第10頁（共10頁）Unit4SpaceExplorationSectionCDiscoveringUseful一、完成句子1．Haveyou________________(弄明白)whyshedidn'tinviteyoutoherbirthdayparty?2．Doctorsexaminetheirpatientsthoroughly______________________(為了)makeacorrectdiagnosis.3．Wecannotworkallthetimeifwearegoingto________________(保持健康)andenjoylife.4．...on12April1961,YuriGagarinbecame____________________(第一人)intheworld________________(進入太空)．5．Inspace,astronautscollectalldirtywater____________________(以便重新使用)itforlateruse.二、閱讀理解EdmundHalleywasanEnglishscientistwholivedover200yearsago.Hestudiedtheobservationsofcomets(彗星)whichotherscientistshadmade.Theorbit(軌道)ofoneparticularcometwasaverydifficultmathematicalproblem.Hecouldnotfigureitout.Neithercouldotherscientistswhodealtwithsuchproblems.However,HalleyhadafriendnamedIsaacNewton,whowasabrilliantmathematician.Newtonthoughthehadalreadyworkedoutthatproblem,buthecouldnotfindthepapersonwhichhehaddoneit.HetoldHalleythattheorbitofacomethadtheshapeofanellipse(橢圓形)．ThenHalleysettowork.Hefiguredouttheorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery.Thecometsthathadappearedintheyears1531,1607,and1682allhadthesameorbit.Yettheirappearancehadbeen74to79yearsapart.ThisseemedverystrangetoHalley.Threedifferentcometsfollowedthesameorbit.ThemoreHalleythoughtaboutit,themorehethoughtthattherehadnotbeenthreedifferentcometsaspeoplethought.Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.Thecomethadgoneawayandhadcomebackagain.Itwasanastonishingidea!Halleyfeltcertainthough(然而)tomakeaprediction(預言)ofwhatwouldhappeninthefuture.Hedecidedthatthiswouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley'spredictioncouldbetested.In1758thecometappearedinthesky.Halleydidnotseeit,forhehaddiedsomeyearsbefore.EversincethenthatcomethasbeencalledHalley'scomet,inhishonour.1．EdmundHalleyfiguredouttheorbitof________.A．somedifferentcometsappearingseveraltimesB．thesamecometappearingatdifferenttimesC．threedifferentcometsappearingatthesametimeD．severalcometsappearingatthesametime2．Halleymadehisdiscovery________.A．bydoingexperimentsB．bymeansofhisowncarefulobservationC．byusingtheworkofotherscientistsD．bychance3．WhendidHalleymakeasurprising,butcorrectprediction?A．In1704.B．In1705.C．In1706.D．In1707.4．Thispassageingeneralisabout________.A．HalleyandotherscientistsB．theorbitofacometC．NewtonandHalleyD．Halleyandhisdiscovery三、閱讀七選五PaintingTheartofcreatingpicturesusingcolors,shapesandlinesiscalledpainting.Museumsandgalleriesshowthepaintingsofprofessional(專業的)artists.Butpaintingisalsoapopularformofentertainmentandcreativeexpression.__1__Experiencedpaintersusuallyuseabrushtoapplyoilpaintstoacanvasclothsurface.Youngpaintersusuallyusewatercolorsonpiecesofpaper.Veryyoungchildrenmayusefingerpaintstocreatepaintings.Painterscanusetheirarttoexpressdevotiontoareligion,totellastory,toexpressfeelingsandideas,orsimplytopresentapleasingpicture.Religiouspaintingsoftenshowagodorascenefromasacredtext(圣典).Othercommonsubjectshavebeenfamouslegendsandeventsinhistory,aswellasscenesfromdailylife.Artistsalsopaintportraits(畫像),orpicturesofpeople.__2__Allofthesetypesofpaintingsshowthehumanfigureinsomeway.Somekindsofpaintingsdonotfocusonpeople.Inlandscape(風景)paintingthefocusisonscenesfromnature.Artistsalsopaintstillobjectssuchasfruitsandvegetables.__3__Someartistscommunicatetheirideasthroughpicturesthatdonotrepresentanyobject.__4__Paintingsdatingback15,000yearshavebeenfoundonthewallsofcavesinFranceandSpain.__5__Samplesofpaintedpottery(陶器)fromatleast5,000yearsagohavebeenfoundinChinaandIran.TheancientEgyptiansdecoratedtheirtempleswithbeautifulpaintings.PeopleinancientGreecepainteddecorativeobjectssuchasvasesinadditiontothewallsoftemples.A．Theseworksarecalledstill-lifepaintings.B．Theseworkscancommunicateaspecialfeeling.C．Humanshavebeenmakingpaintingsforthousandsofyears.D．Peopleofallagescreatepicturesusingavarietyofmaterials.E．Cavepaintingsgenerallyshowanimalsthatearlyhumanshunted.F．Thedesignofapaintingistheplanofitslines,shapesandcolors.G．Sometimesartistsmakeportraitsofthemselves,whicharecalledself-portraits.四、語法填空Chinasentupitssecondspacelaboratory,theTiangong2,onThursdaynight,whichwillbecomethecountry's1.________(large)scientificplatforminspace.Thelabwillundergo(經歷)preparationsinspaceforaboutonemonthandwilltaketwoastronautstothelabtoenterit.2.________astronautswillstayinsidethelabfor30days.Strictly3.________(speak),theTiangong2isChina'sfirstspacelaboratory.Microgravity(微重力),strongradiation4.________extremetemperaturesinspacecaninfluenceresearchonlifescience,physicsandnewtechnologies,soChinesescientistswillmakefulluse5.________theTiangong2todo6.________(experiment)thatarenotpossibleonEarth.TheTiangong2hasdevicestotestin-orbitrepairtechnologiesforChina'sfuturemannedspacestation,7.________(plan)tobebuiltaround2022.Moreover,eachsystemonthespacelabusesaspecialdesign,whichmeanstheycanbe8.________(rapid)changedorrepairedincaseoftrouble.ThisisthefirsttimethataChinesespaceship9.________(use)thespecialdesign.Thecountryisexpected10.________(have)theonlyspacestationaftertheInternationalSpaceStationisretiredin2024.一、完成句子1．figuredout2.inorderto3.stayhealthy4.thefirstpersontogointospace5.soastorecycle二、閱讀理解1．B細節理解題。根據文章第四段中的“Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.”及上文提到的看到彗星的時間分別是1531年、1607年和1682年可知，B項正確。2．C細節理解題。根據文章第一段中的“Hestudiedtheobservationsofcomets(彗星)whichotherscientistshadmade.”以及第三段中的“Hefiguredouttheorbits...byscientists.”可知，哈雷的發現是在研究其他科學家們的觀測結果時得出來的。故選C項。3．B細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“Hedecidedthatthiswouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley'spredictioncouldbetested.”可知，哈雷預測彗星會在1758年出現，而這需要過53年才能得到驗證，即1758－53＝1705。故選B項。4．D主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了科學家哈雷以及他是如何發現哈雷彗星的。故選D項。三、閱讀七選五1．D設空處是本段的小標題。根據空后的“Experiencedpaintersusuallyuseabrushtoapplyoilpaintstoacanvasclothsurface.Youngpaintersusuallyusewatercolorsonpiecesofpaper.Veryyoungchildrenmayusefingerpaintstocreatepaintings.”可知，本段主要講了不同繪畫水平的人使用不同的繪畫工具畫畫，D項正是對下文內容的總結。故選D項。2G上文內容“Religiouspaintingsoftenshowagodorascenefromasacredtext(圣典).Othercommonsubjectshavebeenfamouslegendsandeventsinhistory,aswellasscenesfromdailylife.Artistsalsopaintportraits(畫像),orpicturesofpeople.”介紹了各種風格的繪畫；下文內容“Allofthesetypesofpaintingsshowthehumanfigureinsomeway.”中可抓住關鍵詞“Allofthesetypesofpaintings”，由此可知，這里應該填一種繪畫風格。故選G項(有時候藝術家畫自己的肖像，這被稱為自畫像。)3．A在上句“Artistsalsopaintstillobjectssuchasfruitsandvegetables.”中捕捉到關鍵詞“stillobjects(靜止的事物)”，與A選項中的still-life相呼應。故選A項。4．C下文內容“Paintingsdatingback15,000yearshavebeenfoundonthewallsofcavesinFran