1、11. A new study on birds sleep has revealedt .half-brain slehalf-brain sles found in a wide variety of birdss characterized by slow brain wavesC) birds can control their half-brain sleep consciouslyD) birddom sleep with the whole of their brain at rest12. According to the passage, birds often half s

2、leep because .A) they have to watch out forsible attackstheir brain hemisphere take turns to rest 跨段the two halves of their brain are differently structured 沒they have to constantly keep an eye on their companions 反13. The ex.le of a bird sleng in front of a mirror indicatestA) the phenomenon of bir

3、ds dozing in pairs is widespreadB) birds prefer to slen pairs for the sake of securityC) even an imagined companion gives the bird a sense of securityD) a single pet bird enjoys seeing its own reflectionhe mirror14. While sle.ng, some water mammals tend to keep half awake in ordertoalert themselves

4、to the approaching enemyemerge from water now and then to breathebe sensitive to the ever-changing environmentD) avoid being st away by racurrents15. By just the tip of the iceberg (Line 2, Para.8), Siegel suggests.A) half-brain sleep has something to do with icy weathertB) the mystery of half-brain

5、 sles close to being solvedC) most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepersD) half-brain sles a phenomenont could exist among other speciesBirds other sle study of slet are literally half-asleep-with one brain hemisphere alert and the ng-control which side of the brain remains awake, ac

6、cording to a newng ducks.Earr studies haveed half-brain slen a wide range of birds. Thebrain hemispheres take turns sinkingo the sleep stage characterized by slowbrain waves. The eye controlled by the sle ng hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemispheres eye stays open and alert. Birds also ca

7、n sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.Decades of studies of bird flocks led researchers to predict extra alertness inthe more vulnerable, end-of-the-row sleepers, Sure enough,birds tendedto watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference

8、faze direction.Also, birds dozing（打盹）atof the line resorted to single-hemispheresleep, rathern total relaxation, more oftenn inner ducks did. Rotaing 16birds through the itions in a four-duck row, the researchers found outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of dozing time versus about 12 per

9、cent for birds in ernal spots.We beve this is theevidence for an animal behaviorally controllingsleep and wakefulness simultaneously in different regions of the brain, the researchers say.The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing supition tsingle-hemisphere sleep evolved as creatures

10、 scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. Hes seen it in a pair of birds dozing side-by-side he zoo and in a single pet bird sle ng by mirror. The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed

11、 open.Useful as half-sleng might be, its only been found in birds and such watermammals（哺乳動物）as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keng one sideof the brain awake allows a sle drowning.ng animal to surface occaally to avoidStudies of birds may offer unique insightso sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of theU

12、GLA says he wonders if birds half-brain sleep is just the tip of the iceberg（冰山）. He speculates at other species.t more exles may turn up when we take a closer look16. Which of the following is evidencet TT is widely practiced?A) Ts been in existence for decades.B) Many patients were cured by therut

13、ic touch.TT theMores are often employed by leading hospitals.n 100,000 people are undergoing TT treatment.注：D為迷惑選項數字必轉化，C對應第二段末句。17. Very few TT practitioners responded to the $1 million.they didnt take the offer seriouslythey didnt want to risk their careerthey were unwilling to reveal their secret

14、they thought it was not in line with their practice注：爭議題，B、C皆可。offer because18. The pure of Emily Rosas experiment was .A) to see why TT could work the way it didto find out how TT cured patients illnessto test whether she could sense the human energy fieldto test whether a human energy field really

15、 existed注：對應文章第三段首句19. Why did some TT practitioners agree to be the subjects of Emilys experiment?A) It involved nothing moren mere guessing.B) They thought it was going to be a lot of fun.C) It was more straightforwardn other experiments.D) They sensed no harm in a little girls experiment.注：對應文章第三

16、段末句，no harm對應innocent，little girl對應fourth-grade20. What can we learn from the passage?A) Some widely accepted befs can be deceiving.B) Solid evidence weighs moren pure theories.Little children can be as clever as trained TT practitioners.The principle of TT is too profound to understand.A nine-year-

17、old schoolgirl single-handedly cooks up a science-fair experimentt ends up debunking（揭穿的）a widely practiced medical treatment.Emily Rosaswas a practice known as therutic（治療）touch (TT forshort), whose advocates manipulate patients energy field to make them feel better and even, say some, to cure them

18、 of various ills. Yet Emilys test shows t these energy fields cant be detected, even by trained TT practitioners（行醫者）.Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation, Journal editor Ge dberg appeared on TV to declare, Age doesnt matter. Its good sciencematters, and this is good science.Emi

19、lys mother Linda Rosa, a registered nurse, has beene tningagainst TT for nearly a decade. Lindathought about TThe late 80s, whenshe learned it was on the approved list for continuing nursing education inColorado. Its 100,000 trained practitioners (48,000he U.S.) dont even touchtheir patients. Instea

20、d, they waved their hands a few inches from the patientsbody, pushing energy fields around until theyre in balance. TT advocates saythese manipulations can help heal wounds, reve pain and reduce fever. The s are frequently hired byclaims are taken seriously enough t TT theleading hospitals, at up to

21、 $70 an hour, the smooth patients energy, sometimes during surgery.Yet Rosa could not find any evidence t it works. To provide such proof, TTthes would have to sit down for independent testing-something they haventbeen eager to do, even though James Randi has offered moren $1 million toanyho can dem

22、onstrate the existence of a human energy field. (Hes hadone taker so far. She failed.) A skeptic might concludet TT practitioners areafraid to lay their befs on the line. But who could turn down an innocentfourth-grader? Says Emily: I think they didnt take me very seriously because Im a kid.The expe

23、riment was straightforward: 21 TT thes stuck their hands,paup, through a screen. Emily held her own hand over one of theirs-left or right-and the practitioners had to say which hand it was. When the results wererecorded, theyd done no bettern they would have by simply guessing. if therewas an energy

24、 field, they couldnt feel it.21. We learn from the.are being plannedare being modifiedare now in wide useare under constructionparagraphtof automated highways注：on the drawing board就是planned22.Aspel-purelanesystemisprobablyadvantageousint.it would require only minor changes to existing highwaysit wou

25、ld achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiencyC) is a lane for boutomated and partially automated vehiclesD) it offers more lanes for automated vehicles注：A選項說反了Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to

26、their destinations.A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system.The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto it.The driver should share the automated lane with those f regular vehicles.注：對應第二段開頭24. We know form the passage.t a car can enter a sp

27、el-pure laneA) by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional laneby way of a rthrough a spewith electronic control devi lly guarded gateD) after all trespassers are identified and removed注：爭議題25. When driving in an automated lane, the driver .A) should harmonize with newly entering carsB) doesnv

28、e to rely on his computer systemC) should watch out for potential accidentsD) doesnve to hold not to the steering wheel注：文章最后一段What might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer dependson what kind of system is ultimay adopted. Two distinct types are on thedrawing board. Theis a spel-pur

29、e lane system, in which certain lanesarefor automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fullyautomated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manuallydriven cars. A spel-pure land system would require more extensive physicalmodifications to existing highways, but it

30、promises the greatest gains in freeway（高速公路）capacity.Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination,furnishing this information to a computer he car at the beginning of the trip orperhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place, autom

31、ated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitablyequipped roads. If spel-pure lanes were available, the car could enter themand join existing traffic wo different ways. One method would use a spelonr devi（引道）. As the driver approached the poof entry for the highway,installed on the roadsi

32、de would electronically check the vehicle todetermine its destination and to ascertaint it had the proper automationequipment in good working order. Aming it passed such tests, the driver wouldthen be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane.his case, thetransition from manual to automated

33、 control would take place on the entrancer.ternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would beshared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a transition lane. The vehicle would thenshift under computer control onto a l

34、anefor automated traffic. (Thelimiion of these lanes to automated traffic would presumably be well respected,because all trespassers（進入者）could be swiftly identified by authorities.)Either approach to joining a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with tho

35、se already traveling. Automaticcontrol here should allow for smooth merging, without the usuacertaies andpotential for accidents. and once a vehicle had settled o automated travel, the drive would be free to release the wheel, open the morning pr or just relax.26. According to the author, the conven

36、tional notion ofelligence measured nterms of ones ability to read, write and compute .A) is a widely held but wrong conceptB) will help eliminateellectual prejudiceC) is the root of all mental distressD) will contribute to onef-fulfillment注：作者態度題，應該選負選項27. It is impdhe passaget holding a university

37、degree .may result in ones inability to solve complex real-life problemsdoes not indicate ones ability to write properly wordedmay make one mentally sick and physically weaksD) does not meatt one is highlyelligent28. The author thinkst anelligentknows .A) how to put up with some very prevalent myths

38、B) how to find the best way to achieve sucs in lifeC) how to avoid depresand make his life worthwhileD) how to persuade others to compromise注：對應第二段第一句話29.he last paragraph, the authorls ust .A) difficulties are but part of everyones lifeB) depresand unhappiness are unavoidable in life反C) everybody s

39、hould learn to avoid trying circumstan反D) good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellenceAccording to the passage, what kind of people are rare?Those who dont emphasize bookish excellenceheir pursuit of happiness.Those who are aware of difficulties in life but know how to avoid unhappin

40、ess.Those who measure happiness by an absence of problems but seldom suffer form N. B. D.s.Those who are able to secure happiness though having to struggle againsttrying circumstan注：文章最后一句.Taking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths.At the top of the list is the noti

41、ontelligence is measured by your ability tosolve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels, and toresolve abstract equations quickly. This viofelligence asserts formaleducation and bookish excellence as the true measures of self-fulfillment. Itencourages a kind ofellectual preju

42、dice discouraging results. We have come to bevet has brought with it some t someone who has moreeducational merit badges, who is very good at some form of school discipline iselligent. Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of theproperly lettereds. A truer indicator of elligence is an effective, happylife lived each day and each present moment of every