonpost/opinions/supreme-court-should-begin-laying-out-privacy-protections-for-smartphones/2014/04/28/3266087c-cf1a-11e3-b812-0c92213941f4_story.html"://washingtonpost/opinions/supreme-court-should-begin-laying-out-privacy-protections-for-smartphones/2014/04/28/3266087c-cf1a-11e3-b812-0c92213941f4_story.html大師兄英語點評：本文來自《華盛頓郵報》，講述是最高法院考慮警察在逮捕嫌犯時能否在沒有搜查令的情況下搜查被捕者的手機，以及憲法應保護的個人數字隱私這一更大的問題。命題人對本文處幾處單詞修改之外，完整保存了原文，非常符合考研大綱的要求。本文最后兩段對于考生來講比擬難理解。題目的難度不大，答案容易在文中找到。26.【B】根據第一段第二句“TheSupremeCourtwillnowconsiderwhetherpolicecansearchthecontentsofamobilephonewithoutawarrantifthephoneisonoraroundapersonduringanarrest〞〔聯邦最高法院現在將考慮這2@大師兄英語·2015年考研英語一個問題：拘捕嫌犯時，如果嫌犯的手機就在他身上或旁邊，警察是否可以在沒有搜查令的情況下搜查手機里的內容〕可知B項正確。27.【C】根據第四段第一句“TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia’slameargumentthat...〞〔他們首先要摒棄加州提出的站不住腳的觀點…〕可知，作者的態度是C項“不贊同〞。B項“不關注〞。28.【A】根據第四段第三句“Butexploringone’ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome〞〔但查看一個人的手機則更像就如他或者她的家里〕可知A項“進入某人住所〞正確。D項是加州的觀點。29.【D】根據第五段第一句“Americansshouldtakestepstoprotecttheirdigitalprivacy〞〔美國人應當采取措施來保護他們的數字隱私〕和第六段第三句“...andtheycouldtakereasonablemeasurestoensurethatphonedataarenoterased〞〔他們能采取合理措施來確保手機信息不被刪除〕可知，作者的顧慮是D項。30.【B】作者引用OrinKerr的比照是為了說明其觀點，即第七段第二句“New,disruptivetechnologysometi-mesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution’sprotections〞〔具有破壞性的新技術有時要求憲法的保護性規定要推陳出新〕。B項“新技術要求對憲法的重新解讀〞與作者觀點相符。A項“憲法應被靈活地執行〞未提及。D項“憲法原則應當永遠不被修改〞與作者觀點相反。Text3原文標題：MajorScientificJournalJoinsPushtoScreenStatisticsinPapersItPublishes原文鏈接：HYPERLINK"://scientificamerican/article/major-scientific-journal-joins-push-to-screen-statistics-in-papers-it-publishes1/"://scientificamerican/article/major-scientific-journal-joins-push-to-screen-statistics-in-papers-it-publishes1/大師兄英語點評：本文主要講述《科學》期刊為提高其論文結果的可復制性而在其論文審查中增加“數據審查〞和建設“數據統計審查編委會〞以及多位人士對此的評價。原文一共9段，命題人刪去了最后三段，對本文并不影響。文章和題目的難度不大。31.【B】根據第一段第一句“ThejournalScienceisaddinganextraroundofstatisticalcheckstoitspeer-reviewprocess〞〔《科學》期刊正在向其同行評審程序中增加一輪數據核查〕可知A項“《科學》期刊欲簡化其同行評審程序〞錯誤；根據第二句“Thepolicyfollowssimilareffortsfromotherjournals,afterwidespreadconcern〞〔《科學》隨其他采取了類似舉措的期刊后推出了這項政策〕可知B項正確。C和D項文中未提及。32.【C】文中原文中句子“Manuscriptwillbeflaggedupforadditionalscrutinybythejournal’sinternaleditors〞〔論文的原稿將會被以便作額外審查…〕和前文可知，此處應為“重視，關注〞之意。A項“發現〞；B項“修改〞；C項“標記〞；D項“存儲〞，只要C項符合題意。flagup的英文解釋為：tobring(something)tosomeone'sattention;pointout使某人注意〔某物〕；指出33.【D】根據第四段最后一句“buthopefullythroughalargergroupofpublishingplacesthatmaywanttomodeltheirapproachafterScience〞〔也希望能作用于更多的可能會步《科學》后塵而采取同樣方法的期刊〕可知D項“為其他期刊樹立典范〞意思一致。A、B、C項均未提及。34【.C】根據第六段最后一句“hassomemerit,butaweaknessisthatitreliesontheboardofreviewingeditorstoidentifythepapersthatneedscrutinyinthefirstplace...〞〔Vaux說《科學》把一些論文交由數據統計學家審查的這個想法有些優點，但一個缺乏就是《科學》要依賴審查編輯委員會來首先確認哪些論文需要審查〕可知C項“還有改進的地方〞符合題意。其他項并未提及。35.【A】本文主要通過《科學》期刊在其同行評審程序中增加一項數據核查來嚴格論文審查，并建設了“數據統計審查編委會〞，然后作者引用了Giovanni、JohnIoannidis和Vaux等人對《科學》此舉的評價。所以A項“《科學》參加到推進論文數據審查努力中〞最符合題意。B和C項未提及。D項“數據統計學家重返《科學》〞這一點并不是本文重點。Text4原文標題：Asthehackingtrialproves,welackmoralpurposeinpubliclife來源：TheGuardian〔衛報〕原文鏈接：HYPERLINK"://theguardian/commentisfree/2014/jun/29/as-phone-hacking-trial-proves-we-have-lost"://theguardian/commentisfree/2014/jun/29/as-phone-hacking-trial-proves-we-have-lost-moral-purpose大師兄英語點評：此文也是來自《衛報》，實際上考研英語一和二的很多文章都是來自這份報紙。雖然題目難度中等，但完全理解這篇文章難度很大。本文開頭引述傳媒大亨默多克女兒伊麗莎白·默多克在愛丁堡國3@大師兄英語·2015年考研英語一際電視節上做的主旨演講的講話〔但命題人未提及此背景〕，本文主要講述的新聞集團旗下的《世界新聞報》的竊聽丑聞以及新聞行業道德缺失這一更大的問題。原文一共12段，命題人刪去了后面6段，對文章的整理理解有一定影響，另外，命題人刪去了本文開頭的一段背景，讓考生不好理解。如果考生對“竊聽門事件〞有一定了解，文章就比擬好懂。36.【A】根據第一段第一句中“unsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofourinstitutions,Integrityhadcollapsed,sheargued,beca