專升本英語（閱讀）模擬試卷12（共9

套）

（共180題）

專升本英語（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套

一、閱讀理解（本題共25題，每題1.0分，共25分。）

Psychologyandsociologyarebothcategorizedassocialsciences,andbothstudyhuman

behavior.However,psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior,whereassociologyis

thestudyofgroupbehavior.Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblemsanindividual

mighthaveinsocialinteractionwithotherindividuals,butthemainconcernofsociology

isthewaysthatdifferentsocietieswithdifferentculturesdealwitheachother.Sociology

asksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:whydoesonesocietyprogressrapidlyand

anotheroneremainprimitiveforcenturies?Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutionina

society?Whatistheroleofreligionorartinasociety?Psychologyasksandtriesto

answerquestionslikethese:whydoesanindividualadapteasilytoachanging

environmentandanotherindividualbecomementallydisturbed?Whatarethecausesof

antisocialbehavior?Whatroledoesreligionorartplayinanindividual'smentaland

emotionallife?Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheirstudyofhuman

behavior.Itisassumedthatbybetterunderstandingindividualmotivationandbehavior,

morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivationandbehavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed:

ifscientistscanlearnmoreaboutsocialgroups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.

1、Whatwouldbeanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A、PsychologyandSociology

B、IndividualandGroup

C>HumanBehaviorStudy

D、MainConcernsofSocialSciences

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文章第一段講了心理學和社會學的定義及區別，第二段重點講社會

學，第三段重點講心理學，最后一段講兩者之間的合作互利。故A對。

2、Whichofthefollowingquestionsistheconcernofpsychology?

A^Whatistheroleofreligionorartinasociety?

B、Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?

C、Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?

D^Whydoesonesocietyprogressmorerapidlythananother?

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文章第三段Psychologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslike

these：...Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?講的都是心理學所涉獵的內容，

所以選C。A、B、D項所述都是社會學研究的內容。

3、Accordingtotheauthor,.

A、psychologyandsociologybenefitfromeachother'sresearch

B、toomuchemphasisonpsychologymaycausesocialproblems

C、thestudyofgroupbehavioristheinterestofpsychologists

D^differentsocietieswithdifferentculturescannotgetalongwell

標準答案：A

知識點解析：由文章的第四段Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheir

studyofhumanbehavior…及其后面的內容可知，研究個體對團體的行為研究有利，

而研究團體也對個體的行為研究有利。因此選A。

4、Awordwhichcantaketheplaceof"reverse"inthelastsentenceis.

A、consequence

B、result

C、opposite

D、implication

標準答案：C

知識點解析：由文章最后一段最后兩句Itisassumedthatbybetterunderstanding

individualmotivationandbehavior?morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivationand

behavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed：ifscientistscanlearnmoreaboutsocial

groups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.可知,這兩句講的是相互對立的兩個

方面.故reverse前后假設的條件和結果F好相反「故C對c

5、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A、Bothpsychologyandsociologystudyhumanbehavior.

B、Mentalproblemsshouldbedealtwithbyasociologist.

C、Sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

D、Psychologypaysmoreattentiontoindividualsthantogroups.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第一段psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior,whereas

sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior和Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblems

anindividualmighthaveinsocialinteractionwithotherindividuals可知A、C、D正

確，mentalproblem足psychology所研究的對象，故選

Thereisnodenyingthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingabouthowcomputerswork,just

asweexpectthematleasttounderstandthattheinternal-combustionengine（內燃機）

hassomethingtodowithburningfuel,expandinggasesandpistonsbeingdrive.For

peopleshouldhavesomebasicideaofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo.

Further,studentsmightbehelpedbyacoursethatconsidersthecomputer'simpacton

society.Butthatisnotwhatismeantbycomputerliteracy.Forcomputerliteracyisnota

formofliteracy（讀寫能力）;itisatradeskillthatshouldnotbetaughtasaliberalart.

Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowtoprogramonearetwodistinct

activities.Acasemightbemadethatthecompetentcitizensoftomorrowshouldfree

themselvesfromtheirfearofcomputers.Butthisisquitedifferentfromsayingthatall

oughttoknowhowtoprogramone.Leavethattopeoplewhohavechosenprogramming

asacareer,whileprogrammingcanbelotsoffun,andwhileoursocietyneedssome

peoplewhoareexpertsatit,thesameistrueofautorepairandviolin-making.Learning

howtousecomputerisnotthatdifficult,anditgetseasierallthetimeasprograms

becomemore"user-friendlyLetusassumethatinthefutureeveryoneisgoingtohave

toknowhowtouseacomputertobeacompetentcitizen.Whatdoesthephrase"learning

touseacomputer"mean?Itsoundslike"learningtodriveacar",thatis,itsoundsasif

thereissomesetofdefiniteskillsthat,onceacquired,enableonetouseacomputer.In

fact,"learningtouseacomputer"ismuchmorelike"learningtoplayagame,"but

learningtherulesofonegamemaynothelpyouplayasecondgame,whoserulesmay

notbethesame.Thereisnosuchathingasteachingsomeonehowtouseacomputer.

Onecanonlyteachpeopletousethisorthatprogramandgenerallythatiseasily

accomplished.

6、Tobethecompetentcitizensoftomorrow,peopleshould.

A、trytolayasolidfoundationincomputerscience

BNbeawareofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo

C^learntouseacomputerbyacquiringacertainsetofskills

D、understandthatprogrammingacomputerismoreessentialthanrepairingacar

標準答案：C

知識點解析：根據第二段Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowto

programonearetwodistinctactivities.Acasemightbemadethatthecompetent

citizensoftomorrowshouldfreethemselvesfromtheirfearofcomputers.可知C正

確。

7^Inthesecondparagraph"violin-making"ismentionedtoshowthat.

A、programmingacomputerisasinterestingasmakingaviolin

B、oursocietyneedsexpertsindifferentfields

C>violin-makingrequiresasmanyskillsascomputerprogramming

D、peoplewhocanuseacomputerdon'tnecessarilyhavetoknowcomputerprogram

標準答案：D

知識點解析:thesameistrueofautorepairandviolin-making.在這里用autorepair

和violin-making分別指代使用電腦和懂得編程的人。

8、Learningtouseacomputerisgettingeasierallthelimebecause.

A、programsarebecominglesscomplicated

B、programsaredesignedtobeconvenienttousers

C、programmingisbecomingeasierandeasier

D^programsarebecomingreadilyavailabletocomputerusers

標準答案：B

知識點解析：Learninghowtousecomputerisnotthatdifficult,anditgetseasierall

thetimeasprogramsbecomemoreuuser-friendly,\此題的關鍵是理解“user-friendly"

的意思，“對用戶友好的，容易使用的“。故選B。

9、Accordingtotheauthor,thephrase"learningtouseacomputer”(Para.3)means

learning.

A^aseiofrules

B、thefundamentalofcomputerscience

C、specificprograms

D^generalprinciplesofprogramming

標準答案：C

知識點解析：由文章最后一句Onecanonlyteachpeopletousethisorthatprogram

andgenerallythatiseasilyaccomplished.可知選Co

10、Theauthor5spurposeinwritingthispassageis.

Axtostresstheimpactofthecomputeronsociety

B、toexplaintheconceptofcomputerliteracy

C、toillustratetherequirementforbeingcompetentcitizensoftomorrow

D、toemphasizethatcomputerprogrammingisaninterestingandchallengingjob

標準答案：B」-^

知識點解析：通讀全文可知，作者主要講述的是使用計算機能力的一些內容，A、

C、D所述均不正確，只有B項是作者的寫作目的所在。

Honeybeescannotlivealone.Theirbodystructureandinstinctsequipthemfbrlifeina

colonyorcommunity,wheretheyhaveacomplexsocialorganizationandthevarious

dutiesaredividedamongtheindividualsaccordingtophysicalfitnessandage.An

individualworkerbeecannotproduceitself.Whileitmaycontinuetoliveifforcibly

isolatedfromitsmates,itfailstocareforitselfadequately,andsoondies.Mostinsects

havetheabilitytohibernateinwinter,butthehoneybeeseemstohavelostthis.Sinceat

lowtemperaturesthebeewilldie,itmusthavetheabilitytomakeitsownenvironment,

sofarastemperatureisconcerned.Thismakesacolonyisnecessarytothebeesin

winter,sothattheymaycollectivelywarmeachother.Efficiency,ifnotnecessarily,

demandsthattheworkofthecolonybedivided,andsuchadivisionoflabortendsto

enhancetheneedtomaintainthecolony.Thephysicalstructureofthehoneybeeis

furthersuitedforthedefenseoftheentirecolonyratherthanforitsowndefense.The

bee'sbarbedstingisusedonlyonceandismademoreeffectivebythefactthatitishft

behindinthevictim.Withthelossofthesting,however,thebeedies.Thiskindof

defensiveweaponisnotofservicetotheindividual,buttothecommunity.

11、Accordingtothepassage,beesarefittedforcommunallifebyvirtueoftheir

A、flexibilityandinitiative

B>intelligenceandsensitivity

C、independenceandendurance

D^instinctsandform

標準答案：D

知識點解析：由第一段首句Honeybeescannotlivealone.Theirbodystructureand

instinctsequipthemforlifeillacolonyorcommunity.可知選D。

12、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatatonetimebeeshadtheabilityto.

A、increasetheiractivityinlowertemperatures

B、leavecoldclimatesduringwinter

C、remaininactivethroughperiodsofcoldweather

D^constructinsulatedhives

標準答案：C

知識點解析：從文中第五句Mostinsectshavetheabilitytohibernateinwinter,but

thehoneybeeseemstohavelostthis.可知昆蟲有冬天冬眠的能力，但是蜜蜂可能己

經失去了這個能力。推斷曾經蜜蜂可能具有這個能力。故選C。

13、Accordingtothepassage,beesdifferfrommostoihercommunitiesofinsectsin

theirneedto.

A、reproduceinlargenumbers

B、controlthetemperaturewheretheylive

C^dividetheworkoftheircolonies

D^haveacomplexdefensesystem

標準答案：C

知識點解析：從文中Efficiency,ifnotnecessarily,demandsthattheworkofthe

colonybedivided,andsuchadivisionoflabortendstoenhancetheneedtomaintain

thecolony可知蜜蜂需根據它們工種的不同來進行工作分工，這也是它們與其他昆

蟲的不同之處，故選C

14、Accordingtothepassage,thehoneybee'sstingisparticularlyeffectivebecause

it.

A、hasmanypotentialuses

cankillseveralvictimsatonce

C、islocatedintherearofthebee'sbody

D、remainswiththebee'svictim

標準答案：D

知識點解析：從文中Thebee'sbarbedstingisusedonlyonceandismademore

effectivebythefactthatitisleftbehindinthevictim.可知D正確。

15、Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

A、TheCommunalLifeofBees

B、TheStructureoftheBee

C、TheOrganizationofInsectColonies

D^TheLifeoftheSocialInsects

標準答案：A

知識點解析：根據文章最后內容可知，文章闡述的是蜜蜂的群居生活。故A對。

Itisveryinterestingtonotewherethedebateaboutdiversity（多樣化）istakingplace.It

istakingplaceprimarilyinpoliticalcircles.HereattheCollegeFund,wehavealotof

contactwithtopcorporate（公司的）leaders;noneofthemistalkingaboutgettingridof

thoseinstrumentsthatproducediversity.Infact,theysaythatiftheircompaniesarcto

competeintheglobalvillageandintheglobalmarketplace,diversityisanimperative.

Theyalsosaythattheneedfortalented,skilledAmericansmeanswehavetoexpandthe

poolofpotentialemployees.Andinlookingatwherebirthratearegrowingandatwhere

thepopulationisshifting,corporateAmericaunderstandsthatexpandingthepoolmeans

promotingpoliciesthathelpprovideskillstomoreminorities,morewomen,andmore

immigrants.Corporateleadersknowthatifthatdoesn'toccurinoursociety,theywillnot

havetheengineers,thescientists,thelawyers,orthebusinessmanagerstheywillneed.

Likewise,Idon'thearpeopleintheacademysaying,"Let'sgobackward.Let'sgobackto

thegoodolddays,whenwehadameritocracy（不拘一格選人才）“，whichwasnever

true-weneverhadameritocracy,althoughwe'vecomeclosertoitinthelast30years.I

recentlyvisitedagreatlittlecollegeinNewYorkwherethecampushasdoubledits

minoritypopulationinthelastsixyears.ItalkedwithanAfricanAmericanwhohasbeen

professorthereforalongtime.Andsheremembersthatwhenshefirstjoinedthe

community,therewerelewerthanahandfulofminoritiesoncampus.Nowallofusfeel

（hewayisbetterbecauseofthediversity.Sowherewehearthisdebatesisprimarilyin

politicalcirclesandinthemedia-notincorporateboardroomsoroncollegecampuses.

16、Thewordimperative（Para.1）mostprobablyreferstosomething.

A、superficial

remarkable

C、debatable

D、essential

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據文中具體語言環境可知該詞的意思為“必需的，不可缺少的''，故

選D。

17^Whichofthefollowinggroupsofpeoplestilldifferintheirviewsondiversity?

A^Minorities.

B、Politicians.

C^Professors.

D、Managers.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：根據文中前兩句Itisveryinterestingtonotewherethedebateabout

diversity（多樣化）istakingplace.Itistakingplaceprimarilyinpoliticalcircles.可知對

多樣化的討論多發生在政界，所以應該是政客談論的較多。故選B。

18、Highcorporateleadersseemtobeinfavorofpromotingdiversitysoasto.

A^lowertherateofunemployment

Americanpoliticalcircleswillnotacceptdiversity

C、becompetitiveintheworldmarket

D、satisfythedemandofagrowingpopulation

標準答案：C

知識點解析：根據文中第一段Infact,theysaythatiftheircompaniesaretocompete

intheglobalvillageandintheglobalmarketplace,diversityisanimperative.可知公

司要在市場上更具競爭力就要注意多樣化發展，故C正確。

19、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A^meritocracycanneverberealizedwithoutdiversity

B、Americanpoliticalcircleswillnotacceptdiversity

C、ItisunlikelythatdiversitywilloccurintheU.S.media

D^minoritiescanonlyenterthefieldswherenodebateisheardaboutdiversity

標準答案：A

知識點解析：根據文中第二段...whichwasnevertrue—weneverhadameritocracy,

althoughwe'vecomeclosertoitinthelast30years.及后面的Nowallofusfeelthe

wayisbelterbecauseofthediversity.可知選A。

20、Accordingtothepassage,diversitycanbeachievedinAmericansocietyby.

A、expandingthepoolofpotentialemployees

B、promotingthepoolofpotentialemployees

C、trainingmoreengineers,scientists,lawyersandbusinessmanagers

D、providingeducationforallregardlessofraceorsex

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據文章意思Americaunderstandsthatexpandingthepoolmeans

promotingpoliciesthathelpprovideskillstomoreminorities,morewomen,andmore

immigrants.因此D為E確選項。

Bacteriaareextremelysmalllivingthings.Whilewemeasureourownsizesininchesor

centimeters,bacterialsizeismeasuredinmicrons.Onemicronisathousandthofa

millimeter;apinheadisaboutamillimeteracross.Rod-shapedbacteriaareusuallytwoto

fourmicronslong,whileroundedonesaregenerallyonemicronindiameter.Thus,ifyou

enlargedaroundedbacteriumathousandtimes,itwouldbejustaboutthesizeofa

pinhead.Anadulthumanmagnifiedbythesameamountwouldbeoveramile(1.6

kilometers)tall.Evenwithanordinarymicroscope,youmustlookcloselytoseebacteria.

Usingamagnificationof100times,onefindsthatbacteriaarcbarelyvisibleastinyrods

ordots.Onecannotmakeoutanythingoftheirstructure.Usingspecialstains,onecansee

thatsomebacteriahaveattachedtothemwavy-looking"hairs"calledflagella(鞭毛).

Othershaveonlyoneflagellum.Theflagellarotate,pushingthebacteriathroughthe

water.Manybacterialackflagellaandcannotmoveaboutbytheirownpower,while

otherscanglidealongoversurfacesbysomelittle-understoodmechanism.Fromthe

bacterialpointofview,theworldisaverydifferentplacefromwhatitistohumans.Toa

bacterium,waterisasthickasmolassesistous.Bacteriaarcsosmallthattheyarc

influencedbythemovementsofthechemicalmolecules（分子）aroundthem.Bacteria

underthemicroscope,eventhosewithnoflagella,oftenbounceaboutinthewater.This

isbecausetheycollidewiththewatermoleculesandarepushedthiswayandthat.

Moleculesmovesorapidlythatwithinatenthofasecondthemoleculesarounda

bacteriumhaveallbeenreplacedbynewones.Evenbacteriawithoutflagellaarcthus

constantlyexposedtoachangingenvironment.

21、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A、Rod-shapedbacteriaaregenerallylargerthanroundedones.

B、Ifweenlargedarod-shapedbacteriumathousandtimes,itwouldstillbesmallerthan

apinhead.

C、Ifoneusedamicroscopewithamagnificationof100times,hecanseethestructure

ofabacteriumclearly.

D^Watermoleculesmovesoquicklythatabacteriumcannotmoveinthewater.

標準答案:A

知識點解析：根據文中第一段“Rod—shippedbacteriaareusuallytwotofourmicrons

long,whileroundedonesaregenerallyonemicronindiameter”,可明顯得出rod-

shapedbacteria比roundedbacteria要大，故A正確。

22、Accordingtothepassage,onewhoexaminesbacteriawithanordinarymicroscope,

usingamagnificationof100timeswillsee.

A、tinyrods

stains

C、wavy-lookinghairs

D、detailedstructures

標準答案：A

知識點解析：根據文中第二段前兩句"Usingamagnificationof100times,onefinds

thatbacteriaayebarelyvisibleastinyrodsordots”,故選A。

23、Theenvironmentaroundbacteriaisalwayschangingbecause.

A、moleculesaroundbacteriamoveveryfast

B、thewaterisasthickasmolasses

C^thereisalargenumberofmoleculesaroundbacteria

D、newbacteriaalwaysreplacetheoldones

標準答案：A

知識點解析：根據文章第三段“Moleculesmovesorapidlythatwithinatenthofa

secondthemoleculesaroundabacteriumhaveallbeenreplacedbynewones”,故選

Ao

24>Theauthorcompareswatertomolassesinordertoshow.

A、howdifficultitisforbacteriatomovethroughthewater

B、howdifferentthebacterialworldisfromthehumanworld

C、howthewatermoleculeswork

D^whatdifferentbacteriaoneliquidcontainsfromanother

標準答案：A

知識點解析：由文章第三段前三句可知作者將水比作糖漿是為了說明“水對于細菌

來說就相當于糖漿對于人類一樣稠，所以細菌在水中運動起來就很困難”，故選

Ao

25、Therelationshipbetweenabacteriumanditsflagellaismostsimilartowhichofthe

following?

A^Aflagattachedioastick.

B、Acowboyonthecow'sback.

C、Adoorclosedbyanaughtyboy.

D^Aboatpushedbythemotor.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據文章第二段最后幾句“…somebacteriahaveattachedtothem

wavy-looking'hairs'calledflagella...Theflagellarotate,pushingthebacteriathrough

thewater。”可知D更確切。

專升本英語（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套

一、閱讀理解（本題共25題，每題7.0分，共25分。）

TheUnitedStatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces.Usuallytheyaremixed

togetherandcan'tbetoldonefromanother.Butmanyofthemstilltalkaboutwheretheir

ancestorscamefrom.Itissomethingtheyareproudof.TheoriginalAmericans,of

course,weretheIndians.Theso-calledwhitemenwhothencameweremostlyfrom

England.ButmanycamefromothercountrieslikeGermanyandFrance.Oneproblem

theUnitedStateshasalwayshadisdiscrimination.AsnewgroupscametotheUnited

Statestheyfoundtheywerediscriminatedagainst.FirstitwastheIrishandItalians.Later

itwastheblacks.Almosteverygrouphasbeenabletoeventuallyescapethis

discrimination.Theonlyimmigrantswhohavenotaretheblacks.Surprisinglyenough

theworstdiscriminationtodayisshowntowardstheIndians.OnereasontheIndiansare

discriminatedagainstisthattheyhavetriedsohardtokeeptheiridentity.Ofcoursethey

arenottheonlyoneswhohavedoneso.TheJapanesehavetheirLittleTokyoinLos

AngelesandtheChineseaChinatowninNewYork.TheDutchsettlementin

Pennsylvaniaalsostaysseparatefromotherpeople.Theirtownsarelikesomethingfrom

the19thcentury.Theyhaveadifferentreasonthantheothergroupsforstayingapart.

Theyliveseparatelyforreligiousreasonsratherthankeepingtogetherinaracialgroup.

Althoughsomegroupshavekeptthemselvesseparateandothershavebeendiscriminated

against,allgroupshavehelpedmaketheUnitedStatesagreatcountry.Thereisnogroup

thathasnothelpedinsomeway.Andthereisnogroupthatcansaytheyhavedonethe

mosttomakeitagreatcountry.Manypeoplestillcomefromothercountriestohelpthe

UnitedStatesgrow.AgoodexampleistheAmericanprojectthatletaroanwalkonthe

moon.ItwasascientistfromGermanywhowasmostresponsiblefordoingthat.Itis

certainthatinthefuturetheUnitedStateswillstillneedthehelpofpeoplefromallracial

groupstoremainagreatcountry.

1、Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestdescribethemainideaofthispassage?

A、TheUnitedSlatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces.

B、DiscriminationisthemostseriousproblemintheUnitedStates.

C>AlltheracesintheUnitedStateshavehelpedmakethecountryagreatone.

D、TheprosperityoftheUnitedStatesismainlyduetothehardworkofthemost

discriminatedraces.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：由文章第五段第一句"Althoughsomegroupshavekeptthemselves

separateandothershavebeendiscriminatedagainst,allgroupshavehelpedmakethe

UnitedStatesagreatcountry可知C正確。

2、Inthefirstparagraph,theword"told"means.

A、separated

distinguished

C、revealed

D、madeknown

標準答案：B

知識點解析：從上下文準理Usuallytheyarcmixedtogetherandcan'tbetoldonefrom

another.前面的mix已能判斷出told的含義，即“區分、區別''的意思，同B項意

思接近。

3、Thispassageimpliesthatdiscriminationisaproblemwhich.

A^manyracesintheUnitedStateshaveexperienced

B、isstillveryseriousintheUnitedSlalus

C、hasalreadybeensolvedintheUnitedStates

D^isstronglyopposedbymanydifferentracesintheUnitedStates

標準答案：A

知識點解析：由文章第三段第一句"OneproblemtheUnitedStateshasalwayshadis

discrimination."和第五句"Almosteverygrouphasbeenabletoeventuallyescapethis

discrimination.”可知A正確。

4、ThemainreasonwhytheIndiansaremostdiscriminatedagainstisthat.

theyhavetriedhardtokeeptheirreligious

B、theyhavetriedhardtolivetogethertokeeptheirIndiancustoms

C、theyaretheonlyoneswhotriedtokeeptheiridentity

D、theydiscriminatemanyotherraces

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第四段第一句說到"OnereasontheIndiansarediscriminatedagainst

isthattheyhavetriedsohardtokeeptheiridentity.”這里的keeptheiridentity與B中

的keeptheirIndiancustoms屬同義替換。

5、TheDutchliveseparatelyinPennsylvania.

A、toescapediscrimination

B、toenjoythemselvesintheirowntowns

C、tokeeptogetherinaracialgroup

D、forreligiousreasons

標準答案：D

知識點解析：第四段結尾說到“Theyliveseparatelyforreligiousreasonsratherthan

keepingtogetherinaracialgroup…”。因此D正確。

Foryears,theTobaccoInstitutehastriedunsuccessfullytorefute（反駁）thechargeby

healthexpertsthatcigarettesmokingcanbedangeroustoyourhealth.Nowtheinstitute

hastakenanewtack（彳亍動方針）.Inanadvertisingcampaignlastfall,theindustrytrade

associationignoredhealthquestionsandstressedthatnotsmokingcouldbedangerousto

thelocaleconomy."Tobaccomeans$1,193,000,000toVirginia,*'trumpetedone

advertisement,"VirginiatobaccohelpspaveVirginiasocialprograms.Tobaccomeans

90,000Virginiajobs."Themessagewasrepeatedwiththeappropriatedollarfiguresin

sixothertobaccostates.ThestatisticsarebasedonastudybytheUniversityof

Pennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,whichcalculatesthat,overall',theU.S.tobaccoindustry

generates$30millioninwagesandearnings,$15.5billionincapitalinvestmentand

$22billionintaxrevenueeachyear."Ifyoulookattheeconomiccontributiontobacco

makestoAmerica/1saysEdwardHorrigan,Jr.,ChairmanofR.JReynoldsTobaccoCo.,

"thereisnoreasonforustobeashamedofthebusinesswearein."TheAmericanCancer

Societydisagrees.WhileVirginiaiscollectingits$1.2billionintobaccorevenuethis

year,theSocietysaid2,900ofitscitizenswillbevictimsoflungcancer.Thousands

more,thesocietycouldhaveadded,willbevictimsofotherdiseasesstronglyassociated

withsmoking.AndtheU.S.SurgeonGeneralestimatesthedirectdollarcostsoftreating

smoking-relatedillnessesnationallyatmorethan$13billionayear-nottomention

another$25billioninlostwagesandproductivity.

6、OnwhatgrounddidtheTobaccoInstitutearguewithhealthexperts?

A、Theyareunwillingtopaymoretax.

B、Cigarettesmokingcannotbedangeroustohealth.

C、Mostpeoplecannotgetridofsmokinghabit.

D、Muchofthegovernment'srevenuecomesfromtobaccotax.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文章第一段第三句中說到“…theindustrytradeassociationignored

healthquestionsandstressedthatnotsmokingcouldbedangeroustothelocal

economy.”再由下文的講解和數據可知吸煙為美國經濟作出了巨大貢獻。A、B、

C三項都不符合文意，只有D項較為符合。故選D。

7、TheTobaccoInstitutehastakenanewtacktorefutethechargeby.

A、advertising

trumpeting

C^thehelpoftheindustrytradeassociation

D、supportingVirginiasocialprograms

標準答案：A

知識點解析：由第一段第二、三句"Nowtheinstitutehastakenanewtack（行動方

針）.Inanadvertisingcampaignlastfhll…''可知A正確。

8、"Tobaccomeans$1,193,000,000toVirginia."Thisimpliesthat.

A、Virginiawillproduce$1,193,000,000tobacco

B、tobaccoisworth$1,193,000,000inVirginia

C、Virginiawillcollect$1,193,000,000intobaccorevenue

D、thetaxontobaccoinVirginiaishigh

標準答案：C

知識點解析:此句話后面有“VirginiatobaccohelpspaveVirginiasocial

programs.Tobaccomeans90,000Virginiajobs.“另外第三段第二句又說到“While

Virginiaiscollectingits$l.2billionintobaccorevenue…''可推知C是正確答案。

9、WhydoesEdwardHorrigan,Jr.say"thereisnoreasonforustobeashamedofthe

businesswearein"?

A、Becausehethinksthattobaccoisnotharmfultohealth.

BecausehethinksthattobaccomakesagreatcontributiontotheAmericaneconomy.

C^BecausehethinksthattobaccodoesmuchdamagetotheAmericaneconomy.

D、BecausehethinksthattobaccoisessentialtomanyAmericans.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第二段結尾說到“Ifyoulookattheeconomiccontributiontobacco

makestoAmerica,^saysEdwardHorrigan,Jr.,ChairmanofR.JReynolds

TobaccoCo..uthereisnoreasonfbrustobeashamedofthebusinesswearein.“可

知文中economiccontribution是原因。故選B。

10、TheU.S.Government'sannualtobaccorevenueis.

A^$1.2billion

B、$15.5billion

C、$22billion

D、$30billion

標準答案：C

知識點解析：根據文章第二段第一句“…and$22billionintaxrevenueeachyear."可

知C是止確答案。

Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsof

thousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasesforthedecisionswemakeandtherootsof