1、配合物穩定常數Stability Constants of Coordination Compounds絡合反應的平衡常數用配合物穩定常數表示，又稱配合物形成常數。此常數值越大，說明形成的配合物越穩定。其倒數用來表示配合物的解離程度，稱為配合物的不穩定常數。以下表格中，表（1）中除特別說明外是在25下，離子強度I =0；表（2）中離子強度都是在有限的范圍內，I0。表中n表示累積穩定常數。金屬-無機配位體配合物的穩定常數 Stability Constants of Metal Ion-Inorganic Coordination Compounds 序號(No.) 配位體(Ligand) 金屬

2、離子(Metal ion) 配位體數目n (Number of ligand) lgn 1 NH3 Ag+ 1,2 3.24,7.05 Au3+ 4 10.3 Cd2+ 1,2,3,4,5,6 2.65,4.75,6.19,7.12,6.80,5.14 Co2+ 1,2,3,4,5,6 2.11,3.74,4.79,5.55,5.73,5.11 Co3+ 1,2,3,4,5,6 6.7,14.0,20.1,25.7,30.8,35.2 Cu+ 1,2 5.93,10.86 Cu2+ 1,2,3,4,5 4.31,7.98,11.02,13.32,12.86 Fe2+ 1,2 1.4,2.2 H

3、g2+ 1,2,3,4 8.8,17.5,18.5,19.28 Mn2+ 1,2 0.8,1.3 Ni2+ 1,2,3,4,5,6 2.80,5.04,6.77,7.96,8.71,8.74 Pd2+ 1,2,3,4 9.6,18.5,26.0,32.8 Pt2+ 6 35.3 Zn2+ 1,2,3,4 2.37,4.81,7.31,9.46 2 Br- Ag+ 1,2,3,4 4.38,7.33,8.00,8.73 Bi3+ 1,2,3,4,5,6 2.37,4.20,5.90,7.30,8.20,8.30 Cd2+ 1,2,3,4 1.75,2.34,3.32,3.70, Ce3+ 1 0

4、.42 Cu+ 2 5.89 Cu2+ 1 0.30 Hg2+ 1,2,3,4 9.05,17.32,19.74,21.00 In3+ 1,2 1.30,1.88 Pb2+ 1,2,3,4 1.77,2.60,3.00,2.30 Pd2+ 1,2,3,4 5.17,9.42,12.70,14.90 Rh3+ 2,3,4,5,6 14.3,16.3,17.6,18.4,17.2 Sc3+ 1,2 2.08,3.08 Sn2+ 1,2,3 1.11,1.81,1.46 Tl3+ 1,2,3,4,5,6 9.7,16.6,21.2,23.9,29.2,31.6 U4+ 1 0.18 Y3+ 1 1.

5、32 3 Cl- Ag+ 1,2,4 3.04,5.04,5.30 Bi3+ 1,2,3,4 2.44,4.7,5.0,5.6 Cd2+ 1,2,3,4 1.95,2.50,2.60,2.80 Co3+ 1 1.42 Cu+ 2,3 5.5,5.7 Cu2+ 1,2 0.1, -0.6 Fe2+ 1 1.17 Fe3+ 2 9.8 Hg2+ 1,2,3,4 6.74,13.22,14.07,15.07 In3+ 1,2,3,4 1.62,2.44,1.70,1.60 Pb2+ 1,2,3 1.42,2.23,3.23 Pd2+ 1,2,3,4 6.1,10.7,13.1,15.7 Pt2+ 2

6、,3,4 11.5,14.5,16.0 Sb3+ 1,2,3,4 2.26,3.49,4.18,4.72 Sn2+ 1,2,3,4 1.51,2.24,2.03,1.48 Tl3+ 1,2,3,4 8.14,13.60,15.78,18.00 Th4+ 1,2 1.38,0.38 Zn2+ 1,2,3,4 0.43,0.61,0.53,0.20 Zr4+ 1,2,3,4 0.9,1.3,1.5,1.2 4 CN- Ag+ 2,3,4 21.1,21.7,20.6 Au+ 2 38.3 Cd2+ 1,2,3,4 5.48,10.60,15.23,18.78 Cu+ 2,3,4 24.0,28.5

7、9,30.30 Fe2+ 6 35.0 Fe3+ 6 42.0 Hg2+ 4 41.4 Ni2+ 4 31.3 Zn2+ 1,2,3,4 5.3,11.70,16.70,21.60 5 F- Al3+ 1,2,3,4,5,6 6.11,11.12,15.00,18.00,19.40,19.80 Be2+ 1,2,3,4 4.99,8.80,11.60,13.10 Bi3+ 1 1.42 Co2+ 1 0.4 Cr3+ 1,2,3 4.36,8.70,11.20 Cu2+ 1 0.9 Fe2+10.8Fe3+1,2,3,55.28,9.30,12.06,15.77Ga3+1,2,34.49,8.

8、00,10.50Hf4+1,2,3,4,5,69.0,16.5,23.1,28.8,34.0,38.0Hg2+11.03In3+1,2,3,43.70,6.40,8.60,9.80Mg2+11.30Mn2+15.48Ni2+10.50Pb2+1,21.44,2.54Sb3+1,2,3,43.0,5.7,8.3,10.9Sn2+1,2,34.08,6.68,9.50Th4+1,2,3,48.44,15.08,19.80,23.20TiO2+1,2,3,45.4,9.8,13.7,18.0Zn2+10.78Zr4+1,2,3,4,5,69.4,17.2,23.7,29.5,33.5,38.36I-

9、Ag+1,2,36.58,11.74,13.68Bi3+1,4,5,63.63,14.95,16.80,18.80Cd2+1,2,3,42.10,3.43,4.49,5.41Cu+28.85Fe3+11.88Hg2+1,2,3,412.87,23.82,27.60,29.83Pb2+1,2,3,42.00,3.15,3.92,4.47Pd2+424.5Tl+1,2,30.72,0.90,1.08Tl3+1,2,3,411.41,20.88,27.60,31.827OH-Ag+1,22.0,3.99Al3+1,49.27,33.03As3+1,2,3,414.33,18.73,20.60,21.

10、20Be2+1,2,39.7,14.0,15.2Bi3+1,2,412.7,15.8,35.2Ca2+11.3Cd2+1,2,3,44.17,8.33,9.02,8.62Ce3+14.6Ce4+1,213.28,26.46Co2+1,2,3,44.3,8.4,9.7,10.2Cr3+1,2,410.1,17.8,29.9Cu2+1,2,3,47.0,13.68,17.00,18.5Fe2+1,2,3,45.56,9.77,9.67,8.58Fe3+1,2,311.87,21.17,29.67Hg2+1,2,310.6,21.8,20.9In3+1,2,3,410.0,20.2,29.6,38.

11、9Mg2+12.58Mn2+1,33.9,8.3Ni2+1,2,34.97,8.55,11.33Pa4+1,2,3,414.04,27.84,40.7,51.4Pb2+1,2,37.82,10.85,14.58Pd2+1,213.0,25.8Sb3+2,3,424.3,36.7,38.3Sc3+18.9Sn2+110.4Th3+1,212.86,25.37Ti3+112.71Zn2+1,2,3,44.40,11.30,14.14,17.66Zr4+1,2,3,414.3,28.3,41.9,55.38NO3-Ba2+10.92Bi3+11.26Ca2+10.28Cd2+10.40Fe3+11.

12、0Hg2+10.35Pb2+11.18Tl+10.33Tl3+10.929P2O74-Ba2+14.6Ca2+14.6Cd3+15.6Co2+16.1Cu2+1,26.7,9.0Hg2+212.38Mg2+15.7Ni2+1,25.8,7.4Pb2+1,27.3,10.15Zn2+1,28.7,11.010SCN-Ag+1,2,3,44.6,7.57,9.08,10.08Bi3+1,2,3,4,5,61.67,3.00,4.00,4.80,5.50,6.10Cd2+1,2,3,41.39,1.98,2.58,3.6Cr3+1,21.87,2.98Cu+1,212.11,5.18Cu2+1,21

13、.90,3.00Fe3+1,2,3,4,5,62.21,3.64,5.00,6.30,6.20,6.10Hg2+1,2,3,49.08,16.86,19.70,21.70Ni2+1,2,31.18,1.64,1.81Pb2+1,2,30.78,0.99,1.00Sn2+1,2,31.17,1.77,1.74Th4+1,21.08,1.78Zn2+1,2,3,41.33,1.91,2.00,1.6011S2O32-Ag+1,28.82,13.46Cd2+1,23.92,6.44Cu+1,2,310.27,12.22,13.84Fe3+12.10Hg2+2,3,429.44,31.90,33.24

14、Pb2+2,35.13,6.3512SO42-Ag+11.3Ba2+12.7Bi3+1,2,3,4,51.98,3.41,4.08,4.34,4.60Fe3+1,24.04,5.38Hg2+1,21.34,2.40In3+1,2,31.78,1.88,2.36Ni2+12.4Pb2+12.75Pr3+1,23.62,4.92Th4+1,23.32,5.50Zr4+1,2,33.79,6.64,7.77 金屬-有機配位體配合物的穩定常數（表中離子強度都是在有限的范圍內，I0。）Stability Constants of Metal Ion-Organic Coordination Compou

15、nds 序號(No.)配位體(Ligand)金屬離子 (Metal ion)配位體數目 n (Number of ligand)lgn1乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)(HOOCCH2)2NCH22Ag+17.32Al3+116.11Ba2+17.78Be2+19.3Bi3+122.8Ca2+111.0Cd2+116.4Co2+116.31Co3+136.0Cr3+123.0Cu2+118.7Fe2+114.83Fe3+124.23Ga3+120.25Hg2+121.80In3+124.95Li+12.79Mg2+18.64Mn2+113.8Mo(V)16.36Na+11.66Ni2+118.56Pb

16、2+118.3Pd2+118.5Sc2+123.1Sn2+122.1Sr2+18.80Th4+123.2TiO2+117.3Tl3+122.5U4+117.50VO2+118.0Y3+118.32Zn2+116.4Zr4+119.42 乙酸 (Acetic acid) CH3COOH Ag+ 1,2 0.73,0.64 Ba2+ 1 0.41 Ca2+ 1 0.6 Cd2+ 1,2,3 1.5,2.3,2.4 Ce3+ 1,2,3,4 1.68,2.69,3.13,3.18 Co2+ 1,2 1.5,1.9 Cr3+ 1,2,3 4.63,7.08,9.60 Cu2+(20) 1,2 2.16

17、,3.20 In3+ 1,2,3,4 3.50,5.95,7.90,9.08 Mn2+ 1,2 9.84,2.06 Ni2+ 1,2 1.12,1.81 Pb2+ 1,2,3,4 2.52,4.0,6.4,8.5 Sn2+ 1,2,3 3.3,6.0,7.3 Tl3+ 1,2,3,4 6.17,11.28,15.10,18.3 Zn2+ 1 1.5 3 乙酰丙酮 (Acetyl acetone)   CH3COCH2CH3 Al3+(30) 1,2 8.6,15.5 Cd2+ 1,2 3.84,6.66 Co2+ 1,2 5.40,9.54 Cr2+ 1,2 5.96,11.7 Cu

18、2+ 1,2 8.27,16.34 Fe2+ 1,2 5.07,8.67 Fe3+ 1,2,3 11.4,22.1,26.7 Hg2+ 2 21.5 Mg2+ 1,2 3.65,6.27 Mn2+ 1,2 4.24,7.35 Mn3+ 3 3.86 Ni2+(20) 1,2,3 6.06,10.77,13.09 Pb2+ 2 6.32 Pd2+(30) 1,2 16.2,27.1 Th4+ 1,2,3,4 8.8,16.2,22.5,26.7 Ti3+ 1,2,3 10.43,18.82,24.90 V2+ 1,2,3 5.4,10.2,14.7 Zn2+(30) 1,2 4.98,8.81

19、Zr4+ 1,2,3,4 8.4,16.0,23.2,30.1 4 草酸(Oxalic acid)   HOOCCOOH Ag+ 1 2.41 Al3+ 1,2,3 7.26,13.0,16.3 Ba2+ 1 2.31 Ca2+ 1 3.0 Cd2+ 1,2 3.52,5.77 Co2+ 1,2,3 4.79,6.7,9.7 Cu2+ 1,2 6.23,10.27 Fe2+ 1,2,3 2.9,4.52,5.22 Fe3+ 1,2,3 9.4,16.2,20.2 Hg2+ 1 9.66 Hg22+ 2 6.98 Mg2+ 1,2 3.43,4.38 Mn2+ 1,2 3.97,5.8

20、0 Mn3+ 1,2,3 9.98,16.57,19.42 Ni2+ 1,2,3 5.3,7.64,8.5 Pb2+ 1,2 4.91,6.76 Sc3+ 1,2,3,4 6.86,11.31,14.32,16.70 Th4+ 4 24.48 Zn2+ 1,2,3 4.89,7.60,8.15 Zr4+ 1,2,3,4 9.80,17.14,20.86,21.15 5 乳酸 (Lactic acid)   CH3CHOHCOOH Ba2+ 1 0.64 Ca2+ 1 1.42 Cd2+ 1 1.70 Co2+ 1 1.90 Cu2+ 1,2 3.02,4.85 Fe3+ 1 7.1

21、Mg2+ 1 1.37 Mn2+ 1 1.43 Ni2+ 1 2.22 Pb2+ 1,2 2.40,3.80 Sc2+ 1 5.2 Th4+ 1 5.5 Zn2+ 1,2 2.20,3.75 6 水楊酸 (Salicylic acid)   C6H4(OH)COOH Al3+ 1 14.11 Cd2+ 1 5.55 Co2+ 1,2 6.72,11.42 Cr2+ 1,2 8.4,15.3 Cu2+ 1,2 10.60,18.45 Fe2+ 1,2 6.55,11.25 Mn2+ 1,2 5.90,9.80 Ni2+ 1,2 6.95,11.75 Th4+ 1,2,3,4 4.25,

22、7.60,10.05,11.60 TiO2+ 1 6.09 V2+ 1 6.3 Zn2+ 1 6.85 7 磺基水楊酸(5-sulfosalicylic acid)   HO3SC6H3(OH)COOH Al3+(0.1mol/L) 1,2,3 13.20,22.83,28.89 Be2+(0.1mol/L) 1,2 11.71,20.81 Cd2+(0.1mol/L) 1,2 16.68,29.08 Co2+(0.1mol/L) 1,2 6.13,9.82 Cr3+(0.1mol/L) 1 9.56 Cu2+(0.1mol/L) 1,2 9.52,16.45 Fe2+(0.1mol

23、/L) 1,2 5.9,9.9 Fe3+(0.1mol/L) 1,2,3 14.64,25.18,32.12 Mn2+(0.1mol/L) 1,2 5.24,8.24 Ni2+(0.1mol/L) 1,2 6.42,10.24 Zn2+(0.1mol/L) 1,2 6.05,10.65 8 酒石酸 (Tartaric acid)   (HOOCCHOH)2 Ba2+ 2 1.62 Bi3+ 3 8.30 Ca2+ 1,2 2.98,9.01 Cd2+ 1 2.8 Co2+ 1 2.1 Cu2+ 1,2,3,4 3.2,5.11,4.78,6.51 Fe3+ 1 7.49 Hg2+ 1

24、 7.0 Mg2+ 2 1.36 Mn2+ 1 2.49 Ni2+ 1 2.06 Pb2+ 1,3 3.78,4.7 Sn2+ 1 5.2 Zn2+ 1,2 2.68,8.32 9 丁二酸(Butanedioic acid) HOOCCH2CH2COOH Ba2+ 1 2.08 Be2+ 1 3.08 Ca2+ 1 2.0 Cd2+ 1 2.2 Co2+ 1 2.22 Cu2+ 1 3.33 Fe3+ 1 7.49 Hg2+ 2 7.28 Mg2+ 1 1.20 Mn2+ 1 2.26 Ni2+ 1 2.36 Pb2+ 1 2.8 Zn2+ 1 1.6 10 硫脲(Thiourea) H2NC

25、(S)NH2 Ag+ 1,2 7.4,13.1 Bi3+ 6 11.9 Cd2+ 1,2,3,4 0.6,1.6,2.6,4.6 Cu+ 3,4 13.0,15.4 Hg2+ 2,3,4 22.1,24.7,26.8 Pb2+ 1,2,3,4 1.4,3.1,4.7,8.3 11 乙二胺(Ethyoenediamine)   H2NCH2CH2NH2 Ag+ 1,2 4.70,7.70 Cd2+(20) 1,2,3 5.47,10.09,12.09 Co2+ 1,2,3 5.91,10.64,13.94 Co3+ 1,2,3 18.7,34.9,48.69 Cr2+ 1,2 5.15

26、,9.19 Cu+ 2 10.8 Cu2+ 1,2,3 10.67,20.0,21.0 Fe2+ 1,2,3 4.34,7.65,9.70 Hg2+ 1,2 14.3,23.3 Mg2+ 1 0.37 Mn2+ 1,2,3 2.73,4.79,5.67 Ni2+ 1,2,3 7.52,13.84,18.33 Pd2+ 2 26.90 V2+ 1,2 4.6,7.5 Zn2+ 1,2,3 5.77,10.83,14.11 12 吡啶(Pyridine) C5H5N Ag+ 1,2 1.97,4.35 Cd2+ 1,2,3,4 1.40,1.95,2.27,2.50 Co2+ 1,2 1.14,1

27、.54 Cu2+ 1,2,3,4 2.59,4.33,5.93,6.54 Fe2+ 1 0.71 Hg2+ 1,2,3 5.1,10.0,10.4 Mn2+ 1,2,3,4 1.92,2.77,3.37,3.50 Zn2+ 1,2,3,4 1.41,1.11,1.61,1.93 13 甘氨酸(Glycin)   H2NCH2COOH Ag+ 1,2 3.41,6.89 Ba2+ 1 0.77 Ca2+ 1 1.38 Cd2+ 1,2 4.74,8.60 Co2+ 1,2,3 5.23,9.25,10.76 Cu2+ 1,2,3 8.60,15.54,16.27 Fe2+(20) 1,

28、2 4.3,7.8 Hg2+ 1,2 10.3,19.2 Mg2+ 1,2 3.44,6.46 Mn2+ 1,2 3.6,6.6 Ni2+ 1,2,3 6.18,11.14,15.0 Pb2+ 1,2 5.47,8.92 Pd2+ 1,2 9.12,17.55 Zn2+ 1,2 5.52,9.96 14 2-甲基-8-羥基喹啉 (50%二噁烷) (8-Hydroxy-2-methyl quinoline) Cd2+ 1,2,3 9.00,9.00,16.60 Ce3+ 1 7.71 Co2+ 1,2 9.63,18.50 Cu2+ 1,2 12.48,24.00 Fe2+ 1,2 8.75,1

29、7.10 Mg2+ 1,2 5.24,9.64 Mn2+ 1,2 7.44,13.99 Ni2+ 1,2 9.41,17.76 Pb2+ 1,2 10.30,18.50 UO22+ 1,2 9.4,17.0 Zn2+ 1,2 9.82,18.72 EDTA的lgY(H)值 lgY(H) Values of EDTA pH lgY(H) pH lgY(H) pH lgY(H) pH lgY(H) pH lgY(H) 0.0 23.64 2.5 11.90 5.0 6.45 7.5 2.78 10.0 0.45 0.1 23.06 2.6 11.62 5.1 6.26 7.6 2.68 10.1 0.39 0.2 22.47 2.7 11.35 5.2 6.07 7.7 2.57 10.2 0.33 0.3 21.89 2.8 11.09 5.3 5.88 7.8 2.47 10.3 0.28 0.4 21.32 2.9 10