1、語法練習課語法練習課 不同時間發生的動作，動詞要用不同形式 1.She works in a factory. 2.I was doing my homework at this time yesterday. 3.We are going to have a picnic this Sunday.4.They held a sports meeting last week. 5.Are you doing your homework ?過去進行時過去進行時一般將來時一般將來時一般過去時一般過去時現在進行時現在進行時名稱名稱時間時間 動詞形式動詞形式一般現在時一般現在時平時，經常平時，經常現在

2、進行時現在進行時正在進行正在進行一般將來時一般將來時即將，計劃即將，計劃 1.will/shall+v原形原形2.am/is/are going to +v原形原形一般過去時一般過去時過去（與現過去（與現在無關）在無關）1.v-ed（規則動詞）規則動詞）2.不規則動詞不規則動詞過去進行時過去進行時過去某一時過去某一時間，在進行間，在進行was/were+v-ing1.v原形原形 2. v三單三單am/is/are+v-ing1.will/shall+v原形原形2.be going to +v原形原形3.be+ving 4 be about to + v原形原形1.v-ed（規則動詞）規則動詞）

3、2.不規則動詞不規則動詞was/were+v-ing現在完成時現在完成時 主菜單上一頁下一頁現在完成時的構成現在完成時的構成現在完成時的主要用法現在完成時的主要用法現在完成時的時間狀語現在完成時的時間狀語短暫性動詞與時間段的關系短暫性動詞與時間段的關系have been 與與have gone 比較比較與一般過去時的用法比較與一般過去時的用法比較現在完成時的主要用法現在完成時的主要用法上一頁下一頁- Its so dark.- Its so dark.-Someone has turned off the light.-Someone has turned off the light.(有人剛

4、把燈關了有人剛把燈關了,對現在造成的結果是對現在造成的結果是:現在很黑現在很黑)- Are you free?-I have finished my homework. I am free-I have finished my homework. I am free( (我已我已經經完成了家庭作完成了家庭作業業,對現在造成的結果是很有空對現在造成的結果是很有空)主菜單1. 1.表示過去發生的某一動作對現在造成的影響或結果。表示過去發生的某一動作對現在造成的影響或結果。 上一頁下一頁I have learnt English for more than I have learnt English

5、 for more than ten years. ten years.我已經學了我已經學了10多年的英語。多年的英語。(從從10年前開始年前開始,持續到現在還在學持續到現在還在學)She has swum since half an hour ago.我已經游泳了半個小時我已經游泳了半個小時(半個小時前已經開始游泳半個小時前已經開始游泳,到現在還在游到現在還在游)現在完成時的主要用法現在完成時的主要用法主菜單2.2.表示表示過去過去已經開始已經開始, , 持續到持續到現在的動作或狀現在的動作或狀態態. .常與常與since + since + 過去的時間點，過去的時間點，for + for

6、+ 一段時一段時間，間，so far so far 等時間狀語連用。等時間狀語連用。1. 1.表示過去發生的某一動作對現在造成的表示過去發生的某一動作對現在造成的影響或結果影響或結果。 2.2.表示表示過去過去已經開始已經開始, , 持續到持續到現在的現在的動作或狀態動作或狀態, ,1.1.過去發生的動作對現在造成的過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響或結果影響或結果。2.2.過去已經開始，過去已經開始，持續持續到現在到現在的動作或狀態的動作或狀態動詞構成：動詞構成：have/has+v過去分詞過去分詞had breakfastI have just had my breakfast.(現在我不餓現

7、在我不餓)Im not hungry nowmoved herein 2000I still live hereI have lived here for three years.I have lived here since 2000. nownow1.用法用法 2.現在完成時動詞構成現在完成時動詞構成: have / has + v 過去分詞過去分詞 助動詞助動詞否定否定haventhasnt疑問疑問Have you?Has he?I, finish, homeworkI have finished my homework.I havent finished my homework.Hav

8、e you finished your homework?Yes, I have. / No, I havent. 1.規則動詞規則動詞 2.不規則動詞不規則動詞finish-finished-finishedlive-lived-livedcarry-carried-carriedstopstopped-stoppedeg.gowentgonesee-sawseenforgetforgot-forgotten1. 1. 她成為一名護士已經三年了。她成為一名護士已經三年了。2. 2. 我五年前就認識李雷了。我五年前就認識李雷了。3. 3. 那些相片我已經寄給他了。（那些相片我已經寄給他了。（p

9、ostpost）4. 4. 我來到這個學校后，他就一直教我。我來到這個學校后，他就一直教我。5. 5. 我剛丟了我的歷史書。我剛丟了我的歷史書。She has been a nurse for three years.I have known Lilei since five years ago. I have already posted the photos to him.He has taught me since I came to the school.I have just lost my history book. ( 1).for+表示表示一段一段時間的短語時間的短語 ( 2)

10、.since+表示表示過去時間點過去時間點的詞語的詞語 ( 3).since+表示過去時間的時間狀語表示過去時間的時間狀語從句從句eg.I have been a teacher _ a year. He has been at this school _ 1992. We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.forsincesince B. 常與常與 just, already, yet, ever, never，so far 連用連用, 強調動作完成強調動作完成,不強調動作的持續不強調動作的持續. eg.Hav

11、e you _been to Japan? I have _ finished my homework. I have finished my homework _. I havent finished my homework _.everjustalreadyyetA.for+時間段時間段/ since +時間點時間點3. 現在完成時的時間狀語現在完成時的時間狀語短暫性短暫性動詞與時間段的關系動詞與時間段的關系 短暫性動詞在肯定句、疑問句中短暫性動詞在肯定句、疑問句中不能與時不能與時間段連用間段連用，這些動詞是：，這些動詞是：等。等。上一頁下一頁在完成式中表述這種意思在完成式中表述這種意思,

12、 ,我們常用相我們常用相應的應的來代替短暫性動詞。來代替短暫性動詞。主菜單四四. become become be be, begin , begin havehave , , borrow borrow keepkeep, buy , buy havehave, , come (go, arrive, get) come (go, arrive, get) be here/there/inbe here/there/in， die die be be deaddead, finish , finish be overbe over, , join join be in be in （be a

13、 member of be a member of ） leaveleave be away ( from), be away ( from), 下一頁上一頁主菜單 但在否定句中，短暫性動詞可但在否定句中，短暫性動詞可以與時間段連用。以與時間段連用。如：如：I havent bought the bike for a I havent bought the bike for a year. year. 我買這輛自行車還不到一年。我買這輛自行車還不到一年。She hasnt come here for an hour. She hasnt come here for an hour. 她來這兒還

14、沒有一個小時。她來這兒還沒有一個小時。上一頁下一頁主菜單 翻翻 譯譯 練練 習：習： 1. 1.我買了這塊手表五年了。我買了這塊手表五年了。 2. 2.這位老人已經死了十年了。這位老人已經死了十年了。 I I have boughthave bought this watch for five years. this watch for five years. I I have hadhave had this watch this watch forfor five five years/years/sincesince 5 years 5 years ago.ago. The old ma

15、n The old man has diedhas died for ten years. for ten years. The old man The old man has been deadhas been dead for ten for ten years/since 10 years/since 10 years ago.years ago.WW下一頁上一頁主菜單 3.3.他已經回來三天了。他已經回來三天了。 4. 4.自從六點鐘他就來這兒了。自從六點鐘他就來這兒了。 5. 5.我離開家鄉已十年了。我離開家鄉已十年了。 He He has come backhas come bac

16、k for 3 days. for 3 days. He He has been backhas been back forfor 3 days/ 3 days/sincesince 3 3 days days agoago. . He He has come herehas come here since 6 oclock. since 6 oclock. He He has been herehas been here since 6 oclock. since 6 oclock. I I have lefthave left hometown for 10 years. hometown

17、 for 10 years. I I have been away fromhave been away from hometown for 10 hometown for 10 years. years.WWW下一頁上一頁主菜單五五.have been 與與have gone 的用法比較的用法比較 have been to 意思是意思是“到過，去過到過，去過”，表示表示曾經到過某處曾經到過某處，但現在人不在那兒。，但現在人不在那兒。have gone to 意思是意思是“去了去了”，表示，表示已已經去了經去了某地，現在人可能在去的途中或某地，現在人可能在去的途中或已在那兒了。已在那兒了。ha

18、ve been in 意思是意思是“呆在某處一段呆在某處一段時間了時間了”上一頁下一頁主菜單1. HasHas she ever she ever been tobeen to Nanjing? Nanjing?她曾去過南京嗎？她曾去過南京嗎？ 2.You You have have nevernever beenbeen there, have you? there, have you?你以前從未去過那兒，是嗎？你以前從未去過那兒，是嗎？ 3.I I have been tohave been to GuilingGuiling ,I went there ,I went there las

19、t year. last year.我去過桂林，我去年去的。我去過桂林，我去年去的。 4.She She has gone tohas gone to Nanjing. Nanjing. 她已經去南京了。她已經去南京了。上一頁下一頁主菜單 六六.與一般過去時的用法比較一一. .現在完成時和一般過去時都是說過現在完成時和一般過去時都是說過去的事情，去的事情，; ;而一而一般過去時，則只講述發生在過去的般過去時，則只講述發生在過去的動作和事情與現在沒有關系動作和事情與現在沒有關系。 上一頁下一頁主菜單eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他

20、已經買了一本英漢字典。他已經買了一本英漢字典。 He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾買過一本英漢字典。他曾買過一本英漢字典。上一頁下一頁第一句用現在完成時時態，想表達意為：第一句用現在完成時時態，想表達意為：“He He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “he still has it” “過去他買了一本英漢字典，過去他買了一本英漢字典，現在他還有這本字典現在他還有這本字典”

21、” 。第二句用過去時只敘述過去他買過一本英漢字第二句用過去時只敘述過去他買過一本英漢字典這一事實，至于現在他是否有這本字典并未強典這一事實，至于現在他是否有這本字典并未強 調說明。調說明。主菜單二時間狀語的區別：二時間狀語的區別： 當有一個表示當有一個表示過去某一特定時間過去某一特定時間的狀語時，的狀語時，不用現在完成時，而用一般過去時不用現在完成時，而用一般過去時: : 上一頁下一頁eg: I saw the film on television yesterday . 現在完成時現在完成時總是與現在完成時現在完成時總是與since+since+時間時間點，點，for +for +時間段連用

22、。時間段連用。eg： They have known each other since 1950 . Since he was a child ,he has lived in England.主菜單選用選用 forfor和和 sincesince填空填空: :1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10

23、 years ago.ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several 5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.years.6. Its five years _ w

24、e met last time.6. Its five years _ we met last time.forforsincesinceforforsincesinceforforsincesince下一頁上一頁主菜單用用Have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空填空1.1.Mike and his parents _ the north Mike and his parents _ the north for half a year.for half a year.2.2.Mum is not at home now. she _ the Mum

25、 is not at home now. she _ the shop.shop.3.3._ you ever _ to _ you ever _ to kunmingkunming ? Never. ? Never.4.4.Where _ you _ these days?Where _ you _ these days?5.5.Has Jim arrived yet?Has Jim arrived yet? Yes, he _ here for several days. Yes, he _ here for several days.6.6.Where is Peter? I dont

26、know where he Where is Peter? I dont know where he _._.7.7.Hi Jim! Where _ you _ ? Li Lei is Hi Jim! Where _ you _ ? Li Lei is looking for you.looking for you.have been inhas gone tohave beenHave beenhas been has gonehave been下一頁上一頁主菜單1. The house is dirty. We _it for weeks. A didnt clean B hadnt cl

27、eaned C dont clean D havent cleaned2. -_the sports meeting might be put off. -Yes, it all depends on the weather. A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told3. - Im sorry to keep you waiting. -Oh, not at all. I _here only a few minutes. A have been B had been C was D will be 4. You dont need to de

28、scribe her. I _ her several times. A. had met B have met C met D meet 5. -Will you go to Beijing for vacation ?-I _ to go , but I dont know if I can go . A was planning B have planned C had been planning D have been planning 6. -When will they leave ?-They _very soon .A do leave B are leaving C have

29、 left D leave 7 -Was he studying for an exam ? -Yes , hes _ it last week.A doing B to take C making D to give8.The teacher told the pupils that the earth _ round.A is B would C was D were9. She _ such an interesting book before.A was never reading B will never read C had never read D has never read 10.How