主謂一致Grammar主語(yǔ)不同，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式就會(huì)不同，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)隨著主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)的變化而變化，這就是我們所說(shuō)的主謂一致。英語(yǔ)的主謂一致大致可以分為兩類(lèi)，一類(lèi)是語(yǔ)法上一致，一類(lèi)是意義上一致。語(yǔ)法主謂一致指如果主語(yǔ)形式上是復(fù)數(shù)形式，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也是復(fù)數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也是單數(shù)第三人稱形式。如：HisflightleavesearlyonMondaymorning.Afewstudentsfromhisschoolaregoing,too.語(yǔ)法主謂一致在語(yǔ)法主謂一致中要注意以下幾種情況：1）由連接兩個(gè)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：ThemotherandfatherspeakalittleEnglish.Bothbreadandbutteraresoldout.面包和黃油都賣(mài)光了。2）either,each,every,no+單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，如：Eachofushasgotanewbook.我們每個(gè)人都有一本新書(shū)。Nostudentlikesthiskindofcomputergames.沒(méi)有一個(gè)學(xué)生喜歡這款游戲。注意：當(dāng)noneof作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果其后的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果是可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以用單數(shù)形式，也可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Noneofthewaterwasleft.Noneofthestudentshas/haveeverbeentotheisland.意義主謂一致指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式變化不是視主語(yǔ)的形式如何，而是視其所指為單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。在意義主謂一致中有以下幾點(diǎn)要注意：意義主謂一致1）表示金錢(qián)、時(shí)間、距離等的名詞按單數(shù)對(duì)待，如：Twothousanddollarsisthecostofthecourse.Fourkilometresisnotveryfar.Eighthoursisreallyaverylongtime.因?yàn)椴徽摱嗌馘X(qián)都可以算作一筆錢(qián)，多遠(yuǎn)的距離都可以視為一段距離，多長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間都可以看作一段時(shí)間。2）集體名詞一般按單數(shù)對(duì)待，但如果強(qiáng)調(diào)其成員可以視為復(fù)數(shù)，如：Hisfamilyiscomingtomeethimattheairport.ThewholefamilywerehavingsupperwhenIdroppedin.常見(jiàn)的同種用法的集體名詞有family,group,class,population等。但是police,people,cattle作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞卻都要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Thepolicehaven’tcaughtthethiefyet.3）在“some/therestof+名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，要視名詞所指而定。作主語(yǔ)的如果是some/therestof接名詞，一般要看其后名詞是可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)，是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。如果是復(fù)數(shù)形式，那么謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果是單數(shù)，那么謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式。如：Therestofthemoney

wasgiventohim.如：Someofthesummercamps

areinthecountrysideoronlakes.其中一些夏令營(yíng)扎在鄉(xiāng)村或湖上。Therestofthemoney

wasgiventohim.剩下的錢(qián)都給了他。1）therebe句型中的主謂一致雖然在therebe句型中there具有語(yǔ)法主語(yǔ)的功能，但是主謂一致卻常常是視后面的名詞而定。如：TherearemanythingstodoinLosAngeles.Thereislittlewaterleftinthecup.特殊句型中的主謂一致2）定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式如何確定呢？我們知道引導(dǎo)詞本身只是一個(gè)形式。定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式是根據(jù)先行詞而定的。如：如：Everydaywehaveactivitieswhichtakeplaceafterclass.

which指的是activities,因此，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(2)Ihavegotsomegreatshotsoftheboywhoplaystheguitarontheleft.

who指theboy，因此，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式。3）由either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso連接的兩個(gè)詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，根據(jù)就近原則，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式以鄰近的主語(yǔ)的數(shù)而定。如：

EitherBoborPeteriswatchingthe17thWorldCupnow．1Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewords.1Oneofmybestfriends_____(have)movedtoAmerica.2Thestudent,withthehostfamily,_____(be)invitedtoawelcomepartywhenhearrivedatthecity.3Insummer,myfamilyalways______(eat)lunchinthepark.haswaseats4Atthemoment,thewholeclass_______________(enjoy)sightseeingtripsinthecity.5Thegovernment____(be)tryingtoprotecttheenvironment.6Mystudygroup______(want)tohavepenfriends.7Myfather’scompany____(be)payingforsummercoursesforourclass.is/areenjoyingiswantsis8Ourteam_____(have)organizedamatchagainstavisitingschool.9Sixweeks____(be)alongtimetobeawayfromhome.10Thepolice_____(be)hopingthere’llbenotroubleattheconcert.hasisare2.Readtheadvertisement.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.LetanAmericanfamilyteachyouallaboutlifeintheUSA.Studentsstudytogetheringroups.Plentyofactivitiesforstudents.Forstudentsfromallovertheworld.Cost:$8001Studentsareputintogroups,andeachgroup________together.2The______ofthecourseis$800.3_______________iswithlocalAmericanfamilies.4Thewholefamily________studentsaboutlifeintheUSA.accommodationcomecostcultureprogressprovidetakepartteachstudystudiescostAccommodationteaches5It’sagreatwaytolearnaboutAmerican__________.6Plentyofactivities_____________forstudents.7Allstudentsareencouragedto__________indifferentactivities.8Students______fromallovertheworld.9Bytheendofthecourse,studentswillhavemadelotsofnewfriends--andgood_________inEnglish!cultureareprovidedtakepartcomeprogress4.Answerthequestionssothattheyaretrueforyou.1Whatisyourfavoritemusicgroup?2Wheredoesyourfamilylive?3Whatisthenameofoneofyourbestfriends?4Whatlessonisyourclassgoingtohaveafterthisone?5Whatsportsteamdoyousupport,andwhy?5.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.DearTina,I’mwritingtoyoufromBeijingwhereourclass(1)__________Chineseatalanguageschool.AlthoughmyunderstandingofChinesecustoms(2)______________,I’mstillfindingthingsdifficult.helpimproveknoworganisespeakstaystudytravelisstudyingisimprovingI--withsomeoneelseinmyclass,(3)_____________inaChinesehome.TheChinesefamily(4)_______uswithourChinese.Themotherandfather(5)_______alittleEnglish,buttherestofthefamilyif(6)______onlyChinesetous.Everymorningasmallgroupofus(7)amstayinghelpknowspeak_______toschooltogether.Intheafternoon,afterclass,theschool(8)_________plentyofactivitiesforus.I’mhavingagoodtime,butIwishmywholefamilywereherewithme!Love,Kirstytravelsorganises6.Completetheconversationwiththecorrectphrasesinthebox.assoonascheckinofcoursepayforpickuptakeofftakeplaceNaomi:Areyousurewe’vegottickets,Mike?Mike:(1)___________.IbookedthemonWednesday,ontheInternet.Naomi:Didyou(2)________themonline?OfcoursepayforMike:Yes.ThenIwentto(3)_____them___attheofficeinthecitycentre.Naomi:Whendoesourplane(4)________?Mike:Inanhour.Butweneedto(5)_________immediately.(6)____________wearrive,we’llgostraighttothemeeting.Naomi:Whendoesit(7)__________?Mike:Attwoo’clockthisafternoon.pickuptakeoffcheckinAssoonastakeplace7.Listenandanswerthequestions.1Whohasleftthemessage?2WhatisthesurnameofJane’sAmericanfamily?3WhereisWangFengnow?Wangfengleftthemessage.ThesurnameoftheAmericanfamilyisBrown.He’sathomewithhisAmericanfamily.4WhatdoeshethinkofhisAmericanfamily?5Whataretheygoingtowatch?6WhatdoesWangFeng’sfamilythinkofthejazzgroup?Hethinksthatthey’rereallynice.They’regoingtowatchavolleyballmatch.Theythinkthatthey’rereallygood.JazzplanetCanada$5afreedrinkModuletaskHavingaclassdiscussionaboutsummercourses9.Planwhatyouwanttosayaboutsummercourses.Thinkaboutyouranswerstothequestionsandwritenotes.1Haveyouevertakenasummercourse?Howwasit?2Isitbettertotakeasummercourseordosomethingcompletelydifferent?3Ifyouweren’tdoingwellinasubject,wouldyouwanttotakeasummercourse?10.Takepartinyourclasstalk.Anddrawconclusions.4Ifyoutakeasummercourse,doesthatmakeitdifficulttostartschoolagaininautumn?5Writetwogoodthingsabouttakingasummercourseandtwobadthings.Exercise中考練兵1.Nonews________goodnews.Ithinkhe’llbebacksoon.A.is B.are C.was D.were2.Maths________myfavouritesubject.A.are B.is C.am D.be中考練兵3.Halfoftheclass_____mostofthework.Someofthework________reallydifficult.A.havedone,is B.hasdone,areC.hasdone,is D.havedone,are4.Inourclass________ofthestudents_____