1、精品好資料學習推薦名詞（一）一、名詞的概念：在我們身邊存在著形形色色的人和事物，它們都有自己的稱呼，我們用來稱呼它們的詞就是名詞，概括來說表示人、事物、地方、現象等的名稱的詞都叫名詞。二、名詞的分類：1專有名詞：它的第一個字母通常大寫。a. 人名、地名、國名等例如：Lucy, Shanghai, Chinab.組織、團體、機構等例如: the United Nationsc.語言、星期、月份等例如：English, Friday, March (注意介詞in/on/at的用法)注意：國家與人的對應China- Chinese America- American(s) Australia- Au

2、stralian(s) Canada- Canadian(s) Japan- Japanese Germany- German(s)France-Frenchman(Frenchmen) GB-Englishman(Englishmen)2普通名詞：（1）不可數名詞：不可以直接以數字計算的名詞。例如：snow, air, water, rice, paper, work, news(新聞)，food, rain, weather, juice, milk, meat, money ，English, fruit , information 不可數名詞要表示具體數量，必須借助of短語。如不能說o

3、ne bread，但是可以說one piece of bread和two pieces of bread。只能用來修飾不可數名詞的表示數量的一些詞或短語：little很少的（表示否定）； a little一些（表示肯定），much（許多），how much（多少）， a bit of（一些）既能用來修飾可數名詞又能用來修飾不可數名詞的表示數量的一些詞或短語：some(一些，用于肯定句), any（一些，用于否定和疑問句）a lot of (許多), lots of(許多)不可數名詞量的表示方法：計量詞+of 例如：a piece of news a cup of tea a piece of

4、bread two pieces of news two cups of tea two pieces of bread注意： a bag of apples （2）可數名詞：可以直接以數字計算的名詞。如one book、two pens。可數名詞有數的變化，即每個名詞都有單數和復數兩種形式。可數名詞可以用兩種方式表示具體數量：1、直接在其前加數詞；2、在其前加of短語（of+可以用作計量的名詞）。如：one egg, two eggs; one basket of eggs, two baskets of eggs名詞復數的構成：a. 一般情況下，直接在詞尾加s; 例如：book-books

5、 girl-girls desk-desksb.以s, x, sh, ch結尾的，在詞尾加es；例如：box-boxes bus-buses watch-watches fish-fishesc. 以輔音字母+y 結尾的，變y為i 加es; 例如：city-cities family-families以元音字母（a, e, i, o, u）+y 結尾的，直接加s; 例如：boy-boysday-days key-keysd. 以f或fe結尾的，變f或fe為v加es; 例如：knife-knives life-lives wife-wives half-halves但roof, scarf 后直

6、接加se.以o結尾的，有生命的(或以輔音字母加o 結尾的)加es, 沒生命的（或以元音字母加o結尾的）加s; 例如：radio-radios Negro-Negroes tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes zoo-zoos piano-pianos photo- photos 但hippo后直接加s以下名詞特別容易出錯，請注意：stomach胃stomachs, roof屋頂roofs, reef暗礁reefs, belief信仰beliefs，handkerchief手帕handkerchiefs/handkerchievesMan-men, woman-wome

7、n, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, goose-geese, child-children, fish-fish/fishes, sheep-sheep, ox-oxen（公牛）, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, mouse-mice policeman-policemen等注：German(德國人)Germans只能用來修飾可數名詞的表示數量的一些詞或短語：few很少的（表示否定），a few一些（表示肯定），many（許多），how many（多少），a number of(許多的), several幾個課堂練

8、習：一、寫出下列名詞的復數形式：1. egg _ 2. watch _ 3. story _ 4. knife _ 5. radio _ 6. tomato _ 7. desk _ 8. glass _ 9. child _ 10. sheep _ 11. Chinese _ 12.pencil-box _ 13. wife _ 14. family_ 15. city_ 16. dress _ 17.Englishman _18. match _ 19. exam_ 20. German _21. potato_22. .juice_ 23.water_ 24.holiday_ 25.pap

9、er_ 26.factory_ 27. thief_ 28.bus_ 29.class_ 30.glass_ 31.wife 32. baby 33. policeman 34.brush二、單項選擇1. Please pass me _. A. two glass of water B. two glasses of waters C. two glasses of water D. two glass water 2. They got much _ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C.information D. stories3. He

10、 had something to write down and asked me for _.A.a paper B.some papers C.some pieces of papers D.a piece of paper4. Some _ are flying kites near the river.A.child B.boy C.boys D.childs5. Id like some water, but he wants _.A. two bottle orange B. two bottles of orange C. two bottles of oranges D. tw

11、o bottles of oranges6. Look at the _. You can see_ _ and _.A. photos; potatoes, tomatoes, radioes B. photoes; potatoes, tomatoes, radiosC. photos; potatoes, tomatoes, radios D. photos; potatos, tomatos, radioes 7. Cut the apple into _. A. halfs B.halves C. half8. Mr. Lin often gives us _ by e-mail.A

12、. some good information B. some good informations C. good informations D. a good information9. There are _ in the fields. Theyre eating grass.A. a horse B. much horses C. many horse D. many horses10. I am thirsty. Would you bring me _, please?A.some bread B.some water C.some cakes D.some eggs11. -Ho

13、w great Dalian Radio and TV center looks!-Yes. Thats one of the greatest _ in Dalian.A. building B. build C. buildings D. builds12. How many _ has the old farmer got?A. field B. sheep C. mutton D. cow13. The guide has some new _. She can show them to us.A.rice B.food C.jacket D.pictures 14. -What wo

14、uld you like to drink, girls? -_, please.A.Two cup of coffee B.Two cups of coffeesC.Two cups of coffee D.Two cup of coffees15. The _ are going to fly to Beijing.A.Germen B.Germany C.Germanys D.Germans16. The _ has two _.A.boys, watches B.boy, watch C.boy, watches D.boys,watch17. The boy always stays

15、 there for _.A.one and half hour B.one and a half hour C.one and half hours D.one and a half hours18. -They are thirsty. Will you please give them _? -Certainly.A.some bottles of waters B.some bottles of water C.some bottle of water D.some bottle of waters19. Dont you think Dalian is one of the most

16、 beautiful _ in China?A.cities B.city C.place D.towns up 20. -What can I do for you? -Im looking for _.A.a pair of shoes B.a pair of T-shirt C.two pairs of hat D.two pair of trousers21. Twelve _ were hurt, but no _ were lost in that accident.A.person; life B.people; lives C.peoples; lives D.persons;

17、 life22. There are _ on the table.A.a glass of water B.a glass of milk C.two glasses of water D.a glass of orange23. There are few _ in the fridge. Lets go and buy some peas, carrots and cabbages. A.vegetables B.fruit C.meat D.eggs24. Mr. Smith always has _ to tell us.A.some good pieces of news B.so

18、me pieces of good news C.some good piece of news D.some piece of good news25. There is a lot of _ in the box.A.cake B.bags of cakes C.milk D.bags of milk 課后作業(yè)：一、英漢互譯1.一片面包 2. 一瓶牛奶3.一箱蘋果 4. 一碗湯5.一條消息 6. 四杯桔子汁7.五包糖果 8. 兩公斤牛肉9.十一名美國人 10. 六名女學生二、用所給名詞的正確形式填空。1. I have two(knife).2. There are many(box) h

19、ere.3. I got a lot of Christmas(card).4. There is a pair of (glass) on the table.5. There are a few(people) in the playground.6. How many(ship) can you see in the picture?7. Mike has seven(friend).8. A few(boy) are drawing on the wall.9. He has some interesting(book).10. The(child) are playing footb

20、all now.三、單項選擇1. He is hungry. Give him _ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads 2. I would like to have_. A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk C. two glasses of milks D. two glass of milks 3. Can you give me _? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C

21、. a cup tea D . a cup of tea 4. Please give me _ paper.A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of 5. John bought_for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes6. Children should make_ for old people in a bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. the room7

22、. There are sixty-seven_ in our school. A. womens teacher B. women teachers C. woman teachers D. women teacher8.Weneedsomemore_.Canyougoandgetsome,please?A.potato B.potatos C.potatoes D.Potatos9.A group of _ are talking with two _ over there.A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; Germen C. German; Fren

23、chmen D. Germans; Frenchmans11.Lucy and I go to school _ every day.A. on feet B. on foot C. by foots D. by buses12. Are those _? -No, they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep; cows B. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows13.She is the tallest ofin the family.A. any sister B. all the sisters C. all her sist

24、ers D. any other sisters14. They dont have to dotoday.A. much homework B. many homeworks C. many homework D.much homeworks15. The Chinese people enjoy happynow.A. life B. lifes C. a life D. lives名詞（二）重點：名詞所有格在英語中，有些名詞的詞尾可以加上s, 用來表示所屬關系，這種結構稱為名詞的所有格。1. 單數名詞變所有格，只需在詞尾加s.Eg. the boys schoolbag the work

25、ers shoes2. 復數名詞的詞尾已有s, 只需加即可。Eg. the teachers office the studentspens3. 若復數名詞詞尾無s, 則應加s.Eg. Womens Day the Peoples Park4. 無生命的詞的所有格一般可用of 加名詞這一結構來表示。Eg. the name of the museum the center of the city5. 表示幾個人共有一樣東西，只需在最后一個人的名詞前加s，若表示各自所有， 則每個名詞后都要加s.Eg. Jim and Toms bedroom (吉姆和湯姆的臥室)（兩人共有） Jims and

26、Toms bedrooms (吉姆和湯姆的臥室) （兩人各自所有）課堂練習：一、 用s 或of 填空。1. my motherbag 2. Tomfriend3. the doorour room 4. postmenbags5. the teachers desk 6. a bookmy fathers二、漢譯英1. 露西的書 2. 學生們的鞋子3. 李明的貓 4. 母親的裙子5. 這個公園的花 6. 我們教室的墻三、 用所給名詞的正確形式填空。1. This is(May) book.2. My(brothers) toy cars are very beautiful.3. He is

27、a friend of my(mother).4. Thats(Ken and Bill) new bedroom.5. -Whose are these lunchbox? -They are(Ben).6. (Pat) bag is very pretty. （Bob）is very pretty, too.7. These books are my(friend).8. Tomorrow is June 1st. Its(children) Day.四、單項選擇1. This is not your radio, but. A. yours brother B. your brother

28、s C. you brothers D. yours brothers2. September 10th isDay. A. Teacher B. Teachers C. Teachers D. Teacherss3. Jane issister. A. Mary and Jack B. Marys and Jacks C. Marys and Jack D. Mary and Jacks4. I will give youto finish it. A. two weeks time B. two week time C. two weeks time D. two weeks time5.

29、 Miss Smith is a friend of. A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mary mothers D. mothers of Mary6. March 8th isDay.A. Woman B. Women C. Womens D. Womans 7. Mary went tolast night. A. the house of her father B. hers fathers house C. the houses her father D. her fathers house8. There aresheep in this place. A. a lot B. lot C. much D. many9. Its aboutwalk from this shop to the nearest bus stop. A. three minutes B. three minute C. three minutes D. three minutess10. The doctor was very happy. He mademistakes in the exam. A. a little B. little C. few D. a few課后練習：一、用s 或of 填空。1. the desksour c