2020年考法點解真分22謂動（）考八非語詞時非謂語動詞和動詞一樣，也有時態和語態的變化，見下表（以do為不定式動名詞現在分詞

一般式進行式完成式一般式完成式

主動todotobetodonedoinghaving

被動tobedonetodonebeinghavingbeen過去分詞

done．謂動的時：謂動的作句謂動動同發或發在后非語用般；謂動的作生句謂動動之，謂動用成。Chinesebrands,__________theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesmarket.（江蘇）A.havingB.beingC.developeddeveloping【答案】【解析】這里是非謂語動詞作非限制性定語。邏輯主bands與是動關系，且非謂語動詞的動作發生在句子謂語動詞動作之前，故用現在分詞的完成式。______fortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.(2015天津A.

B.WorkedTobeworkingHavingworked【答案】【解析】這里是分詞作時間狀語，邏輯主Steve與work之是主動關系，且分詞的動作發生在句子謂語動詞動作之前，故用現在分詞的完成式。________thepastyearasexchangestudentHongKong,Lindaappearsmorethanthoseofherage.（福建）A.Spending【答案】

B.SpentC.HavingspentD.Tospend【解析】這里是分詞作原因狀語，邏輯主語Linda與spend之是主動關系，且分詞的動作發生在句子謂語動詞動作之前，故用現在分詞的完成式。_________workovertimethatevening,awonderfulfilm.重)A.HavingbeenaskedB.ToaskHavingaskedTobe【答案】【解析】這里是分詞作原因狀語，邏輯主語I與之是被動的關系，且分詞的動作發生在句子謂語動詞動作之前，故用現在分詞完成式的被動式。Igottotheofficeearlierthatday,_________trainfromPaddington.全II)A.caughtB.havecaughtC.toD.havingcaught【答案】【解析】非謂語動詞做原因狀語，應用分詞；邏輯主I與是動關系，應用現在分詞，又因分詞的動作發生在句子謂語動詞動作之前，應用完成式。考九非語詞語．般況，不式動詞邏主是動的出時用動式是受時用動；詞其輯語成動系，現分，成動系用去詞。Jimretired,hestillremembersthehappytime_______withhisstudents.2017北）toB.C.D.spent【答案】【解析】這里是非謂語動詞作定語，表示被動和完成，故用過去分詞。Thefilmstarsunglasses.Therefore,goshoppingwithout（2014北）A.recognizingbeingrecognizedhavingrecognized

havingrecognized【答案】【解析】這里是動名詞作介詞without的賓語。邏輯主語與recognize之間是被動關系，故用動詞的被動式；這里指一般情況，故用一般式。arestillmanyproblems______beforewearereadyforalongstayonMoon.（北）A.solving

B.solvedC.beingsolvedD.tobesolved【答案】【解析】表示將來的動作，應用被動式；邏輯主語與solve是動關系，故用不定式的被動式。Theairport_______willhelptourisminthisarea.四川A.beingB.tobecompletedC.completedhaving【答案】【解析】表示將來的動作，應用被動式；邏輯主語airport與是動關系，故用不定式的被動式。Shortlyaftersufferingamassiveearthquakeandtoruins,thecitytookonanew(2013江蘇A.reducingB.reduced

C.beingD.having【答案】【解析】連兩個并列的動名詞短語做的語Thecity和reduce間是被動關系，故用動名詞的被動式。ChinarecentlytightenedwaterscontrolsHuangyanIslandtopreventChinesefishing______inSouthChinaSea.(2012福建A.attacking【答案】

B.havingattackedC.beingattackedD.havingbeenattacked【解析】這里是動名詞作介詞from的賓語。邏輯主語boats與attack之是被動關系，故用動名It’simportantforthefigures______regularly.(2011北)

詞的被動式。A.beupdatedB.haveupdatedC.toupdatedhaveupdated【答案】【解析】由regularly知，不定式應用一般式thefigures與update是動關系，故用不定式的被動式。weretalentedactorstherejustwaiting(2010江西A.discoverB.tobediscoveredC.discoveredbeingdiscovered【答案】【解析】后接不定。邏輯主語與discover是動關系，應用不定式的被動式。2．require,want等動以作主，示需”時后動詞的動表被，用定，則用動；beworth后跟名，主式示被。’vehadagoodstart,next,morework_____toachievethesuccess.湖南A.beingdone

B.dotobedone【答案】【解析】表示需要，后接動名詞的主動式和不定式的被動式。Asaresultoftheseriousflood,twothirdsofbuildingsthe（陜）A.repairingB.needsrepair

needsrepairingD.needtorepair【答案】【解析need,want,require等詞，以物作語表“需要時，后跟動名詞的主動式表示被動，或跟不定式的被動式；主語twothirdsofbuildings是數，故選。3．定作語賓或形容后狀，其輯語間成賓系，定式主表被。Ialotofreadings_____beforetheendofthisterm.東A.completingB.tobeing【答案】【解析】表示將來的動作，用不定式作定語；不定式與所修飾的名詞之間是動賓關系，應用主式。Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant______.(2010四)A.dealB.dealingC.tobedealtdealt【答案】【解析】作賓語的形容詞后用不定式作狀語語；不定式與所修飾的名詞之間是動賓關系，應用動式。Ifthereisalotofwork__________,I’mhappytojustkeeponuntilitis2009上）A.B.tobedoing

doneD.doing【答案】【解析】不定式作定語，與所修飾的名詞之間是動賓關系，應用主動式表示被動。考十獨主結獨立主格結構是“名詞代詞形容詞副詞/介詞短/非語動詞分詞構成的一種結構，在句中作狀語。獨立主格結構主要考查的是名詞代后非謂語動詞的形式。表示將來的動作，用不定式；表示主動或正在進行的動作，用現在分詞；表示被動或完成的動作，用過去分詞。sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledhealthproblems.江蘇A.beingspent

B.havingspentspentD.spending【答案】【解析】這里是獨立主格結構作狀語time與spend之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞。Thelecture________,livelyquestion-and-answersessionfollowed.江蘇A.being

B.havingtobegivenD.havingbeen【答案】【解析這里是獨立主格結構作語lecture與give之是被動關系且give這動作發生在動之，故用現在分詞完成式的被動式。Thepartyheldingarden,.(2012國A.permittingB.topermitC.permittedD.permit【答案】【解析】weatherpermitting是立格結構，作條件狀語。Batssurprisinglylong-livedcreatures,some______alifespanofaround20years.浙)A.havingB.hadhaveD.to【答案】【解析】這是一個獨立主格結構，表示補充說明，應用分詞some與have之是主動關系，故用現在分詞。鞏練：Itisdifficultimaginehis__________thedecisionwithoutpermission.A.accept

B.acceptingC.toacceptD.accepted【答案】【解析】后跟動名詞作賓語。這里hisaccepting是動名詞的復合結構，作imagine的語。__________theforhalfanhour,oldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadtheinthecar.A.Waiting

B.ToC.HavingTohavewaited【答案】【解析】作時間狀語，應用分詞；邏輯主語he與是動關系，且分詞的動作發生在句子謂語動詞動作之前，故用現在分詞的完成式。ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang,wasreported__________theworldrecordinthehurdlerace.A.breakinghavingtohavebrokenD.tobreak【答案】【解析reported后跟不定式且不定式動作發生在句子語動詞wasreported這動作之前故用不定式的完成式。Dina,______forfindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.A.strugglingstruggledC.havingstruggledD.tostruggle【答案】【解析】非謂語動詞作非限制性定語。非謂語動詞的動作發生在謂語動詞ook前，應用完成式。__________reachonsentanemailinstead.A.FailB.FailedC.ToHavingfailed答案：。析：作原因狀語，應用分詞；邏輯主語w與fail是動系，且分詞的動作發生在句子語動詞動作之前，故用現在分詞的完成式。Thechildrenhomefromgrammarschool,lessons__________forday.A.finishing

B.finishedC.hadfinishedfinished【答案】【解析】逗號后面是一個獨立主格結構，theirlessons與是動關系，故用過去分詞。Istillremember______theFamenTempleandwhat