2022.2023學年湖南省長沙一中高三（上）月考英語試卷（四）

Children'sLiterature-ResearchTips：FindingInformationonAuthors

Yourauthorstudyrequiresyoutowrite,inatleast3pages,asummaryofwhattheauthorhaswritten,

howtheworkshavebeenreceived,whatawardstheauthorhasbeengiven,aswellasanyconnectionsyou

havemadebyreadingmuchoftheauthor'spublishedbooks.

Belowisalistofplacestofindsuchinformation.Youwillhavemostsuccesswiththeitems,ifyoulook

atthemintheordertheyarclisted.

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Providesbiographicalinformation,summariesofworks,bookreviews,andliterarycriticism.Onceyou

havecompletedyoursearch,besuretolookatallthetabs(標簽)thataredisplayed.Youcanalso

change/narrowyoursearchbyusingthelinksontheleftsideofthescreen.

■

YoumayfindmanyofthesameresourcesinthisdatabaseasyoufoundinLiteratureResourceCenter.The

twodatabasesareproducedbythesamecompany.However,(hereisenoughdifferentinformationthatil

isworthchecking.

Again,enteryourauthor'sname,lastnamefirst,likethis：Erdrich,Louise.

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Searchbyyourauthor'sname*lastnamefirst,likethis：crdrich,louisc.

Theresultswillbepresentedwithtabsacrossthe(op.Selectthe"Biographies"lab.

1.Whyistheaboveinformationgiven?

A.Tohelpreadersleamsomewritingskills.

B.Tohelpreadersknowmoreaboutawriter.

C.Tohelpreaderscollectalltheworksofacertainwriter.

D.Tohelpreadersknowpeople'sreviewsaboutaliterarywork.

2.WhatcanwcdoatLiteratureResourceCenter?

A.Writebookreviews.

B.Downloadliteraryworks.

C.Findmasterpiecesofartists.

D.Learnaboutthesummaryofabook.

3.Whereistheaboveinformationfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Sciencefiction.

C.Awehpage.D.Aresearchpaper.

HoursbeforethesunrisesoverVan,acityinthefareastofTurkey,preparationsarealreadyundenvay

forthemostimportantmealoftheday.By5a.ni.?thescentofoven-hotflatbreadandfreshTurkishtea

hasbeenwafting（飄蕩）acrossKahvalticilarQar§isi-Van'sfamous"BreakfastStreet".

"Thereisnothingexceptbreakfastduringthedayhere,"saysKenanCoskun,who,alongwithhisbrother,

runsSlitgiKenan,oneoftheoldestbreakfastjointsinthecity.Thebreakfastcancontainupto30different

dishes,andoftenhasaheavyemphasisontheprizeddairyproducefromnearbylivestock.

TheoriginsofVan'sbreakfastculturearethesubjectofdebate.AccordingtoAylinOneyTan,oneof

Turkey'sleadingfoodwriters,itemergedinthemid-20thcenturyasfarmersfromthenearbyvillages

wouldbringtheirproducetothecity'sbusstationsearlyinthemorningfbrsale.OtherspointtoVan's

locationontheSilkRoad>anancienttraderoutelinkingtheWesternworldwiththeMiddleEastandAsia

thatwouldhavesuppliedaconstantflowofhungrytravelers.

ButlocalssaythemoremodernhistoryofVanbreakfastcancertainlybelinkedtothedevelopmentof

so-called“milkhouses"-whichwouldserveearlymorningmealsofmilk，cheeseandbreadtothosedoing

physicalworknearby-inthel940s.Su（?iiKenan,whichtranslatesinTurkishas"MilkmanKenan",was

itselfbpenedbyCoskun'sgreat-grandfatherKenanasamilkhousein1946.

AwayfromBreakfastStreet,BakHeleBak,whichwasfoundedin1975,isanotherrestaurantinthe

oldtraditionofmilkhouses."Oursisaplacecomingfrommilkhouseculture,"saysYusufKonak,the

talkative67-ycar-oldowncr."Wchaveallkindsofcustomersfromages7to70.1sVanthebreakfastcapital

oftheworld?Definitely!"

Thatmightseemlikealofty（高傲的）claim,butVanhasitsplaceintherecordbookstothestatement.In

2014,morethan50,000peoplegatheredatrowsandrowsoftablesinfrontoftheVanFortress,which

wasbuiltinthe9（hcentury,tobreaktheGuinnessWorldRecordforthe"largestfullbreakfast

attendance".

4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?

A.Bytellingastory.B.Bydescribingascene.

C.Byansweringaquestion.D.Byexplainingaphenomenon.

5.Wha（isstilluncenainaccordingiothetext?

A.WhenSlitgiiKenanwasopened.

B.WhetherVanhadalotofmilkhouses.

C.WhenVan'sbreakfastculturewasstarted.

D.WhetherVanwassituatedontheSilkRoad.

6.WhomdidSutQiiKenanmainlyserveattheverybegining?

A.Nearbylaborers.B.Foreigntravelers.

C.Wealthybusinessmen.D.Localmilkmen.

7.Whatdocsthephrase'backup"underlinedinthelastparagraphmean?

A.Support.B.Replace.C.Challenge.D.Benefit.

c

Eightyearsago,AlNixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabenchwithaspectacularviewof

St.Pctcrsburg'swatcrfrontinFlorida."Icallit'liferising'becausewatchingasunrisemakesmefeel

positiveandcenteredbeforeIstartmyday,"saysNixon,whoworksforthecity'swaterdcpartmcnt.ltis

Nixon'sownversionofdailymotivation.

Ayearlater,awomanstoppedtosayhello,andshesaidsomethingthatchangedhisperspectiveonhis

dailyritual."Shesaid,"Youknow,everymorningwhenIseeyousittinghere,Iknowthateverything

isgoingtobeOK,"Nixonrecalls."ThalwaswhenIknew：Ineededtopayattentiontothepeoplewalking

past.Ineededtomakeeyecontactandletpeopleknowthatwemattertoeachother."

Insteadofstaringstraightaheadatthewaterfront,Nixonstartedsmilingatpeopleandstrikingup

conversations.Andprettysoon,morethanafewearlyrisersbeganjoininghimonthebench,sometimes

unburdeningthemselvesandtellinghimtheirrelationship,careerorpersonalproblems."Iwashappyto

listen.

Iwantedthemtowalkawayknowingtheydidn'thavetofeellonely,"Nixon,now59,says."Whenyou're

inyour50sand60sorbeyond?alotofpeoplefeeltheirpurposehasn'tbeenfulfilled.Atthisstageinlife,

thisisdefinitelymypurpose."

So?everymorning,weatherpermitting.Nixonrisesat4：30a.in.Heputsonahat,sipsacupofcoffee,

andthendrivessevenmilestothewaterfront,wherehe'llstayfortwohours.Hispresence,hisopenness

tolistenandhiskindnesstowardsstrangershaveledthemtonicknamehimtheSunshineMayor.

Nomatterwhatproblemapersonwantstoair,Nixonlendsanear.Butsomepeoplejustsitdownanddon't

wanttotalkorsharestories.Theysimplywanttositnexttosomeoneandsharethesilence."Awoman

stoppedonceandsaid,"Ijustwanttositherewithyou,"Nixonrecalls."Westaredatthewaterforan

hour,andthenshesaidthankyouandwalkedavvay.Shejustwantedamomentofpeaceandtoknowshe

wasn'talonc.Andinthatmoment,inthathour,onthatmorning,shetrulywasn't."

8.WhydidNixondecidetobeginhisdayfromthebencheightyearsago?

A.Todevelopahabit.B.Toseekmentalpower.

C.Toenjoyseasideviews.D.Tointeractwithstrangers.

9.HowmightNixonfeelafterhearing(hewomanswordsinparagraph2?

A.Inspired.B.Relaxed.C.Touched.D.Worried.

10.WhatdoesNixon'snicknametheSunshineMayorimply?

A.Heislaughedatbyothers.

B.Heisaresponsibleofficial.

C.Hewarmsstrangers'hearts.

D.Helikessunnydaysparticularly.

11.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?

A.Onehaslolearntolisten.

B.Noteveryoneisagoodstoryteller.

C.It'snoteasytofulfilldifferentneeds.

D.Silentcompanymatterstosomepeople.

D

Mostbrands'marketingstrategicstargetourvision-thinkaboutlogos,adsandothersynibols.Somctryto

stimulateuswithupbeatmusicorrelaxingsounds.Buttargetingournosescanbeanevenmorepowerful

toolforbrands,saymarketingexperts.

Anindustry,knownasscentmarketing,isdedicatedtodevelopingcustomfragrances（香味）.ScentAir,

forexample,isoneofthelargestsellersoffragrancediffusers（擴散器）loleadingbrands.Thecompany

designs9"fragranceexperiences*'rangingfrom"luxuriousandsophisticated"to"passionateand

sensual".Ontheflipside,italsotriestomaskandneutralize（中和）awfulsmellsfrombathroomsor

kitchens.

AccordingtoLaurenceMinsky,aprofessorfromColumbiaCollegeChicagowhostudiesbranding,our

senseofsmellrunsstraighttoourlimbicsystem,andthusdeployingapleasantfragranceinastorecan

influencecustomers*feelingsaboutitandhelpitstandoutinacrowdedmarket.ltcanalsocueuppast

memories>Minskysaid.

Thepresenceofapleasantscentinstoresresultedina3%salesincreasecompared（ostoreswithoutone,

foundastudypublishedinTheJournalofMarketing.Andjustbeingpleasant,thespecificsofscent

matter.AnolherstudypublishedinTheJoumaLOf.Retailingfoundthatconsumersspentmoreand

purchasedmoreitemsinstoreswithasimpleorangeorlemonscentthaninstoreswithcomplexscents.

Theopportunitytocreateanambiance（格調）whileincreasingsaleshasledretailersandotherbusinesses

toexperimentwithdifferentscentsandcreatetheirownfragranceexperiences.Brandssuchas

Play-DohandJohnson&Johnsonweresomeofthefirsttousescentasamarketingtool.Play-Doheven

successfullytrademarkeditsownfragrancein2018.

Sincethe1990s,SingaporeAirlineshasalsobeenusingitsownfragrance.Flightattendantswearitas

perfume；itismixedintohottowelsservedbeforetakeoffandwaftsthroughthecabinduringthe

flight.HotelssuchasHyattandWestinpumpsmellsintotheirlobbies,whilemanysupermarketsmove

theirbakeriesfromthebackofthestoretothefront.

Butstoresshouldkeepadelicatebalancewhentheyengineertheirsmells.TheUSA'ssubway,forexample?

hasbeencriticizedbysomecustomersforanunpleasantbreadsmell.WhenStarbucksintroducedbreakfast

sandwichesin2008,itfoundthesmellofsandwichescookingintheovenwasoverpoweringitscoffee

fragrance.

12.Whatmaybethefunctionofthelimbicsystem?

A.Improvingourfashionsense.

B.Gettingridofsomebadmemories.

C.Changingourperspectivesonthings.

D.Regulatingouremotionsandmemories.

13.Whatdoparagraphs5-6mainlytellus?

A.Thehistoryofscentmarketing.

B.Thesignificanceofscentmarketing.

C.Thewideapplicationofscentmarketing.

D.Theinfluenceofvariousscentexperiments.

14.Whatisthepurposeof(helastparagraph?

A.Totryoutanidea.B.Toissueawarning.

C.Todrawaconclusion.D.Togiveapieceofadvice.

15.Whichisthemostsuitabletideforthetext?

A.Payattentiontoyourbrandimage

B.Usesmelltogetyoutospendmore

C.Increasesalesoffragrancediffusers

D.Attractcustomerswithexcellentservice

ThesummerIwasten,mymotherdecidedtobringustotheworldofart.MybrotherandIwerenotvery

excitedwhenwerealizedwhatmymothermeant.Whatshemeantwasnotthatwecouldtakedrawing

classesorpaintingclassesbutthatwewouldhaveto-spendoneafternoonaweekwithherattheFineArts

Museum.

Thatwasnotsobad；-whatreallytroubledmewasthatbeforeeachvisittothemuseum,shemadeusread

aboutartistsandpaintingstyles(1)Anyway,whowantstospendthesummeraboutartistswhenyoucould

bewithyourfriendsattheswimmingpool?

FirstwehadtoreadaboutancientEgyptiansandtheirstrangewayofpaintingfacesandthengo:olookat

thematthemuseum.(2)LaterwehadtolearnaboutartistsintheMiddleAgeswhopaintedpeople

wearingstrangelongclothing.Wehadtolookalpicturesoffatbabieswithwingsandcurlyhairandwith

noclothesonflyingaroundtheedgesofpaintings.(3)

Onourlastvisittothemuseum,somethinghappenedwhenIsawapaintingbyawomancalledMary.

(4)Thecolorsweresoftandgentle,andyoucouldtellbythemother'sexpressionhowhappyshewasjust

tobewiththechild.Icouldhardlytakemyeyesawayfromthatnainting!(5)Itwasreallyworthlookingat

somanypaintingstofindapainterwhocouldinterestmesomuch.

A.Init,awomanwasreadingtoachild.

B.Thatfeltalmostasbadasbeinginschool.

C.Thetwopaintingsweresosimilartoeachother!

D.IwantedtoseeeverypaintingMaryhadevermade!

E.Iwasimmediatelyattractedbythestrangewayofpaintingfaces.

F.Staringatthosepictures,Istillcouldn'tseeWhatwassogreataboutart.

G.Unusualstylesofartalwaysattractedmybrother,butIwasnotinterested.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.卜G.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

Ihadcometovisitmyparentsontheir50thWeddinganniversary.Inthehospital>Dadlay

unconscious.Momwas(21)Dad>"ComeonBob.You'reaMarine(海軍陸戰隊士兵).Marinesnever

giveup!TwomonthslaterDad(22)Butthingswere(23)

Inthepast,myfatherwouldalwaysworkoutthe(24)inanewspaperatrecordspeeds.Nowhehadtrouble

tellingtime,andthe(25)davsofallwaswhenheopenedhis(26)andaskedmetocountthe(27)hesaved.

Dadlookedatmewiththeinnocenceofachildwhocouldnot(28)afive-dollarbillfromafifty.I(29)the

moneyintheboxandthetotalcameto$300.Dad(30)threetimesbutgotconfusedandfinallygave

up.Thatevening,Momsaiddeterminedly,"Wccouldn'tjustsitby.Let'sstartfromexplainingthc(31)of

theclock."

Thenextday,DadaskedMomaboutthetime.Momsaid,"Youtellme.Thebighandisonthesixandthe

littleoneison(hefive."Dadfailedforthefirsttime.ButMomcontinuedloexplainil.Hwasn'teasybutd

adfinallysucceeded.(32)Dadfiguredoutpuzzlesinthenewspaperwithourassistance.

AfterDadfullyrecovered,wc(33)inabigwayontheirdelayed50thweddingannivcrsary.WhcnIraised

myglassinhonorofthehappycouple,itwasthe(34)oftwooldMarines1(35).

21.A.ChallengingB.amusingC.encouragingD.comforting

22.A.pulledthroughB.turnedoverC.cameoutD.brokeaway

23.A.interestingB.differentC.similarD.familiar

24.A.storiesB.puzzlesC.reportsD.advertisements

25.A.happiestB.busiestC.saddestD.biggest

26.A.accountB.purseC.ClockD.shoebox

27.A.newspapersB.shoesC.timeD.cash

28.A.tellB.earnC.withdrawD.receive

29.A.savedB.sortedC.spentD.invested

30.A.triedB.succeededC.failedD.explained

31.A.labelB.brandC.faceD.spring

32.A.MeanwhileB.HoweverC.ConsequentlyD.Frequently

33.A.sufferedB.posedC.competedD.partied

34.A.responsibilityB.determinationC.ambitionD.generosity

35.A.changedB.enviedC.toastedD.lacked

36.Today,thebaseballcapisaverywell-knownitemofclothing,eventopeoplewhoarequite(1)

(familiar)withthegameofbaseball.

Thecapwasinventedoveracenturyagoasawayofkeepingthesunoutofabaseball(2)(player)

eves.(3)earlyasthe1920s,however,thecapbecamefashionableoffthefield,sometimesseen

amongstylish(時髦的)guysastheperfectfinishingtouchtoanewsuit.Butitwasthecontinued(4)

(connect)withsportsthatledtothewidespreadpopularityofthecap.Bythe1940s,teamswere

beginningtohavetheirlogossewnontothecaps(5)theyworeduringmatches.Theobviousthingfor

fans(6)(do)wastowearthese,too.Withmoreandmorecollegekidsusingthiswaytoshowtheir

supportfortheirhometeam，thecap(7)(catch)onandsalesofthemwentthroughtheroof.By(he

late1970s,newmachinesmeantitwaspossibletoembroider(繡)imagesofthings(8)animalsand

flagsontocapsinsteadofjustnamesandnumbers.

Thecapslaterbecamefashionableonceagain，⑼(large)thankstohip-hopmusicbandswhowore

themonstage.Baseballcapsthenbecamepopularwithmusicfanstheworldoverand(10)(be)now

establishedasaclassictypeofinformalheadgear(帽子).

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

⑺

（8）

（9）

（10）

37.假設你是李華，你的澳洲朋友David參加漢語水平考試（HSK）未能通過。請你寫一封信

給他，內容包括：

（1）表示安慰和鼓勵；

（2）提出今后學習漢語的建議。

注意：

（1）寫作詞數應為8（）左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

DearDavid,

Yours,

LiHua

38.I'llneverforgetthedaythatoneofmyfifth-gradestudents,Jace,shylyraisedhishandandsaid

thathehadneverreceivedagiftduringreadingdiscussionsJacc'shonestysurprisedme.Whatwas

evenmoreeye-openingwas（hefactthattheboyhadgonetenyearsandneverexperiencedthejoy

andsurpriseofreceivingapresent.

Itriedtosearchareasonthathemightbesayingthis.ThenIrememberedhisstory.Hismotherwasout

ofthepictureandhelivedalonewithhisdad.Hisfatherhadahardtimeholdingdownajob,andcome

tothinkofit.Ididn'tseehisfatheratenrollment（注冊）orparent-teacherconferences.

AcoupleofweeksafterJace'scomment,hewasabsentfromschool.ThishappenedtobethedayI

wassendinghometheannualnoteabouttheclassroomChristmasgiftexchange.?raditionally,each

boywas（obringagiftforaboyinthethree-dollarrangeandthesamewastrueforeachgirl.

Aswewerediscussingthespecifics?agirlraisedherhandandsuggestedthatwedoawaywithour

traditionalpolicy,andeachbuyagiftforJaccinstead.Theenthusiasmgrewasthestudentsdiscussed

thekindsofthingstheyknewJacewouldlike.Wetookaquickvoteandunanimously（意見一致地）

agreedtogoaheadwiththiswonderfulidea.

Withgreatexcitement,thegiftsbegantocomein.Studentswithbrighteyeswouldeagerlytellme

howtheyfoundthe"perfectgift"andhowtheirparentsspentmorethanthreedollarsonJace'sgift!As

thegiftspouredin,Irememberbeingsoproudofmythoughtful,selflessstudentswhoweretruly

showingthespiritofChristmas.

Afterseveraldaysofabsences,youcanimagineourdisappointmentwhenwelearnedthatJace's

absenceswereduetothefactthathehadmovedaway!Iwassureofonething.Icouldn'tletmy

studentsorJaccdown.

Ifoundmyinfbnnalionsheetandcalledeverynumberlisted.Apparently,Jace'sfatherhadlosthisjob?

causingthemtorelocate.Nooneknewwheretheywere,andthecellphonenumberIhadwouldring

withnorcsponscdespitemycontinuouscffbrts.EvcnintoourChristmasvacation,Iconstantlygave

thephonenumberashot.注意：

（1）續寫詞數應為150左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Finally,al9：30PMonChristmasEve,Idecidedtotryonelasttime.

AsIdrovedowntheroadtoJacc'shouse,Isawtheporchlightofhisfather'strailer（拖車式房屋）

signalingwhichhomewashis.

答案和解析

1?3.【答案】B、D、C

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。由文章第一段Youraulhorstudyrequiresyoulowrite,inatleast3pages,

asummaryofwhattheauthorhaswritten,howtheworkshavebeenreceived,whatawardstheauthorhas

beengiven,aswellasanyconnectionsyouhavemadebyreadingmuchoftheauthor'spublishedbooks.

（你的作者研究要求你至少用3頁紙寫一篇作者所寫作品的總結，作品是如何獲得的，作者被授

予了什么獎項，以及你通過閱讀作者大量出版的書籍而獲得的任何聯系。）以及第二段Belowisa

listofplacestofindsuchinfo門nation.（以下是查找此類信息的位置列表。）可知，提供上述信息是

為了幫助讀者收集信息，更多地了解作家。所以答案為B。

（2）細節理解題。由文章LiteratureResourceCenter部分中的Providesbiographicalinformation,

summariesofworks,bookreviews,andliterarycriticism.（提供傳記信息、作品摘要、書評和文學

評論。）可知，在文獻資源中心，我們可以了解一本書的摘要。所以答案為D。

（3）文章出處題。由文章LiteratureResourceCenter部分中的Youcanalsochange/narrowyoursearch

byusingthelinksontheleftsideofthescreen.（你還可以使用屏幕左側的鏈接更改/縮小搜索范圍。）

以及最后一段Theresultswillbepresentedwithtabsacrossthetop.Selectthe"Biographies"tab.（結果

將在頂部顯示選項卡。選擇“傳記”選項卡。）可推知，以上信息出現在網頁上。所以答案為C。

本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在網頁上查找作者相關信息的方法。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因為閱讀理解題一般沒有

標題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應盡可能多地捕獲信息材料：

其次細讀題材，各個擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，

帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關信息，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強

的針對性，對丁捕獲到的信息，要做認真分析，仔細推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，

才能做到穩、準。

4?7.【答案】B、C、A、A

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據文章第一段HoursbeforethesunrisesoverVan,acityin（hefarcast

ofTurkey,preparationsarealreadyunderwayfbrthemostimpertantmealoftheday.By5a.m.,thescent

ofoven-hotflatbreadandfreshTurkishteahasbeenwaftingacrossKahvalticilarCar^isi-Van'sfamous

"BreakfastStreets（在太陽升起的幾個小時前，土耳其最東部的城市Van已經開始為一天中最重要

的一餐做準備。早上5點，卡瓦爾塔奇基亞勒Car§isi-Van著名的“早餐街”已經彌漫著烤箱熱大餅

和新鮮土耳其茶的香味。）可知，作者是通過描述了土耳其城市Van的早餐街的一個場景來引出

本文的話題的。故選B項。

（2）細節理解題。根據文章第三段TheoriginsofVan'sbreakfastculturearethesubjectofdebate.（Van

早餐文化的起源一直是爭論的焦點）可知，根據文章，仍然不確定的是早餐文化是何時形成的。

故選C項。

（3）細節理解題。根據文章第四段ButlocalssaythemoremodernhistoryofVanbreakfastcancertainly

belinkedtothedevelopmentofso-called"milkhouses"—whichwouldserveearlymorningmealsofmilk,

chccscandbreadtothosedoingphysicalworknearby——inthe1940s.SiitqiiKenan*whichtranslatesin

Turkishas"MilkmanKenan",wasitselfopenedbyCoskun'sgreat-grandfatherKenanasamilkhousein

1946.（但當地人說，Van早餐更現代的歷史可以肯定與所謂的“牛奶屋”的發展有關一一在20世紀

40年代，“牛奶屋”為附近的體力勞動者提供牛奶、奶酪和面包作為早餐。SiitqiiKenan,在土耳其

語中翻譯為"送奶工Kenan",本身是科斯肯的曾祖父Kenan在1946年開設的一家牛奶屋。）可知，

SU&iiKenan一開始為附近的工人服務。故選A項。

（4）詞句猜測題。根據倒數第二段IsVanthebreakfastcapitaloftheworld?Definitely!（Van是世

界早餐之都嗎？當然）及最后一段劃線詞后的句子In2014,morethan50,00（）peoplegatheredatrows

androwsoftablesinfrontoftheVanFortress?whichwasbuiltinthe9thcentury,tobreaktheGuinness

WorldRecordforthe"largestfullbreakfastattendance".（2014年，超過5萬人聚集在建于9世紀的

范城堡酒店前的一排排桌子前，打破了”最大的早餐出席人數”的吉尼斯世界紀錄）可知，在Van

創造的吉尼斯世界紀錄是能“支持””Van是世界早餐之都”這一說法的。backup意思是“支持”。

A.Support支持；B.Challenge挑戰;C.Replace代替；D.Benefit對…有益。故選A項。

本文為一篇記敘文，介紹了土耳其城市Van獨特的早餐文化。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對

未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷；或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現象、事

例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

8?11.【答案】B、A、C、D

【解析】（I）細節理解題。根據第一段Eightyearsago,

AlNixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabenchwithaspectacularviewofSt.Pctcrsburg'swaterfrontin

Florida."Icalli（'liferising'becausewatchingasunrisemakesmefeelpositiveandcenteredbeforeIsta

rtmyday,"saysNixon,whoworksforthecity'swaterdepartment.ltisNixon'sownversion

ofdailymotivation.（八年前，阿爾?尼克松決定坐在長凳上開始每一天，坐在那里可以看到佛羅里

達州圣彼得堡海濱的壯麗景色。"我稱之為'生活的上升'，因為看日出能讓我在開始新的一天之前

感到積極和專注，”在該市水務部門工作的尼克松說。這是尼克松自己對日常動機的詮釋。）可知，

八年前尼克松決定從長凳上開始他的?天是因為坐在那里看日出可以讓他在開始新的?天之前感

到積極和專注，從而獲得一種精神力量。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據第二段Ayearlater,awomanstoppedtosayhello,

andshesaidsomethingthatchangedhisperspectiveonhisdailyritual."Shesaid,"Youknow?

everymorningwhenIseeyousittinghere,IknowthateverythingisgoingtobeOK,

"Nixonrecalls."ThatwaswhenIknew：

Ineededtopayattentiontothepeoplewalkingpast.Ineededtomakeeyecontactandletpeopleknowth

atwcmattertoeachother."（一年后，一個女人停卜.來跟他打招呼，她說的話改變了他對口常生活

的看法。她說："你知道嗎，每天早上當我看到你坐在這里，我就知道一切都會好起來的。”尼克

松回憶道。”那時我知道：我需要注意走過的人。我需要眼神交流，讓人們知道我們彼此都很重要。

"）和第三段第一句Insteadofstaringstraightaheadatthewaterfront,

Nixonstartedsmilingatpeopleandstrikingupconversations.（尼克松不再直視前方的海濱，而是開

始對人們微笑，開始攀談。可知，聽到那個女人的話后尼克松受到了啟發，決定以后不再直視

前方的海濱，而是開始對人們微笑，開始攀談，與路人交流。結合選項，A.Inspired.受靈感啟迪的；

B.Relaxed.放松的：C.Touched.感動的；D.Worried.焦慮的。分析可知，A項符合語義。故選A。

（3）細節理解題。根據第五段So,everymorning,weatherpermitting,Nixonrisesal4：

30am.Heputsonahat.sipsacupofcoffee,andthendrivessevenmilestothewaterfront,

wherehe'llstayfortwohours.Hispresence,hisopennessto

listenandhiskindnesstowardsstrangershaveledthemtonicknamehimtheSunshineMayor.（所以，

如果天氣允許，尼克松每天早上4：30起床。他戴上帽子，喝杯咖啡，然后開車七英里到海濱，

在那里呆兩個小時。他的在場，他樂于傾聽，他對陌生人的友善使一些人稱他為陽光市長。）可

知，尼克松被稱為陽光市長是因為他樂于傾聽并對他人友善,即能夠把內心的光芒照在他人身上。）

可知，人們稱尼克松是“陽光市長”暗指他能給人們帶來正能量，溫暖陌生人的心。故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。根據最后一段Nomatterwhatproblemapersonwantstoair,

Nixonlendsanear.Butsomepeoplejustsitdownanddon'twanttotalkorsharestories.Theysimplywa

nttositnexttosomeoneandsharethesilence."Awomanstoppedonceandsaid,"Ijustwanttosither

ewithyou,"Nixonrecalls."Westaredatthewaterforanhour,

andthenshesaidthankyouandwalkedaway.Shejustwantedamomentofpeaceandtoknowshewasn'

talone.Andinthatmoment,inthathour,onthatmorning,shetrulywasn't."（無論一個人想提Ml彳卜

么問題，尼克松都會傾聽。但有些人只是坐下來，不想說話或分享故事。他們只是想坐在某人旁

邊，分享沉默。尼克松回憶說：”有一次，一位女士停下來對我說：‘我只想和你坐在這里。“我們

盯著水看了一個小時，然后她說了聲謝謝就走開了。她只是想要片刻安寧，知道她并不孤單。在

那一刻，在那一小時，在那個早晨，她真的不在了。”）可知，沉默的陪伴對一些人來說很重要。

故選D。

本文是一篇記敘文。文章講達了阿爾?尼克松起初常常獨自坐在長凳上開始每一天，坐在那里觀看

海濱的壯麗景色,后來因為因一個路人的話改變了自己的態度，從而堅持早起去傾聽路人的傾訴。

他樂于傾聽，*1人友善，被人們成為“陽光市長

做閱讀時首先要通讀全文，理解文章大意，然后帶著問題到原文中找信息句，仔細研究問題和跟

問題有關的句子，琢磨其意思，選出正確答案。

12?15.【答案】D、C、D、B

【解析】（I）細節理解題。根據第三段中的AccordingtoLaurenceMinsky,

aprofessorfromColumbiaCollegeChicagowhostudiesbranding,our

senseofsmellrunsstraighttoourlimbicsystem,

andthusdeployingapleasantfragranceinastorecaninfluencecustomers'feelingsaboutitandhelpitst

andoutinacrowdedmarket.ltcanalsocueuppastmemories?Minskysaid.（芝加哥哥倫比亞大學研

究品牌的教授勞倫斯?明斯基表示，我們的嗅覺直接進入大腦邊緣系統，因此在商店里散發一種令

人愉悅的香味可以影響顧客對它的感覺，幫助它在擁擠的市場中脫穎而出。明斯基說，它還