1、外語教學與研究出版社unit 4 health4warming-up12356listeningreadingspeakingwritingfun timewarming-upwarming-upyoud better go to see the doctor warming-upwarming-updoing exercises is good for your health.listeninglistening a. you will hear five short conversations twice. for each question, choose the best from t

2、he choices marked a, b or c.1. what does mr. matson do? a. b. c.2. what hasnt the man asked for? a. b. c.listeninglistening3. what does the woman want? a. b. c.4. what is the news about? a. b. c.5. how did the accident happen? a. b. c.listeninglisteningb. you will hear a conversation. it will be rea

3、d twice. listen carefully and choose the right answer to complete each question.1. what cost has increased again?a. the hospitals bill.b. the health insurance.c. medicine.2. what has been so expensive lately?a. medicine.b. doctors fee.c. medical care. listening listening3. why was peter in the hospi

4、tal last year?a. because he had an accident.b. because he was ill.c. because he worked there.4. how much was the hospital bill for that?a. over three thousand dollars.b. less than three thousand dollars.c. three thousand dollars.5. who paid for all the hospital bills?a. peters parents.b. peter.c. th

5、e health insurance.listeninglisteningc. you will hear five sentences which will be read three times. listen, repeat and write down what you hear.1. _2. _3. _4. _5. _have you ever had an operation?tom had a blood test yesterday.many people have health insurance.more patients have been cured since las

6、t year.medical costs in the united states are very high.listeninglisteningd. listen to the dialogue twice and supply the missing words. to distinguish (辨別) which factor _ the likelihood (可能性) of getting a _, researchers isolated (隔離) a _ of volunteers (志愿者) at the common cold research unit. they sho

7、wed that the _ of getting a cold are directly related to (與有關) stress (壓力). the more stress you _ , the more likely you are to be infected (感染).in addition, if you are under stress, you are also more likely to _ and _. _ are much more at risk (有危險) of getting colds than non-smokers. but non-smokers

8、who drink 2 to 3 units of alcohol (酒) a day are _ at risk than people who do not drink. this is a good _those who drink moderately (適度地).increasescoldgroupchancesfeeldrinksmokesmokerslessnewslisteninglisteningtapescripta. 1. f: who is the man over there? m: hes mr. watson. f: is he a teacher? m: no,

9、 he is a doctor. 2. f: heres some coffee. m: oh, fantastic. is there any sugar? f: sugar . yes, of course . here you are. m: thanks. f: whats the matter now? m: are there any chocolate biscuits? f: no, there arent. m: oh.listeninglistening3. m: would you like something to drink? f: just some water,

10、please. m: are you sure? f: quite certain. thank you.4. f: have you heard the news? m: no. f: theres been a terrible air crash. m: oh dear! where was it? f: at a town called banford.5. m: how did carlos injure his hand? f: he was bending down to pick something up and he touched one of the wheels in

11、the machine next to him. m: i thought he was with a hammer. f: no, he didnt. his hand touched part of the machine. he should take more care. a few minutes before he almost caught his hand in a heavy door.listeninglisteningb. f: our health insurance bill came yesterday. the cost has increased again.

12、m: again? we have had two increases this year. f: medical care has been so expensive lately. m: remember when peter was in the hospital after his accident last year? f: i sure do. the hospital bills for that was over $3,000, and how much did the doctor charge us? m: i dont remember. but our insuranc

13、e paid for all the bills. f: and peter got excellent care at the hospital, didnt he? m: yes, he did. i guess i cant complain about the money we have paid for health insurance all these years.listeninglisteningd. to distinguish (辨別) which factor increases the likelihood（可能性）of getting a cold, researc

14、hers isolated（隔離）a group of volunteers at the common cold research unit. they showed that the chances of getting a cold are directly related to stress. the more stress you feel, the more likely you are to be infected. in addition, if you are under stress, you are also more likely to drink and smoke.

15、 smokers are much more at risk of getting colds than non-smokers. but nonsmokers who drink 2 to 3 units of alcohol a day are less at risk than people who do not drink. this is good news for those who drink moderately. readingreadinghealth109 hilltop roadcoventry cv47 alengland, uk.june 28, 1995dear

16、mr. zhang, thank you for your letter dated june 10, 1995. it seems that youre interested in the health services in the uk. well, i can tell you something about them. when one is ill, he or she is either a private patient or a national health service patient. most people get some kind of help from th

17、e national health service, and only a few rich people can afford a private doctor. the national health service rose out of an idea that britain should become a welfare state, one that provides health, comfort and freedom for all its people. in the fifty years of its existence the national health ser

18、vice has really done a great job. most people here usually have a family doctor that works for the national health service. dont get the wrong idea that a family doctor sees only one family. a family doctor is a gp (short for general practitioner), and not a specialist like the dentist, optician or

19、pharmacist. family doctors often work together in teams, so that they can share their work and use the same surgery. we usually dont pay for the service given by a family doctor or the hospital, neither do we pay for the medicine we get from them. however, if you have an eye or tooth problem, then y

20、ouve got to see a specialist, who charges a slight fee. another thing that you have to pay for is the medicine you get from a pharmacist with a doctors prescription. of course, if one is under 16 or over 65, or if he or she is living on the dole, he or she doesnt have to pay. besides the family doct

21、or, we often get help from our district nurse, whose specific job is to check expectant mothers in their homes. as i said, if one doesnt trust the national health service and if he or she is rich enough, he or she can choose to see a private doctor and, when hospitalized, he or she can have a “pay b

22、ed”. but most people are satisfied with the national health service. most people get good careespecially the old, the weak, and the unemployed. what about medical and health care in your country? im told china has the least expensive medical services in the world. you seem to have a quite similar sy

23、stem to ours. id be very happy if you would write and tell me about it. yours sincerely, mark smith健健 康康親愛的張先生：親愛的張先生： 謝謝你謝謝你1995 年年6 月月10 日的來信。看來你對英國的醫療保日的來信。看來你對英國的醫療保健體制很感興趣。我可以告訴你一些有關的情況。當一個人生健體制很感興趣。我可以告訴你一些有關的情況。當一個人生病時，他既可以去找私人醫生也可以到國民醫療保健機構看病。病時，他既可以去找私人醫生也可以到國民醫療保健機構看病。大多數人都從國民醫療保健機構獲得某種幫助，

24、只有少數富人大多數人都從國民醫療保健機構獲得某種幫助，只有少數富人能請得起私人醫生。能請得起私人醫生。 國民醫療保健機構的形成產生于這樣一個想法：即英國應國民醫療保健機構的形成產生于這樣一個想法：即英國應該是一個福利國家，一個為所有國民提供健康、舒適和自由的該是一個福利國家，一個為所有國民提供健康、舒適和自由的國家。在它存在的國家。在它存在的50 多年里，國民醫療保健機構確實做了出多年里，國民醫療保健機構確實做了出色的工作。色的工作。 大多數人通常有一個隸屬于國民醫療保健機構的家庭醫生。大多數人通常有一個隸屬于國民醫療保健機構的家庭醫生。不要以為一個家庭醫生只為一個家庭看病。家庭醫生是通科醫不

25、要以為一個家庭醫生只為一個家庭看病。家庭醫生是通科醫生，不像牙科醫生、眼科醫生或藥劑醫師這樣的專家。家庭醫生，不像牙科醫生、眼科醫生或藥劑醫師這樣的專家。家庭醫生通常以小組形式在一起工作，以便分工合作，共同使用同一生通常以小組形式在一起工作，以便分工合作，共同使用同一診所。請家庭醫生或在醫院看病和拿藥通常都不用付費。診所。請家庭醫生或在醫院看病和拿藥通常都不用付費。 不過，如果眼睛或牙齒出了問題，你就得去找專家，他會收取少量的費不過，如果眼睛或牙齒出了問題，你就得去找專家，他會收取少量的費用。另外，如果你拿著醫生的處方去藥劑師那兒取藥，就得付費。當然，如用。另外，如果你拿著醫生的處方去藥劑師那

26、兒取藥，就得付費。當然，如果某人年齡不足果某人年齡不足16 歲或超過歲或超過65 歲，或是靠失業救濟金生活，則不需要付費。歲，或是靠失業救濟金生活，則不需要付費。 除了家庭醫生外，我們通常接受本區護士的幫助。去準媽媽家中給她們除了家庭醫生外，我們通常接受本區護士的幫助。去準媽媽家中給她們檢查身體是地區護士的特定職責。檢查身體是地區護士的特定職責。 正像我剛才說的，如果某人不信任國民醫療保健機構，或者他有足夠的正像我剛才說的，如果某人不信任國民醫療保健機構，或者他有足夠的錢，他可以選擇請私人醫生，如果住院則需付床位費。但是絕大多數人對國錢，他可以選擇請私人醫生，如果住院則需付床位費。但是絕大多數

27、人對國民醫療保健機構的服務是滿意的。大多數人都得到了很好的照料民醫療保健機構的服務是滿意的。大多數人都得到了很好的照料特別是特別是老人、身體虛弱的人及失業者。老人、身體虛弱的人及失業者。 你們國家的醫療保健情況如何？據說中國的醫療服務費是世界上最低的。你們國家的醫療保健情況如何？據說中國的醫療服務費是世界上最低的。看來，你們的醫療體制和我國很類似。如果你能寫信告知有關的情況，我將看來，你們的醫療體制和我國很類似。如果你能寫信告知有關的情況，我將會很高興。會很高興。你的忠誠的你的忠誠的馬克馬克史密斯史密斯 1. uk 英國，為英國，為the united kingdom of great bri

28、tain and northern ireland （大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯合王國）的縮寫。（大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯合王國）的縮寫。2. national health service 國民醫療保健機構，縮寫為國民醫療保健機構，縮寫為nhs。3. the nhs rose out of an idea that britain should become a welfare state . 國民醫療保健機構產生于要使英國成為福利國家的想法國民醫療保健機構產生于要使英國成為福利國家的想法a welfare state 福利國家（以保障社會安全，推行失業保險、公費醫療制度為標志的國家）rise out

29、 of 起因于，發源于 例如：the dispute rose out of misunderstanding. 這個爭執起因于誤解。4. gp 通科醫生，普通醫生（為通科醫生，普通醫生（為general practitioner 的縮寫）的縮寫）5. on the dole 依靠失業救濟金依靠失業救濟金例如： john has been on the dole for two years. 喬治接受失業救濟金已有兩年。6. pay bed （醫院內）收費的床位（醫院內）收費的床位 pay phone 收費公用電話收費公用電話 pay 68 school 私立學校，收取學費的學校私立學校，收取

30、學費的學校seem vi. 似乎，好像似乎，好像to appear to exist or be true, or to have a particular qualitye.g. ann didnt seem very sure. it seems a foolish decision now.seem to do sth. 似乎要做似乎要做.e.g. the rainbow seemed to end on the hillside（山坡）.it seems (that) 似乎似乎.，看起來，看起來.e.g. it seemed that freeman had killed the ma

31、n, and dumped（傾倒，丟下） the body in the lake.it seems likely/unlikely/reasonable/clear (that) 似乎很可能似乎很可能/不可能不可能/合理的合理的 /清楚的清楚的.e.g. it seems likely that he will miss irelands next match.seem as if/as though/like 看起來像看起來像.e.g. it seemed as if the end of the world had come. it seems like youre catching a

32、 cold, taylor.afford vt.to have enough money to buy or pay for somethingafford is always used with “ can”, “ could”, or “ be able”. you dont say thatsomeone affords something. you say that someone can afford to have/dosomething. dont use a passive form of afford.e.g. do you think one day well be abl

33、e to afford a new house? i couldnt afford the rent on my own. we cant afford to wait any longer or well miss the plane.welfare n.1) u health, comfort and happinesse.g. our only concern is the childrens welfare. he is concerned about the welfare of young men in prison.2) u help that is provided for p

34、eople with social or financial problemse.g. the companys welfare officer deals with employees personal problems. the national fund pays welfare benefits such as unemployment and sickness pay.a welfare state is a system in which the government looks after and pays forpeople who are ill, old, or who c

35、an not get a fort1) n. u a feeling of being physically relaxed and satisfied, so that nothing is hurting you, making you feel too hot or cold, etc.e.g. all our sports shoes are designed for comfort and performance. upstairs is a more intimate bar where guests can relax in comfort. now you can watch

36、your favorite movies in the comfort of your own home.2) n. u a feeling of not suffering or worrying so muche.g. i tried to offer a few words of comfort. if its any comfort to you, im in the same situation.3) v. to make somebody who is worried or unhappy feel better by being kind towards theme.g. she

37、 was being comforted by family and friends. she comforted herself with the thought that it would soon be spring. it comforted her to feel his arms around her.share v.to have or use with another or otherse.g. we dont have enough books so youll have to share. the three of us shared a taxi. i have an o

38、ffice that i share with some other teachers.besides1) prep. in addition to or as well aswhen we want to add new information to what is already known.e.g. besides literature, we have to study history and philosophy. ( history and philosophy as well as literature) who was at the party besides jack and

39、 the bensons? (i know about jack and the bensons, but who else was there?) what language do you know besides chinese and english?besides doing sth.e.g. he writes novels and poems, besides working for the bbc. education must sow the seeds of wisdom, besides implanting knowledge and skills. besides be

40、ing heart broken, she felt foolish.2) adv. in addition to someone or something else just mentionede.g. i need the money. and besides, when i agree to do something, i do it. would these figures prove anything? and besides, who keeps such statistics? people choose jobs for other reasons besides money.

41、compare:beside prep.at the side of or bye.g. whos the big blonde sitting beside philip? i sat down beside my wife.besides and exceptthese two words are sometimes confused.besides usually includes: it is like saying with, or plus (+)except excludes: it is like saying without, or minus (-)e.g. besides

42、 half a bottle of whisky, he drank three gins and some beer. i like all drinks except whisky. (i dont like whisky.) specific adj.1) only before noun used to refer a particular thing and not something generale.g. could we arrange a specific time to meet? is this game meant for a specific age-group? t

43、he picture has a specific style.2) detailed and exacte.g. mr. howarth gave us very specific instructions.could you be more specific about what youre looking for?check1) v. to do something in order to find out whether something really is correct, true, or in good conditione.g. youd better have a heal

44、th check every year. all our machines are given regular checks. fill in the cash book carefully and always check your calculations.2) n. money; billin american english, check is a printed form on which you write an amount ofmoney and say who it is to be paid to. your bank then pays the money to that

45、person from your account.e.g. ellen wrote a check to the landlady. they sent me a check for $1,000.in british english, this word is spelled as cheque. in american english, a checkis also a piece of paper showing how much money you owe for a meal in arestaurant.e.g. he waved to a waiter and got the c

46、heck. can i have the check, please?be satisfied withto feel happy withe.g. if you are satisfied with something, you are pleased with it, because it is what you wanted. youve done well at school. im very satisfied with you. are you quite satisfied with your new house? they seemed quite satisfied with

47、 their answers.1) used to begin a list of two or more possibilities, or used to say that if one thing does not happen then something else will have to句型：句型：either ore.g. shes the kind of person you either love or hate.its your choice! either she leaves or i will!few can afford either the calories or

48、 the cost of frequent trips to thesegourmet candy stores.for better rates you must operate your account either by post or via theinternet.madame, you see, never assumed either ignorance or experience.1) used when mentioning two things that are not true or possiblee.g. neither olegs mother nor his fa

49、ther spoke english.the equipment is neither accurate nor safe.i neither can, nor wish to, exclude the media from these proceedings.in all that time he had neither moved nor shown any interest in therescue attempt.it is neither an obsession nor a projection of his mind, although itcertainly does comp

50、el him.句型：句型：neither nor2) dont say “neither . or .”. say “not . or .” or “neither . nor .”e.g. it was an incredible year, one in which the suns were neither lucky nor good.once they had got over the first shock, neither bridget nor tracey seemedable to take her story entirely seriously.the party an

51、d its leaders were defended neither by white nor blue-collarworkers nor kolkhoz farmers.e.g. we dont know or care where he is.neither he nor his wife eats meat.i. according to the text, are the following sentences right or wrong? if there is not enough information to decide, choose “doesnt say”.1. w

52、hen one is ill, he can always get free health care in the uk. a. right. b. wrong. c. doesnt say.2. the author has a positive attitude（積極的態度）towards the health service in the uk. a. right. b. wrong. c. doesnt say.3. in china, most people usually have a family doctor. a. right. b. wrong. c. doesnt say

53、. 4. people in the uk usually pay for the service given by a family doctor or the hospital. a. right. b. wrong. c. doesnt say.5. the nhs provides a lot of medical care for the british people. a. right. b. wrong. c. doesnt say.ii. choose the best ending from the box below to complete each of the sent

54、ences.a. often work together in teams b. an expert in chemistry c. a private doctor d. see a dentist e. skilled in preparing medicines f. a family doctor g. has really done a great job h. only see one family 1. only a few rich people can afford _.2. in the fifty years of its existence the nhs _.3. f

55、amily doctors _.4. a pharmacist is a person who is _.5. if you have a tooth problem, youve got to _.cgaediii. fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given below. change the form where necessary.either . or afford share pay for on the dolebe satisfied with check besides so that choose1. fin

56、ish this _ you can start another.2. after _ the house, he got the key to it.3. im not sure where hes from. hes _ spanish _ italian.4. _ english, we have to study russian.5. i couldnt _ a new car, so i bought a second-hand one.6. they cant live _ forever. they need to find a job to make a living.so t

57、hatpaying foreitherorbesidesaffordon the dole7. the students finished the exercises and then _ the answers with the teacher.8. tom and jack _ the same room.9. do you want to _ your own life or to have your life _ by your parents?10. the guests _ the service of the hotel.chosensharechoosecheckedare s

58、atisfied withiv. match each word in column a with a similar meaning in column b. ab1. seem2. afford3. provide4. dentist5. surgery6. slight a. payment for professional advice or services b. a place where a doctor or dentist gives treatment c. small in degree d. to believe that someone is honest or wi

59、ll not do anything bad or wrong e. region; administrative division f. to appear to exist or to be true, or to have a particular qualityfhjgbcab7. fee8. trust9. district10. check g. someone whose job is to treat peoples teeth h. to have enough money to buy or to pay for something i. to do something i

60、n order to find out whether something really is correct, true, or in good condition j. to give something to someone or to make it available to them, because they need it or want itadeiv. fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given in the brackets.1. we got incredibly (難以置信地) good (ser