上海市第八中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto________theflowerlinedgarden.A．visit

B．payingavisitC．walkin

D．walkingin參考答案：D[考查非謂語動詞。句意：她向往每個春天的時候在花園里的小徑上散步。lookforwardto后接動名詞，B項缺少了介詞to，故選D。]2.JaminsistedthatthebookMr.Blackreferredto______.

A.wasworthbuying

B.areworthtobeboughtC.beingworthbuyingD.beworthbuying參考答案：D3.They________witheachotherfortwoyearsbeforetheygotmarried.A．hadfalleninlove

B．gotinlove

C．hadbeeninlove

D．fellinlove參考答案：C4.Iwasjusttogoout____itbegantorain.A．a(chǎn)s

B．when

C．a(chǎn)fter

D．whole參考答案：B略5.Itisuncertain________sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout，althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.A．that

B．whatC．how D．whether參考答案：B[句意為：盡管大約2000名患者已經(jīng)服用了這種藥，但是它會帶來什么樣的副作用還不清楚。受itiscertain/uncertainthat...句型的影響，易誤選that，但此句中空格處的詞不但引導(dǎo)真正的主語從句，還要作從句的賓語，即bringabout的賓語，起雙重作用，只能選擇what。how與whether無論是詞義還是擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)某煞侄疾环弦?。]6.Itwasin1969______twoAmericanswenttothemoonbyspaceship.A.when B.that

C.atthattime D.justthen參考答案：B7.—Howlongdoyouthinktheterriblesnowwill________？—Sorry,Ididn'tlistentotheweather________.A.getthrough;predict

B.castdown;predictC.fadeout;forecast

D.keepup;forecast參考答案：Dkeepup“保持”；weatherforecast“天氣預(yù)報”。D項正確。8.DuetotheheavyfloodinThailand,largequantitiesofsupplies______indesperateneedintheflood-strickenareanow.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.have參考答案：B略9.Whenyou______atask,problem,orsituationinaparticularway,youdealwithitorthink______aboutitinthatway.A.accuse

B.acquireC.attach

D.approach參考答案：D考查動詞辨析。A.accuse控告，指責(zé)；B.acquire獲得，學(xué)會；C.attach附屬，附著；D.approach接近；動手處理?！爱?dāng)你以特定方式處理任務(wù)、問題或者情況時，你便會以這種方式處理或思考?！惫蔬xD。10.Ihavebeenstudyinghard_______Iwon’tfailthecomingexam.A.sothat

B.evenif

C.asif

D.assoonasks5u參考答案：A11.Hewasinhospitalforsixmonths.Hefeltasifhewas___________fromtheoutsideworld.

A.cutout

B.cutoff

C.cutin

D.cutthrough

參考答案：B略12.Ican'tremember_____madetheteachergiveMarythepermissiontoleavetheclassearlier.A.thatitwaswhat

B.whatitwasthatC.whatwasitthat

D.thatwasitwhat參考答案：B13.

Theroomisverydark.Please______thelight.A.switchon

B.switchoff

C.putup

D.putdown參考答案：A14.

Ihadmytrousers________lastnight.

A.ment

B.mending

C.mend

D.mended參考答案：D15.Ifeelproudtobebornintoafamily______educationishighlyvalued.

A.where B.that C.which D.who參考答案：A16.TaiwanispartofChina,_______isknowntoalltheworld.

A.what

B.as

C.that

D.such參考答案：B解析：本題考察as引導(dǎo)的定語從句，as代替前面整個句子，在從句中作主語。17.Globalwarming______toresultinariseoftwofeetinsealevelsbythesecondhalfofnextcentury. A.isexpected B.isexpecting C.expects D.hasexpected參考答案：A18.Youcannotimaginehowshefinishedtherace_____herfootwoundedsobadly.

A.for

B.when

C.with

D.while參考答案：C二、短文改錯19.假設(shè)英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Whentheaccidentwashappened,Iwasstandingnearabusstop.ThereIsawanoldladywaitingabuswithherumbrella.Thebussoonarrived.Thereweretoomanypassengershurriedtogetonitthattheoldladycouldn’tgeton.Adriverclosedthedoorwithoutlookingcarefulanddroveaway.Unluckily,theoldlady’sumbrellawascaughtbythedoor.Heshoutedtothedriverbuthedidn’thear.Thebuspulledheralongtheroad.Finally,shefalltotheground.Severalminuteslate,theambulancecameandtookhertohospital.Ithoughtitwasthedrivershouldberesponsiblefortheaccident.參考答案：Whentheaccidentwashappened,Iwasstandingnearabusstop.ThereIsawanoldlady

去掉

waiting∧abuswithherumbrella.Thebussoonarrived.Thereweretoomanypassengershurried

for

so

hurryingtogetonitthattheoldladycouldn’tgeton.Adriverclosedthedoorwithoutlookingcarefuland

The

carefullydroveaway.Unluckily,theoldlady’sumbrellawascaughtbythedoor.Heshoutedtothedriverbut

Shehedidn’thear.Thebuspulledheralongtheroad.Finally,shefalltotheground.Severalminutes

felllate,theambulancecameandtookhertohospital.Ithoughtitwasthedriver∧shouldbelater

that或whoresponsiblefortheaccident.事故發(fā)生，不能用被動，happen無被動。等車應(yīng)該為waitforabusThereweretoomanypassengershurriedtogetonitthattheoldladycouldn’tgeton.此句考查so…that句型，所以，too不對。Thereweretoomanypassengershurriedtogetonit此句中passengers與hurrytogetonit之間為主動關(guān)系，所以用doing。Adriverclosedthedoorwithoutlookingcarefulanddroveaway.此句中的driver特指這輛車的司機，所以不能用a。Adriverclosedthedoorwithoutlookingcarefulanddroveaway.此句中司機沒有仔細看，修飾look應(yīng)該用副詞carefully。Heshoutedtothedriverbuthedidn’thear.此句表示哪位老婦人對司機喊叫，所以人稱錯了。Finally,shefalltotheground.此句時態(tài)錯誤。根據(jù)前后文此句應(yīng)該用過去式。幾分鐘之后，應(yīng)該用Severalminuteslater,而不用late，late表示晚的，遲到的。Ithoughtitwasthedrivershouldberesponsiblefortheaccident.此句為強調(diào)句型，所以要加上that/who.三、閱讀理解20.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。Readingisnottheonlywaytogainknowledgeoftheworkinthepast.Thereisanotherlargereservoir(知識庫)whichmaybecalledexperience,andthecollegestudentwillfindthateverycraftsman(工匠)hassomethinghecanteachandwillgenerallyteachgladlytoanycollegestudentwhodoesnotlookdownuponthem.Theinformationfromthemdiffersfromthatintextbooksandpaperschieflyinthatitstheoretical(理論的)part--theexplanationsofwhythingshappen--isfrequentlyquitefantastic(神奇的).Butthedemonstration(示范)andreportofwhathappens,andhowithappensarecorrectevenifthereportsareincompletelyunscientificterms.Presentlythecollegestudentswilllearn,inthiscasealso,whattoacceptandwhattoreject.OneimportantthingforacollegestudenttorememberisthatifAristotlecouldtalktothefisherman,socanhe.Anothersourceofknowledgeisthevaststoreoftraditionalpracticeshandeddownfromfathertoson,ormothertodaughter,ofoldcountrycustoms,offolklore(風(fēng)俗).Allthisisverydifficultforacollegestudenttoexamine,formuchknowledgeandpersonalexperienceisneededheretoseparategoodplantsfromwildgrass.Thecollegestudentsshouldlearntorealizeandrememberhowmuchofrealvaluesciencehasfoundinthiswide,confusedwildernessandhowoftenscientificdiscoveriesofwhathadexistedinthisarealongage.60.Inthelastparagraphthephrase"thiswide,confusedwilderness"refersto_____.A.personalexperience

B.wildweedsamonggoodplantsC.theinformationfromtheparentsD.thevaststoreoftraditionalpractices

61.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythepassage?

A.Thecollegestudentshavetroubleseparatinggoodplantsfromwildgrass

B.Craftsman’sexperienceisusuallyunscientific

C.Thecontemptuous(傲慢的)collegestudentswillreceivenothingfromcraftsmen

D.Traditionalpracticesareasimportantasexperienceforthecollegestudents

62.Theauthoradvisesthecollegestudentsto______.

A.becontemptuoustothecraftsman

B.bepatientinhelpingthecraftsmanwithscientificterms

C.learnthecraftsman’sexperiencebyjudgingitcarefully

D.gainthecraftsman’sexperiencewithoutrejection

63.Themainideaofthispassageisabout________.

A.whattolearnfromtheparents

B.howtogainknowledge

C.whytolearnfromcraftsman

D.howtodealwithexperience參考答案：60.D

61.C

62.C

63.B21.Robotshavealwayshadcertainadvantagesoverhumans.They’retypicallymadeofmoredurablematerialsthanthesofttissuecoveringhumanbodiesandsincetheycanberepairedintheeventofdamage,theycanbasically“l(fā)ive”forever.Butrobotsareusuallyheavyandawkward,andhumanshavealwayshadahugeadvantageintermsofdexterity.ThankstothemadscientistsatBostonDynamics,thatappearstobechanging.ThehumanoidAtlasrobot,whichhasalreadyshowedincrediblyimpressivehuman-likeabilities,justkeepsgettingbetterandbetter,andanewvideobythecompanyshowsthatitsfluidity(流暢)ofmovementhasnoweasilysurpassedyourown(andmine).Atlashasslowlybutsurelybeenlearningalotofnewskillsoverthepastfewyears.It’sgraduatedfromholdingboxesandawkwardlywalkingtosprinting(沖刺)overobstaclesandnavigating(導(dǎo)航)allmannerofdifficultterrain(地形).Thislatestshowisanevolutionofthoseskills,withtherobotshowcasingitsabilitytofalldown,spinintheair,andevendoarespectablehandstand.It’sessentiallyafull-fledged(經(jīng)過充分訓(xùn)練的)gymnasticsroutinebeingperformedbyarobot.Whetherthat’sawesomeorscarydependsonyourpointofview.Wecreatedthemaneuvers(招式)usingnewtechniquesthatstreamlinethedevelopmentprocess.First,anoptimizationalgorithm(優(yōu)化算法)transformshigh-leveldescriptionsofeachmaneuverintodynamically-feasible(動態(tài)可行的)referencemotions.ThenAtlastracksthemotionsusingamodelpredictivecontrollerthatsmoothlyblendsfromonemaneuvertothenext.Usingthisapproach,wedevelopedtheroutinesignificantlyfasterthanpreviousAtlasroutines,withaperformancesuccessrateofabout80%.Still,beingabletopullthisofffouroutoffivetimesisnothingtolaughat,andifAtlasisindeedlearningthingsfasterthaneverbefore,we’lllikelybeseeingevenmoreimpressiveroutinesinthenearfuture.12.Theword“dexterity”inParagraph1meanstobe_________.A.violent B.flexibleC.light D.stupid13.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstherobot’snewability?A.awesome B.scaryC.promising D.doubtful14.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingParagraph5?A.ToshowhowAtlasmadefull-fledgedgymnasticsroutine.B.ToexplainhowAtlasgotthenewmaneuvers.C.TopromotethedevelopmentofrobotsD.TointroducethetheoryofAtlas.15.Whatdoesthetextintendtotellus?A.Robotshavealwayshadcertainadvantagesoverhumans.B.Robotslikelyhavemoredevelopmentinthenearfuture.C.Atlascandoeverythingthatwewanthimtodo.D.Atlasisafully-trainedgymnastwithalotofskills.參考答案：12.B

13.C

14.B

15.B【分析】科技說明文。本文主要介紹了機器人Atlas的新發(fā)展，學(xué)會了更靈活敏捷的體操動作，將會更有前景。文章說明了Atlas學(xué)會的動作，以及這些動作是如何被創(chuàng)建出來的?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。結(jié)合上文Butrobotsareusuallyheavyandawkward,andhumanshavealwayshadahugeadv