GrammarinUse(RelativeClauseI)Unit1NATURELeadinCombiningintoRrelativeClauseSplitthefollowingsentenceintotwoseparateoneswithoutchangingthemeaning.1.Thereoncelivedakingwhohadapalacewithbeautifulgardens.Thereoncelivedaking.Thekinghadapalacewithbeautifulgardens.Thereoncelivedakingthekinghadapalacewithbeautifulgardens.whowho引導定語從句LeadinSplitthefollowingsentenceintotwoseparateoneswithoutchangingthemeaning.2.Peoplesangpraisesofthebeautyofthesegardensandthemanycreaturesthatliveinthem.Peoplesangpraisesofthebeautyofthesegardensandthemanycreaturesthere.

Thosecreatureslivedinthegardens.Peoplesangpraisesofthebeautyofthesegardensandthemanycreaturesthosecreaturesliveinthem.thatthat引導定語從句CombiningintoRrelativeClauseLeadinSplitthefollowingsentenceintotwoseparateoneswithoutchangingthemeaning.3.Theoldtreewhichthekingorderedtobecutdownhadactuallybeencollectedbytheyoungman’sfather.Theoldtreehadactuallybeencollectedbytheyoungman’sfather.

Thekingorderedtheoldtreetobecutdown.Theoldtreethekingorderedhadactuallybeencollectedbytheyoungman’sfather.whichtobecutdowntobecutdowntheoldtreeCombiningintoRrelativeClauseDefinitionofRelativeClauseArelativeclauseisusedtogivemoreinformationabouttheperson(s)orthething(s)referredtointhemainclause.1.Thereoncelivedakingwhohadapalacewithbeautifulgardens.mainclause主句定語從句(relativeclause)給出關于aking的更多信息先行詞(antecedent)關系代詞relativepronounGrammarHighlights功能1:為主句提到的人或物提供更多信息3.Theoldtreewhichthekingorderedtobecutdownhadactuallybeencollectedbytheyoungman’sfather.GrammarHighlightsDefinitionofRelativeClauseArelativeclauseisusedtospecify

which

person

or

thing

we

mean

or

which

type

of

person

or

thing

we

mean.mainclause主句定語從句(relativeclause)具體到是哪個old

tree先行詞(antecedent)關系代詞relativepronoun功能2:具體指向主句中所提到的是哪個人或物3.Thegardens

which

belong

to

the

wealthyareusuallyas

beautiful

as

paradise.GrammarHighlightsDefinitionofRelativeClauseArelativeclauseisusedtospecify

which

person

or

thing

we

mean

or

which

type

of

person

or

thing

we

mean.mainclause主句定語從句(relativeclause)具體到是哪類gardens先行詞(antecedent)關系代詞relativepronoun功能2’:具體指向主句鐘所提到的是哪類人或物Let’sdoit.IIConnectsentencesusingarelativepronoun.Use“-”toindicatewherearelativepronounisnotnecessary.Hetookmetoseetheoldgardenbridge.(Heisrebuildingit.)

2.Sealionsareintelligentanimals.(Theycanbetrainedtomonitorandreportontheunderwaterconditions.)

Heisrebuildingtheoldgardenbridge–hetookmetosee.Sealionsareintelligentanimalswhichcanbetrainedtomonitorandreportontheunderwaterconditions.Let’sdoit.3.Peoplehavetopayfortheiractionsorcleanup.(Theycreateair,water,andwastepollution)

4.Wearegoingtointerviewpeople.(Theirjobistostudyhuman’simpactonourplanet.)Peoplecreateair,waterandwastepollution–theyhavetopayfororcleanup.Wearegoingtointerviewpeoplewhosejobistostudyhuman’simpactonourplanet.三要素STEP02先行詞(antecedent)：“先行”一步的東西或人，走在定語從句前面。

被修飾的名詞或代詞。關系詞(relativewords)：像關系調和劑，想辦法讓定語從句和先行詞搭上關系。（1）用來引導定語從句；（2）代替先行詞在從句中做成分。定語從句(relativeclause)：像個跟屁蟲，跟在先行詞后面，用來修飾先行詞。Eg：Wendyisagirlwhoisbeautiful.STEP02定語從句關系詞解題步驟：1確2代3定Step1確定先行詞（被修飾的詞），一般就是“_____”前緊挨著的詞Step2把先行詞代入到從句中，分析先行詞在定從句子中所作成分

主語（whothatwhich）、

賓語（whowhomthatwhich可省略）、

定語（whose...的）、狀語（whenwherewhy）Step3（當先行詞在后面從句中做定語/狀語時Step3不用考慮）

人：who/that/whom（賓語）；物：which\thatWendyis

a

girl

______________

many

students

like.Beijingisaplace______________manyforeignersvisit.Iknowthewoman_____________hatispink.who\whom\thatwhich\thatwhose關系代詞STEP02關系代詞先行詞從句中作用who人主\賓語whom人賓語whose人或物定語，“…的”that人或物主\賓語which物主\賓語只有在做賓語時可省略分析STEP02Heisacleverman____________waselectedPresidentoftheUSA.Step1先行詞是______；Step2將先行詞代入從句分析成分：______waselectedPresidentoftheUSA.做_____。

Step3關系詞是__________，用_______。manwho\thatman

主語人關系副詞STEP02關系代詞先行詞充當成分能否省略when時間：day,

time,

year…時間狀語不可省略where地點：the

place,

thecity,Beijing地點狀語why原因：thereason原因狀語關系副詞STEP02Thisisthehouse.Mr.Trumplivesinthehouse.ThisisthehousewhichMr.Trumplivesin.ThisisthehouseinwhichMr.trumplives.ThisisthehousewhereMr.Trumplives.(狀語成分，用關系副詞)Thisisthehouse____________Mr.Trumplives.Step1先行詞是________；Step2將先行詞代入從句分析成分：Mr.Trumplives____________.做_____。Step3關系詞是__________，用_______。thehousewhereinthehouse地點狀語

Let’sTryit.IIICompletethepassagewiththerelativeclausesfromtheoptionsgivenbelow.A.thatlivethere.B.thatarriveeachdayC.whocometotheislandD.whoselifeiseasyandrelaxedE.whoplannedtocomebackandcookthemF.whohasvisitedthetinyislandofBigMajorCayLet’sdoit.Dopigsswim?Anyone1______cananswerthisquestion.Thisislandhasattractedinternationalmediaattentionbecauseoftheswimmingpigs2______.Nooneknowsforsurehowthesepigsfirstgottotheisland.Somesaytheywereleftbyagroupofsailors3________.

A.thatlivethere.B.thatarriveeachdayC.whocometotheislandwhoselifeiseasyandrelaxedwhoplannedtocomebackandcookthemwhohasvisitedthetinyislandofBigMajorCayFAELet’stryit.A.thatlivethere.B.thatarriveeachdayC.whocometotheislandwhoselifeiseasyandrelaxedwhoplannedtocomebackandcookthemwhohasvisitedthetinyislandofBigMajorCayDBLet’stryit.People6_____cannotonlygetaselfiewiththeswimmingpigs,butalsoenjoyaboattripalongtheattractivecoastlines,anddiscoveritsendlessnaturalbeauty.A.thatlivethere.B.thatarriveeachdayC.whocometotheislandwhoselifeiseasyandrelaxedwhoplannedtocomebackandcookthemwhohasvisitedthetinyislandofBigMajorCayC關系副詞PK關系代詞Thisisthehotel______________Istayed.Thisisthehotel______________Ivisited.Iwillnotforgettheday______________Ileftmyhometown.Iwillnotforgettheday______________Ispendinmyhometown.where\inwhichwhichwhen\onwhichwhich只用that的情況（1）當先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。ThisisthemostdeliciousfoodthatIhaveeverhad.（2）當先行詞是all，little，few，much，any，everything，anything，nothing，none等不定代詞或被這些詞修飾時。Tellmeeverythingthatyouknow.（3）當先行詞被theonly，thevery，thelast，thesame等修飾時。ThisistheverybookthatIwanttobuy.這就是我想買的那本書。（4）當先行詞既包括人又包括物時。Heaskedaboutthefactoriesandworkersthathehadvisited.他問起他參觀過的工廠和拜訪過的工人。（5）當主句是以who，which開頭的特殊疑問句時。Whichofthebooksthathadpictureswasworthreading?只用that的情況練習（1）Thefirstthing

youshoulddoiscallthepolicerightaway.（2）All

canbedonehasbeendone.

（3）Pleasesendusanyinformation

youhaveaboutthesubject.（4）Theonlything

shecoulddowasgotothepoliceforhelp.（5）Sometimesweshouldignorethepersonsandthings

upsetus.（6）Whichofthebooks

youboughtisthemostusefulformywriting?

（7）Thisisthefunniestfilm

Ihaveeverwatched.thatthatthatthatthatthatthat只用that的口訣:多少不一，恰人物最虛（1）多少：從少到多no,none,neither,little,few,alittle,afew,much,many,all,each,both;（2）不：不定代詞some--thing，any-allevery-noneno-neither…（3）一：一個，唯一theone;theonly;（4）恰：恰好thevery\theright+先行詞（5）人物：先行詞中有人又有物；（6）最：形容詞最高級+先行詞；（7）虛：序數詞+先行詞（thefirst\thenext\thelast+先行詞）非限制性定語從句Mr.Trump,whograduatedfromUpenn，wontheelection.Themanwho\thatwontheelection