廣東專升本（英語）模擬試卷2（共7

套）

（共322題）

廣東專升本（英語）模擬試卷第1套

一、常規閱讀（本題共萬題，每題1.0分，共15分。）

Whilestillinitsearlystages,welfarereformhasalreadybeenjudgedagreatsuccessin

manystates-atleastingettingpeopleoffwelfare.It'sestimatedthatmorethan2million

peoplehavelefttherollssince1994.Inthepastfouryears,welfarerollsinAthens

Countyhavebeencutinhalf.But70percentofthepeoplewholeftinthepasttwoyears

tookjobsthatpaidlessthan$6anhour.Theresult:TheAthensCountypovertyratestill

remainsatmorethan30percent-twicethenationalaverage.Foradvocates（代言A）for

thepoor,that'sanindicationmuchmoreneedstobedone."Morepeoplearegettingjobs,

butit'snotmakingtheirlivesanybetter,'*saysKathyLairn,apolicyanalystattheCenter

onBudgetandPolicyPrioritiesinWashington.AcenteranalysisofUSCensusdata

nationwidefoundthatbetween1995and1996,agreaterpercentageofsingle,female-

headedhouseholdswereearningmoneyontheirown,butthataverageincomeforthese

householdsactuallywentdown.Butformany,thefactthatpoorpeopleareableto

supportthemselvesalmostaswellwithoutgovernmentaidastheydidwithitisinitselfa

hugevictorj\"Welfarewasapoison.Itwasatoxin（毒素）thatwaspoisoningthe

family,"saysRobertRector,awelfare-reformpolicyanalyst."Thereformischangingthe

moralclimateinlow-incomecommunities.Ifsbeginningtorebuildtheworkethic（道德

觀），whichismuchmoreimportant."Mr.Rectorandothersarguedthatonce"thehabitof

dependencyiscracked/'thenthecountrycanmakeotherpolicychangesaimedat

improvinglivingstandards.

1、Fromihepassage,itcanbeseenthattheauthor.

A、believesthereformhasreducedthegovernment'sburden

B、insiststhatwelfarereformisdoinglittlegoodforthepoor

C>isoverenlhusiasticaboutthesuccessofwelfarerefbrm

D、considerswelfarereformtobefundamentallysuccessful

標準答案：D

知識點解析：觀點態度題。根據第一段的“Whilestillinitsearlystages,welfare

reformhasalreadybeenjudgedagreatSuccessinmanystates”可以看出作者的觀點,

即認為福利改革基本上是成功的。第六段也印證了這一點，故選D。

2、Whyaren'tpeopleenjoyingbetterliveswhentheyhavejobs?

A、Becausemanyfamiliesaredivorced.

B、Becausegovernmentaidisnowrare.

C、Becausetheirwagesarelow.

D、Becausethecostoflivingisrising.

標準答案：c」:

知識點解析：事實細節題。根據第二段第二句“But70presentofthepeoplewho...an

hour.”,選C。

3、WhatisworthnotingfromtheexampleofAthensCountyisthat.

A、greatereffortsshouldbemadetoimprovepeople'slivingstandards

B、70percentofthepeopletherehavebeenemployedfortwoyears

C、50percentofthepopulationnolongerreliesonwelfare

D、thelivingstandardsofmostpeoplearegoingdown

標準答案：A

知識點解析：事實細節題。根據第三段“…that'sanindicationthatmuchmoreneeds

tobedone.選A。

4、Fromthepassageweknowthatwelfarereformaimsat.

A^savingwelfarefunds

B、rebuildingtheworkethic

C、providingmorejobs

D^cuttinggovernmentexpenses

標準答案：B

知識點解析：事實細節題。根據第六段最后一句"It'sbeginningtorebuildthework

ethic,whichismuchmoreimportant”可知選Bo

5、Accordingtothepassage,beforethewelfarereformwascarriedout,.

A、thepovertyratewaslower

B、averagelivingstandardswerehigher

C、theaverageworkerwaspaidhigherwages

D、thepoorusedtorelyongovernmentaid

標準答案：D

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“…atleastingettingpeopleoffwelfare.

Ifsestimatedthatmorethan2millionpeoplehavelefttherollssince1994.“可推知D

項正確。第二段中“Inthepastfouryears,welfarerollsinAthenscountryhavebeen

cutinha「以及第五、六段也可以體現這一點。本題解答時要注意對題干的分析，

然后在文中尋找事實以比較福利改革前后的情形。

Sincewearesocialbeings,thequalityofourlivesdependsinlargemeasureonour

interpersonalrelationships.Onestrengthofthehumanconditionisourtendencytogive

andreceivesupportfromoneanotherunderstressfulcircumstances.Socialsupport

consistsoftheexchangeofresourcesamongpeoplebasedontheirinterpersonalties.

Thoseofuswithstrongsupportsystemsappearbetterabletocopewithmajorlife

changesanddailyhassles（困難）.Peoplewithstrongsocialtieslivelongerandhave

betterhealththanthosewithoutsuchtics.Studiesoverarangeofillnesses,from

depressiontoheartdisease,revealthatthepresenceofsocialsupporthelpspeoplefend

off（擋開）illness,andtheabsenceofsuchsupportmakespoorhealthmorelikely.Social

supportcushionsstressinanumberofways.First,friends,relatives,andco-workersmay

letusknowthattheyvalueus.Ourself-respectisstrengthenedwhenwefeelacceptedby

othersdespiteourfaultsanddifficulties.Second,otherpeopleoftenprovideuswith

informationalsupport.Theyhelpustodefineandunderstandourproblemsandfind

solutionstothen.Third,wctypicallyfindsocialcompanionshipsupportive.Engagingin

leisure-timeactivitieswithothershelpsustomeetoursocialneedswhileatthesame

timedistracting（轉移...的注意力）usfromourworriesandtroubles.Finally,other

peoplemaygiveusinstrumentalsupportfinancialaid,materialresources,andneeded

servicesthatreducesstressbyhelpingusresolveandcopewithourproblems.

6、Interpersonalrelationshipsareimportantbecause.

A、theyareindispensabletopeople'ssocialwell-being

B、theyawakenpeople'sdesiretoexchangeresources

C、theyhelppeopletocopewithlifeintheinformationera

D、theycancurearangeofillnessessuchasheartdisease,etc.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：事實細節題。根據首句"Sincewearesocialbeings...ourinterpersonal

relationships.”選項A“theyareindispensabletopeople'ssocialwell-being”,well-

being為qualityofourlives的同義轉換，故選A。

7、Researchshowsthatpeople'sphysicalandmentalhealth.

A^reliesonthesocialwelfaresystemswhichsupportthem

B、hasmuchtodowiththeamountofsupporttheygetfromothers

C、dependsontheirabilitytodealwithdailyworriesandtroubles

D、iscloselyrelatedtotheirstrengthforcopingwithmajorchangesintheirlives

標準答案：B

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段“ThoseofUSwithstrongsupport...”與“the

presenceofsocialsupport...morelikely"，可知選Bo

8、Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword"cushions*'（Line1,Para.

2）?

A、Addsupto.

Docsawaywith.

C、Lessenstheeffectof.

D、Laysthefoundationfor.

標準答案：c

知識點.析：詞義題。由上下文可知A和D項的意思與之相反，而B項過于絕

對，故選C。

9、Helpingasickneighborwithsomerepairworkisanexampleof.

A、instrumentalsupport

B、informationalsupport

C、socialcompanionship

D、thestrengtheningofself-respect

標準答案：A

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據文中末尾提及needservices可知instrumental

support為正確選項，故選Ao

10、Socialcompanionshipisbeneficialinthat.

A、ithelpsstrengthenourtieswithrelatives

itenablesustoeliminateourfaultsandmistakes

C、itmakesourleisure-timeactivitiesmoreenjoyable

D、itdrawsourattentionawayfromourworriesandtroubles

標準答案：D

知識點解析：事實細節題。根據文章倒數第二句"Engaginginleisure-time...our

worriesandtroubles“。D項中drawsourattentionawayfrom即與原文distracting對

應，故選D。

AlbertSchweitzerwasbornin1875inAlsace.Atthattime,itwasapartofGermany.His

generousspiritwasfirstawakenedthroughhistrainingasaLutheranminister.Besides

gainingareputationasapreacher,healsobecamerespectedforhisabilitytoplaythe

organ.Hewasamanofmanytalents.Hisconcernforotherpeopleturnedhisattentionto

medicine.Hehadalsoacquireddoctoraldegreesinphilosophyandmusic.Hiswifealso

tookaninterestinmedicineandbecameanurse.Manypeoplethoughtthatheshould

remainandlectureinEuropetohaveastrongimpactonwesterncivilization.Thoughhe

listenedtotheirsuggestions,heultimatelyfollowedhisownconscience.Thisledhimto

Africa.Alberthadfeltthatallmenshouldaccepttheresponsibilityofhelpingothers.He

feltparticularlyconcernedforblackAfricanswhohadbeenexploitedbywhitemen.He

earnedthemoneyheneededbyperformingontheorganandbylecturing.Withthis

moneyheboughtequipmentandopenedahospitalinAfrica.Hewasamanofgreat

strengthwhofacedgreatproblemswithcourage.Thethreatofwar,therealityof

imprisonmentduringWorldWarOneasaGermancitizen,andtheunbearableheatin

Africadidnotdeterhimatall.Hebelievedthatmancouldovercometheseobstaclesifhe

hadasenseofidealism.Hediedin1965.

11、WhatwereAlbert'stalents?

A、Lecturing,givingconcerts,andgivingmedicalcare.

B、Fightingasabravesoldier,givingconcerts,treatingillness.

C、Givingfreemedicineandwritingshortstories.

D、Teachinghiswifetobeanurse,treatingpatients,andgivingconcerts.

標準答案：A

知識點解析:事實細節題。根據文章“Besides…inphilosophyandmusic.”指出了他

擅長的幾個方面,即“asapreacher""playtheorgan""medicine"和"music”,故選

Ao

12、TheythoughtAlbertcouldinfluencesocietygreatly.

A、bylecturinginAfrica

B、bytraveling

C^bylecturinginEurope

D、bytreatingpatients

標準答案：C

知識點解析：事實細節題。文中“Manypeople…onwesterncivilization.”指出人們以

為他會繼續留在歐洲講座，會給西方文明帶來巨大沖擊。故選C。

13、AlberthimselfwantedtogotoAfrica.

A^becausethewhitemanwaspartlyresponsibleforillnessthere

B、becausehiswifehadbeenanursethere

C、becauseahospitalthereneededadoctor

D、becausehewasbornthere

標準答案：A

知識點解析：推理判斷題。文中“He回1…bywhitemen”說明他覺得黑人被白人剝

削，與此含意靠近的只有A項，即因為黑人被白人迫害，白人應對那里的疾病負

部分責任。

14^WhenheatfirstwantedtogotoAfrica.

A、somepeopleencouragedhim

B、somepeoplediscouragedhim

C^somepeopletoldhimtogotoAmerica

D、somepeopletoldhimtogotoAlaska

標準答案：B

知識點解析：推理判斷題。文中“Thoughhe...hisownconscience”，說明其他人給他

的建議一定是不讓他去非洲，因此B為正確答案。

15、Whichobstacledidhenothavetoface?

A、Trafficjams.

Hotclimate.

C、Threatofwar.

D、Imprisonment.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：事實細節題。根據文章最后兩句講述他所遇到的困難，其中并沒有提

到trafficjams,故選A。

二、閱讀填空（本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。）

Isfreshairreallygoodforyou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto"gooutandget

somefreshair.[RI]Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,if

theairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.[R2]Iftheairyou'rebreathing

isclean—whichitwouldbeifyou'reawayfromthesmogofcities—thentheairisfilled

withlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearnto

breathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles（肌肉）andyour

brain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworld

andhealing（治愈）.[R3]Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnature

duringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreduce

stress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood（情緒）.Greeneryisgood

forus.HospitalpatientsWhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoverata

fasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.19Itgivesusagreatfeelingof

peace.[R5]Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveis

beneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyour

skin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutes

tostartworking,andthat'splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday'sworthofVitamin

D.A.Freshaircleansourlungs.B.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegun

buildingHealingGardens.C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D.Anothersidebenefitof

gettingfreshairissunlight.E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmother

alwayssaid?

16、[Ri]

標準答案：E

知識點解析：根據下一句中的“theanswerisabigYES”可知，該空應該是一個一般

疑問句，選項中只有E選項是一般疑問句。E項“但是新鮮空氣真得像你母親說的

那樣對你有好處嗎?”承上啟下?故選Eo空前的“peopletellusto"gooutandget

somefreshair”和選項中的“yourmotheralwayssaid”也是呼應。

17、[R2]

標準答案：A

知識點解析:根據下一句中提到的"Iftheairyou'rebreathingisclean-whichit

wouldbeifyou'reawayfromthesmogofcities-thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,

energizingoxygen”可知，新鮮空氣充滿賦予人生命的，充滿活力的氧氣。再根據下

文中”…breathemoredeeply,allowingmoreoxygentogettoyourmusclesandyour

brain”是對前文的遞進，在戶外，更多的氧氣進入你的肌肉和大腦。根據前面的分

析可以推知，該空應該提到新鮮空氣的基本作用，根據常識，我們知道吸入的空氣

首先進入的是肺部，然后才會使我們的肌肉和大腦受益，故該空應選A項“新鮮空

氣清潔我們的肺部

18、[R3]

標準答案：B

知識點解析：根據卜.一句中提到的“theseplaces”可以推知，該空應該提到表示地點

的復數名詞。選項中只有B選項提到該類名詞，故B項”在全國，康復中心已經開

始建造‘康復花園"theseplaces就是指HealingGardenso

19、[R4]

標準答案：C

知識點解析：前文介紹的是“康復花園”中的綠色植物對于病人康復的好的作用：綠

色的正在成長的植物可以減輕壓力，降低血壓，使人情緒良好；空后提到“它給我

們一種平和感該空起承上啟下的作用，仍然要提到處于“康復花園”這種自然環

境中的好處，空后的it也要指代這種情況。故選C項、'身處大自然可以使人精神煥

發」

20、[R5]

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據下文中提到的“thesurTsrays…give：usbeneficialVitaminD”可

知，該段介紹陽光的好處。故該選項應該提到陽光。選項中只有D選項涉及陽

光。故選D項“獲得新鮮空氣的另一個好處是陽光。”

三、完型填空（本題共75題，每題7.0分，共75分。）

Formanypeopletoday,readingisnolongerrelaxation.Tokeepuptheirworktheymust

readletters,reports,tradepublications,interofficecommunications,nottomention

newspapersandmagazines:anever-endingfloodofwords.In[CI]ajobor

advancinginone,theabilitytoreadandcomprehend[C2]canmeanthe

differencebetweensuccessandfailure.Yettheunfortunatefactisthatmostofusare

[C3]readers.Mostofusdeveloppoorreading[C4]atanearly

age,andnevergetoverthem.Themaindeficiency[C5]intheactualstuffof

languageitself-words.Takenindividually,wordshave[C6]meaninguntil

theyarestrungtogetherintophrased,sentencesandparagraphs.Unfortunately,however,

theuntrainedreaderdoesnotreadgroupsofwords.Helaboriouslyreadsonewordata

lime,oftenregressingto[C7]wordsorpassages.Regression,thetendencyto

lookbackoverwhatyouhavejustread,isacommonbadhabitinreading.Anotherhabit

which[C8]downhespeedofreadingisvocalization—soundingeachword

eitherorallyormentallyasonereads.Toovercomethesebadhabits,somereadingclinics

useadevicecalledan[C91,whichmovesabar（orcertain）downthepageat

apredeterminedspeed.Thebarissetatalightlyfasterrate[CIO]thereader

findscomfortable,inorderto,'stretchhim.Theacceleratorforcesthereadertoreadfast,

[Cl1]wordbywordreading,regressionandsubvocalaction（默讀），

practicallyimpossible.Atfirstcomprehensionissacredforspeed.Butwhenyoulearnto

readideasandconcepts,youwillnotonlyreadfaster,[C12]your

comprehensionwillimprove.Manypeoplehavefound[C13]readingskill

drastically（徹底地）improvedaftersomeruining.TakeCharlesAu,abusinessmanager,

fbrinstance,hisreadingratewasareasonablygood172wordsaminute[C14]

thetraining,nowitisanexcellent1,378wordsaminute.Heisdelightedthat

howhecan[C15]alotmorereadingmaterialinashortperiodoftime.

21、[Cl]

A、applying

doing

C、offering

D^getting

標準答案：D

知識點解析：句意：誰如果想謀得一份差事。applying需與for搭配組成短語，意

思是“申請”；doing：做；offering：提供，此三項而不符題意。故選D。

22、[C2]

A、quickly

B、easily

C^roughly

D、decidedly

標準答案：A

知識點解析；句意；快速閱讀與理解的能力，足關系到成敗的關鍵所在。只有

quickly與符合句意。easily：容易地；roughly：粗略地;decidedly：果斷地，均與

原文意思不符。

23、[C3]

A、good

curious

C、poor

D、urgent

標準答案：C

知識點解析：英語中，閱讀速度快的人稱為good：reader,反之，就是poor

reader,根據上下文的內容，多數人都屬于poorreader,故選C。

24、[C4]

A、training

B、habits

C^situations

D、custom

標準答案：B

知識點解析：句意：大多數人早期養成看書慢的習慣。habits：習慣：training：訓

練,培訓;situations：形勢；custom：風俗。

25、[C5]

A^lies

B>combines

C^touches

D、involves

標準答案：A

知識點解析：句意：主要的困難在于語言的白身要素，即單詞。combines：聯合；

touches：接觸；involves：包括。這三項的詞義與原文意思不符。而lies與in構成

搭配，意為“在于”。

26、[C6]

A、some

B、alot

C、little

D、dull

標準答案：C

知識點解析：some：有點；alot：許多：dull：單調的。此三項不合題意。只有

little（很少）是否定詞，合乎邏輯。

27、[C7]

A、reuse

B、reread

C、rewrite

D^recite

標準答案：B

知識點解析：句意：在閱讀時經常重讀（反復讀）。因此，選reread（重讀）。reuse：

再使用；rewrite：改寫：recite：背誦。

28>[C8]

A、scales

B、cuts

C、slows

D、measures

標準答案：C

知識點解析：scalesdown：按比例減少；cutsdown：削減，此兩項不符合題意。

measures不能與down搭配。只有slowdown搭配的意思“放慢”，在此合適。故選

Co

29、[C9]

A、accelerator

actor

C、amplifier

D、observer

標準答案：A

知識點解析：句意：訓練快速閱讀所使用的工具必然與提高閱讀速度有關。因此選

accelerator（快讀器）。actor：演員;amplifier：放大器；observer：觀察者。

30、[C10]

A、then

B、as

C^beyond

D、than

標準答案：D

知識點解析：前面的taster決定了應當選than,構成比較級。

31、[C11]

A、enabling

B、leading

C、making

D^indicating

標準答案：C

知識點解析：句意：快速閱讀器迫使你加快閱讀速度，使你再也不能逐字閱讀，回

顧前文內容或者默讀uenabling相當于makingpossible；leading：引導；

indicating：指出,表明。都不合題意。只有making（使，使得）最合適。故選C。

32、[C12]

A、but

B、nor

C、or

D^for

標準答案：A

知識點解析：與前半句中的nolonly相呼應，構成句式“不僅……，而且……”，只

有選but,而nor,or,for均不能構成固定用法。

33、[CI3]

A、our

B、your

C、their

D、sucha

標準答案：C

知識點解析：本句中的主語是第三人稱復數，物主代詞應用Iheir。

34、[C14]

A、for

B、in

C、after

D、before

標準答案：D

知識點解析：這里提到受訓之前與受訓之后進行比較、對比，因此選before。

35、[Ci5]

A、master

B、goover

C、present

D、getthrough

標準答案：D

知識點解析：句意：在較短時間內，讀完眾多的材料。master：掌握；goover：復

習；present：呈現，展現，三項均不妥。只有gelthrough（讀完）符合句意。故選

Do

四、詞匯（本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。）

Thebusinesscycleismadeupofmanyphasesand[Bl]ofthemisthe

expansionphasewhichis[B2](divide)intotwoparts—recoveryand

prosperity.Duringtherecoveryperiodthereisa[B3](grow)expansionof

existingequipment.Andnewfacilitiesforproduction[B4](be)created.

Morebusinessesarecreatedandolderonesexpand.Manykindsofimportant

improvementsaremade.Peoplehold[B5](increasing)positiveviewabout

thefutureofeconomicgrowth.Muchcapitalisinvestedinmachineryor"heavy"

industry.Morelaborisemployed.Moreraw[B6](material)arcrequired.As

moreeconomydepartmentsdevelop,otherdepartmentsarcaffected.Forexample,the

expansioninautomobilesresults[B7]anexpansionofthesteelandrubber

industries.Roadsarerequired;thusthecementandmachineryindustriesareactivated.

Demandforlaborandmaterialsresultsingreaterprosperityforworkersandsuppliersof

rawmaterials.Thisincreasestheamountofgoodsboughtandsold.Thisprosperitycan

beseenamongthevariouspartsofthepopulation.Thisprosperityperiodmaycontinueto

rise[B8]anobviousend.[B9],whenthisphasereachesapeak

andstops[BIO](go)upwards,itistheendoftheexpansionphase.

36、[Bl]

標準答案：one

知識點解析：考查固定搭配。根據后面的is可知這里的主語是單數。oneofthem

表示“他們中的一個

37、[B2]

標準答案：Divided

知識點解析：考查被動語態結構be+doneoisdividedinto意為“被分成

38、[B3]

標準答案：growing

知識點解析：考查動名詞作定語。growing表示“正在增長的“，agrowingexpansion

表示“不斷擴大”。

39、[B4]

標準答案：are

知識點解析：考查主謂一致。根據前面的facilities可知這里填are。

40、[B5]

標準答案：increasingly

知識點解析:考查副詞。修飾形容詞positive用副詞increasingly。

41、[B6]

標準答案：materials

知識點解析：考查名詞的數。material復數形式為materials。

42、[B7]

標準答案：in

知識點解析：考查固定搭配。resultin意為“導致，結果工

43、[B8]

標準答案：without

知識點解析：考查介詞。句意：這一繁榮時期可能會繼續上升，但不會有明顯的結

束。根據句意可知填wilhout。

44、[B9]

標準答案：However

知識點解析：考查連詞。此處表示轉折，故填However。

45、[B10]

標準答案：going

知識點解析：考查固定搭配。slopdoingsth.意為“停止做某事”。

五、作文（本題共I題，每題7.0分，共I分。）

46、假設你是趙華，需要寫一封請假信。請假人：趙華請假對象：王老師請假時

間：4月6日—4月12EI,共7天書信要點：趙華接到哥哥4月4日的來信，說父

親生病了，讓他馬上回去。趙華告訴王老師回校后會及時補上落下的功課，請老師

放心。最后趙華還附上哥哥的來信。參考詞匯：隨同此信herewilh寫作要求：正

文約100個英文單詞，正文不可出現考生的真實姓名、學校等信息。

標準答案：April5th,2022DearMr.Wang,Ibegtoapplyfbroneweek'sleaveof

absencefromthe6thtothe12th,fbrTilreturnhometoseemyfather,whoisnow

seriouslyill.Tosupportmyapplication,Iherewithsubmitaletterreceivedfrommy

brotheronApril4th.Ishouldbeverymuchobligedifyougrantmyapplication.As

regardsthelessonstobemissedduringmyabsence,Iwilldomybesttomakethemupas

soonasIgetbackfromhome.Sodon'tworryaboutme.Yoursrespectfully,ZhaoHua

知識點解析：暫無解析

廣東專升本（英語）模擬試卷第2套

一、常規閱讀（本題共75題，每題上0分，共萬分。）

Californiahasbeenfacingadroughtformanyyearsnow,withcertainareasevenhaving

topumpfreshwaterhundredsofmilestotheirdistributionsystem.Theproblemis

growingasthepopulationofthestatecontinuestoexpand.Newresearchhasfounddeep

waterreservesunderthestatewhichcouldhelpsolvetheirdroughtcrisis.Previous

drillingofwellscouldonlyreachdepthsof1,000feet,butduetonewpumpingpractices,

waterdeeperthanthiscannowbeextracted（抽取）.TheteamatStanfordinvestigatedthe

aquifers（地卜蓄水層）belowthisdepthandfoundthatreservesmaybetriplewhatwas

previouslythought.Itisprofitabletodrilltodepthsmorethan1,000feetforoilandgas

extraction,butonlyrecentlyinCaliforniahasitbecomeprofitabletopumpwaterfrom

thisdepth.Theaquifersrangefrom1,000to3,000feetbelowtheground,whichmeans

thatpumpingwillbeexpensiveandthereareotherconcerns.Thebiggestconcernof

pumpingoutwaterfromthisdeepisthegradualsettlingdownofthelandsurface.Asthe

waterispumpedout,thevacantspaceleftiscompactedbytheweightoftheearthabove.

Eventhoughpumpingfromthesedepthsisexpensive,itisstillcheaperthandesalinating

（脫鹽）theoceanwaterinthelargelycoastalstate.Somedesalinationplantsexistwhere

feasible,buttheyarecostlytorunandcanneedconstantrepairs.Wellsaremuchmore

reliablesourcesoffreshwater,andCaliforniaishopingthatthesedeepwellsmaybethe

answertotheirseverewatershortage.Oneproblemwiththesesourcesisthatthedeep

wateralsohasahigherlevelofsaltthanshalloweraquifers.Thismeansthatsomewells

mayevenneedtoundergodesalinationafterextraction,thusincreasingthecost.Research

fromtheexhaustivestudyofgroundwaterfromover950drillinglogshasjustbeen

published.Newestimatesofthewaterreservesnowgoupto2,700billioncubicmeters

offreshwater.

1、HowcouldCalifornia'sdroughtcrisisbesolvedaccordingtosomeresearchers?

A、Bybuildingmorereservesofgroundwater.

B、Bydrawingwaterfromthedepthsoftheearth.

C^Bydevelopingmoreadvanceddrillingdevices.

D^Byupgradingitswaterdistributionsystem.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：事實細節題。根據文章首段第三句，新的研究已經發現了該州的深層

地下水儲備，這可以幫助解決其干旱危機的問題。由此可見，從地下深處取水是解

決加利福尼亞州干旱危機的一個辦法，故選Bo

2、Whatcanbeinferredaboutextractingwaterfromdeepaquifers?

A^Itwasdeemedvitaltosolvingthewaterproblem.

B、Itwasnotconsideredworththeexpense.

C、Itmaynotprovidequalityfreshwater.

D、Itisboundtogainsupportfromthelocalpeople.

標準答案：B-

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據文章第二段第一句，直到最近，在加利福尼亞州從

這個深度以下取水才變得有利可圖。第二句又提到，從地下一千英尺到三千英尺的

蓄水層抽水的成本是高昂的，而且還有其他一些擔憂。由此可知，從深層地下蓄水

層抽水在之前不被認為是物超所值的，故選B。

3、Whatismentionedasaconsequenceofextractingwaterfromdeepunderground9

A、Thesinkingoflandsurface.

B、Theharmtotheecosystem.

C>Thedamagetoaquifers.

D、Thechangeoftheclimate.

標準答案：A

知識點解析?：事實細節題。根據文章第二段第三、四句，從這一深度抽水的最大擔

憂是地表逐漸卜沉，隨著地下水被抽走，地下所剩的空間會受，層L壤的重顯所擠

壓。由此可見，地下水被抽走面引發的后果就是地表下沉，故選A。

4、Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutdeepwells?

A、Theyrunwithoutanyneedforrepairs.

B、Theyareentirelyfreefrompollutants.

C>Theyaretheultimatesolutiontodroughts.

D、Theyprovideasteadysupplyoffreshwater.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：推理判斷題C根據第二段最后一句，地下井是淡水更為可靠的來源.

而加利福尼亞州正期望這些深層地下井可以解決其嚴重的淡水短缺問題。由此可.

見，深層地下井可以提供穩定的淡水供應，故選D。

5、Whatmayhappenwhendeepaquifersareusedaswatersources?

A、People'shealthmayimprovewithcleanerwater.

B、People'swaterbillsmaybeloweredconsiderably.

C>Thecostmaygoupduetodesalination.

D、Theymaybeexhaustedsoonerorlater.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段第一、二句，這些來源存在的一個問題就

是深層地下水也比淺一些的地下蓄水層的水含鹽濃度要高。這就意味著從一些井里

抽取上來的水甚至需要經過脫鹽才能使用，從而會增加成本。由此可見，一旦這些

地下水作為淡水資源，可能會出現高鹽度的情況，那么就要進行脫鹽，勢必會增加

成本，故選C。

TheAlphaGoprogram'svictoryisanexampleofhowsmartcomputershavebecome.But

canartificialintelligence(AI)machinesactethically,meaningcantheybehonestand

fair?OneexampleofAIisdriverlesscars.TheyarealreadyonCaliforniaroads,soitis

nottoosoontoaskwhetherwecanprogramamachinetoactethically.Asdriverlesscars

improve,theywillsavelives.Theywillmakefewermistakesthanhumandriversdo.

Sometimes,however,theywillfaceachoicebetweenlives.Shouldthecarsbe

programmedtoavoidhittingachildrunningacrosstheroad,evenifthatwillputtheir

passengersatrisk?Whataboutmakingasuddenturntoavoidadog?Whatiftheonly

riskisdamagetothecaritself,nottothepassengers?Perhapstherewillbelessonsto

learnfromdriverlesscars,buttheyarcnotsuper-intelligentbeings.Teachingethicstoa

machineevenmoreintelligentthanwearewillbethebiggerchallenge.Aboutthesame

timeasAlphaGo'striumph,Microsoft's,'chatbot11tookabadturn.Thesoftware,named

Taylor,wasdesignedtoanswermessagesfrompeopleaged18—24.Taylorwas

supposedtobeabletolearnfromthemessagesshereceived.Shewasdesignedtoslowly

improveherabilitytohandleconversations,butsomepeoplewereteachingTaylorracist

ideas.WhenshestartedsayingnicethingsaboutHitler,Microsoftturnedheroffand

deletedherugliestmessages.AlphaGo'svictoryandTaylor'sdefeathappenedatabout

thesametime.Thisshouldbeawarningtous.ItisonethingtouseAIwithinagame

withclearrulesandcleargoals.ItissomethingverydifferenttouseAIintherealworld.

Theunpredictabilityoftherealworldmaybringtothesurfaceatroublingsoftware

problem.EricSchmidtisoneofthebossesofGoogle,whichownsAlphaGo.liethinks

AIwillbepositiveforhumans.Hesaidpeoplewillbethewinner,whatevertheoutcome.

AdvancesinAIwillmakehumanbeingssmarter,moreableand"justbetterhuman

beings."

6、WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowwiththeexampleofAlphaGo'svictory?

A、Computerswillprevailoverhumanbeings.

B、Computershaveunmatchedpotential.

C、Computersareman'spotentialrivals.

D、Computerscanbecomehighlyintelligent.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：推理判斷題。第一段阿爾法狗圍棋程序的獲勝是證明計算機已經變得

多聰明的一個例子。換句話說，阿爾法狗圍棋程序曾戰勝人類諸多優秀的圍棋手，

所以它的獲勝說明計算機已經變得高度智能，故選D。

7、WhatdoestheauthormeanbyAImachinesactingethically?

ANTheyarccapableofpredictingpossiblerisks.

B、Theyweighthegainsandloss