2025高考英語(yǔ)大二輪專題強(qiáng)化練高考題型組合練作業(yè)40四選一閱讀＋完形填空＋語(yǔ)法填空作業(yè)40四選一閱讀＋完形填空＋語(yǔ)法填空(分值：40分)Ⅰ.四選一閱讀(每小題2.5分，滿分10分)(2024·江蘇連云港二模)LikemanyoftheIndigenous(土著的)communitiesacrosstheAustraliancontinent，theremotecommunitiesinnorth-westNewSouthWalesarestruggling.Manyofthe300orsoresidentsrelyonwelfare.Higherelectricitybills—upto$3,000aquarterforsomehouseholds—furtherworsenthepoverty.They’realwaysattheendofthepowerline，sotheservicethatisthereisquiteextraordinaryintermsofcost.It’sarealproblemthatneedstobefixed.Tothatend，AndersonandotherIndigenousleadershaveformedtheFirstNationsRenewableEnergyAlliance(FREA)topushforrenewableenergyinIndigenouscommunities.TheypartnerwithprivateenterprisestosupportIndigenouscommunitieslookingtoswitchtorenewableenergy.“Wecanbuildapowerstationwherethecommunityexists，”Andersonsays，“sopeopleareabletosuccessfullyliveintheenvironmentthewaytheywanttoliveandhaveaccesstopowerwhichenablesthemtobetterdeterminetheireconomicfuture.”O(jiān)nlyahandfulofIndigenouscommunitieshavesetuprenewableenergyprojectsinAustralia.TheIndigenous-ownedand-operatedcompanyAllGridEnergy，forinstance，hasinstalledsolarpanelsandbatterystoragesystemstoreplacediesel(柴油)generatorsinthecommunitiesofNgurraraandKurnturlparaintheNorthernTerritory’sBarklyTableland.WithintwomonthsofthesystembeinginstalledinMay2016，peopleweremovingbacktotheirhomelands，thecommunitiesgrowingfromjusttwopermanentresidentstoabout40.ButFREAwillgoonestepfurther，workingwithcommunityleadersandactingasaconduit(紐帶)betweenthecommunitiesandthebusinessestheyaredealingwith.Thisisessential，saysAnderson，toavoidpredatory(吞并)practicestheyhaveseeninthepast，withcompanies“playingonthepsychologyofpoverty”togainadvantage.TheFREAhasdraftedtermsofagreementsthatwillguidehowcompaniesengagewithIndigenouscommunitiesforrenewableenergyprojects.OneofthenextstepsforFREAwillbetoidentifyacommunitythatcanactasatestcaseforarenewablesproject.“Ourexperienceisthatifwecanmakeitworkforonecommunity，itwillworkineveryothercommunity，”Andersonsays.1．WhatisFREAexpectedtodofortheremoteIndigenouscommunities?A．Increasepowersupplytothem.B．Helpthemreturntotheirhomelands.C．Shakethemoffpoverty.D．Reducetheirhigherpowercosts.2．WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningAllGridEnergy?A．Renewablesprojectsareinaccessible.B．Renewablesprojectsarequiteworkable.C．Renewablesprojectscanincreaselocals’income.D．Renewablesprojectscancoexistwithdieselpowerplants.3．What’sparagraph5mainlyaboutconcerningFREA?A．Itsstrategiestowinoverthebusinesses.B．Itscooperationwithcommunityleaders.C．Itspotentialconflictwithenergycompanies.D．Itsinnovationindirectingrenewablesprojects.4．What’sFREAgoingtodonext?A．Consulttheexperts.B．Selectapilotcommunity.C．Collectsufficientconstructionfund.D．Makerenewablesprojectsavailabletoall.Ⅱ.完形填空(每小題1分，滿分15分)(2024·浙江臺(tái)州二模)KwaneStewart，adevotedvet(獸醫(yī))inSanDiego，hadreachedapointofburnoutinhiscareer.Theanimal1whereheworkedwasfullofabandonedpetsaspeople2todealwiththeongoingeconomicdecline.Inthosedays，animalswouldbeeuthanized(安樂死)iftheyweren’t3insevendays.ThecruelrealitydeeplytroubledStewart，evenleadinghimtoconsider4hisprofession.Onefatefulday，outsideaconveniencestore，he5ahomelessmanwithadogsufferingfromavisibleskinissue.Theman,6forasolution，sharedhisdog’ssuffering.Stewartexaminedthedogandthen7somemedicinetohim.Intears，themanthankedStewart，saying“Thankyoufornot8me”．Theverywordsservedasawake-upcalltoStewartandinspiredhisnext9.Stewartbeganworkingasastreetvetduringhisfreetime，determinedto10onhisown.Overanine-yearperiod，heprovided11medicalcareforover1,000homelesspeopleandtheirpetsandin2020，hecreatedanonprofitorganizationProjectStreetVet.ForStewart，themostrewardingaspectofhisworkliesintheone-on-one12withthehomeless.By13helpingtheircherishedcompanion，Stewarthelps14theirfaithinhumanity.Theirgratitudefuelshimtocontinuehismission，offering15tothosefacingawfulcircumstances.1．A.shop B．shelterC．lab D．farm2．A.struggled B．managedC．intended D．hesitated3．A.trained B．examinedC．a(chǎn)dopted D．selected4．A.assessing B．a(chǎn)dvancingC．delaying D．quitting5．A.mentioned B．interviewedC．recognized D．encountered6．A.regretful B．desperateC．grateful D．responsible7．A.delivered B．soldC．offered D．returned8．A.ignoring B．hurtingC．blaming D．bothering9．A.game B．chapterC．firm D．research10．A.haveatry B．keepabalanceC．makeadifference D．setanexample11．A.free B．safeC．expensive D．private12．A.decisions B．connectionsC．discussions D．competitions13．A.slightly B．hardlyC．simply D．generally14．A.celebrate B．followC．test D．restore15．A.hope B．freedomC．pride D．respectⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空(每小題1.5分，滿分15分)(2024·河北唐山一模)Featuringadynamicdesign，thehorse-faceskirtiswidelypreferredbyfansoftraditionalclothinginChina.Exploringways1.(promote)theculture，theyprefertoweartraditionalclothingwhentakingpartinculturalactivitiesandsharethebeautyontheInternet.Thehorse-faceskirt2.(originate)intheSongDynastyandgrewpopularduringtheMingDynastyduetoitsfunctionalityandartisticstyle.Itis3.(traditional)composedoftwoidenticaloverlapping(部分重疊)panels4.(wrap)aroundtheleftandrightsideofthelowerbody.Eachpaneliscomposedofalargerectangular(長(zhǎng)方形的)paneloffabric，asidepiecemadeupofseveralsmallerpanelsandanotherrectangularpanel5.(narrow)thanthefirst.Attachedtoawaistbandbyties，thetwosidesoverlapeachothersothatoneofthelargestraightpanelsoneachpieceisinthefrontandbackoftheskirt.Thisoverlappingnatureleavesopeningsinthefrontandbackoftheskirt，making6.verysuitableforhorse-riding.Whilemaintainingtheessentialdesign7.(element)ofthehorse-faceskirt，moderndesignerschangeitsoutline，length，ordetailingtomatchcurrentfashiontrends，appealing8.abroaderaudienceforusualdaywearorformaleveningfashions.“Thiskindofskirtshowsthegrand9.(elegant)thatisadmiredinChineseculture.Knowing10.wecomefrom，wecanthenbeclearaboutwherewearegoing，”Daben，aChinesevlogger，toldtheGlobalTimes.答案精析Ⅰ.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了FREA組織助力澳大利亞的土著社區(qū)推動(dòng)建立可再生能源項(xiàng)目，并起草協(xié)議條款以避免企業(yè)利用貧困獲利。1．D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Higherelectricitybills—upto$3,000aquarterforsomehouseholds—furtherworsenthepoverty.They’realwaysattheendofthepowerline，sotheservicethatisthereisquiteextraordinaryintermsofcost.It’sarealproblemthatneedstobefixed.”以及第二段首句可知，F(xiàn)REA被期望為偏遠(yuǎn)的土著社區(qū)降低他們較高的電力成本。故選D。]2．B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“AllGridEnergy...hasinstalledsolarpanelsandbatterystoragesystemsto...Withintwomonthsofthesystem...thecommunitiesgrowingfromjusttwopermanentresidentstoabout40.”可推知，作者提到AllGridEnergy是為了說(shuō)明可再生能源項(xiàng)目相當(dāng)可行。故選B。]3．D[段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段“ButFREAwillgoonestepfurther...TheFREAhasdraftedtermsofagreementsthatwillguidehowcompanies...forrenewableenergyprojects.”可知，本段談?wù)摰闹饕獌?nèi)容是FREA在指導(dǎo)可再生能源項(xiàng)目方面的新方法。故選D。]4．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“OneofthenextstepsforFREAwillbetoidentifyacommunitythatcanactasatestcaseforarenewablesproject.”可知，F(xiàn)REA下一步將會(huì)選擇一個(gè)試點(diǎn)社區(qū)。故選B。]Ⅱ.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了圣地亞哥的一位敬業(yè)的獸醫(yī)夸恩·斯圖爾特的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷和個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)。1．B[根據(jù)前文“KwaneStewart，adevotedvet(獸醫(yī))inSanDiego”以及后文“wasfullofabandonedpets”可知，斯圖爾特在動(dòng)物收容所工作。故選B。]2．A[根據(jù)前文提到動(dòng)物收容所里滿是被遺棄的寵物并結(jié)合后文“dealwiththeongoingeconomicdecline”可知，人們難以應(yīng)對(duì)持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。故選A。]3．C[根據(jù)前文提到動(dòng)物收容所里滿是被遺棄的寵物以及“Inthosedays，animalswouldbeeuthanized(安樂死)”可知，如果動(dòng)物在7天內(nèi)沒有被收養(yǎng)，就會(huì)被安樂死。故選C。]4．D[根據(jù)前文“ThecruelrealitydeeplytroubledStewart”以及后文“hisprofession”可知，這一殘酷的現(xiàn)實(shí)深深困擾著斯圖爾特，甚至令他考慮辭職。故選D。]5．D[根據(jù)前文“Onefatefulday，outsideaconveniencestore”可知，他是在一家便利店外面偶然碰到一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人。故選D。]6．B[根據(jù)前文提到這個(gè)人的狗患有皮膚問(wèn)題以及后文“forasolution，sharedhisdog’ssuffering”可知，他應(yīng)是渴望找到一個(gè)解決辦法。故選B。]7．C[根據(jù)前文“Stewartexaminedthedog”以及后文“somemedicinetohim”“Intears，themanthankedStewart”可知，應(yīng)是斯圖爾特檢查了狗，然后主動(dòng)給了那個(gè)男人一些藥。故選C。]8．A[根據(jù)前文“Onefatefulday，outsideaconveniencestore，heahomelessmanwithadogsufferingfromavisibleskinissue.”可知，男人是一個(gè)流浪漢，所以在得到幫助后應(yīng)是感謝斯圖爾特沒有忽視他。故選A。]9．B[根據(jù)后文“Stewartbeganworkingasastreetvetduringhisfreetime”可知，斯圖爾特在空閑時(shí)間開始做街頭獸醫(yī)，所以是流浪漢說(shuō)的話激發(fā)了他開啟人生的新篇章。故選B。]10．C[haveatry試試；keepabalance保持平衡；makeadifference有影響；setanexample樹立榜樣。根據(jù)前文“Stewartbeganworkingasastreetvetduringhisfreetime”以及后文“heprovided...in2020，hecreatedanonprofit...Vet”可知，斯圖爾特決心發(fā)揮自己的作用。故選C。]11．A[根據(jù)后文“in2020，hecreatedanonprofitorganizationProjectStreetVet”可知，斯圖爾特成立了非營(yíng)利組織，所以應(yīng)是他提供免費(fèi)醫(yī)療服務(wù)。故選A。]12．B[根據(jù)后文“Theirgratitudefuelshimtocontinuehismission，offeringtothosefacingawfulcircumstances.”可知，此處指他與無(wú)家可歸者一對(duì)一的聯(lián)系。故選B。]13．C[根據(jù)前文“Overanine-yearperiod，heprovidedmedicalcareforover1,000homelesspeopleandtheirpets”以及后文“theirfaithinhumanity”可知，此處由幫助無(wú)家可歸者的寵物上升到他們對(duì)人性的信心，所以應(yīng)是通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單地幫助他們珍愛的同伴。故選C。]14．D[根據(jù)后文“theirfaithinhumanity”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)是“幫助他們恢復(fù)了對(duì)人性的信心”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。]15．A[根據(jù)前文“Stewarthelpstheirfaithinhumanity”可知，斯圖爾特幫助無(wú)家可歸者恢復(fù)了對(duì)人性的信心，結(jié)合他成立非營(yíng)利性組織等舉動(dòng)，此處表示為那些面臨惡劣環(huán)境的人帶來(lái)希望。故選A。]Ⅲ.1.topromote2.originated3.traditionally4.wrapped5．narrower6.it7.elements8.to9.elegance10．where作業(yè)41應(yīng)用文寫作＋讀后續(xù)寫Ⅰ.應(yīng)用文寫作(發(fā)言稿)(滿分15分)(2024·湖北武漢一模)假如你是某中學(xué)學(xué)生會(huì)的主席李華，你們學(xué)校將接待來(lái)自美國(guó)一所中學(xué)的訪問(wèn)代表團(tuán)，你將代表學(xué)生會(huì)在歡迎會(huì)上發(fā)言。請(qǐng)你寫一篇發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下：1．表示歡迎；2.表達(dá)對(duì)兩校交流的期待；3.祝愿訪問(wèn)成功。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Dearfriends，Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分)(2024·江蘇南京一模)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。InthetownofGreenfield，agroupofthreeadventurousspirits—Jack，Simon，andLucas—haddiscoveredanancientmapinJack’sgrandfather’shouse.Themap，yellowedwithage，describedamysteriousislandthathadthelegendary(傳說(shuō)的)SilverFalcon，astatuethatwassaidtoawarditsfinderenormouswisdomandfortune.Astypicaleighthgraderswiththeexcitementofdiscoveryanddreamsofgreatness，theydecidedtheywouldbetheonestodiscoverthishiddentreasure.Theyagreedtostartthissearchduringtheupcomingspringbreak，keepingtheirplanssecretfromtheadultswhowouldundoubtedlydiscouragesuchadangerousadventure.Thedaysthatfollowedwerefilledwithpreparation.Theyreadbooksonsurvival，learnedaboutthestarsfornavigation，andtestedtheircourageinsmallerwoods.Theboyswereunitedbytheirunshakableresolveandthepromiseofanadventurethatcouldchangetheirlivesforever.Asspringbreakbegan，theysetoutjustasthesunpaintedtheskywithcolorsoforangeandgold.Theyfeltamixtureofexcitementandslightnervousness.Theycarriedbackpacksfilledwithsuppliesandtheancientmapthattheyhopedwouldleadthemtoglory.Thebeginningoftheirjourneywasfulloflaughterandsongsaroundthecampfire，butasdayspassed，thetrip’srealitysetin.Thepathgrewmoredangerous，andthemapsguidedthemthroughthickwoodsandmuddywetlands.Theylearnedtoworktogetherastheirfriendshipwastestedbyconstantchallenges.Slowly，theislanddrewnearer.AconflictarosewhentheyreachedthefootofMountVeritas，thefinalbarrierbeforereachingtheisland.Lucastwistedhisankle，andtheslightestmovementsentsharppainsshootingthroughhisleg.Withtimerunningout，JackandSimonhadtomakeachoice：shouldtheypushonandriskLucas’well-beingorturnbackaftercomingsofar?注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右。Atcrossroads，JackandSimonexchangedknowingglances.WhenreachingtheSilverFalcon，thethreeboysfoundnofortunethereatall.答案精析Ⅰ.參考范文Dearfriends，Onbehalfofourstudentcouncil，IwouldliketoextendawarmwelcometothevisitingdelegationfromtheUnitedStates!Wearemorethandelightedtohaveyouhereandareexcitedabouttheopportunityforculturalexchangebetweenourtwoschools，whichisgreatlymeaningfultoallofus.Thisvisitpresentsawonderfulchanceforustolearnfromeachother，asweshareouruniqueperspectivesandexperiences.Wedohopethatthroughthisinteraction，notonlycanwebroadenourhorizonsbutalsodeepenourunderstandingofdifferentculturesandeducationalsystems.Wegenuinelybelievethatthisvisitwillbeagreatsuccessandthatitwillcreatelastingfriendshipsbetweenourstudents.Letusseizethisopportunitytobuildbridgesofunderstandingandcooperation，asweworktowardsabrighterandmoreconnectedglobalcommunity.Ⅱ.參考范文Atcrossroads，JackandSimonexchangedknowingglances.Theyrealizedtheycouldn’tleaveLucasbehindandthatthestatuecouldwait，buttheirfriendshipcouldnot.Withgreatdeterminationandstrengthenedbonds，theyconstructedamakeshiftstretcherandcarriedLucasthroughthelastlegoftheirjourney.Astheyreachedthetopofthelasthill，theislandrevealeditselfinallitsglory.Itwasmoreimpressivethantheycouldhaveeverimagined.TheSilverFalconstoodinthecenter，itswingsshininginthesunlight.WhenreachingtheSilverFalcon，thethreeboysfoundnofortunethereatall.Atthattime，theyrealizedthetruetreasureoftheirjourney.Itwasn’taboutthewisdomorfortunetheSilverFalconcouldbring—itwasaboutthememoriestheyhadcreatedtogetherandthelessonstheylearnedalongtheway.Inanunexpectedturn，theSilverFalconseemedtoacknowledgetheirgrowth.Astheystoodbeforeit，itseyesshonebrightly，andtheforestaroundthemcamealivewiththesongsofbirdsandrustlingofleaves.Asoftvoicefilledtheclearing，congratulatingthemontheirbraveryandunity.作業(yè)42四選一閱讀＋七選五閱讀Ⅰ.四選一閱讀(每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)A(2024·湖北武昌區(qū)高三期末)TheSelf-PortraitChallengeHaveyoueverdoneaself-portraitinanartlessonatschool？Today，we’rechallengingyoutowriteself-portraitpoems.It’snotuncommontofeellikethewaypeopleseeyouontheoutsidedoesn’tquitematchupwithhowyoufeelontheinside.Socreatingaself-portraitcanbeagoodopportunitytoaddressthosedifferencesandpresenttherealest，truestversionofyourself.Yourchallengeistocreateaself-portraitinlines，usingwordsinsteadofpaint.Readonforsomemoreinspiration.WritingTips·Haveagoatwritingalistofmetaphorsexploringyourphysicalappearance，startingfromyourheadandworkingyourwaydowntowardsyourfeet.·Insteadofrepresentingyourselfdirectly，takeonanothercharacter，suchasafictionalcharacter，ahistoricalfigure，orevenadifferentversionofyourself.·Playaroundwithpersonification，bytakingonthevoiceofaphysicalobjectinyourpoem.Thinkaboutwhataself-portraitfromthepointofviewofamirror，orabowlofyourfavouritefoodwouldlooklike?HowtoEnterThischallengeisforwritersagedupto25basedanywhereintheworld.Thedeadlineis23：59GMT,17March2024.Youcansendapoem，orpoems，writtendown，orasvideooraudiofiles.WeareusingSubmittabletoacceptsubmissionstothischallenge.YouwillneedtomakeafreeSubmittableaccounttosubmitinthisway.UsingSubmittablehelpsourteamtoadministrateandprocessentriesmorequickly.SelectedpoetswillbepublishedonYoungPoetsNetwork.1．WhatdoestheSelf-portraitChallengeencourageparticipantstodo?A．Exploretrueselves.B．Conveypositiveemotions.C．Illustratepersonalprofiles.D．Comparedifferentpersonalities.2．Whatissuggestedtobetterhandlethechallenge?A．Usingsimplelanguage.B．Presentingyourselfdirectly.C．Takingadifferentpointofview.D．Focusingonphysicalappearance.3．Whatis“Submittable”likelytobe?A．Awritingtool.B．Asearchengine.C．Anemailaccount.D．Anonlineplatform.B(2024·湖南二模)Atjust17，LaurenSchroederhasalreadymadeasignificantimpactonhercommunity.Hervoyagebeganat14，volunteeringatafoodshelter.Whilepackingboxeswithcannedgoodsforneedyfamilies，Laurendetectedasubstantialshortage：freshvegetables.Thisobservationsparkedanideathatsoongrewintoacommunity-wideinitiative.Laurenpicturedtransformingpartofherfamily’s150-acrefarmintoagardencommittedtogrowingproduceforlocalfamilies.Herproposalwasmetwithahintofconcernfromhermother，KatieSchroeder.Whilesupportive，shealsoforesawtheextensivelaborinvolved.Despitetheagriculturalbackground—herfamilytypicallyplantedsoybeansandcorn—vegetablecultivationwasanovelpursuit.Nevertheless，Laurenwaseagertotacklethenutritionaldeficiencyshehaduncovered.Thehardworkbeganinearnest.Notdiscouragedbypotentialobstacles，Laurendivedintoresearchtobeaseasonedvegetablecultivatorandsecuredagrant(撥款)fromtheNationalFFAOrganizationtocoverinitialcosts.Subsequently，shespenttwotothreehoursdailywateringhercropsbyhandthroughthehotIowasummers，sandwichingthiscommitmentbetweensoftballpractices.Furthermore，shecarefullytendedtohergarden，combatingweedsandharvestingcrops，withgreenbeansprovingparticularlychallenging.Eventually，withassistancefromheryoungerbrothersandsisters，Lauren’shalf-acregardenproduced15varietiesofvegetables.Initsfirstyear，thegardengenerated40poundsofproduce，benefitingfoodbanks，nursinghomes，andsoupkitchens.Motivatedbytheearlyachievements，Laurendoubledthegarden’ssize.Todate，shehasdonatedover7,000poundsofproduce，valuedatapproximately$15,000，commandingcommunityrespect.Herworkhasfoundadeepechoamongothers，notablyamotherfromalocalshelterwhowasgratefulforthefreshfoodthatremindedherchildrenofhome.Lauren’sinspirationisstraightforwardyetdeep-seated.“Iwantedtohavesomethingthatwouldimpactpeople，”shetoldKWQC.Heractionsdemonstrateherbeliefinthepowerofcommunityandthejoyobtainedfromhelpingothers—afeelingthatwillundoubtedlyshapeherfutureinitiatives.4．WhydidLaureninitiatethecommunitygarden?A．Topursueanewhobby.B．Toexploreplantcultivation.C．Tofillafoodshelter’svegetablegap.D．Togainrecognitioninhercommunity.5．HowdidLaurenovercomeherlackofexperienceinvegetablefarming?A．Bydoingtrialanderror.B．Byconductingthoroughresearch.C．Byengaginginfundraisingactivities.D．Bymaintainingconsistenthardwork.6．WhatdoweknowaboutLaurenintheinitialprocessofvegetablecultivation?A．Shewaspassionateanddetermined.B．Shewasinexperiencedbutcreative.C．Shewasobservantandpopular.D．Shewasconcernedbuthard-working.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．GardentoTable：aSoloEffortB．LocalGarden：HopefortheGlobeC．HarvestingHope：CommunityGrowthD．FarmingFundamentals：aTeen’sJourneyC(2024·廣東梅州二模)Newfindingssuggestthatwhenitcomestolearning，thesnakemaybequiteabitlikehumans.DavidHoltzman，ascientistattheUniversityofRochester，hasfoundthatsnakeshaveamuchgreatercapacityforlearningthanearlierstudieshadindicated.Holtzman’sstudychallenged24snakestoescapefromablackplasticcontainerthesizeofachild’spool.Cardsmountedonthecontainer’swallsandtapeonitsfloorprovidedthesnakeswithvisualandtouchablesignalstofindtheirgoal：holesinthecontainer’sbottomthatofferadark，comfortablespottohide.Simplyfallingintoaholeisn’ttheonlyproofthatthesnakesarelearningsomething，though.“Speedtofindthatgoalisoneofthemeasureswhichshowsthey’relearning，”Holtzmansays.“Onaverage，theytakeover700secondstofindthecorrectholeonthefirstdayoftraining，andthengodowntoabout400secondsbythefourthdayoftraining.Someareactuallyveryfastandfinditinlessthan30seconds.”Studiesdatingbacktothe1950sinterpretedsnakes’awkwardnesswithmazes(迷宮)asapoorreflectionontheirintelligence.“Earlyattemptstostudysnakeintelligencewereproblematicbecausethestudiesusedmazesastestingarenas(場(chǎng)地)—asthoughsnakesmightbeexpectedtorunthroughmazesinthesamewaymicerunthroughmazes，”saysPeterKareiva，aprofessorofzoology.“Snakesdonotencounteranythinglikemazesinnature，andtheydonotlearnhowtorunmazesinlaboratoryconditions.”Holtzmanalsofoundafewage-baseddifferencesinthesignalsthesnakesuse.Youngsnakesappeartobemoreadaptableandresourceful，usingavarietyofcluestofindtheirwaytotheexit.Buttheireldersseemtorelymuchmoreheavilyonvisualclues.“Actually，oneoftheamazingfindingsfromourstudiesisthatsnakesdousevisioninlocatingplaces，”saysHoltzman.“Theydon’tjustrelyonthechemicalcluespickedupbystickingtheirtonguesout，asmanysnakebiologistsassume.”8．Whatisthefunctionofthecardsandtape?A．Todirectthesnakestotheexits.B．Toprotectthesnakesfrombrightlights.C．Tocovertheholesatthecontainer’sbottom.D．Tomakethecontaineracomfortablespottostay.9．Whatdothedatainparagraph3showaboutthesnakesaccordingtoHoltzman?A．Theyareskillfulescapees.B．Theyaregoodlearners.C．Theycommunicatewitheachother.D．Theyadapttoenvironmentsquickly.10．Whatwastheproblemwithearlyattemptstostudysnakeintelligence?A．Theychosethewrongtestingarenas.B．Theyfailedtodotestsinlaboratoryconditions.C．Theyreferredtostudiesdatingbacktothe1950s.D．Theycomparedsnakeswithadifferentkindofanimal.11．WhatastonishesHoltzmanaboutsnakes?A．Theyrelyonsighttofindtheirway.B．Theyleavechemicalclueseverywhere.C．Theyoungbeattheireldersinmanyways.D．Theirtonguesareunabletorecognizechemicalclues.D(2024·河北保定一模)Politicians，businessbosses，andothertypesofleadersindeedtendtolikespeakingwiththeirhands，butdoesthehabitinfluencehowothersinterpretthosewords?Togettothebottomofit，ateamofresearchersfromtheMaxPlanckInstituteforPsycholinguisticsconductedaseriesofexperimentsonvolunteerswhoviewedvideosofpeoplespeakingwithandwithouthandmovements.Aftershowingthevolunteersvideosofpeoplespeakingunderdifferentconditions，theresearchersaskedthemquestionsaboutwhattheyhadheard.Someconditionsinvolvedthespeakerstressingdifferentpartsofwordsinasentence.Otherconditionsinvolvedthespeakermakingvarioustypesofhandgestures，suchaspointingandsweepingmovements.Theteamrecordedthevolunteersastheyviewedthevideorecordings，questioningthevolunteersafterwardaboutwhattheyhadseenandheard.Researchersfoundthatthevolunteersweremoreaffectedbysyllables(音節(jié))spokenwiththeconjunctionofhandgestures：In20percentofthecases，theviewersweremorelikelytohaveheardandinterpretedthewordspokenwithahandgesture.Interestingly，however，volunteerswere40percentmorelikelytohearthewrongsoundwhenamismatchbetweenthewordspokenandthehandgestureoccurred.BodylanguageexpertCarolGomansaid，“Studieshavefoundthatspeakingwithyourhandsreallycanchangetheviewofyourcharacter.Peoplewhocommunicatethroughactivegesturingtendtobeconsideredwarm，agreeable，andenergetic，whilethosewhoremainstillareseenaslogical，cold，andanalytic.Infact，a2015studythatstudiedTEDTalks，whichpostsinternationaltalksonline，foundthatthemostpopularspeakersusednearlytwiceasmanygesturesastheleastpopularspeakersused.”Theresearchteamsaidthattheirfindingssuggestthathandgesturesareanimportantpartofin-personcommunicationthathaveadirectimpactonwhatthelistenerhears.Furthermore，theysuggestthatourresponsestohandgesturesmaybesomethingwelearnaswegrowup.12．What’stheresearchers’purposeofdoingtheexperiments?A．Toexaminethevolunteers’interpretingskills.B．Totesttheimpacthandgestureshaveontheeffectivenessofspeaking.C．Torecordthevolunteers’questionsforthespeaker.D．Toconfirmtheinfluencehandmovementshaveonleaders.13．Whatdidtheresearchersfindintheexperiments?A．Handmovementsaffectedwhatthelistenerheard.B．Thespeakerstresseddifferentpartsofwordsinasentence.C．Peoplespokewithdifferentkindsofhandgestures.D．Themostpopularspeakersusedmoregesturesthantheleastpopularspeakersdid.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conjunction”meaninparagraph3?A．Assistance. B．Combination.C．Disturbance. D．Interpretation.15．Whatmaytheresearchersagreewith?A．Gesturescaninfluenceothers’viewonone’spersonality.B．Understandinggesturesisamustineverylanguage.C．In-personcommunicationhelpsinterpretgestures.D．Responsestogesturesarelearningbehavior.Ⅱ.七選五閱讀(每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)(2024·浙江杭州二模)It’snosecretthatreadinggoodnewsfeelsalotbetterthanreadingbadnews.Like，wouldyouratherbiteintoalemon，orsiponafreshglassoflemonade