第24頁/共24頁佛山市2023～2024學年下學期普通高中教學質量檢測高二英語2024.7注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的學校、班級、姓名、考生號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分20分）第一節聽力理解（共6小題；每小題2分，滿分12分）材料及問題播放兩遍。每段后有三個小題，各段播放前有5秒鐘的閱題時間。請根據各段播放內容及其相關小題的問題，在5秒鐘內從題中所給的A、B、C項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。聽第一段材料，回答第1～3題。材料和問題讀兩遍。1.Question1:(錄音)A.DoingTaiChi.B.PracticingBaDuanJin.C.TakingaChineseclass.2.Question2:(錄音)A.Playbasketball.B.Registerforaclass.C.Attendatabletennismatch.3.Question3:(錄音)A.Interested.B.Confident.C.Hesitant.聽第二段材料，回答第4～6題。材料和問題讀兩遍。4.Question4:(錄音)A.ChineseArt.B.Design.C.Philosophy.5.Question5:(錄音)A.Toinspiremorestudents.B.Toholdmoreartexhibitions.C.Tomixmodernwithtraditional.6.Question6:(錄音)A.InBeijing.B.InShanghai.C.InChongqing.第二節回答問題（共4小題；每小題2分，滿分8分）聽下面一段材料，然后回答問題。材料和問題讀兩遍，讀完每個問題后你將有10秒鐘的作答時間。7.Question7:(錄音)Answer:_______________________________________8.Question8:(錄音)Answer:_______________________________________9.Question9:(錄音)Answer:_______________________________________10.Question10:(錄音)Answer:_______________________________________第二部分閱讀（共三節，滿分40分）第一節閱讀理解（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AInthe40yearsafterEdmundHilaryandTenzingNorgayfirstreachedthetopofMountEverest(珠穆朗瑪)in1953,anaverageof12peopleayearfollowedintheirfootsteps.In2023,morethan1,200peopleattemptedtheclimb.High-techequipmentandbetterunderstandingofthephysicalimpactofhighaltitudes(海拔)havebroughtnewhopefulstoEverest.ButWillCockrell,inhisnewbookEverest.Inc,arguesthattheprimaryreasonistheestablishmentofaprofessionalguidingindustry.TheguidingindustryexistsmainlybecauseofDickBass.Bass,whomadeafortuneinoil,boughthiswayontothreedifferentEverestexpeditions(探險)and,in1985,aged55,hebecameboththeoldestandleastexperiencedclimbertoreachthetop.Thesightofanordinarypersonontopoftheworldgeneratedtheestablishmentofcompaniestomeetthenewdemandfortours.Theearlyyearsofguidedexpeditionsinthe1990sweresuccessful.In1992-95,around150peoplepaidtobeledupthemountain,andathirdsucceeded.Duringa1995expedition,astormstruck.Theguides,eagerfortheirclientstoreachthetop,delayedturningthemaround.Threeguidesandtwoclimbersdied.Oneoftheclimbers,JonKrakauer,criticizedthejudgmentoftheguidesandtheselfishnessofinexperiencedclimbersinhisbookIntoThinAir.Manybusinessesassumedthatthebookwoulddestroythem.However,interestinEverestskyrocketed.In2014,16guideswereburiedbyfallingicewhiletransportingclients’equipment.Then,in2015,anavalanche(雪崩)killedtenguidesandnineclients.Asaresult,manyWesterncompanieslosttheirenthusiasmforEverest.Everest.Incendsonaconfusingnote.Morepeoplearereachingthetop,butmorearedyingontheway,too:18peoplediedin2023,thehighest-evernumber.“Expertsknowmorethaneverabouthowtoguideclientstoclimbsafely.Butthatdoesnotmakeitasafeplace,”saidCockrell.1.WhatcontributestotherisingpopularityofEverestclimbingaccordingtoCockrell?A.Theappearanceofgrouptourism.B.Theunderstandingofthemountain.C.Thestudyonhumanphysicalabilities.D.Thedevelopmentoftheguidingindustry.2.WhatdoweknowaboutDickBass’ssuccessinreachingthetopofEverest?A.Itenabledhimtomakeafortune.B.Itboosteddemandforguidedtours.C.Itprovedthelimitsofthehumanbody.D.Itmarkedthestartofnatureexpeditions.3.Whatisparagraph4mainlyaboutconcerningguidedexpeditions?A.Theinitialsuccess. B.Thepubliccriticism.C.Theclimbingaccidents. D.Thephysicalchallenges.4Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Everest,Inc:AGuidetoEverestExpeditionB.ReachingtheTop:OpportunitiesandChallengesC.UpsandDowns:TheStoryofExpeditionPioneersD.ClimbingEverest:IncreasingPopularityandDeaths【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了隨著越來越多的人攀登珠穆朗瑪峰，也有越來越多的人死于途中。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中的“ButWillCockrell,inhisnewbookEverest.Inc,arguesthattheprimaryreasonistheestablishmentofaprofessionalguidingindustry.(但是WillCockrell在他的新書《珠穆朗瑪峰公司》中認為其主要原因是專業向導行業的崛起。)”可知，WillCockrell認為攀登珠穆朗瑪峰熱度上升的原因是專業向導行業的興起。故選D。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Thesightofanordinarypersonontopoftheworldgeneratedtheestablishmentofcompaniestomeetthenewdemandfortours.(一個普通人登上世界之巔的景象催生了公司的成立，以滿足新的旅游需求。)”可知，DickBass成功登頂促進了導游旅行的需求。故選B。【3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第四段首句“Theearlyyearsofguidedexpeditionsinthe1990sweresuccessful.(20世紀90年代早期的向導探險是成功的。)”以及下文內容可知，本段主要講述了早期向導探險的成功。故選A。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Morepeoplearereachingthetop,butmorearedyingontheway,too(越來越多的人登上頂峰，但也有更多的人在途中死亡)”可知，本文主要講述了攀登珠穆朗瑪峰熱度的興起以及攀登途中造成的死亡事件，所以D項“攀登珠穆朗瑪峰：人氣上升和死亡人數增加”最適合作本文標題。故選D。公眾號：高中試卷君BFeelingburnedoutandlookingforreasonstoworkless?Anewstudyshowsthatworkingnightsandvolatile(不穩定的)schedulesinyoungadulthoodcanleaveyoutosufferfromdepressionandpoorhealthinmiddleage.Theresearchexaminedtheworkschedulesandsleeppatternsofmorethan7,000Americansoverthreedecades,fromtheagesof22through50.Tothesurpriseofthestudy’sauthor,NewYorkUniversityprofessorWen-JuiHan,onlyone-quarteroftheparticipantsworkedtraditionaldaytimehours.Theremainderworkedvariablehours.Thosewithvolatileworkschedulesreportedagreaterlikelihoodofpoorhealthanddepressionatage50thanthosewithmorestableschedules.“Ourworknowismakingussickandpoor,”Hansaidinaninterview.“Workissupposedtoallowustoacquireresources.But,foralotofpeople,theirworkdoesn’tallowthemtodoso.Theyactuallybecomemoreandmoremiserable(悲慘的)overtime.”Dr.AlysonMyers,aprofessorattheAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,appreciatedthenewstudy’sfocusontheconnectionbetweenworkschedules,sleepandpoorhealth.Thestudyfindingsconfirmedwhatsheseesinmanyofherdiabetes(糖尿病)patients,whooftengetnomorethanfivehoursofsleepaftertheyworknightshifts.ManyoftheparticipantsinHan’sstudywhohadvolatileworkschedulestendedtohavepart-timejobs,insomecasesmultiplepart-timejobs.“Unfortunately,”Myerssaid,“thetrendforalotofthesepeopleisthattheyhavetoworkmorethanonejobtosurvive.”Hanwouldlikeherresearchtopromoteconversationsaboutwaysofprovidingresourcestohelppeopleliveahappyandhealthylifewhenthey’redog-tiredbothphysicallyandemotionallybecauseoftheirwork.5.WhatdoesHan’sstudymainlytellus?A.Thesignificanceofahealthylifestyle.B.Therisingtrendofworkingvariablehours.C.Thelong-termeffectsofunstableworkschedules.D.Somepracticalapproachestodealingwithdepression.6.WhatisMyers’sattitudetopeoplewithvolatileworkschedules?A.Understanding. B.Unconcerned. C.Doubtful. D.Critical.7.WhatisHan’sexpectationofherresearch?A.Toprovideresourcesforthepoor.B.Tohelpimprovepeople’swell-being.C.Toraiseawarenessofhealthylifestyles.D.Toinitiatedialoguesbetweenemployees.【答案】5.C6.A7.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項新的研究，表明在年輕的時候上夜班和不穩定的時間表到中年時會患上抑郁癥且健康狀況不佳。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中“Anewstudyshowsthatworkingnightsandvolatile(不穩定的)schedulesinyoungadulthoodcanleaveyoutosufferfromdepressionandpoorhealthinmiddleage.(一項新的研究表明，在年輕的時候上夜班和不穩定的時間表會讓你在中年時患上抑郁癥且健康狀況不佳。)”第二段中“Thosewithvolatileworkschedulesreportedagreaterlikelihoodofpoorhealthanddepressionatage50thanthosewithmorestableschedules.(那些工作時間不穩定的人在50歲時比那些工作時間穩定的人更有可能出現健康狀況不佳和抑郁。)”可知，Han的研究主要告訴我們不穩定的工作時間表的長期影響。故選C項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“Dr.AlysonMyers,aprofessorattheAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,appreciatedthenewstudy’sfocusontheconnectionbetweenworkschedules,sleepandpoorhealth.Thestudyfindingsconfirmedwhatsheseesinmanyofherdiabetes(糖尿病)patients,whooftengetnomorethanfivehoursofsleepaftertheyworknightshifts.(AlbertEinstein醫學院教授AlysonMyers博士對這項新研究對工作安排、睡眠和健康狀況不佳之間關系的關注表示贊賞。研究結果證實了她在許多糖尿病患者身上看到的情況，這些患者在上夜班后通常睡眠時間不超過五個小時。)”可知，Myers對那些工作時間不穩定的人是同情體諒的。故選A項。【7題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Hanwouldlikeherresearchtopromoteconversationsaboutwaysofprovidingresourcestohelppeopleliveahappyandhealthylifewhenthey’redog-tiredbothphysicallyandemotionallybecauseoftheirwork.(Han希望她的研究能夠促進有關提供資源的方式的討論，以幫助人們在因工作而身心疲憊時過上幸福健康的生活。)”可知，Han希望她的研究能提供幫助人們過上幸福健康的生活。故選B項。CAnimal-likerobotsarepopular.Andyet,saysBarbaraMazzolai,anItalianroboticist,thefieldofroboticsisfarlessinterestedinexploringtheothermajorcategoryoflivingthings—plants.Sheputstheunwillingnessdowntoamisconception(誤解)abouttheusefulnessofplantbehavior:thattheyarecapableofneithermotionnorperception(感知).“It’snottrueatall,”shesays.Dr.MazzolaiandherteamrecentlycreatedFiloBot,arobotbasedonclimbingplants.Liketherealthing.FiloBotiscapableofgrowing,attachingtoandwrappingitselfaroundsupports,andadaptingitselftoanenvironmentinresponsetoexternalstimuli.FiloBotimitatesthebehaviorsofaclimbingtreeusingsensorsinitsheadwhichisalsoequippedwithalayerofplasticandaheatingelement.Bysofteningandextruding(擠壓出)theplasticinacircularpatter,itcan3D-printitsownbodyatarateoftwotosevenmillimetersperminute.Dependingonbrightnessanddirection,itchangestheheatthattheplasticisexposedto—lowertemperaturesresultinalighterbodythatincreasesinsizemorequickly,whilehighertemperaturesmakeitthickerandstrongerandgrowmoreslowly.TheresearchersfoundthatthesesimplefunctionalitieswereenoughtoletFiloBotmovethroughacomplexandunseenenvironment,crossgapsandfindthingstoattachto.Thelackofheavyon-boardcomputinghardware,theysay,meansthatitmoveseasilyandrequiresminimalmonitoring,whileitsslowpacemeansthatitdoesn’tdisturbthingsaroundit.Theysupposethatthismakesitsuitableforpotentialapplicationsincludingenvironmentalmonitoringinhard-to-reachlocations,ormonitoringdisastersiteswhereexistingfacilitiesisunstable.Dr.Mazzolaihopesthatsuchprojectswillmotivateotherroboticiststodrawinspirationfromplants.Theplantkingdomisaworld,shesays,withacompletelydifferentapproachtotheanimalone.“Andwecandevelopnewtechnologiesandartificialsolutions,becauseitissodifferent.”8.Whatleadstolimitedexplorationofplant-likerobots?A.Theslowgrowthrateofplants.B.Thelackofplantresearchcapability.C.Themisunderstandingofplantbehavior.D.Thedifficultyofapplyingplant-likerobots.9.HowdoesFiloBotgrow?A.Bypressingamotionsensor. B.Byexposingitselftosunlight.C.Bypushingoutsoftenedplastic. D.Bycontrollingoutsidetemperature.10.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Topointoutthevalueofrobotics. B.Topresentanewlyinventedrobot.C.Tocallformoreresearchintorobots. D.Tocorrectamisconceptionaboutplants.【答案】8.C9.C10.B【解析】【導語】本文為一篇說明文。本文主要講述了人們對于植物的誤解，認為植物不能移動，不能感知外界，所以人們對于植物類機器人開發得很少。然而，意大利機器人學家芭芭拉·馬佐萊認為植物可以感知外界，并以此為思路發明了機器人FiloBot，它可以在復雜的環境中移動，并監測周圍環境，它的慢節奏移動也意味著它不會打擾周圍的事物。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Andyet,saysBarbaraMazzolai,anItalianroboticist,thefieldofroboticsisfarlessinterestedinexploringtheothermajorcategoryoflivingthings—plants.Sheputstheunwillingnessdowntoamisconception(誤解)abouttheusefulnessofplantbehavior:thattheyarecapableofneithermotionnorperception(感知).(然而，意大利機器人專家芭芭拉·馬佐萊說，機器人領域對探索生物的另一個主要類別——植物——的興趣要小得多。她把這種不情愿歸結為對植物行為有用性的誤解：它們既不能運動也不能感知。)”可知，是因為對植物行為的誤解導致了人們不愿意去開發植物機器人。故選C。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“FiloBotimitatesthebehaviorsofaclimbingtreeusingsensorsinitsheadwhichisalsoequippedwithalayerofplasticandaheatingelement.Bysofteningandextruding(擠壓出)theplasticinacircularpatter,itcan3D-printitsownbodyatarateoftwotosevenmillimetersperminute.(FiloBot通過頭部的傳感器模仿爬樹的行為，該傳感器還配備了一層塑料和加熱元件。通過將塑料軟化并擠壓成圓形，它可以以每分鐘2到7毫米的速度3D打印自己的身體。)”可知，FiloBot通過塑料軟化并擠壓成為圓形，促進生長。故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“Dr.MazzolaiandherteamrecentlycreatedFiloBot,arobotbasedonclimbingplants.Liketherealthing.FiloBotiscapableofgrowing,attachingtoandwrappingitselfaroundsupports,andadaptingitselftoanenvironmentinresponsetoexternalstimuli.(馬佐萊博士和她的團隊最近創造了一種基于攀緣植物的機器人FiloBot。就像真的一樣。FiloBot能夠生長，附著在支撐物上，并將自己包裹在支撐物周圍，并根據外部刺激使自己適應環境。)”以及全文內容可知，本文主要介紹一項新發明的機器人。故選B。第二節語句排序（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）11.將下列語句（A、B、C、D和E）按題號排序，構成一個符合邏輯的完整語篇。A.Thesesongsreflectedthemesfromthepeople’sdailylives,suchashuntinganimalsorplantingcrops.B.Asthesestorieswereoftenquitelong,theyoftenhadrhymeandrhythm(韻律)tohelppeoplerememberthemmoreeasily.C.Sincenothingwaswrittendown,overtheyearsdifferentversionsofthesesongsdeveloped,andeachareawouldhaveitsownrespectiverhythm.Inadditiontothis,peoplewouldrecitestoriesofpastheroes.D.Poetryprobablyhaditsoriginsintraditionalfolkmusictensofthousandsofyearsago.InthateratherewerenoTVsorfilms,andwritinghadnotbeeninvented,sopeoplewouldsitaroundthefireatnightandsingsongstoentertainthemselves.E.Inthebeginning,suchsongsandstorieshadaverysimpleformat,andovertimetheybecamemorecomplicatedandpolished.Thesewerenolongertheworksofamateurssittingaroundafirebutworksofpoetswhocaredabouttheirartandwhosometimesmadealivingfromit.________→________→________→________→________【答案】①.D②.A③.C④.B⑤.E【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章簡述了詩歌的起源與演變：源于民間音樂，反映日常生活，因無書寫記錄而版本多樣，并發展出獨特韻律。隨時間推移，詩歌從簡單變得復雜，成為專業詩人的藝術作品。【詳解】【答題空1】首段應引入話題，D項提到了“Poetryprobablyhaditsoriginsintraditionalfolkmusictensofthousandsofyearsago.”說明了詩歌的起源，引入了詩歌這一主題。故選D項。【答題空2】A項“Thesesongsreflectedthemesfromthepeople’sdailylives,suchashuntinganimalsorplantingcrops.”中的“thesesongs”指上文D項“sopeoplewouldsitaroundthefireatnightandsingsongstoentertainthemselves”中的songs，指的是幾萬年前人們圍坐火堆旁唱的歌，這些歌反映了與他們生活相關的一些主題。因此A項應在D項之后。故選A項。【答題空3】根據上文A項“Thesesongsreflectedthemesfromthepeople’sdailylives,suchashuntinganimalsorplantingcrops.”，接下來可講述這些歌曲的相關情況，C項所陳述的歌曲因無書面記錄而發展出各種版本，在不同時代有不同的旋律，而其中描述的英雄故事也為人們稱頌，講述的便是A項所提歌曲的情況，符合此處語篇發展。故選C項。【答題空4】聯系上文，B項提到“Asthesestorieswereoftenquitelong,theyoftenhadrhymeandrhythm(韻律)tohelppeoplerememberthemmoreeasily.”中的“thesestories”即指上文C項“peoplewouldrecitestoriesofpastheroes”中的stories，即人們傳頌的英雄故事常因太長而被加上節奏和韻律以方便記憶。故選B項。【答題空5】E項講述這種音樂形式的進一步發展，即這些歌曲一開始形式簡單，后逐漸變得復雜和完善，也不再是業余者的愛好而是謀生的職業了。E項既承接上文對原始歌曲形式的描述，又引出下文對其進一步發展的描述。故選E項。第三節選句填空（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。WorkingOutWhatYouWanttoDoThecareeryouhavedefinesyourlife,andtakingtimetothinkaboutitisanessentialexerciseforyoungpeople.Thebesttimetostartthinkingaboutpossiblecareersiswhileyouarestillatschool.____12____Somepeopleknowwhattheywanttodofromayoungage,butmanyothersjusthaveafewideasbouncingaroundintheirheads.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystogaininsightintoapossiblecareerpathistocompletea“careertest”.Theresultsofthetestwilltellyouaboutyourstrengthsandinterests,andsometestsalsosuggestcareersthatyoumaybesuitedto.____13____Therearedifferentkindsofcareertests.____14____Othersfocusmoreonaskingyoutoratedifferentkindsofworksituations,likeworkingasalibrarianoralawyer.____15____Theiranswersareanalyzedanddividedupbetweensixdifferenttypesofworkpersonalities.Theparticipantisthengivenachartshowingtheirscoreforeachtype.Thetopthreescoresareusedtomakeacodethatindicatestheparticipant’soverallworkpersonality.Thiscodeisthenusedtogeneratealistofcareersuggestions.Inconclusion,careertestsareclearlyaveryusefultool.____16____Thesecrettoagoodcareerisfindingsomethingthatyouarepassionateabout.Sotryafewtestsonlineandstartthinkingaboutyourfuturecareerrightnow!A.This,however,isnotalwayseasy.B.Youshouldmakegooduseofyourschooltime.C.Someaskquestionsaboutyourpersonalinterestsandattitudes.D.Youradvantagesandhobbieswillhelpyoufindarewardingjob.E.However,itisimportanttorememberthattheyareonlymeantforguidance.F.Havingthisinformationwillincreaseyourchancesoffindingajobyoulike.G.Onepopulartestaskstheparticipantstogradetheirpreferencesfordifferentworktasks.【答案】12.A13.F14.C15.G16.E【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章圍繞“思考并確定自己未來想要從事的職業”這一主題展開，介紹了思考職業選擇的重要性、進行職業測試的方法以及職業測試的種類和作用等。【12題詳解】根據空前內容“Thebesttimetostartthinkingaboutpossiblecareersiswhileyouarestillatschool.(思考未來可能從事的職業的最佳時間是在你還在上學的時候。)”可知，上文提到思考未來的職業的時間最好是在上學的時候。選項A“This,however,isnotalwayseasy.(然而，這并不總是那么容易。)”承上啟下，說明并不是所有人都能輕易地確定自己的職業方向，從而引出下文“Somepeopleknowwhattheywanttodofromayoungage,butmanyothersjusthaveafewideasbouncingaroundintheirheads.(有些人從很小的時候就知道自己想做什么，但很多人只是有一些想法在腦海中徘徊。)”。故選A。【13題詳解】上文“Theresultsofthetestwilltellyouaboutyourstrengthsandinterests,andsometestsalsosuggestcareersthatyoumaybesuitedto.（測試的結果會告訴你你的優點和興趣，有些測試還會建議你可能適合從事的職業。）”強調了職業測試能提供的有用信息。選項F“Havingthisinformationwillincreaseyourchancesoffindingajobyoulike.(擁有這些信息會增加你找到自己喜歡的工作的機會)”作為上文的結論句，強調了這些信息的重要性。故選F。【14題詳解】根據本段開頭“Therearedifferentkindsofcareertests.（有不同的職業測試類型。）”可知，有很多不同的職業測試類型。選項C“Someaskquestionsaboutyourpersonalinterestsandattitudes.(有些測試會問你的個人興趣和態度)”承接上文內容，指出一些測試的特色，為下文介紹其他測試類型做鋪墊。故選C。【15題詳解】根據空后內容“Theiranswersareanalyzedanddividedupbetweensixdifferenttypesofworkpersonalities.（他們的答案被分析并分成六種不同的工作性格類型。）”可推測，空處指的是某個測試內容。選項G“Onepopulartestaskstheparticipantstogradetheirpreferencesfordifferentworktasks.(一個流行的測試要求參與者對不同工作任務的喜好進行評分)”正是一個測試的內容，與下文的測試答案形成一致。故選G。【16題詳解】根據空前內容“Inconclusion,careertestsareclearlyaveryusefultool.(總之，職業測試顯然是一個非常有用的工具。)”可知，上文總結了職業測試作為一種有用工具的重要性。選項E“However,itisimportanttorememberthattheyareonlymeantforguidance.(然而，重要的是要記住它們只是用來指導的。)”與上文內容形成轉折，提醒讀者職業測試的結果并不是決定性的，而是作為參考和指導，幫助人們更好地了解自己的職業傾向和興趣。從而自然引出下文“Thesecrettoagoodcareerisfindingsomethingthatyouarepassionateabout.(找到一份好職業的秘訣是找到你熱愛的事情。)”。故選E.第三部分綜合應用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Istartedstuttering(結巴)at10whenmyfatherdied.Ilostconfidencewhenspeaking,especiallyinunfamiliarsituations.Scienceseemeda(n)____17____formeasIassumedthatresearchisdonealoneandrequireslittleinteractionwithothers.____18____,Isoonlearnedit’shardlyajobforsomeoneafraidtotalk.Throughoutthecourseofmydoctoralstudies,IpracticedeverytalkIhadto____19____overandoveruntilIwassureIwouldnothavetothinkaboutthecontentswhenpresenting.Duringgroupmeetings,wheremyfamiliarworkmatesalreadyknewaboutmy____20____,Ilearnedtospeakup.Butina____21____audience,suchasadepartmentalseminar(研討會),Ikeptquiet.IfIhadquestionduringatalk,Iwouldwaittoaskthespeaker____22____orjustkeepittomyself.Thisall____23____whenImovedtoanewinstitutionandwasaskedtostartaseminarseries.AndsuddenlyIwasinvitingpotentialspeakersandplanningtheir____24____.IsoonrealizedIcouldnotjustsitbackand____25____asbefore,butIwasworriedthatmystuttermighttripmeupinfrontofmyfellowworkers.Anyway,Imanagedtopushthat_____26_____asideandaccepttheresponsibility.Thefirstfewtalkswerequite_____27_____.AsIgotmorepracticeweekafterweek,Idiscoveredthe_____28_____wentfarbeyondbeingagoodhost.Istill_____29_____sometimes,andIcarefullychoosemywordsto_____30_____mystutter.ButIknowthatfacingmy_____31_____hashelpedmebecomeabetterresearcher.17.A.daydream B.mystery C.shelter D.adventure18.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.Fortunately D.However19.A.deliver B.write C.organize D.host20.A.failure B.career C.habit D.problem21.A.larger B.cleverer C.lessattentive D.moreenthusiastic22.A.constantly B.privately C.eagerly D.politely23.A.happened B.changed C.worked D.failed24.A.visits B.routes C.research D.deadline25.A.laugh B.imagine C.listen D.relax26.A.speech B.relationship C.seminar D.concern27.A.boring B.smooth C.inspiring D.stressful28.A.benefits B.responses C.requirements D.expectations29.A.showoff B.loseheart C.hesitate D.wonder30.A.cure B.hide C.describe D.understand31.A.words B.fears C.job D.choice【答案】17.C18.D19.A20.D21.A22.B23.B24.A25.C26.D27.D28.A29.C30.B31.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者患有口吃，為了逃避交流，作者投向了科學，但后來作者意識到研究也需要說話，經過不斷的練習講話以及作者思想的轉變，作者逐漸克服了口吃的問題，直面恐懼讓作者成了一名更好的研究者。【17題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：科學似乎是我的避難所，因為我認為研究是獨自完成的，幾乎不需要與他人互動。A.daydream白日夢；B.mystery秘密；C.shelter避難處；D.adventure冒險。根據“asIassumedthatresearchisdonealoneandrequireslittleinteractionwithothers”可知，作者認為科學研究是獨自完成的，很少需要與他人交流，因此科學對他來說是一個避難所，讓他可以避免與人交流。故選C。【18題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我很快就明白了它對于害怕交談的人來說并不是一項容易的工作。A.Therefore因此；B.Moreover而且；C.Fortunately幸運地；D.However然而。前文“Scienceseemeda(n)____1____formeasIassumedthatresearchisdonealoneandrequireslittleinteractionwithothers.”和“Isoonlearnedit’shardlyajobforsomeoneafraidtotalk”之間是轉折關系，作者意為科學是一個很少需要與人交流的地方，但作者發現這項工作對于害怕交流的人來說并不容易。故選D。【19題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我攻讀博士的整個過程中，我一遍又一遍地練習我必須發表的每一篇演講，直到我確信在演講時不必考慮內容。A.deliver發表；B.write寫；C.organize安排；D.host主持。根據“Throughoutthecourseofmydoctoralstudies,Ipracticedeverytalk”可知，Ihadto___3___是定語從句，修飾先行詞everytalk，這里表示發表演講，應用deliver。故選A。【20題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在小組會議上，我熟悉的同事已經知道了我的問題，我學會了大聲說話。A.failure失敗；B.career事業；C.habit習慣；D.problem問題。根據“myfamiliarworkmates”可知，熟悉作者的同事知道作者有口吃問題。故選D。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但在更大的聽眾中，比如在部門研討會上，我保持沉默。A.larger更大的；B.cleverer更聰明的；C.lessattentive更不注意力集中的；D.moreenthusiastic更熱情的。根據“suchasadepartmentalseminar(研討會)”可知，這里與“groupmeetings”相對，表示在更大的聽眾之中。故選A。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我在演講中有問題，我會等著私下問演講者，或者自己回答。A.constantly始終，重復不斷地；B.privately私下地；C.eagerly熱切地；D.politely禮貌地。根據上文中的“Butina____5____audience,suchasadepartmentalseminar(研討會),Ikeptquiet.”可知，當有更大的聽眾時，作者會保持沉默，如果有問題，作者會等著私下問演講者。故選B。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我搬到一個新的機構，并被要求開始一個系列的研討會時，一切都改變了。A.happened發生了；B.changed改變；C.worked工作；D.failed失敗。根據下文中的“IsoonrealizedIcouldnotjustsitbackand____9____asbefore”可知，作者意識到自己不能像以前那樣坐著不管了，所以事情發生了改變。故選B。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：突然間，我要邀請潛在的演講者，并計劃他們的訪問。A.visits訪問；B.routes路線；C.research研究；D.deadline截止日期。根據“invitingpotentialspeakers”可知，作者要邀請潛在的演講者前來演講，即安排他們來訪。故選A。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很快意識到我不能像以前那樣坐著聽，但我擔心我的口吃可能會讓我在同事面前出錯。A.laugh笑；B.imagine想象；C.listen聽；D.relax放松。根據上文中的“Butina____5____audience,suchasadepartmentalseminar(研討會),Ikeptquiet.”可知，作者以前會在研討會上保持沉默，即聽別人講。故選C。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不管怎樣，我設法把這種擔憂拋在一邊，接受了責任。A.speech演說；B.relationship關系；C.seminar研討會；D.concern擔心。根據上文中的“Iwasworriedthatmystuttermighttripmeupinfrontofmyfellowworkers”可知，對于這個任務，作者有一些擔心。故選D。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最初的幾次演講壓力很大。A.boring令人厭倦（或厭煩）的；B.smooth平滑的；C.inspiring鼓舞人心的；D.stressful壓力大的。根據下文中的“AsIgotmorepracticeweekafterweek,Idiscoveredthe____12____wentfarbeyondbeingagoodhost.”可知，一開始的幾次演講讓作者很有壓力，但隨著練習的增多，情況逐漸好轉。故選D。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著我一周又一周地進行更多的練習，我發現這些好處遠遠不止是成為一名好主持人。A.benefits好處；B.responses反應；C.requirements要求；D.expectations期望。根據空后的“wentfarbeyondbeingagoodhost”可知，作者發現這些演講帶來的好處很多，不僅僅是幫助作者成為一名優秀的主持人。故選A。【29題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：有時我還是會猶豫，我會謹慎地選擇措辭來掩飾我的口吃。A.showoff炫耀；B.loseheart喪失信心；C.hesitate猶豫；D.wonder想知道。根據“Icarefullychoosemywordsto____14____mystutter”可知，作者依然有口吃問題，但他會謹慎地選擇措辭來掩飾這個問題，由此可知，作者在說話口吃時會有猶豫的情況。故選C。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.cure治愈；B.hide掩蓋；C.describe描述；D.understand理解。根據空前的“carefullychoosemywords”可知，作者謹慎地選擇一些措辭來掩飾自己的口吃問題。故選B。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我知道，面對恐懼幫助我成了一名更好的研究者。A.words話語；B.fears恐懼；C.job工作；D.choice選擇。根據空前的“facingmy”以及上文作者逃避交流并與口吃問題抗爭可知，這里指面對恐懼。故選B。第二節語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容（1個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。XuYuanchong,aprofessoratPekingUniversity,wasfamousforhiscountlesstranslationworksofancientChinesepoetry.HemadegreatcontributionstointroducingforeignliteraturetoChina____32____ancientChinesepoetrytotheworld.____33____(know)as“theonlymasterinChina____34____cantranslateclassicalChinesepoetry,”Xutranslatedover120publicationsinChinese,English,andFrench.Heintroducedtotheworldcountlessancient____35____(poem)oftheTangDynastyandSongDynasty.HewontheAuroraBorealisPrizeforOutstandingTranslationofLiteraturein2014attheageof93,____36____(make)himthefirstpersoninAsiatowintheprize.Xutriedhishandattranslationincollege,whenhe____37____(quote)“ofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople”fromAbrahamLincoln____38____(explain)SunYat-sen’sThreePrinciplesofthePeopletoforeigners.Xu____39____(recognize)asoneofthe“fivetalents”attheNationalSouthwestAssociatedUniversity(1937-45)—aschoolwhosehistoryandgraduateshaveplayeda____40____(center)roleinmodernChina.Atanageof100,XustillstayedinasmallroomtodoShakespearetranslationsalmosteveryday.Itwasmorelike_____41_____pleasureinsteadofworktodescribetranslationforhim.【答案】32.and33.Known34.that##who35.poems36.making37.quoted38.toexplain39.wasrecognized40.central41.a【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了因其無數的中國古詩翻譯作品而聞名的北京大學教授許淵沖。【32題詳解】考查連詞。句意：他為把外國文學介紹給中國，并把中國古代詩歌介紹給世界做出了巨大貢獻。前后文之間是并列關系，用連詞and連接，表示“把外國文學介紹給中國，并且把中國古代詩歌介紹給世界”。故填and。【33題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：被譽為“中國唯一能翻譯中國古典詩詞的大師”，他翻譯了120多篇中、英、法出版物。此處為非謂語，動詞know和主語之間是被動關系，用其過去分詞作狀語。句首字母大寫，故填Known。【34題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：同上。此處引導限制性定語從句，先行詞為theonlymaster，指代人，用關系代詞that或who引導，在從句中作主語。故填that/who。【35題詳解】考查名詞復數。句意：他向世人介紹了無數唐宋古詩。根據前文countless可知，可數名詞poem應用復數，作賓語。故填poems。【36題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：2014年，93歲高齡的他獲得了北極光杰出翻譯文學獎，成為亞洲第一位獲得該獎項的人。此處為非謂語，動詞make和邏輯主語之間是主動關系，用其現在分詞作狀語，表示結果。故填making。【37題詳解】考查時態。句意：大學時，他曾嘗試過翻譯，在向外國人解釋孫中山的三民主義時，他引用林肯的“民有、民治、民享”。根據前后文可知，此處描述過去發生的事情，用一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式。故填quoted。【38題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：同上。quotesthtodosth“引用某事去做某事”，此處用不定式作目的狀語。故填toexplain。【39題詳解】考查時態和語態。句意：許被認為是西南聯合大學(1937-1945)的“五大人才”之一，這所學校的歷史和畢業生在現代中國發揮了核心作用。動詞和主語之間是被動關系，根據句意可知，此處描述過去發生的事情，用一般過去時的被動語態。主謂一致，故填wasrecognized。【40題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：同上。修飾名詞role應用形容詞。故填central。【41題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：給他描述翻譯更像是一種樂趣而不是工作。pleasure“快樂的事”是可數名詞，此處為泛指概念，用不定冠詞限定。且為輔音音素開頭，用不定冠詞a，故填a。第四部分詞匯基礎（共20分）第一節詞義匹配（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）根據句子內容，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中