1、附錄一數(shù)學(xué)詞匯數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)等于：=equal to, the same as, is不等：more tha n<less tha n>no less tha nno more tha n加：+add a to b, plus,減：minu s, less, differe nee, subtract a from b乘：Xmultiply, product除：寧a divided by b,絕對(duì)值：|absolute value平方：X2square立方：Xcube開(kāi)平方：square root開(kāi)立方：cube root平行：parallel to垂直：perpe ndicular t

2、o二.Arithmetic （算數(shù)）與 Algebra （代數(shù)）1.數(shù)列和集合arithmetic seque nee等差數(shù)列g(shù)eometric seque nee等比數(shù)列set集合subset子集sequenee序列term序列中的項(xiàng)in clusive包含序列的首末項(xiàng)exclusive不包含序列的首末項(xiàng)2.數(shù)com mon divisio n公因子com mon factor合數(shù)composite nu mber連續(xù)整數(shù)con secutive in teger位digit被除數(shù)divided除以divide除數(shù)，因子divisor可整除的divisible by偶數(shù)eve n nu mb

3、er公約數(shù)factor因子in teger整數(shù)irrati onal無(wú)理數(shù)least com mon multiple最小公倍數(shù)multiple倍數(shù)，公倍數(shù)n atural nu mber自然數(shù)n egative nu mber負(fù)數(shù)non zero非零odd nu mber奇數(shù)positive nu mber正數(shù)prime factor質(zhì)因子prime nu mber質(zhì)數(shù)quotie nt商rati onal有理數(shù)real nu mber實(shí)數(shù)rema in der余數(shù)tens digit十位數(shù)ten ths digit十分位un its digit個(gè)位數(shù)3.單利復(fù)利和價(jià)格compo und i

4、n terest復(fù)利cost成本disco unt折扣dow n payme nt預(yù)付款，現(xiàn)付款in terest rate利率list price標(biāo)價(jià)margin利潤(rùn)markup漲價(jià)profit利潤(rùn)purchas ing price購(gòu)買(mǎi)價(jià)retail value零售價(jià)sale price銷(xiāo)售價(jià)simple in terest單利4.其它代數(shù)additi on加arithmetic mean算術(shù)平均數(shù)average平均數(shù)base底數(shù)closest approximati on近似decimal小數(shù)decimal no tati on十進(jìn)制decimal point小數(shù)點(diǎn)decreased下降后

5、的decrease to 從下降到decrease by 下降了defi ne定義denomin ator分母denote表示，代表depreciati on折舊directly proporti onal to正比于disti net不同的expressi on表達(dá)式factorial階乘fracti on分?jǐn)?shù)in creased增加后的in creaseto 從增加到in crease by增加了in terms of用表達(dá)in versely proporti onal to反比于maximum最大值minimum最小值multiple倍數(shù)multiply乘nu merator分子per

6、 capita人均ratio比率reciprocal倒數(shù)reduced降低后的roun ded to the n earest 四舍五入到successive, in a row連續(xù)的tie平局times幾倍two digits兩位數(shù)字twice as many a as ba是b的兩倍a is 20% more tha n ba 比 b 多 20%, (a-b)/b=20%、Geometry(幾何)acute an gle銳角altitude高arc弧area面積an gle bisector角平分線bisect平分cen ter中心，圓心chord弦circle圓circumfere ne

7、e圓周長(zhǎng)circumscribe外接，外切clockwise順時(shí)針concen tric circle同心圓cone圓錐con grue nt全等的coord in ate坐標(biāo)coun terclockwise逆時(shí)針cube正方體cyli nder圓柱decagon十邊形degree角度diameter直徑diag onal對(duì)角線dime nsion大小，維度dista nee距離due n orth正北方equilateral tria ngle等邊三角形face面height高h(yuǎn)exagon六邊形hypote nuse斜邊isosceles tria ngle等腰三角形in scribe內(nèi)

8、接，內(nèi)切in tersect相交len gth長(zhǎng)度mid-poi nt中占1八、nu mber lines數(shù)軸obtuse an gle鈍角octag on八邊形overlap交疊parallelogram平行四邊形pen tag on五邊形perimeter周長(zhǎng)parallel li nes平行線perpe ndicular lines垂直線pla ne平面polygo n多邊形quadra nt象限quadrilateral四邊形radius半徑radia n弧度（弧長(zhǎng)/半徑）regular polyg on正多邊形recta ngular solid長(zhǎng)方體recta ngle長(zhǎng)方形rig

9、ht an gle直角right tria ngle直角三角形rhombus菱形square正方形sphere球side邊surface area表面積straight an gle平角segme nt線段tangent相切trapezoid梯形tria ngle三角形vertical an gle對(duì)頂角volume體積width寬四、Data Analysis數(shù)據(jù)分析）1.圖表freque ncy / count頻率relative freque ncy相對(duì)頻率bar graph條形圖segme nted bar graph分段的條形圖sector扇區(qū)histogram直方圖，柱狀圖uni

10、variate單變量的trend趨勢(shì)，走向bivariate雙變量的2.數(shù)據(jù)comb in ati on組合permutati on排列probability, possibility概率cen tral tendency集中趨勢(shì)arithmetic mean/mea n算術(shù)平均值media n中位數(shù)mode眾數(shù)weighted mean加權(quán)平均數(shù)statistics統(tǒng)計(jì)quartile四分位數(shù)perce ntile百分位數(shù)in terquartile range四分位差outlier異常值dispersi on離差boxplots箱線圖sta ndard deviati on標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差samp

11、le sta ndard deviati on樣本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差in tersect ion交集Disjoint / mutually exclusive互斥in clusi on-exclusi on prin ciple容斥原理probability experime nt概率試驗(yàn)ran dom experime nt隨機(jī)試驗(yàn)outcome結(jié)果sample space樣本空間eve nt事件equally likely等可能ran dom selecti on隨機(jī)抽樣mutually exclusive互相排斥的in depe ndent相互獨(dú)立的factorial階乘comb in ati on組合distributio n curve分布曲線den sity curve密度曲線freque ncy curve頻率曲線ran dom variable隨機(jī)變量probability distributi on概率分布expected value/mea n of ran dom variable x期望discrete ran dom variables離散型隨機(jī)變量approx