1、English Around the World 學案Step 1 Wordsnativeadj.本土的，本國的,土生的（+to）The giant panda is native to China.大熊貓是中國特有的動物。She was native to Taipei.她原籍臺北。n.本地人，本國人Are you a native here, or just a visitor?你是本地人，或者只是游客？base n.基礎，基地，基部The company has its base in New York and branch offices all over the world.公司總部

2、設在紐約，分支遍布全世界。vt.以為根據【搭配】baseon把建立在上，以為根據be based on根據，建立在上Alice always bases her opinions on the facts.愛麗絲的觀點總是建立在事實的基礎之上。，Her conclusion is based on scientific research.她的結論是建立在科學研究的基礎上的?！窘浀淅}】The film was made the World War II.A. base onB. based onC. base inD. based in【答案】Blatter adj.較后的，后面的，（兩者中）

3、后者的I find it hard to understand the latter part of his lecture.我發現他的講座后面局部很難理解。Did he walk or swim across the river?The latter seems unlikely.他是趟過河，還是游過河?后者似乎不可能。【辨析】late, later,latter,latelyl）late是形容詞，表示“遲到的，晚的如：You are late again!你又遲到了。2）later可作形容詞，是late的比擬級，意為“更遲的，更后的“；也可作副詞，意為“稍后, 隨后“，常與on連用。如：W

4、e will discuss this in detail in a later chapter.我們將在以后的一章中對這一點作詳細的探討。ril tell you later.我以后再告訴你。3）latter最常用的含義是“兩者中的（后者）”，常與the連用，固定搭配the former., thelatter.如:Here are Tom and David; the latter is my brother.這是湯姆和戴維;后者是我的兄弟。4)lately是副詞，意為“近來，最近如：Have you been to Beijing lately?你最近去過北京嗎？【經典例題】Did he

5、 go there by bike or on foot? The seems unlikely.A latter B late C later D lately【答案】Arequestl)n.請求，要求的事情They made an urgent request for help after the big snowstorm.暴風雪過后他們請求緊急援助?！敬钆洹縜t ones request=at the request of sb應某人的要求The teacher sang an English song at the request of his students-那位老師應學生們的要

6、求唱了一首英文歌。 make a request(for)請求Mr. Paine made a request that I should help him.佩恩先生要求我幫助他。2)vt請求，要求 request sb to doI requested him to come before ten.我要求他十點以前來。Visitors are requestud not to take photos.參觀者被要求不能拍照。request后接賓語從句時，從句的謂語動詞要用“should+動詞原形，should可以省略。此 用法也適用于request作名詞接同位語從句，說明要求的具體內容。如：H

7、e requested the police that they(should)go there at once-他請求警察馬上趕去那里。The secretary made a request that they should wait outside.秘書要求他們在外面等候?！窘浀淅}】Visitors not to touch the exhibits.A will request B are requested C are requesting D request【答案】Bcommand vt.命令O2+thatI command that he go at once.我命令他立即 就

8、去。I command you to start at once.我命令你立即動身。.指揮,統率;控制He was told to command his temper.有人叫他控制脾氣。.擁有，掌握n. 1)命令CWho issued the command to fire?誰下令開槍的？.控制，控制權;指揮,指揮權UHe has a hundred men under his command.他指揮一百個人。.掌握;運用能力UShe has a good command of spoken English.她的英語口語很熟練。6. recognize vt.).認出,識別;認識(+as)T

9、he policeman recognized her as a pickpocket.警察認出她是個小偷。He looked at the envelope and recognized Jennys handwriting immediately.他看了看信封，馬上認出是珍妮的筆跡。.)正式成認;認可，認定(+as)Many countries recognized the new government.許多國家成認了新政府?！窘浀淅}】Oh, its you, Xiao Ming! I you.Fve just had my hair cut and Pm wearing new gla

10、sses.A. didnt recognize B. havent noticedC. hadnt observed D. dont find【答案】AStep 2 PhrasesL come up走近，至I來；被提出While we were talking, a stranger came up to us and asked for some money.我們在交談時，一個陌生人走近我們，向我們要錢。The problem came up at the meeting yesterday.這個問題昨天在會上被提出來了?！疽族e】come up表示被提出時，主動形式表示被動含義，無需再使用被

11、動形式。【聯想】與come有關的短語come about 產生，發生 come out 出版， come up with 提出 come across 彳禺遇 come to共計；涉及；達成【經典例題】Can you explain how it that you missed the morning classes?A came about B came toC came up D came across【答案】Aat present現在，目前Mother is busy preparing dinner at present. 媽媽現在正忙著做飯。I cant get in touch w

12、ith him at present.我現在無法和他取得聯系。【聯想】Dpresentn.禮物，現在；2)adj.出席，在場，當前的，現在的present意為“出席，在場”且作定語時，置于名詞、代詞之后；意為“當前的”且作定語時，置于名詞之前。如：They are making a careful study of the present situation of the world-他們正在仔細研究當前的世界局勢。Everyone present at the meeting was strongly against the decision-參加會議的每個人都強烈反對這項決定。vt.贈送，

13、呈獻(with)They presented him with a bunch of flowers.他們獻給他一束鮮花4)presence n.在場，出席I was surprised by the presence of so many people at the meeting.這么多人出席會議使我感到吃驚?！窘浀淅}】All the people at the party were his supporters.(2002)A. presentB. thankful C. interestedD. important【答案】Amake use of 用J 用【用法】use前可用good

14、, full, poor, little等詞修飾。如：As a student,you must make full use of your spare time.作為學生，你必須充分利用課余時間。 Make good use of every chance to practise speaking English and your spoken English will be better soon.充分利用每一次練習說英語的機會，那么，你的英語口語很快就會變好。【聯想】與make有關的短語Make friends with 和交朋友 make fun of 取笑 make a decisi

15、on 作出決定 make a face/faces扮鬼臉 make progress in在取得進步 【經典例題】Every minute must be made full use of spoken English.A to practice B practicing C practice D practised【答案】Asuch as例如,諸如此類，像這樣的Ball games such as basketball and football are very exciting.球類運動，如籃球和足球，都很激動人心?！颈嫖觥縮uch as, for example, that isl)su

16、ch as用于列舉同類人或事物中的假設干例子,但不能全部列出。如：Mr Wang is good at several foreign languages, such as English and French.王先生精通好幾門外語，比方英語和法語。for example 一般只列舉幾類人或事物中的“一個”，其位置可在句首、句中或句末，經常 用逗號分開。如：Mr Wang is good at several foreign languages, for example, English.王先生精通好幾門外語，比方英語。that is所列舉的數量等同于所提人或事物的總數，也需要用逗號隔開，此時

17、不能用such as 或 for example。如：Mr Wang is good at two foreign languages,that is, English and French.王先生精通兩門外語，即英語和法語。Only one boy student won the first prize in the maths contest, that is, Mike. 只有一名男生在數學競賽中獲得一等獎，就是邁克。【經典例題】Many famous singers,Wang Fei and SHE, have acted in films.A such B for example C

18、 that is D such as【答案】Dplay a part in在中起作用，在中扮演角色Computer is playing a more and more important part in our daily life.電腦在我們的日常生活中正起著越來越重要的作用。She was unhappy because she played a small part in the play.她不開心是因為她在戲中扮演一個小角色。【聯想】與play a part in意思相同的短語有play a role in?！窘浀淅}】The new economic development zon

19、e will in the development of the area.A play a leading part B take part C play leading part D take a part【答案】Aa number of.意思是“一些，假設干(=some),后接可數名詞復數或代詞，謂語動詞用 復數形式。a number of詞組中還可以加入形容詞表示數量大或小等(例如：a large/small number of. 許多/少數)o【辨析】a number of, the number ofthe number of意思是“的數字/數目”，介詞of同其后名詞構成介詞短語，

20、修飾the number,當它作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。例如：Many people took part in 10,000-metre race, but only a number of them kept on running to the en d.許多人參加了 10000米跑，但只有一些人堅持跑到底。A number of my friends think I should take a holiday.我的一些朋友認為我應該休假。The number of students is about twenty.學生人數大約是20人左右。【經典例題】A number of people

21、been invited to the party, but the exact number still unknown.A has; is B have; are C has; are D have; is【答案】DStep 3 Key sentencesLater in the next century, people from Englan made vovages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. 后來

22、, 在下個世必己, 英國人開始航海征服世界其他地區。許多別的國家因此而開始說英語。(1)注意voyage是可數名詞，常和make搭配構成make a voyage to或make voyages to,表示 “航行到單數表示一次航行。(2)初中學過because表示“因為,與because of的區別是：because是連詞,后面要跟句子，多作原因狀語從句；because of中of是介詞，后面只能跟名詞或代詞或ving作賓語。 試比擬：Because it was raining outside, we stayed at home.Because of the rain outside,

23、we stayed at home.因為外面下著雨，所以我們就呆在家里。【經典例題】We must not lose heart only the difficulty we are faced with.A because B because of C since D as【答案】BNative English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以相互理解。句中even if they dont speak

24、the same kind of English”是讓步狀語從句。如：They will stand by you even if / though you dont succeed.即使你不成功，他們也將支持你。even if是一個連詞短語，引導讓步狀語從句，含義是“即使；盡管當讓步狀語從句的動詞 用一般現在時表示將來的假設或一般的行為習慣時，通常用even if或even though。兩者意 思一樣，用法也一樣?！窘浀淅}】I fail this time, I would try again.A If only B Even if C whether D As if【答案】BBelie

25、ve it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，沒有標準英語這 樣的東西。l)believe it or not意為“信不信由你”，常在句中作插入語。如:Believe it or not, John will go abroad for further study next month.信不信由你，約翰下個月就要出國深造了?！韭撓雽W習】常見的插入語有：l)to tell you the truth 實話告訴你To tell you the truth, Ill spend my summer vacation in

26、 Yunnan.實話告訴你吧，我將在云南度過暑假。2)generally speaking 一般說來Generally speaking, language learning needs a lot of practice.一般說來，語言的學習需要大量的實踐。3)you know / you see 你女口道You see, my car broke down on the way.你知道，我的車在途中壞了。I think我認為His coat, 1 think, is really strange.他的外套，我認為，實在古怪。【經典例題】It is so nice to hear from

27、her., we last met more than 30 years ago.A Whafs more B Thats to say C In other words D Believe it or not【答案】D(2)no such thing 意為“沒有這樣的事情such 與 no, any, all, some, another, one, many, a few, a little等詞連用時，常置于這些詞之后。如：There is no such person in our school.我們學校沒有這樣的人。I have met many such people.我遇見過許多這

28、樣的人?！窘浀淅}】We have book you are looking for.A such no B no such C not such D no such a【答案】BThe USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. 美國是一個使用多 種方言的大國。in which引導定語從句修飾先行詞country,關系代詞which作介詞in的賓語，in which在定 語從句中作地點狀語，可用where代替。如：The factory in which he once worked has been

29、 dosed down.他曾經工作過的工廠已被關閉。在“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句中，應根據句意與搭配的需要選擇正確的介詞或短語介 詞。如:He studies in the school at the back of which there is a river.他在背后有條河流的那所學校學習。Can you see the new building on the top of which flies a red flag?你能看見到那座樓頂飄著一面紅旗的新大樓嗎？【經典例題】The pen he is writing is mine.A. with which B. in which

30、C. on which D. by which 【答案】AThis is the reason he didnt come to the meeting.A. in whichB. with which C. that D. for which【答案】DWell, go round the corner on your left-hand side-straight on and cross two streets.哦，在拐角處向左拐，照直向前走。穿過兩條街道。straight adv.直接；挺直 adj.直的；筆直的；正直的 Go straight down the road and the

31、n turn left.沿著這條路一直走，然后左轉。He went to bed straight after supper.他晚飯后直接去睡了。His friend is a tall, slim girl with a straight nose.他的朋友是位鼻子挺直、身材高而苗條的姑娘。As you know, his uncle is a straight man.如你所知，他的叔叔是一個正直的人?！窘浀淅}】-Lucy doesnt have curly hair.-Yes, we can say she has hair.A nice B blonde C short D stra

32、ight 【答案】DStep 4 Grammar直接引語和間接引語(II)直接引語表示請求、命令、提議時，變為間接引語看似簡單，但使用起來要視句義、 功能與說話者的語氣、態度選擇恰當的動詞。學習時，應著重注意以下幾個方面： 1.直接引語為祈使句，假設表達請求、命令、要求、告知、鼓勵等意思，在變為間接引語 時，通常將祈使句的動詞原形變成動詞不定式，并視句意在動詞不定式前加上ask. tell, order, advise, invite, warn, beg, offer, encourage 等動詞，祈使句中的 please 在間接引語 中不再出現。如：Please speak English

33、 in class, “the teacher said to us.一The teacher asked us to speak English in class.“Be careful with strangers/ Mr Brown said to her.一Mr Brown warned her to be careful with strangers.“Mrs Smith, let me carry the heavy box for you, “said Mike.Mike offered to carry the heavy box for Mrs Smith.假設祈使句為否認式，改為間接引語時應將dont改為not to或never to。如：“Dont forget