專題12閱讀理解之綜合拓展

Part1考情分析

中考英語“閱讀理解”題主要是考查考生綜合運用所學語言學問的實力。很多同學在做題時常常有一

種“讀得懂做不對”的感覺。那么有必要對閱讀理解這種題型及其解題技巧作一些簡要的分析。

首先，中考試題中的閱讀文章題材多樣（涉及政治經(jīng)濟、社會文化、風俗習慣、歷史、地理、科學技術

等各個方面），體裁形式豐富（包括記敘文、說明文、爭論文、應用文以及新聞報道、廣告、通知、操作說

明、表格等），這就須要考生在平常對各方面的文章都有所訓練，迎合中考命題趨勢。

其次，閱讀理解主要是考查考生綜合運用所學語言學問的實力，對書面語言的理解實力，尤其是獲得

信息的實力。在閱讀技巧上，考生要了解文章的個別詞或句子、文章的某細微環(huán)節(jié)或情節(jié)、文章的主題、

文章的背景學問、文章的結論或結局、文章內涵的寓意等。

Part2解題思路1.先讀問題，弄清考查要點，以便能帶著問題看文章，這樣會心中有數(shù)，有的放矢。

2.快速閱讀全文，駕馭全貌，留意發(fā)覺與問題有關的信息，假如時間緊，至少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。

再把標題和文章內容結合起來想一想，這樣全文大意便清晰了。此時，不要忙于答題。

3.細讀原文，捕獲相關信息詞，駕馭短文細微環(huán)節(jié)內容。這是解題的關鍵，應特殊留意以下幾點：

1）抓住四個"W"和一個"H”,就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標記，把What（事務），When（時間），Where（地點），

Why（緣由），How（經(jīng)過）劃出來。抓住了四個“W”和一個“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些干脆性的問

題便可解決。

2）抓住連接詞及起關鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語等。因為這些詞具有因果，讓步，遞進，轉折，

指代，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。這對考生分清文章層次，辨明各種關系，了解人物

心理，推斷作者意圖，進行邏輯推理等手段來分析難點，都具有舉足輕重的作用。

3）留意領悟文章的寓意。

4）依據(jù)題意，初選答案。這一步須細致審題，領悟測試要求，確定解題方法。對那些明顯的，有把握的題

可以斷然確定，不必把其余三個答案再作推敲而奢侈時間：有些略難的題，應再查閱短文（不是重讀一遍），

快速找出依據(jù)，予以解除。

3）重讀原文，細致斟酌核對答案。在解完最終一道題后，假如時間允許，再將原文讀一遍；用全文的主題

思想統(tǒng)率各思索題，探討其內在聯(lián)系和邏輯關系，目的在于對所做答案進一步審查，推出未解答的題，以

便削減失誤。

Part2常見題型

1.主旨大意題

閱讀理解是對整個文章的目的、意圖、觀點、立場、看法以及內在的邏輯關系的理解，而不是斷章取

義的一孔之見，所以統(tǒng)覽全篇和問題是很有必要的，這些問題會給你供應信息或示意文章中的一些重要細

微環(huán)節(jié)。在統(tǒng)覽全篇的同時要留意抓住文章的中心大意，捕獲主題句，因為一些顯性的答案是可以從主題

句中干脆回答，而隱性的答案則是要通過對全篇的理解才能得出。

主題句一般具有以下特征：

①概括全段思想。

②一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中，它通常是用單詞、短語表達的。

③解這種題目時，不能只憑文中的只言片語而斷章取義，須要在細讀全文的基礎上，結合所學語言學問、

背景學問、生活常識等推理、推斷，從而獲得文章中內隱的信息。

主旨題常見的命題形式：

①Themainideaofthistextmaybe....

②Thispassageismainlyabout....

③Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext....

?Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

⑤What'sthetopicofthetext?

@Thepassagegivesusis……

2.推斷題

這種題目有肯定難度，往往不能干脆從文中找到答案，而必需依據(jù)上下文及其相互間的關系或對整篇

文章進行深層理解后，才能找到答案。有時甚至還得聯(lián)系作者的看法、觀點、意圖、語氣等言外之意、文

外之意加以推理，這些題目一般都是深層意義的題目，他們沒有明示，大多數(shù)屬于模糊性的，甚至是模棱

兩可。解答這類題時，要求同學予以高度重視留意從話題動身，充分運用自己的邏輯思維實力，從文章的

內在含義和字里行間中，從作者的看法和取向中獲得信息，做出正確的推斷。

應特殊留意以下特征：

①吃透文章的表層意思，是推理的前提和基礎；

②推理的依據(jù)來自于上下文；

③不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點；

④在提問中常用的詞有suggest,mean,infer（推斷）,fromthefact,indicate（示意）conclusion,probably,

likely,reason,because,accordingto”等。

推斷題常有的命題形式：

①Itcanbeknownfromthetextthat

②Fromthetextweknowthat….

③Thestoryimpliesthat….

④Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe….

⑤Thewritersuggeststhat….

3.事實細微環(huán)節(jié)題

在閱讀理解題中，又有相當一部分屬于事實或細微環(huán)節(jié)題，下面僅就這類題的正確解法作簡要說明。

首先是干脆理解性題目，這種題目比較簡潔，只要通讀全文，了解文中所敘述的重要事實或細微環(huán)節(jié)，就

可以解答出來，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中干脆找到答案;另外還有一些題目要求對文中個別難詞、關鍵

詞、詞組或句子作出說明或須要對有關的上下文供應的語境和信息、甚至對整篇文章的內容建立精確、立

體的理解和推斷。

4.揣測詞義題

這類問題主要考察學生兩方面實力。依據(jù)上下文推想和推斷生詞、短語或句子在閱讀材料中的含義，

即利用我們所熟識的詞或短語和上下文中的已知部分進行邏輯上的推理，有時還需依靠常識和閱歷。

猜詞的活動是閱讀中常常遇到的，閱讀理解題目中的作為干擾項出現(xiàn)的錯誤選項，一般多是學生比較

熟識、想當然的詞典意義，或者適應學生習慣的漢語思維方式;而正確的含義往往不只是詞典上的，而是要

通過上下文內容的提示才能確定的。

解這類題時應留意以下特點：

①留意一些過渡詞語，如thatis,thisis,inotherwords等，它們干脆引出了同義說明；

②留意連接詞及被揣測的詞前后的因果，讓步，遞進，轉折，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功

能。

③留意同義詞、近義詞、反義詞、同位語、定語從句，相像或相反的結構等。

④對于句中首字母或全部是大寫的單詞，應當猜出可能是專出名詞（人名、地名、組織等），因此拼讀有時是

最合適的方法。

【例題】

Englishhasbecomeagloballanguage.Sowhichcountry,notincludingEnglish-speakingcountries,

speaksEnglishbetter?AndwheredoesChinarank（排名）?

ASwedishlanguageeducationcompanypublishedtheirreportthismonth.TheNetherlands（荷

蘭）rankedfirst,followedbyDenmarkandSweden.ThesearebasedonEnglishlisteningandreading

testresultsof950,OOOpeoplefrom72countriesandareas.

Accordingtothereport,Chinaisranking39th.Outofthewholecountry,peopleinShanghai

arethebestEnglishspeakers.TheyspeakbetterEnglishthanItaliansandFrench.HongKongand

BeijingfollowShanghaiasChina，snextbestEnglish-speakingcities.

ShanghaiandBeijingrankhighbecausetheyareinternationalcities.However,acrossChina,

Englishabilityisdifferentfromeasttowest.

NowChinahas400millionEnglishlearners.However,theteachingofEnglishinsomeareas

isnotverygood.AccordingtoPeopleDailyOnline,therearesevenprimaryschoolsinatown

inHunanprovince,butonlyoneEnglishteacher.ManystudentsstilllearnEnglishbyrote.

SebastianMagnusson,anofficerattheSwedishEmbassy(大使館)inBeijing,gavesome

advice.SwedishpeoplespeakEnglishwellandMagnussonhimselfisalsogoodatChinese.Hesaid

TVprograms,moviesandevencomputergamescouldbelearningtools.〃Donotlimititto

textbooks.Whatmattersmostistousewhatyou'velearnt,〃Magnussonalsosaid.

(1)WhatcountryrankedfirstofEnglishabilityinthepassage?

A.Sweden.

B.Denmark.

C.TheUnitedStates

D.TheNetherlands.

(2)WhichcityhasthebestEnglishspeakersinChina?

A.Beijing.

B.Shanghai.

C.HongKong.

D.Chengdu.

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedpart〃byrote"mean?

A.死記硬背

B.融會貫穿

C.熟能生巧

D.望文生義

(4)Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingistrue?

A.ChinesepeoplehavehighlevelsofEnglish.

B.MemorizationisagoodwaytolearnEnglish.

C.SomeChineseschoolsareshortofEnglishteachers.

D.HalfoftheChinesepopulationislearningEnglishnow.

(5)WhatcanwetellfromMagnusson'swords?

A.Englishisdifficultforyoungerstudentstolearn.

B.LearningEnglishfromtextbooksisnotagoodmethod.

C.Learnersshouldputwhattheyhavelearnedtopractice.

D.Learnersshouldgethelpfromtheirteachersandparents.

【點金】文章介紹了英語在世界各地的分布，并介紹了中國各個城市學英語的狀況。

1.D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)TheNetherlands(荷蘭)rankedfirst,可知荷蘭排名第一，故選D.

2.B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)peopleinShanghaiarethebestEnglishspeakers,可知在中國，上海

人說英語最好，故選B.

3.A詞義揣測題，依據(jù)ManystudentsstilllearnEnglish…很多學生仍舊通過…來學習英語.結合

語境缺少英語老師，所以學生沒有更好的學習方法，推出劃線單詞的意思是〃死記硬背〃，故選A.

4.C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)AccordingtoPeopleDailyOnline,therearesevenprimaryschools

inatowninHunanprovince,butonlyoneEnglishteacher.人民日報網(wǎng)報道，在湖南省的一個小

鎮(zhèn)上，有7所小學，但只有一名英語老師.可知缺少英語老師，故選C.

5.C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)〃Donotlimitittotextbooks.Whatmattersmostistousewhatyouve

learnt,〃〃不要把它限制在教科書上,最重要的是運用你所學到的東西,〃，所以學習者應當把他們所學

到的學問付諸實踐，故選C.

精講精練

【例題1】

Howfunnywoulditbetoseememes（表情包）intextbooks?SomestudentsfromChengduNo.7High

Schoolhavemadeitcometrue.

Thestudents|wroteasetofcreativetextbooksthatincludesfivesubjects-Chinese,English,

maths,chemistryandphysics.TheysharetheirnotestohelpstudentsprepareforHighSchool

EntranceExamsinthisway.Funnymemescanbeseenalmosteverywhereintheirtextbooks.

Eachtextbookhasitsownstyle,too.TheEnglishtextbookintroducesfilmsandTVseries.The

chemistrytextbookhaswuxiacharacters.ThereisaboynamedShangguanHuaxueinthebook.He

meetsagirlandtheylearnchemistrytogether.Italsohaswuxia-stylenotes.

YanZuhuai,atopstudentatChengduNo.7HighSchool,isthetextbooks'editor-in-chief

（主編）.HegottheideatocreatethebooksinJune,2024.“Manystudentswantedmetoshare

mynoteswiththem.WhenIsawpeoplesharingbikes,IthoughtIcouldshareknowledge,too.〃

Yansaid.

Butafterputtingallofhisnotestogether,hefoundthemboring.Realizingthathisclassmates

enjoyedonlinenovelsandmemes,hedecidedtoaddthosethingstohisnotes.Hewroteguidelines

foreachtextbookandinvited13studentstojoinhimincreatingthem.

Thefinalversions（版本）ofthetextbookscameoutattheendofDecember.Manypublishing

houseshaveshownaninterestinthem.

(1)ThissetoftextbooksincludesthefollowingsubjectsEXCEPT

A.chemistry

B.geography

C.physics

D.maths

(2)Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthandfifthparagraphs?

A.LotsofstudentswantedYantoshareknowledgewiththem.

B.Yanisoneoftheworststudentsinhisschool.

C.Yaninvitedsomestudentstowriteguidelines.

D.Thetextbookswithonlinenovelsandmemesareveryboring.

(3)Whatdoesthispassagemainlytellus?

A.Yanandhisteamareinterestedinmemes.

B.Itisdifficultforstudentstocreatetextbooks.

C.Yan，stextbookscanhelpstudentsstudycreatively.

D.Yanisapopulareditor-in-chiefinhisschool.

【答案】BAC

【解析】

1.B.細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題.依據(jù)其次行includesfivesubjects-Chinese,English,maths,chemistry

andphysics.包括五門科目：語文、英語、數(shù)學、化學和物理.可知，沒有〃地理〃.選B.

2.A.段意揣測題.依據(jù)第四段“Manystudentswantedmetosharemynoteswiththem.WhenIsaw

peoplesharingbikes,IthoughtIcouldshareknowledge,too.〃Yansaid.很多學生希望我和

他們共享我的筆記.當我看到人們共享自行車時，我想我也可以共享學問.〃嚴說.可知，很多學生希望嚴

與他們共享學問.選A.

3.C.主旨大意題.依據(jù)其次段第一句Thestudentswroteasetofcreativetextbooks學生們寫了一

套富有創(chuàng)建性的教科書.第五段Butafterputtingallofhisnotestogether,hefoundthem

boring.Realizingthathisclassmatesenjoyedonlinenovelsandmemes,hedecidedtoaddthose

thingstohisnotes但是他把全部的筆記放在一起后，他發(fā)覺它們很無聊.意識到他的同學們喜愛在線小

說和表情包，他確定把這些東西添加到他的學習筆記中.可知，嚴的教科書可以幫助學生創(chuàng)建性地學習.選

C.

【練習11

BeijingOperaisthemostrepresentativeofallChinesetraditionaldramaticartformsand

thelargestChineseoperaform.Havingahistoryofabout200years,itisdevelopedfromabsorbing

（汲?。﹎anyotherdramaticforms,mostlyfromthelocaldrama'Huiban',whichwaspopularin

SouthChinaduringthe18thcentury.Itisascenic（戲劇的）artintegratingmusic,performance,

literature,aria,andfacepainting.

Theatricalartformsinmanyothercountriesdonotpresentsinging,dancingandspokenparts

inonesingledrama.Anoperasinger,forexample,neitherdancesnorspeaksonstage；there

arenosingingordancingpartsinamodernplay；inadancedrama,thedancerhasnospeaking

roleanddoesnotsingeither.TraditionalChinesedrama,includingBeijingOpera,isakindof

entertainmentwhichincludesspokenparts,singing,dancingandacrobatics.

InadditiontoitspresenceinChina,BeijingOperahasspreadtomanyotherplaces.MerLanfang,

oneofthemostfamousperformers（表演者）ofalltime,wasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOpera

toforeignersandmadehighlysuccessfultourstoforeigncountries.

〃Youwillbepuzzled(困惑)allthewaythroughandalittleboredfromtimetotime；but

youwillbecharmedandinterested.YouwillbestronglyattractedtoBeijingOperaevenifyou

knownothingofthedramaticbackground."ThisishowoneAmericantravellerdescribedhisfirs

experienceinwatchingBeijingOpera.

BeijingOperaisChinasnationaloperaanditisfullofChineseculturaltraditions.Welcome

toChinaandenjoyBeijingOpera!

(1)WhatmakesBeijingOperadifferentfromtheatricalartformsinmanyothercountries?

A.Ithasoneoperasingeronstage.

B.Ithasonedancerwhohasnospeakingrole.

C.Ithasalreadyspreadtomanyothercountries.

D.Itincludesspokenparts,singingdancingandacrobatics.

(2)PeoplethinkMeiLanfangplayedanimportantroleinthespreadofBeijingOperabecause

A.hemademanytoursoaforeigncountry

B.hewasafamousBeijingOperaperformer

C.hewasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOperatoforeigners

D.hemadeBeijingOperadifferentfromothertheatricalartforms.

(3)FromParagraph4weknowthattheAmericantraveler.

A.feltboredalltheway

B.thoughthighlyofBeijingOpera

C.foundBeijingOperainterestingatfirst

D.knewthebackgroundofBeijingOpera

(4)Whatdoestheunderlinedword〃it〃meaninthepassage?

A.BeijingOpera

B.Localdrama

C.Anoperasinger

D.Amodernplay

【答案】DCBA

【解析】

1.D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)文中的第2段Theatricalartformsinmanyothercountriesdonotpresent

singing,dancingandspokenpartsinonesingledrama.Anoperasinger,forexample,neitherdances

norspeaksonstage；therearenosingingordancingpartsinamodernplay；inadancedrama,

thedancerhasnospeakingroleanddoesnotsingeither.TraditionalChinesedrama,including

BeijingOpera,isakindofentertainmentwhichincludesspokenparts,singing,dancingand

acrobatics.很多國家的戲劇藝術形式在一個單一的戲劇表演，不存在歌頌、舞蹈和對話部分.例如，歌

劇演員既不在舞臺上跳舞也不說話；在現(xiàn)代戲劇中沒有唱歌或跳舞的部分；在舞劇中，舞者沒有說話的機

會.中國傳統(tǒng)戲劇，包括北京戲曲，是一種包括口語、歌頌、舞蹈和雜技的消遣.可知京劇與其它的不同

之處是有口語、歌頌、舞蹈和雜技的，故答案D.

2.C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)文中的第3段MerLanfang,oneofthemostfamousperformersofalltime,

wasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOperatoforeignersandmadehighlysuccessfultourstoforeign

countries.可知MerLanfang是北京歷史上最聞名的演員之一，也是第一位向外國人介紹中國京劇及在國

外演出特別勝利的人，故答案C.

3.B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)文中的第4段〃Youwillbepuzzledallthewaythroughandalittle

boredfromtimetotime；butyouwillbecharmedandinterested.Youwillbestronglyattracted

toBeijingOperaevenifyouknownothingofthedramaticbackground."ThisishowoneAmerican

travellerdescribedhisfirsexperienceinwatchingBeijingOpera.〃——路上你會感至U困惑，有時

會感到厭煩，但你會被吸引.即使你對戲劇背景一竅不通，你也會被京劇深深吸引.〃這是一位美國旅行者

如何描述他第一次觀看京劇的經(jīng)驗.可知賜予了京劇高度的評價，故答案B.

4.A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)文中的BeijingOperaisChinasnationaloperaanditisfullofChinese

culturaltraditions京劇是中國民族的歌劇，它充溢了中國文化傳統(tǒng)可知it指的是京劇，故答案A.

【例題2】

DearLiHua,

How，severythinggoing?Congratulationsonyourgraduationfromjuniorhighschool!

Ihopeyouhaveagreattimeduringtheholiday,butthereissomethingimportantforyou

tothinkabout-aplanforyourpersonalgrowth.Hereissomeadviceforyou.

Firstly,studyyourself.Understandwhatyoulike,whatyouvalueandwhatyouwanttobe.In

studyingyourself,youcheckyourstrengths（特長）andweaknesses.Findoutwhatyouneedto

prepareforyourdreamjob.

Secondly,writedownyourplan.Whenwriting,youcantryusingMindMaps（思維導圖）.Itis

agoodwaytohelpyoutothinkmoreclearly.Andyoumayfindaproperwaytoworkyourplan

out.

Thirdly,gooveryourplanwithyourteachers,parentsorfriends.Theymaygiveyousome

advice.Thinkcarefullyabouttheiradviceandmakesomechangestoyourplanifnecessary.And

thenyoucangoonwithit.

Finally,（4）.Forexample,ifyouwanttobeanEnglishteacherinthefuture,youshould

spendmoretimereadingEnglishbooks,learningmoreaboutEnglishcultureandpracticingyour

listeningandspeakingfromnowon.Youcanmakeyourdreamcometrueonlythroughhardwork.

Youmayfinditdifficulttomaketheplannow.Don51worry.Allyouneedisjustarough

(粗略的)one.Onceyouentertheseniorhighschool,you'11getachancetomakeitbetterwith

thehelpofyourteachers.Andyourpersonalgrowthplanmaychangewithyourage,yourinterests

andthesocialdevelopment.SotakeyourtimeandIbelieveyouwillgrowintoanexcellentyoung

man.

Bestwishes!

Yours,

LiFang

(1)Theunderlinedword"study〃inParagraph3probablymeans〃〃inChinese.

A.學習

B.諦視

C.幫助

D.調查

(2)WhichofthefollowingcanbethemissingpartinParagraph6?

A.plantofindajob

B.trytobeanEnglishteacher

C.practiceEnglish

D.workhardtorealizeyourdream

(3)Accordingtothepassage,apersonalgrowthplaninyourlifetimemaychangewiththefollowing

thingsexcept.

A.yourMindMaps

B.yourage

C.socialdevelopment

D.yourinterests

(4)Intheletter,LiFangmainlywantstotellLiHua.

A.howtospendtheholidayhappily

B.howtoprepareforhisdreamjob

C.howtomakehispersonalgrowthplan

D.howtoreviewtheplanwithhisfriends

【答案】DDAC

【解析】

1.D詞義揣測題.依據(jù)后句Understandwhatyoulike,whatyouvalueandwhatyouwanttobe.In

studyingyourself,youcheckyourstrengths(特長)andweaknesses.了角軍你喜愛什么，你看重什么，

你想成為什么樣的人.在探討自己時，你要檢查自己的優(yōu)缺點.可知結合選項，應說調查自己.所以study

意為調查.故選D.

2.D細微環(huán)節(jié)推理題.依據(jù)后句Forexample,ifyouwanttobeanEnglishteacherinthefuture,

youshouldspendmoretimereadingEnglishbooks,learningmoreaboutEnglishcultureandpracticing

yourlisteningandspeakingfromnowon.Youcanmakeyourdreamcometrueonlythroughhardwork.仞?。?/p>

如，假如你將來想成為一名英語老師，你應當花更多的時間讀英語書，學習更多關于英語文化的學問，從

現(xiàn)在起先練習你的聽力和口語.只有通過努力，你才能實現(xiàn)你的幻想.可知結合選項，應說努力實現(xiàn)你的

幻想.故選D.

3.A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題.依據(jù)最終一段句子Onceyouentertheseniorhighschool,you，11getachance

tomakeitbetterwiththehelpyourteachers.Andyourpersonalgrowthplanmaychangewithyour

age,yourinterestsandthesocialdevelopment.SotakeyourtimeandIbelieveyouwillgrow

intoanexcellentyoungman.一旦你進入中學，你就有機會在老師的幫助下做得更好.你的個人成長安

排可能會隨著你的年齡、愛好和社會發(fā)展而變更.所以漸漸來，我信任你會成長為一個優(yōu)秀的年輕人.可

知依據(jù)這篇文章，你一生中的個人成長安排可能會隨著以下事情而變更，除了你的思維導圖.故選A.

4.C主旨歸納題.依據(jù)這篇文章內容及其其次段句子Ihopeyouhaveagreattimeduringtheholiday,

butthereissomethingimportantforyoutothinkaboutaplanforyourpersonalgrowth.我希

望你在假期里過得開心，但是有一些重要的事情須要你去思索一個關于你個人成長的安排.可知信中，李

方主要想告知李華如何制定個人成長安排.故選C.

【練習2】

Toraisesnails（蝸牛）well,youneedtospray（噴）watertothecontainer（容器）every

morningandevening,changesoileverytwoweeks,andfeedthemwithvegetablesandsweetfruits,

〃saidSunYouxiangafterraisingsnailsforoneyear.Heisafourth-gradeprimaryschoolstudent

inHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Fromthreewhitejadesnailsattheverybeginningtomorethan

sixtysnailsoffourgenerations（代）now,hehasdoneagreatjobforhisscienceclass.

Watchingthereproduction（繁殖）ofanimalsisanuncommonexperienceforkids.Their

creativity,patienceandrespect（敬重）forlifewillbedevelopedastheylearntotakecare

ofanimalsontheirown.Sun，steachersaidthejobservedasagoodexampleoflife

education.Practiceisanecessarystepinlearninganditwillbenefitthekidsforalifetime.

Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreatures（生物）inafriendly

way.Startingfromthisyear,sciencewillbecomeanimportantsubjectasChineseandmathin

primaryschoolsinordertoimprovestudents，knowledgeaboutthethingsaroundus.Becauseof

curiosity（新奇心），morekidswillbewillingtowatchandthinkthroughpractising.Itwill

addtoourknowledgeoftheworldinthelongrun.

（1）WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaboutSunYouxiang?

A.Heisgoodatraisingsnails.

B.Hemakesalotofmoneybyraisingsnails.

C.Raisingsnailsisaninterestingexperienceforhim.

D.Hebecomescreativeandpatientthroughtakingcareofsnails.

(2)Theunderlinedword〃benefit"inParagraph2means

A.hurt

B.protect

C.begoodfor

D.bepopularwith

(3)InParagraph3,“Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreatures

inafriendlyway"means.

A.natureandcreaturesarefriendlytokids

B.lifeeducationcanmakekidsmorefriendly

C.lifeeducationtellskidshowtomakefriends

D.lifeeducationtellskidshowtogetonwellwithnatureandcreatures

(4)WhatdoesSunYouxiang，steacherthinkofhisjob?

A.Ittakestoomuchtime.

B.Itwasteslotsofmoney.

C.Itcan'thelpwithSun，sstudy.

D.Itservesasagoodexampleoflifeeducation.

(5)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Howtoraisesnails.

B.Patience,thekeytosuccess.

C.Theimportanceoflifeeducation.

D.Howtothinkthroughpractising.

【答案】BCDDC

【解析】

1.B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)文中的第一段Toraisesnails（蝸牛）well,youneedtospray（噴）

watertothecontainer（容器）everymorningandevening,changesoileverytwoweeks,andfeed

themwithvegetablesandsweetfruits.〃saidSunYouxiangafterraisingsnailsforoneyear.He

isafourth-gradeprimaryschoolstudentinHangzhou.ZhejiangProvince.為了更好地養(yǎng)蝸牛,

你須要每天早上和晚上把水噴到容器里，每兩周換一次土壤，然后用蔬菜和甜果喂它們.〃孫有翔養(yǎng)蝸牛是

特別擅長的，故A正確；依據(jù)其次段Watchingthereproductionofanimalsisanuncommonexperience

forkids.視察動物的繁殖對孩子來說是不尋常的經(jīng)驗，可知對他來說也是一個不同尋常的經(jīng)驗，故C正

確；結合其次段Theircreativity,patienceandrespectforlifewillbedevelopedastheylearn

totakecareofanimalsontheirown他們的創(chuàng)建力、耐性和對生命的敬重會隨著他們學會照看自己的

動物而發(fā)展起來，可知D正確，B沒有提到掙很多錢，故答案是B.

2.C詞義揣測題，依據(jù)文中的前面Practiceisanecessarystepinlearningand實踐是學習過程中

必不行少的一步，后面對于孩子來說，應當是終身受益，故答案是C.

3.D句子翻譯題，依據(jù)文中的Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowto1ivewithnatureandcreatures

inafriendlyway.生命教化讓孩子們懂得如何與大自然和生物友好相處.可知與D相吻合，故答案是D.

4.D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)文中的第三段Sunsteachersaidthejobservedasagoodexampleoflife

education,可知孫老師說，這項工作是一個很好的例子，故答案是D.

5.C主旨歸納題，依據(jù)文中的最終一段Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnature

andcreaturesinafriendlyway.生命教化讓孩子們懂得如何與大自然和生物友好相處，可知結合文

章主要通這視察蝸牛的生活面引誕生命教化的重要性，故答案是C.

【例題3】

Fromayoungage,I'vehadareallydeepconnectionwithbeingoutside.I'vebeenskiingSince

Iwaseightornineyearsold.rvebeenonexpeditions（探險）inmanyplaceslikeChina,Pakistan

andsoon.Butitwasinmyhomecountry,theUSA,thatIcameclosesttodeath.

ItwasApril1,2011.IwasskiingintheTetonswithmyfriendsJeremyandXavier,both

experiencedsnowboarders.Thatday,Iwasthelastpersontoski.Theywerewatchingmefroma

safearea.Suddenly,Iheardsomeonecryloudly.Iturnedaroundandsawthewholemountainstart

tomovebehindme.Itwasamassiveavalanche（大雪崩）.Thekindofavalanchethatdestroystrees,

cars,buses,evenhouses!Tensofthousandsoftonsofsnowwerecomingstraightdownthemountain

behindme.Ifeltthesnowpushmeforward,hundredsofmeters,andthencoverme.Itwassoheavy

thatIcouldn，tbreathe.Andthenitpushedmeforwardagainandup,outofthesnowpack.Ilooked

around,andforafewsecondsIactuallystoppedbeingterrified.Ihadamomenttopauseand

tolookatthepoweroftheavalanche.

Ilookeddownintothebottomofthevalley（峽谷）.Icouldseetreesthatwere30mtall,

becauseIwassofaraway,theylookedtinytome.〃0K,I'mgoingallthewaytothebottom!z/

Ithought.Thenthesnowpushedmeagaindownthemountainanother450m.Ithoughttheforceof

thesnowwoulddestroyme,itwaspowerful.Butintheend,Ifelttheavalancheslowdownand

Ijustpopped（迸出）rightoutofthesnowatthebottomofthevalley.

IttookJeremyandXavierabout20minutestoreachme.Therewasapileofdebris（碎片）

acrossthebottomofthemountain300mwide.Theycouldn5tbelieveitwhentheysawme.Iwas

solucky.

Hastheexperiencechangedme?DoIthinkaboutlifedifferently?Idon，tknow,maybe.But

Idoknowthatit'simportanttoliveyourlifewithmeaning.Lifeisagift,souseitwisely.

（1）Whatimpressedthewritermostinhisskiingexperienceis.

A.thepowerofsnow

B.thesightofthevalley

C.thedangerofpopping

D.theluckofhisexpedition

(2)Theunderlinedword'they'refersto

A.themountains

B.thetrees

C.JeremyandXavier

D.Pilesofdebris

(3)Fromthepassage,it'struethat.

A.thewritercameclosesttodeathwhenheskiedinPakistan

B.theavalanchepushedthewriterdownabout300maway

C.thewriter，sfriendswatchedhimatthebottomofthevalley

D.thewritercouldn，tbreathebecauseoftheweightofthesnow

(4)Thewriterwasthrownoutofthesnowwhen.

A.hisfriendsreachedforhim

B.hewaspushedtothebottom

C.theavalanchestartedtoslowdown

D.thesnowdrovehimforwardagain

(5)Accordingtothewriter,

A.hisexperienceandhisfriendshavechangedhim

B.it'simpossibletoknowtheforceofsnow

C.oneshouldnotliveameaninglesslife

D.hedoesn，tmindthematteroflifeordeath

【答案】ABDBC

【解析】

1.A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)文中的第2段Ilookedaround,andforafewsecondsIactuallystopped

beingterrified.Ihadamomenttopauseandtolookatthepoweroftheavalanche.我環(huán)顧四

周，幾秒鐘后，我就不再膽怯了.我有片刻的停頓，看看雪崩的力氣可知本文

主要是通過描述這場事故，即雪崩的力氣給作者留下的深刻的印象，故答案是A.

2.B詞義揣測題，依據(jù)文中的Icouldseetreesthatwere30mtall,becauseIwassofaraway,

theylookedtinytome.我能看到30米高的樹，因為我離他們太遠，對我來說它們看起來很小可知they

指的是那些樹，故答案是B.

3.D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)文中的第2段Ifeltthesnowpushmeforward,hundredsofmeters,and

thencoverme.ItwassoheavythatIcouldn，tbreathe.我感覺到雪把我推向幾百米，然后蓋上我.它

太重了以至于我不能呼吸可知D正確，故答案是D.

4.B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)文中的第3段Thenthesnowpushedmeagaindownthemountainanother450m.可

知然后雪又把我推下了山，故答案是B.

5.C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)文中的最終一段ButIdoknowthatit'simportanttoliveyourlifewith

meaning但我知道重要的是讓你的生活充溢意義，可知每個人都應當有意義地活著，故答案是C.

課后作業(yè)

InAmerica,boysandgirlsoftenjoinclubs.Themembersofaclubworktogether.They

alsolearncertainskillsandsharegoodtimes.

ManyboysbelongtoBoyScouts.Boyscoutsenjoyhikingand