書面表達：應用文和讀后續寫常用句型匯總句型1：

Doing...,主+謂...

或者主+謂..,doing...(①表主動；②表進行)句型2:

Done...,

主+謂.../

主+謂...,done...(①表被動；②表完成)句型3:動作鏈：主+謂1...，謂2...，and

謂3...句型4：強調句型①

itis/was+被強調部分

+that+其他

強調句型②

Itis/wasnotuntil+

被強調部分+that+

其它部分句型5：with的復合結構：with+

賓語

+

賓補(adj/adv/介詞短語/v-ing/v-ed/todo/n)句型6：獨立主格結構：主1+謂語動詞,主2+todo/v-ing/v-ed/n/adj/adv/介短句型7:

形容詞/形容詞短語作狀語

句型8：方式副詞(ly)，主＋謂...句型9：無靈主語

句型10：倒裝句

句型1：Doing...,主+謂...或者主+謂..,doing...1.Herdadwasstillconscious,yelling(yell),“Onemoretry!”2."It'sOK,"Mamasaid,comforting(comfort)mewithahug.3.JanehuggedTomtightly,promisingshewouldneverquarrelwithhimanylonger.4.Whenwe’reknockeddownandcan'tmove,welookupandseeJenny,strugglingacrosstothefield,draggingherbucketsandcarryingherpillow.5.Shestoodbesideastand,watchingamiddle-agedmanbusydoinghisbusiness.6.Myfatherpattedmeontheshoulder,______________________(鼓勵我永遠不要放棄夢想).7.Westoodtherehopelessly,______________________________________(思考下一步做什么).8.__________________________________________(按照所給的建議),theysetouttocarryouttheproject.9.Afterthat,shebegantopersuadethemanager,_________________(祈求著并承諾著).10.Janewavedheryellowblousehard,________________________(希望被直升機看到).句型2:Done...,主+謂.../主+謂...,done...1.Seated(seat)comfortablyinthesofa,hecouldn'thelpfallingasleep.2.Situated(situate)atthefootofthemountain,thisvillageenjoysabeautifulenvironment.3.Seen(see)fromthetopofthehill,thetownlooksmorebeautiful.4.Inspired(inspire)byhisworks,Ihadsomenewideasaboutmydesign.5.Frightened(frighten)bytheterriblenoiseinthenight,thelittlegirldidn’tdaretosleepherownroom.(表示原因)6.Asked(ask)whyshedidit,themonitorsaiditwasherduty.(表示時間)7._____________________________(澆更多的水),theseflowerscouldhavegrownbetter.(表示條件)8._________________(對我所做的事情很滿意),myteacherpraisedmeinclass.9.________________________(長在肥沃的土壤里),theseseedscangrowfast.10._________________________________(陷入沉思中),hedidn'thearthebell.11._____________________________(對他的毅力印象深刻),thecoachfinallygaveinwiththewarning,"IfyoumissONEgame,you'reout!"句型3:動作鏈：主+謂1...，謂2...，and謂3...1.Helookedupatthecar,steppedintotheroad,andheldupahandtostopme.2.Shedashedforward,kneltdownandgatheredhersonintoherarms.3.Thesingerglancedattheaudience,tookadeepbreathandbegantosing.4.Thechildrenrushedexcitedlytothelake,tookofftheirclothesandjumpedintothewater.5.Mymomopenedthepurse,tookoutfivedollarsandhandedittothepoorman.6.Immediately,she________________(立刻行動),_____(報名參加)thepostontheadvertisementand______________(耐心地等待).7.Shehelpedbandageknees,massagedbacksandgavethemtalks.8.She_____________(轉過身)and___________thegun_________(把...指向)himand_________(開槍).9.Wantingtoappearfriendly,I_______________(彎下腰),___________(撿起)10.theballand____________(把它扔回去)ashardasIcould.11.He_________________(站起來),________(走向)thewindowand___________(苦思冥想).句型4：強調句型①itis/was+被強調部分+that+其他強調句型1).Heknewwhathadhappenedthen.Itwasthenthatheknewwhathadhappened.2).Anexcellentideaoccurredtomymindatthecrucialmoment.Itwasatthecrucialmomentthatanexcellentideaoccurredtome.3).MrSmith’skindnesshelpedmyfamilygetoverthedifficulties.(對劃線部分進行強調)4).Hisattitudetowardslifemadeapositivedifferencetothecommunity.(對劃線部分進行強調)5).Wecreatedaharmoniousatmospherewithsincerityandfaithfulness.(對劃線部分進行強調)6).Whattheseindividualscontributetotheirplacesofworkmakesyourealizehowimportanttheyare.(對劃線部分進行強調)②Itis/wasnotuntil+被強調部分+that+其它部分1.Hedidn’tknowwhathadhappeneduntilhegothome.→Itwasnotuntilhegothomethatheknewwhathadhappened.2.Theideaofaninternationaltreatywasnotproposeduntilthe1950s.→Itwasnotuntilthe1950sthattheideaofaninternationaltreaty(條約)wasproposed.3.Youwon’tsucceeduntilyoutrythreetimes.→Itisnotuntilyoutrythreetimesthatyouwillsucceed.4.Shewasn’tintroducedtoPierreCurieuntilthespringofthatyear.→ItwasnotuntilthespringofthatyearthatshewasintroducedtoPierreCurie.5.Shedidn'trememberherappointmentwiththedoctoruntilyesterday.→Itwasnotuntilyesterdaythatsherememberedherappointmentwiththedoctor.6.Ididn'trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntil/tillshetookoffherdarkglasses.→_______________________________________________________________7.Thestudentsdidn’tstoptalkinguntiltheteachercamein.→________________________________________________________________8.Ididn’treceivethemanager’sreplyuntilnearlyamonthlater.→_________________________________________________________________9.Ididn’tfindwehadalotincommonuntilwehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks.→________________________________________________________________10.Ididn’tfinditreallyworthyofthereputationuntilIvisitedtheplace.→_____________________________________________直到我到桂林一看,果然名不虛傳.11.Hedidn’tshowhimselfinhistruecolorsuntilhegainedpower.→_________________________________________________________________句型5：with的復合結構：with+賓語+賓補(adj/adv/介詞短語/v-ing/v-ed/todo)一、with+賓語＋賓補(現在分詞)1.Withpricesgoingupsofast,wecan'taffordluxuries.2.Withthecrowdscheering,theydrovetothepalace.3.Withexamsapproaching,it'sagoodideatoreviewyourclassnotes.4.Withtheexamscomingnextweek,Ihavenotimeforasociallife.5.Icycledoffdowntheroad_____________________________________(狗跟在后面).6.Hefellasleep_____________________________________(燈一直亮著).7.____________________________________________,wefoundthevillageeasily.(導游領著路)8.Thedaywasbright,_____________________________________.(吹著一股清風)二、with+賓語＋賓補(過去分詞)1.Isatinmyroomforafewminuteswithmyeyesfixedontheceiling.2.Hesatinthechairwithhislegscrossed.3.Hesatthere__________________________________(眼睛閉著).4.Thekidswerecryingwiththeglassesbroken.5.___________________________(所有的工作完成后),theyhurriedbackhomeforlunch.6.Allafternoonheworked_____________________________(鎖著門).7.1978endedwithnothingsettled.三、with+賓語+賓補(不定式todo)1.Withnoonetotalkto,Johnfeltmiserable.2.___________________________________(有很多工作要做),hewasn't3.allowedtogoout.4.Hewasahigh-earningbroker(高收入的經紀人)withmoneytoburn.5.Withalltheworktodo,Iwon'thavetinetogoout.6._______________________________________________(還有100米要跑),JonesandSavilleareneckandneck.7.Withsomanynewanimalstocarefor,largerfundswereneeded.四、with+賓語＋賓補(形容詞)1.Iliketosleepwiththewindowsopen.2.______________________________(天氣悶熱),tentooneit’llrainpresently.3.Shewascyclingalongwithherbicyclebasketfullofshopping.4.Themeetingendedonasournotewithneithersideabletoreachagreement.5.Don’tspeak_______________________________(嘴巴滿滿的).五、with+賓語+賓補(副詞)1.Hefellasleepwiththelighton.燈還亮著.2.Theboystoodtherewithhisheaddown.這個男孩低頭站在那兒.3.Standwithyourlegsapartandyourweightevenlydistributed.雙腿分開站立4.WithHabibaway,Hassan’sattitudeseemedtohavechanged.Habid不在5.IwasrushingalongwithmyheaddownwhenIcannonedintoanoldladywalkingtheotherway.低著頭六、with+賓語+賓補(介詞短語)1.Withthechildrenatschool,wecan’ttakeourvacationwhenwewantto.2.Thesoldierhadhimstandwithhisbacktohisfather.3.Thefrontdoorclosedwithacrashbehindhim.4.Thegirlappearedagain,nowwithalittlebabyonherback.6.Withsomanystrangefacesaroundher,thebabystartedtocry.句型6：獨立主格結構主1+謂語動詞,主2+todo/v-ing/v-ed/n/adj/adv/介短

獨立主格：填上單詞的正確形式：1).邏輯主語+不定式Noonetowake(wake)meup,Imightmissthetrain.Animportantlecturetobegiven(give)tomorrow,theprofessorhastostayuplateintothenight.2).邏輯主語+現在分詞Theguideleading(lead)theway,wehadnotroublegettingoutoftheforest.Weatherpermitting(permit),theywillgoonanoutingtothebeachtomorrow.3).邏輯主語+過去分詞Thetaskcompleted(complete),wehadaglobaltravelling.Whenintrouble,Lucywouldsitalone,headbent(bend).4).邏輯主語+名詞Ireceivedmanygifts,manyofthembooks.Manystudentsjoinedinthemathscompetition,mostofthemchildrenofnomorethanten.5).邏輯主語+形容詞TheTrojansasleep(睡著的),theGreeksoldierscreptoutofthehollowwoodenbooks.Thissectionofroadslippery(滑的),everydrivercanneverbetoocareful.6).邏輯主語+副詞Musicover(結束),alltheaudiencestoodupwithfitsofapplause.Wefellasleep,allthelightson(開著).7).邏輯主語+介詞短語Theteachercamein,abagunderhisarm(胳膊下面).Theboywentoff,apinwheelinhishand(在他手里).第二組：把下列句子改為獨立主格結構：1).Asthegirlstaredathim,hedidn'tknowwhattosay.__________________________________________,hedidn'tknowwhattosay.2).Iftimepermits,wewillgoforanoutingtomorrow._______________________________,wewillgoforanoutingtomorrow.3).Astheproblemsweresolved,thequalityhasbeenimproved.___________________________________,thequalityhasbeenimproved.4).Becauseherglasseswerebroken,shecouldn'tseethewordsontheblackboard.______________________________,shecouldn'tseethewordsontheblackboard.5).Whenthetestwasfinished,webeganourholiday.__________________________________,webeganourholiday.6).Afterthepresidentwasassassinated(刺殺),thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.__________________________________,thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.句型7:形容詞/形容詞短語作狀語(表感情類的)形容詞/形容詞短語，

主

+

謂主

+

謂，(表感情類的)形容詞/形容詞短語第一組：形容詞/形容詞短語作狀語1).Eagerandexcited,shewavedherhands,tryingtoattractothers'attention.2).ToAnnie’sdelight,surroundedbyhisclassmates,Markseemedlikearockstar,cheerfulandproud.3).Exhaustedandscared,Janelaydownnearastone,missingherfamily.4).Andthentheyjumped,laughedandscreamed,totallyunawareofthepeoplepassingby.5).Desperateandhopeless,Janekneltdown,tearsstreamingdownherface.6).Shegotdisappointedandreturnedhome,continuouslyangryatherself.7).Istoodinthelivingroomdoorway,absolutelyshocked.8).Andthenheranofftoplay,unawareoftheimpacthe'dhadonme.第二組：形容詞/形容詞短語作狀語1.Theoldwomansatinthechair,__________________(一動不動，一言不發).2._______________________________(又累又餓),hedraggedhisheavyfeethomeatmidnight.3.After10hoursofdriving,hegothome,_____________________(安然無恙的).4.Thecrimehidhimselfinthecorner,afraidofbeingcaught(害怕被抓住).5._________________________(害怕困難),hepreferredtotaketheeasiertask.6.Oldandyoung(年輕的年老的),everyonelikesmusic.7.________________(欣喜若狂),herushedtothestagereceivingtheawardthathewon.8.____________(成熟了的),theseapplesareliterallysweet.9.___________(無助且絕望),wewatchedthehousebeingdestroyedbeforeoureyes.10.Hefailedtogetpromoted,______________________(非常沮喪).11.Theystrolledinthethickforest,___________(完全沒有意識到前面的危險).句型8：方式副詞(ly)，主＋謂...1)_____________(gentle),shepickedupthefirstbaby,ranbackoutsideandlaiditonthesidewalk.2)Quickly(quick),shefollowedthesoundtoastream.3)_________________(curious),Iaskedwhyshehelpedme.4)_________________(patient),fatherinstructedustoputupthetent.5)__________________(attentive),welistenedtotheteacherinclass.6)________________(amazing),theboysrecoveredsoon.7)Fortunately(fortunate),thecatwasstillalive,thoughbadlyinjured.8)___________________(incredible),histwofriendsdidn’tcameacrossthewolf.9)Immediately(immediate),anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest.10)____________(polite)and____________(excited),heaskedMrsMeredithtoteachhimhowtomakepopcorn.11)Slowlyandpainfully,Jackpacedupanddownintheroom,lostinthought.12)Silently,theylistened,unawareofwhathadmadeherannoyed.句型9：無靈主語1.身心和情感狀態的名詞aburst/wave/surge/rush/ripple/trace/sense/feelingof+n+

有靈動詞

+sb常見的有靈動詞有：抓住/攫住:seize/takeholdof/getthebetterof...襲來:sweep/flood/rushover慢慢產生:creepon/upon影響:comeover擊垮:defeat掠過:run/passthrough吞噬；淹沒:swallow/overwhelm/engulfExamples:①一陣憤怒控制住了他。②一種恐懼感慢慢地向她襲來。③一股喜悅與興奮交織在一起的漣漪涌上我的心頭。④一種寒冷的感覺掠過他的心頭，使他打了個寒戰。⑤然后一陣憤怒控制住了他。2.主語：表示身體部位/音容笑的名詞+有靈動詞①Jack’sface/eyeslit/brightenedup(亮起來了).②Myfingers

trembledwithfury(氣得發抖),sothatIcouldnotgoonsweating.③Iwasrelievedwhenabright,sweetvoice

interruptedSlowlya

smile

spreadacross

her

face.④Tearsofregret

welledupinme.⑤Tearswerebeginningto

gatherinhereyes.⑥Afrown

stoodonhisfaceandhisface

cloudedover(愁容).3.消極情緒的表達：有靈動詞:defeat;

opieces;AgavewaytoB;

sthdeserted/escaped/visitedsb等等;①Sufferinganddespairdefeatedme,andIfellsobbingonthedoorstep.②Greatdespairtoremeintopieces.③Uponhearingwhattheteachersaid,myfrustrationgavewaytoatraceofdelight.④Itwasatthatmomentthatmyconfidenceandencouragementdesertedme.⑤Hisnameescapedmeatthatmoment.⑥Alotoftroublevisitedthepoorfamily.⑦Thesightofthemessyblendertwistedmymom'sfacewithrage.⑧Thedoorrefusedtoclose.⑨Hisfriend’sdelightedlookfadedaway.10.Guilt/Shame/Regretmounted/multiplied/piledup.4.具體名詞/抽象性名詞+得失型動詞n.+

得失型動詞(gain/get/save/fail/slip/elude/escape)

+sb/sth①我非常感謝大家對武漢的付出。(words做主語)WordsfailedtoexpressmygratitudetoeveryonehelpingWuhan.②這個地方因這處美景出名。(thebeautifulscenery做主語)Thebeautifulscenerygainedtheplacequiteareputation.5.表時間和地點的名詞+有靈動詞名詞：地點名詞thetown/theplace/thecity時間名詞thefollowingyear...有靈動詞：see/witness/find/tell+sthExamples:①Thefollowingdayswitnessedhistirelesseffortstothesickchildren.②Thepastsixteenyearshaswitnessedthefastdevelopmentofthisschool.③Theduskfoundaboywanderingalongthebank.④Lastweeksawthelaunchoftug-of-warcompetitionamongallclasses.⑤Yearsofbeingmonitorwitnessedmeabrilliantorganizer.⑥Thesummerholidaywitnessedthe“MeettheChineseOpera”exhibitioninthecitymuseum,engaginginterestofnumerousvisitors.6.表自然現象等的名詞+有靈動詞名詞：fog;snow;night;earthquake;

有靈動詞:fall;blanket(覆蓋);envelope(籠罩);strike;hit;threaten;crash等①暴風雨即將來臨，但我們一直待在那里，直到雷電交加。Astormwasgathering,butwestayedthereuntilthunderandlightningcrashed.②夜幕降臨，風刮得更大了，由于天氣寒冷，大家都躲進了室內。Nightfell,thewindgrewstronger,andthefreezingweatherdroveeveryoneinside.③濃霧籠罩著整個大地。Heavyfogblanketedthewholeworld.句型10：倒裝句應用文和讀后續寫重要句型：倒裝句一、分類：完全倒裝、部分倒裝、特殊倒裝二、定義：l完全倒裝：將句子中的謂語動詞置于主語之前。l部分倒裝：將謂語的一部分如助動詞、情態動詞或者be動詞提至主語之前。l特殊倒裝：as/though引導的讓步狀語從句注意：助動詞（do,does或did，have/has/had等）、情態動詞（should/must/need等）、be動詞(am,is,are,was,were)三、完全倒裝1.為強調表語，在主系表結構中，表語前置，句子完全倒裝“表語＋系動詞＋主語”1.Mr.Greenandotherguestswerepresentattheparty.2.PresentatthepartywereMr.Greenandotherguests.3.Thedayswhenweplayedgamestogetherwithourpartnersaregone.4.____________________________________________(換成倒裝句)5.Goodstudyhabits,usefulskillsandapositiveattitudeareofequalimportance.6._________________________________________(換成倒裝句)2.地點副詞here,there,時間副詞(now,then)方位副詞out,in,up,down,away,off等置于句首時且主語是名詞，句子完全倒裝。1.Theregoesthebell.(完全倒裝)2.Hereisyourletter.(完全倒裝)3.Thencameanewdifficulty.(完全倒裝)4.AwaywentTom.(完全倒裝)5.Outrushedaboyfromtheclassroom.(完全倒裝)注意：therebe句型完全倒裝，但結構中的be可用lie,exist,stand,live,seem等動詞代替，如：Therestandsanancienttoweratthetopofmountain.4.地點狀語置句首，為避免頭重腳輕，句子全部倒裝。把下面句子換為倒裝句：Anoldmanstandsunderthetree.Underthetreestandsanoldman.Abeautifultemplestandsontopofthemountain.Ontopofthemountainstandsabeautifultemple.Alarge,blackchairsatinthecorneroftheroom.________________________________________(換為倒裝句).Awhitecatsleepsunderthetable.________________________(換為倒裝句).四、部分倒裝1.

Only+狀語(一般是介詞短語或狀語從句等)，且置于句首，后面部分語序要部分倒裝。①Iknowthetruththen.OnlythendidIknowthetruth.②YoucanlearnEnglishwellinthisway.OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.③Hewillalwaysstayinbedwhenheisseriouslyill.Onlywhenheisseriouslyillwillhestayinbed.練習：把下面的句子轉換成倒裝句①

HerealizedtheimportanceofEnglishonlythen.

②

PowerDatawillholditsadvantageoverothercompaniesonlybykeepingdowncosts.

③

IrealizedhowmuchIlovedthemonlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly.

2.

否定意義的詞/短語/從句置于句首，句子部分倒裝口訣：不三不四（NO+3個詞；4個句型）l否定詞：never,seldom,little,few,not,nowhere,rarely l否定短語：bynomeans,atnotime,innoway,innosense,innocase,onnoaccount,undernocircumstances(絕不，決不)1.Sheseldomhastimetolistentomusic.Seldomdoesshehavetimetolistentomusic.2.Iwilllendmoneytohimundernocircumstance.UndernocircumstanceswillIlendmoneytohim.3.Ihaveneverseensuchamovingfilmbefore.__________________________________________(倒裝句)4.Ihardlythinkitpossibletofinishtheworkbeforedark._________________________________________(倒裝句)l否定句型：notonly..butalso,nosooner...than(剛...就),hardly/scarcely/barely...when(剛...就)?

句型1：Notonly…butalso置于句首且連接兩個并列的分句，第一個句子部分倒裝，第二個句子正常語序but和also可以分開，also也可以省略。，遵循“前倒后不倒”的原則l

Sheisnotonlyateacher,butalsosheisasinger.

l

Notonlyissheateacher,butalsosheisasinger.l

Henotonlyrefusedthegift,butalsohegotveryannoyed.____________________________________________________________________注意：如果置于句首的notonly…butalso連接的是兩個并列主語，不用倒裝結構。例如：l

NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.?

句型3：hardly

/scarcely/barely....when...;nosooner…than...“剛...就/幾乎未來得及做就...”中，hardly/scarcely/nosooner置于句首，所在分句部分倒裝句。l

Shehadhardlygoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.l

Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.

l

Shehadnosoonergoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.l

Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.注意：前半句（主句）用過去完成時，后半句（從句）用一般過去時。轉換倒裝句的步驟！第一步：否定詞/否定短語/否定句型放句首第二步：抽出”“助BE情”第三步：其余照抄練習：把下面的句子轉換成倒裝句1.

IknewlittlethatyouwereRomeo.____________________________________________________

2.

Iwillnevergiveup._________________________________________________3.

HenotonlyknowsFrench,butalsoheisexpertatit.___________________________________________________4.

Hehadhardlybeguntospeakwhenpeopleburstintolaughter.5.

Hehadnosoonerarrivedhomethanthedinnerwasover._________________________________________________6.

Thegamehadscarcelystartedwhenitbegantorain._________________

【課后練習】把下列句子換為倒裝句1.Ihaveneverseenabeautifulsunriseinmylife.2.Sheisnotonlyateacher,butalsosheiswriter.3.Thenursesnotonlywantapayincrease,butalsotheywanttoreduceoursaswell.4.Heisabletoachievesuccessonlybyworkinghard.5.Idiscoveredthathavingstrongconfidenceisoneofthebiggestfactoronlyaftertalkingtomyteacher.6.Shemanagedtoescapefromtherisingfloodwatersonlywiththegreatestofluck.3.

在so…that和such...that的結構中，將so+adj/adv、such+名詞短語置于句首時，遵循“前倒后不倒”lIwassoaddictedtolearningthatIoftenforgetmydinners.→SoaddictedwasltolearningthatIoftenforgetmydinners.lLearningissuchanaddictivegamethatIoftenforgetmydinners.→Suchanaddictivegameislearningthatloftenforgetmydinners.練習：把下面的句子轉換成倒裝句1.Hestudiedsohardthathegothighmarksinthetest.→___________________________