1、實用標準文檔動詞的時態在英語中，由于謂語動作發生的時間不同，或表達不同時間存在的狀態，謂語動詞都要發生相應的 變化.這些動詞的形式就叫做動詞的時態.英語動詞的時態共有16種，列表如下：（以動詞write為例）被動語態的構成進行完成完成進行現在write writesam x is areJwritinghas、have _卜writtenhashavjbeen writing過去wrotewas、were 1writtinghad writtenhad been writing將來shallIwrite will Jshallwill,e writingshallwill have writt

2、enshall -will ,|have been writing過去將來shouldwrite would Jshouldwould卜 writingshouldhave written wouldJrshouldhave been writing would進行完成現在am isareqaughtam is are 1>being taughthas 、xbeen taught have /過去wasFwere .taughtwas werebeing taughthad been taught將來shall i will Jbe taught過去將來shouldwould卜 tau

3、ght被動語態由助動詞be加過去分詞構成，時態通過be表現出來.構成被動語態的一般疑問何時，須 將第一個助動詞移至主語之前，構成被動語態的否定何時，助動詞后須加not.各個時態的被動形 式列表如下：（以動詞teach為例）英語被動語態講解語態的基本概念和種類語態是動詞的一種形式，用來表明主語與謂語動詞之間的關系。所以英語的語態是通過動詞形式的變化表現出來的。語態有兩種：主動語態和被動語態。主語是動作的發出者為主動語態； 主語是動作的接受者為被動語態。如：They built the bridge.The bridge was built by them.（二）被動語態的構成被動語態由 助動詞b

4、e +及物動詞的過去分詞”構成。人稱、數和時態的變化是通過be的變化表 現出來的。歌訣是：被動語態be字變，過去分詞跟后面。情態動詞的被動語態是常考白一個知識點：情態動詞+be+過去分詞（三）被動語態的用法1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰。例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。（不知道電腦是誰偷的）This book was published in 1981. 這本書出版于 1981 年。（2）強調動作的承受者，而不強調動作的執行者。例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗戶是邁

5、克打破的。This book was written by him.這本書是他寫的。Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天 8 小時睡眠必須得至U保證。歌訣：誰做的動作不知道，說出誰做的沒有必要；動作承受者需強調，被動語態運用到（四）主動語態變被動語態的方法與注意事項歌訣是：賓變主，主變賓，by短語后面跟。謂語動詞變被動，be后 過分”來使用。（1）通常的辦法是：將主動結構中的賓語變為被動結構中的主語，將主動結構中的謂語動詞變為“be / get過去分詞”形式，將主動結構中的主語變為介詞 by的賓語（若動作的執行者沒有必要 說明則

6、可以省略該by短語）。如：Li Lei planted the tree last year.f The tree was planted by Li Lei lastlyeS尾李蕾去年栽的。Workers made the machines in Changsha. f The machines were made in ChangshW 是長 沙造的。（2）將含有復合賓語的句子變為被動語態時，應將賓語變為被動結構的主語，而賓語的補足語 則留在原處成為主語補足語。如：He painted the door green yesterday.了。fThe doorpainted green ye

7、sterday.昨天門被漆成綠色注意： 表示 使、讓”的動詞 make, have等， 以及感官動詞 see, watch, observe, feel, hear, listen to, look at等，在主動語態中，接不定式做賓語補足語時，不定式前的 to要省略，而變為被動語 態時，成為主語補足語的不定式，則必須帶to。如：I saw him go into the teachers ' office.seen4oH© wao the teachers ' office.看見他進入了教師辦公室。（3）帶雙賓語的句子變為被動語態時，既可將直接賓語變為被動語態的主語

8、，而在間接賓語前 加to或for留在動詞之后；也可將間接賓語變為被動結構的主語，而直接賓語留在動詞之后。但一般采用后一種用法。如：He gave me the pen last year. f I was given the pen last year. / The pen was given to me 逾st year. 支筆是去年給我的。【說明】一般說來，問接賓語前帶 to 的動詞有：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, post, send, show, take, teach, tell, whte, throw 等；間接賓語前帶 for 的動詞

9、有：book, buy, call, cook, do, get, make, save 等。（4） 動詞 believe, consider, declare, expect, know, report, say, suppose, think的被動語態， 常有兩 種結構形式。如：He was said to get hurt in the car accident.人們說他在車禍中受傷了。It was said that he got hurt in the car accident.人們說他在車禍中受傷了。（5）短語動詞變被動語態時，短語動詞后面的介詞或副詞不能省略。如：She has

10、never been operated on beforeft 從未動過手術。The baby was looked after by her sister.這嬰兒由她的姐姐照顧。His plan was laughed at by everyone.他的計戈 U大家者 B 嘲笑。（6）動詞不定式的被動語態：即把 to do變成to be done（五）不用被動語態的情況1）不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態：appear, die, disappear, end , fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand ,break out, c

11、ome true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.After the fire, very little remained of my house.比較：rise, fall, happen是不及物動詞；raise, seat是及物動詞。（錯）The price has been risen.（對）The price has risen.（錯）The accident was happened last week.（對）The accident happened last week.（錯）The price has rais

12、ed.（對）The price has been raised.（錯）Please seat.（對）Please be seated.要想正確地使用被動語態，就須注意哪些動詞是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學習過程中多留意積累。2）不能用于被動語態的及物動詞或動詞短語：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take

13、 part in, walk into, belong toThis key just fits the lock.Your story agrees with what had already been heard.3） 系動詞無被動語態： appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn .It sounds good.4）帶同源賓語的及物動詞，反身代詞，相互代詞，不能用于被動語態：die, death, dream, live, life

14、.She dreamed a bad dream last night.5）當賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語態。（對）She likes to swim.（錯）To swim is liked by her.二、復習時需要注意的要點文案大全實用標準文檔(1)由主動語態改為被動語態的步驟：主動語態中的賓語變為被動語態句中的主語；主動語態句中的動詞改為相應的被動語態；主動語態句中的主語變為被動語態句中by的賓語。(2)主動語態句中的謂語動詞帶有雙賓語，即直接賓語和間接賓語時，轉換方法有兩種：把間接賓語轉化為主語，保留直接賓語把直接賓語轉化為主語，保留間接賓語。此時，一般需在間接賓語前加適當的介詞。

15、(3)在短語see sb. do sth.中，動詞see后跟不帶to的不定式作賓補。改為被動語態時要加上 to。用于這一結構的謂語動詞一般是表示知覺的動詞如see, hea等，以及使役動詞make, let等。各種時態的被動語態舉例1. 一般現在時(am/ is/ are +donEnglish is spoken by lots of people in the world.世界上的許多人都說英語。Class meeting is held every Thursday.每周四者 B 舉行班會。The classroom is cleaned by the students every da

16、殍生們每天者6 打掃教室。2. 一般過去時(was/ were +done)The cup was broken by the boy.杯子被那個男孩打碎了。He was saved at last.他最終獲救了。My bike was stolen.我的自行車被偷了。3. 一般將來時與過去將來時(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)A speech will be given this afternoon.今天下午有一個演講。A new road will be built next year.明年要修一條新馬路。I thought tho

17、usands of people would be helped.我認為將有數千人得到幫助。4. 現在進行時與過去進行時 (am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday天這時，機器正在被修理。The problem is being discussed now.問題正在被討論。A bus is being pushed by the passenger昭人正在推輛公共汽車。5. 現在完成時(have/ has been + done)Two

18、 hundred trees have been planted by now.U現在為止，已經種了二百棵樹了。The book has been read many times by mefi 本書已經被我讀了 許多遍了。Several soldiers have already been killed in the conflict.在沖突中已經有幾名士兵被殺害。6. 過去完成時(had been+done)They said they had been invited to the party 他們說已經被邀請參加晚會了。She found the house had been dest

19、royed by the stornm4發現房子已經被暴風雨摧毀。He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.他在去世前已經被疾病折磨很多年了第三節鞏固練習I .把下列主動語態改為被動語態：1. We often use a recorder in our English class.2. They will show a new film next week.3. When did they build the house?4. I saw the boy enter the room.5. Will t

20、hey show a new film next week?6. Have they posted the letter yet?7. We often see him help his classmate.8. You must turn off the light before you go to be.d9. Who is repairing the bike?實用標準文檔10. The student should learn all the texts by heart.n .選擇填空：1. The reading room yesterday afternoon.A. cleane

21、d B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned2. The workers were made ten hours a day.A. work B. to work C. working D. worked3. Food in a cool place in summer.A. must keep B. mustn ' t keeC. must be kept D. mustn ' t be kept4. His father to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago.A. sent B. was sent

22、C. has sent D. has been sent5. The pen well.A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing6. Great changes in the town since 1988.A. have taken place B. have been taken placeC. has taken place D. has been taken place7. Our compositions must next Monday.A. be hand in B. be handed in C. handed in D

23、. be handing in8. The child will back to his parents next month.A. sentB. sendC. be sent D. be sending9. his work yet?A. have - been finished B. has - been finishedC. has - finished D. have - finished10. The classroom nowA. is cleaningB. is being cleaningC. is being cleaned D. is cleaned田.用適當時態和語態的動

24、詞填空：1. Can he(speak) English?2. What language(speak) in that country?3. The film(show) many times since last Sunday.4. These TV sets(make) in SiChuan.5. It has got so dark. Would you please(turn) on the light?6. A new hospital(build) in this area now.7. the book(return).8. Rice(grow) in the south.9.

25、 The window(not break) by the boy.10.1 (tell) he(not come) just now.答案I、1. A recorder is often used in our English class.2. A new film will be shown by then next week.3. When was the house built by them?4. The boy was seen to enter the room.5. Will a new film be shown by them next week?7. He is ofte

26、n seen to help his classmate.文案大全實用標準文檔8. The light must be turned off before you go to bed.9. Who is the bike being repaired by?(By whom is the bike being repaired?)10. All the texts should be learned by heart by the students.11.1.D2.B3.C4.B5.A6.A7.B8.C9.B10.CIII、1. speak 2 is spoken 3. has been sh

27、own4. are made7. Has returned10. was told被動語態練習題5. turn6. is being built8. is grown 9. wasn ' t broken didn ' t come)1.Do you often clean your classroom?Yes. Our classroom every day.A.clean B.cleans C.is cleaned D.is cleaning)2.A talk on developments in science and technology in the school h

28、all next week.A. given B.will be given C.has been given D.giveA. will be publishedC. is being published )4Did you go to Jack A.am not invited B.)3.His new book next month.B. is publishingD. has been published's birthday paMo?.一wasn ' t invited C.haven ' t invited D.didn ' t invite)5.

29、Mum,can I go to the zoo with Jack?When your homework,you can.A. is done B.was done C.does D.did)6.Twentyyear olds should notto drive in China.A.allow B.be allow C.be allowed D.allowed.)7.Seeing him rush into the room with tears in his eyes,I asked him what.A.would happen B.had happened C.happened D.

30、was happened.)8.The book Businessthe Speed of Thought in 1999.A.writes B.is written C.wrote D.was written.)9.Trees and flowers_every year to make our country more beautiful.Good Will Ambassadors(大使 for ShangA.is planted B.was planted C.are planted D.were planted.)10.China ' s sports stars Yao Mi

31、ng and Liu Xiang hai.A.has been named B.have been named C.has named D.have named.)11.The earth is our home.It well.A.must be protected B.should protect C.need protect D.should protected. )12.In recent years, many children are made what they are not.A.to do;interested in B.to do;interested C.do;inter

32、ested D.do;interested. )13.a new library in your school last year?A.Is;built B.Was;built C.Does;built )14.An accident on this road last week.A.has been happened B.was happened )15.Cotten in the southeast of China.A.is grown B.are grown C.grows )16.So far, the moon by man already.D.Did;built.C.is hap

33、pened D.happened.D.grow.A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited. 文案大全實用標準文檔( )17.How many trees this year?A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted.()18.A lot of things by people to save the little girl now.A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be

34、 done.()19.Neither of them in ChinaA.is made B.are made C.were made D.made. ( )20.Look! A nice picture for our teacher.A. is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws.( )21.Your shoes.You need a new pair.A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn. ()22.The doctor for yet.A.isn ' t se

35、nt B.hasn ' t been sent C.won' t be sent D.wasn' t sent. ( )23When this kind of computer? Last year.A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used()24.The Great Wall_about all over the world.A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known. ()25.Iin summer.A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born.(

36、)26.He says that Mr Zhang to the factory next week.A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent. ()27.Who this book_?A.did;written B.was;written by C.do;written D.was;written ( )28.Mary show me her new dictionary.A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to ()29. A story _ by Granny yester

37、day.A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us()30.The monkey was seen out of the tree.A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump參考答案 15CBABA 610CBDCB 1115AABDA 1620CCBAB 2125cBBCB 2630DBBBD單項選擇1()1 The People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949.A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was

38、found ( )2 English in Canada.A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( )3 This English song by the girls after class.A. often sings B. often sangC. is often sang D. is often sung ( )4 This kind of car in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made ( )5 New computers all over the world.

39、A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used 2 ( )1 Our room must clean.文案大全實用標準文檔A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep ()2 -I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry.A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold ( )3 A new house at the corner of the road.A. i

40、s building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( )4 The keyon the table when I leave.A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( )5 Doctors in every part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need 3()1 Japanese in every country.A. is not spoken B. are spoke

41、n C. is speaking D. is not speaking()2 These papersyet.A. have not written B. have not been writtenC. has not written D. has not been written( )3 The sports meet be held until next week.A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't 4( )1 -My shoes are worn out.-.A. Can't they be mended?

42、 B. Let me have a look at it.C. How much do they cost? D. Can't they mended?()2 the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are ()3 these desks be needed?A. W川B. Are C. Has D. Do5()1 Why to talk about it yesterday?A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting held

43、C. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting wasn't held ()2 Who was the book?A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by ( )3 Where these boxes made?A. was B. were C. is D. am 6()1 The flowers often.A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water ( )2 The books may for two weeks.A

44、. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow ()3 The broken bike here by Mr Smith.A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended 7( )1 The old bridge in my hometown next month.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuiltC. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt ()2 The play at the the

45、atre next Sunday.文案大全實用標準文檔A. is going to be shown B.will shown C. will show D. is shown ( )3 The old stone bridge next week.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuildC. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild 8( )1 Now these magazines in the library for a long time.A. have kept B. are keeping C.

46、have been keeping D. have been kept ()2 The potfor hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keepingC. is used; to keep D. are used; keep()3 Tea in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow()4 The bridges two years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( )5 Wet cl

47、othes are often_up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung 9( )1 The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwingC. stop to throwD. stop from throwing()2 The teapotwater.A. is filled with B. filled ofC. fulling

48、 of D. filled()3 Old people must be looked after well and politely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to()4 Old people must.A. look after wellB. be looked well afterC. looked well afterD. be looked after well10( )1 Newly-born babies in hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care ofC

49、. take good care of D. take good care( )2 They were at the sudden noise.A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens()3 These walls stones.A. are made of B. made of C. are made into D. made into11()1 Jane to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said()

50、2 The papers to them.A. were shown B. show C. shown D. have shown()3 The coat her sister.A.made to B.were made for C.was made for D.was made to12( )1 I five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given 文案大全實用標準文檔()2 Good care such things.A. should take

51、 ofB. should be takenC. should be takingD. should be taken of()3 She will good care.A.take;of B.be taken;of C. take;for you D. be taken;of you 13( )1 The teacher made him his homework.A. to do B. do C. did D. done()2 The boy streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to clean B. made cleanC. ma

52、de to clean D. was made clean( )3 These children dance.A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to 14 ( )1 These stones well.A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted()2 The bike 500 yuan.A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed( )3 The important meeting on a cold morning last year.A. was had B. was hel