1、2019-2020年高二下學(xué)期第12周定時(shí)訓(xùn)練物理試題缺答案1 .下列說(shuō)法正確的是.康普頓效應(yīng)中，當(dāng)入射光子與晶體中的電子碰撞時(shí)，把一部分動(dòng)量轉(zhuǎn)移給電子，因此, 光子散射后波長(zhǎng)變長(zhǎng)將放射性元素?fù)诫s到其他穩(wěn)定元素中，并降低其溫度，它的半衰期會(huì)改變玻爾的原子結(jié)構(gòu)理論是在盧瑟福核式結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)說(shuō)上引入了量子理論氫原子的核外電子從距核較近的軌道躍遷到距核較遠(yuǎn)軌道的過(guò)程中，原子吸收能量, 電子的動(dòng)能減小，原子的電勢(shì)能增大在黑體輻射中隨著溫度的升高，一方面各種波長(zhǎng)的輻射強(qiáng)度都會(huì)增加；另一方面輻射強(qiáng)度的極大值向波長(zhǎng)較長(zhǎng)的方向移動(dòng)（15分）（1）（6 分）下列說(shuō)法正確的是 原子的核式結(jié)構(gòu)是湯姆孫發(fā)現(xiàn)的鈾核（1?U）

2、衰變?yōu)殂U核（ 206Pb）的過(guò)程中，要經(jīng)過(guò)8次a衰變和6次B衰變一個(gè)氫原子從量子數(shù)n= 3的激發(fā)態(tài)躍遷到基態(tài)時(shí)最多可產(chǎn)生2條不同頻率的譜線束光照射到某種金屬上不能發(fā)生光電效應(yīng)，可能是因?yàn)檫@束光的光強(qiáng)太小用加熱、加壓或改變其化學(xué)狀態(tài)的方法都不能改變?cè)雍怂プ兊陌胨テ冢?分）如圖所示，質(zhì)量均為 m可視為質(zhì)點(diǎn)的 A B兩物體緊挨著放在水平面上的O點(diǎn),1左邊有豎直墻壁 M右邊在N點(diǎn)與光滑的、半徑為 R的；4圓弧槽相連，MO= ON= RA物體與水平面間的摩擦力忽略不計(jì)，B物體與水平面間的動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)為 0.5.開(kāi)始時(shí)兩物體靜止.現(xiàn) 讓A物體以初速度V0向左開(kāi)始運(yùn)動(dòng)，設(shè)A與豎直墻壁、A與B均發(fā)生無(wú)機(jī)械能損

3、失的碰撞. 已 知重力加速度為g.要使B物體第一次被 A碰撞后，恰能上升至圓弧槽最高點(diǎn) P點(diǎn)，求：A物體的初速度V。為多少？B物體最終停在何處？（15分）（1）（6 分）大量氫原子由n= 4的能級(jí)向基態(tài)躍遷.其中從 n= 4向n= 2躍遷時(shí)的氫原子輻射的光子恰好能使某金屬發(fā)生光電效應(yīng)，則（）躍遷過(guò)程中可放出 4種光子躍遷過(guò)程中可放出 6種光子躍遷產(chǎn)生的光子中，有 2種能使該金屬發(fā)生光電效應(yīng)躍遷產(chǎn)生的光子中，有 4種能使該金屬發(fā)生光電效應(yīng)（2）（9分）一質(zhì)量為M的木塊，靜止在光滑的水平面上.另有一質(zhì)量為 m的子彈以水平速度vo擊中并射穿該木塊.測(cè)得子彈剛射穿木塊后的速度為若將此木塊固定在水平地面

4、上，3子彈仍以原來(lái)的速度擊中并射穿木塊，子彈與木塊間阻力不變， 求子彈射穿木塊后的速度.恥1V0-0.54-).51-3.40（15分）（1）（6分）如圖為氫原子的能級(jí)圖，大量處于n = 5激發(fā)態(tài)的氫原子躍遷時(shí)，可能發(fā)出 種能量不同的光子，其中頻率最大的光子能量為 eV,；若用此光照射到逸出功為3.06 eV的光電管上，則加在該光電管上的反向遏止電壓為V.2-13,6（9分）如圖所示，質(zhì)量均為 m的小滑塊P和Q都可視為質(zhì)點(diǎn)，與輕質(zhì)彈簧相 連的Q靜止在光滑水平面上.P以某一初速度vo向Q運(yùn)動(dòng)并與彈簧發(fā)生碰撞， 在 整個(gè)過(guò)程中，彈簧具有的最大彈性勢(shì)能等于多少？P最終的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度為多少？5. (15分

5、)(1)(6 分)下列說(shuō)法正確的是( ) a粒子大角度散射表明a粒子很難進(jìn)入原子內(nèi)部極限頻率越大的金屬材料逸出功越大聚變反應(yīng)有質(zhì)量虧損，質(zhì)量數(shù)不守恒丫射線是一種波長(zhǎng)很短的電磁波82S尸836Kr + 2-0e是重核裂變(2)(9分)質(zhì)量為M的滑塊由水平軌道和豎直平面內(nèi)的四分之一光滑圓弧軌道組成，放在光滑的水平面上滑塊開(kāi)始時(shí)靜止，質(zhì)量為m的物塊從圓弧軌道的最高點(diǎn)由靜止開(kāi)始滑下，以速度v從滑塊的水平軌道的左端滑出，如圖所示已知M： m= 3 : 1，物塊與水平軌道之間有摩擦u,圓弧軌道的半徑為 R 求物塊從軌道左端滑出時(shí)，滑塊M的速度的大小；求水平軌道的長(zhǎng)度。 若滑塊靜止在水平面上，物塊從左端沖上

6、滑塊，要使物塊m不會(huì)越過(guò)滑塊，求物塊 沖上滑塊的初速度 V。應(yīng)滿足的條件.E/cV -0.85 -LSI -340113.66. (15分)(1)(6 分)下列說(shuō)法中正確的是 .A.盧瑟福通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)質(zhì)子的核反應(yīng)方程為2He+ 17nr 18o+1h放射性元素的半衰期隨溫度的升高而增加 一個(gè)動(dòng)量為p的電子對(duì)應(yīng)的物質(zhì)波波長(zhǎng)為hp(h為普朗克常量)從能級(jí)圖4可知，氫原子從n= 2能級(jí)躍遷到n= 1能級(jí)釋放出的光子能量高于從n= 4能級(jí)躍遷到n =2能級(jí)所釋放出的光子能量在光電效應(yīng)中，對(duì)于某種金屬，超過(guò)其極限頻率的入射光頻率越高，所產(chǎn)生的光電子的最大初動(dòng)能就越大（9 分）如圖所示，在高為h = 5

7、m的平臺(tái)右邊緣上，放著一個(gè)質(zhì)量M= 3 kg的鐵塊，現(xiàn)有一質(zhì)量為 m= 1 kg的鋼球以vo= 10 m/s的水平速度與鐵塊在極短的時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生正碰后被 反彈，落地點(diǎn)距離平臺(tái)右邊緣的水平距離為x= 2 m已知鐵塊與平臺(tái)之間的動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)為卩=0.4，重力加速度為 g= 10 m/s2,已知平臺(tái)足夠長(zhǎng)，求鐵塊在平臺(tái)上滑行的距離1（不計(jì)空氣阻力，鐵塊和鋼球都看成質(zhì)點(diǎn)）h含答案2019-2020年高二下學(xué)期第12周定時(shí)訓(xùn)練英語(yǔ)試題When I was seven years old, my family made me an ant farm. First, we put clean sand in a

8、 thin glass box. Then we waited for the ants to arrive.地道）.IAfter the an ts were in the glass farm, they started to make tunn els （ was amazed that each one knew exactly what to do. Each had its own job.On the fifth day a tragedy （悲居U） happened. I put my face so close to the glassfarm that I kn ocke

9、d it over. All the tunn els fell dow n. Although the ants rema inedalive after their earthquake, one by one they began to die. I was scared as I watched them give up buildi ng their tunn els to carry the bodies to a corner of the farm.My mother said that the ants were dying of sad ness. They simply

10、could not sta ndthat their tunn els were gone.Although much time has passed, I still think of that ant farm. Mom had hoped itwould teach me about the n atural world, but it taught me much more.Over the years, I came to realize the importa nee of teamwork. Work ing together, theants were able to make

11、 an amaz ing world for themselves. I also lear ned that theyshould be admired （ 欽佩）for their hard work.But there was an eve n larger less on that I did not realize un til recen tly:Adversity（ 逆境）is a n atural part of life, and must be accepted. Un like the an ts,we cannot give up whe n we are sad. W

12、e have to realize that if a tunnel is gone, we must build ano ther.Giving up, I say, is not a good choice.What did the writers family do for him when he was seven?They built a farm of ants.B. They bought a few ants.C. They caught a lot of ants.D. They found an ant city.Which statement is TRUE accord

13、ing to the passage?The writer broke the glass box because it made his face dirty.The ants died one by one because the tunnels were destroyed.Unlike people, teamwork is not so important for the ants.Giving up is a good way when we meet trouble.Which is the correct order of the following?All the tunne

14、ls fell down.B. The ants died one by one.C. The ants got into the glass box.D. The ants began making tunnels.a-b-c-dB. a - c - d - b C. c-d-a-b D. c-a-d-bWhat did the writer e to realize a few years later?Working together is useless.B. Teamwork is important.C. He cant accept adversity.D. Working alo

15、ne is amazing.What is the best title for the passage?Ants Fear AdversityB. My Family and AntsC. Giving Up in Adversity D. A Good Lesson from Ants(B)The dodo was a large bird that you might not think was a bird at all, for the dodo could not fly. It was a member of the chicken family. The bird was di

16、scovered by European sailors in 1507 on Mauritius(毛里求斯 ) Island.Whenthe sailors talked about the strange bird that could not fly, you can imagine people found it hard to believe their story. The Europeans who settled on Mauritius Island and the pigs they brought with them found the birds very good t

17、o eat. So large numbers of dodoes were killed and by 1681 no living dodoes were found on the island. A few dodoes were brought to England in the 17th century, but for 200 years none have been seen alive. This is the reason for the phrase “ as dead as a dodo” .Because they died out pletely, the dodoe

18、s became very well-known.The writer tells us that the dodo .existed between 1507 and 1681B. has existed since 1507C. doesn t exist nowD. may have existedWhat was so unusual about dodoes as a bird?They looked like birds but couldn t fly.They lived longer than other birds.They were very good to eat.D.

19、 They were all killed.Dodoes are no longer seen on Mauritius Island because they .A. were killed by pigswere all taken to Englandhave been driven away by the settlershave all been killed for fooddescribe something thatThe phrase “ as dead as a dodo ” is sometimes used toA. cannot protect itself from

20、 being eatencannot fly or move fastno longer existsis sure to dieFrom the second paragraph, whose story did people find it hard to believe?A. The EuropeansC. The se ttlersThe dodoes .D. The sailors(C)When her five daughters were young, Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (團(tuán)結(jié)

21、). To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing oneperson. Then she easily broke it into two pieces. Next, she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family. She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks. This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as

22、they grew up.Helene An and her family own a large restaurant business in California. However,when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didnt have much money. They moved their family toSan Francisco. There they joined Dannysmother, Diana, who owned a small Italian san

23、dwich shop. Soon afterwards, Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese restaurant. The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were young. However, Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.Eventuall

24、y the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business.They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles. Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other, they worked together to mak

25、e the business successful. Daughter Elisabeth explains, Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity, and to have unity we must have peace. Without the strength of the family, there is no business.Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of Ans w

26、orking together. Now the Ans corporation makes more than $20 million each year. Although theybegan with a small restaurant, they had bigdreams,and they worked together. Now they are a big success.Helene tied several chopsticks together to show .A. the strength of family unityB. the difficulty of gro

27、wing upthe advantage of chopsticksD. the best way of giving a lessonWe can I earn from Paragraph 2 that the An family .A. started a business in 1975B. left Vietnam without much moneyC. bought a restaurant in San FranciscoD.opened a sandwich shop inLos AngelesWhat can we infer about the An daughters?

28、A. They did not finish their college education.They could not bear to work in the family business.They were influenced by what Helene taught them.They were troubled by disagreement among family members.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. How to Run a Corporation B. Streng

29、th es from PeaceC. How to Achieve a Big DreamD. Family Unity Builds Success（D）As Internet users bee more dependent on the Internet to store information, arepeople remembering less? If you know your puter will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wonderi

30、ng if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a puter. The first grou

31、p of people understood that the puter would save the information. The second group understood that the puter would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.In anoth

32、er experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the Internet. The information was in a specific puter folder （ 文件夾 ）. Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location （位置 ） better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they d

33、o not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called transactive memory （ 交互記憶 ）According to Sparrow, we are not being people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, puter users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learnin

34、g how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesnt mean we are being either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.The passage begins with two questions to .A. introduce the main topicB. sho

35、w the authors attitudeC. describe how to use the Internet.D. explain how to storeinformationWhat can we learn about the first experiment?A. Sparrows team typed the information into a puter.The two groups remembered the information equally well.The first group did not try to remember the information.

36、The second group did not understand the information.In transactive memory, people .A. keep the information in mindB. change the quantity of informationC. organize information like a puterD. remember how to find theinformationWhat is the effect of the Internet accord ing to Sparrows research?A. We ar

37、e using memory differe ntly.B. We are being more in tellige nt.C. We have poorer memories than before.D. We need a better way to accessin formati on.（E）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。I was ten whe n I first sat with my gra ndmother beh ind the cashier（收銀臺(tái)）inher gen eral store. 71 I quickly

38、 lear ned the importa nee of treati ng customers politely and saying“thank you. ”At first I was paid in candy. 72 I worked every day after school, and during the summer and on weeke nds and holidays from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. My father helped me set up a bank acco unt. 73By the time I was 12, My gran dmo

39、ther thought I had done such a good job that shepromoted meto selling cosmetics （化妝品） .I developed the ability to look customers directly in the eye. Eve n though I was just a kid, wome n would ask me such thingsas “ What color do you think I should wear?” I took a real interest in their questions a

40、nd was able to tran slate what they wan ted into makeup（化妝）ideas. 74The job taught me a valuable less on: to be a successful salespers on, you did n t n eed to be a Rocket scie ntist you n eeded to be a great liste ner.expect theyare NO Ion ger wome n purchas ing cosmetics from me; in stead, they are kids who tell me which toys they would like to see designed and developed.Later I received 50 cents an hour.Before long, she let me sir there by myself.I en ded my sell ing a record amount of cosmetics.Today I still carry that less on