優點英語高中新題型之閱讀理解七選五題型解讀與解題技巧題型解讀完形填空和七選五有異曲同工之妙，完形填空填的是詞，七選五填的是句子，但七選五在難度上要遠遠高于完形填空。七選五題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結構和內容上的聯系，理解句子之間、段落之間的關系，把握文章脈絡。選材特點短文一般為300詞左右的說明文或議論文，其中正文詞數240左右，選項詞數60左右。短文篇章結構常歸納為：提出問題——解決問題，一般不在首句設空。設空類型?主旨句（標題類，主題句類）?過渡性句子（文章結構）?細節注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）解題步驟和解題技巧解題步驟：1.先讀文章的開始部分，明確文章的基本話題，然后仔細閱讀五個空各自的前后句，尋找并畫出關鍵詞。2.要對文章中出現的銜接手段保持敏感度。銜接手段分為三種：詞匯銜接、邏輯銜接、結構銜接。可按這幾個原則判斷原文的空與選項是否匹配。3.一旦確定一個選項，就要在該選項上做出標記（例如可以刪掉），以避免干擾和分散注意力。4.將選項代入到文章中重讀，依據行文邏輯，再次確定選項。解題技巧1.詞匯復現法復現，是保證文章前后銜接而經常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對同一個概念進行重復描述。復現關系，主要是指同義詞復現、近義詞復現、反義詞復現等。典例1….halfofshoppersrefusedtoqueueformorethanfiveminutesinahighstreetshop.TheInternet,whichallowsshopperstobuymoregoods,withjustaclickofthemouseisoneofthereasonswhypeople’spatienceappearstobethin.A.Itwastypicalinthepast.B.Butitwouldseemwearenolongerpreparedtowaitinline.C.Morepeopleprefertoclickthemouseforshoppingathome.D.Asaresult,foodanddrinksellersarehavingtofindnewwaystodelivergoodcustomerservice.[解析]答案為C。前面的內容講述了由于網上購物只需要點點鼠標，所以人們的耐心減弱了，自然人們更加喜歡在家點鼠標購物。選項C與文中mouse是同詞復現。典例2...Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday-to-dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture,meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage,andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld.Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense,timeawayfromone’sschool,family,...A.Thefollowingareitsadvantages.B.However,theremaybeanumberofdisadvantagesC.ConsideradistanceeducationD.Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool.「解析]答案為B。下一句具體解釋disadvantages的內容，B項意思“然而，有很多的缺點”正好啟下，B項中的disadvantages與下一句中的disadvantages屬于同詞復現。2.同范疇詞出現同范疇詞是指跟此詞匯相關或同一領域的詞匯在文章中共同出現，達到語義銜接的目的。你可以在選項中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達到快而準。一般來說，上下文中詞匯聯系越接近，上下文的銜接關系越緊密。典例3Everybodygetsstressedtimetotime.Trytakingthesefourstepsthenexttimeyouarestressed:(1)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talktoatrustedadult,suchasaparentorotherrelatives.TheymighthavehadsimilarproblemssuchasdealingwithatestorthedeathofabelovedpetA.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.C.Differentpeoplefeelstressindifferentways.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends[解析]答案為F。getsupport這一小點主要講的是從可以相信的人身上得到支持，前面已經提到了父母、親戚，可以相信的人還有朋友，父母、親戚和朋友都是同范疇的人，是可以相信的人。3.代詞線索英語表達中代詞出現的頻率極高，代詞的作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關系和根據代詞的單復數差異可以準確而快速地解題。典例4...Theysaythefirststepistoadmitthatyouareangryandtorecognizetherealcauseoftheanger....A.DoctorssaythesolutionislearninghowtodealwithangerB.Hesaidthatlaughterismuchhealthierthananger.C.Angerisanormalemotionthatweallfeelfromtimetotime.「解析]答案為A。后面的They一定是指代前面一句話中提到的人，只有A項有具體的人“Doctors”，故選A項。4.邏輯關系線索(1)表示時間:now，then，afterwards，fiveminuteslater,soon,beforelong,afte1that,meanwhile,tothisday,justnow,justthen等。(2)表示順序:first/firstly，firstofall，second/secondly,next，third/thirdly,atfirst,atlast,intheend,finally等。(3)表示遞進關系:besides，also，what’smore,inaddition,evenmore,oncemore,moreover等。(4)表示因果關系:because，so，therefore’asaresult,thanksto,becauseof,dueto等。(5)表示轉折關系:but，vet，however，while，onthecontrary等。(6)表示條件關系:if，unless，aslongas，solongas，onconditionthat等。(7)表示結果關系:thus，therefore，asaresult，luckily，unfortunately等。(8)表示強調關系:aboveall，indeed,surely,certainly,ofcourse,afterall,atleastatmost等。(9)表示過渡性插入語:generallyspeaking，Ithink,Ihope,asyouknow等。檢測訓練基礎過關Test1Takingnotesisausefulwayforstudentstoimprovetheirlearning.Goodnotescanhelpstudentsfinishtheirhomeworkmorequicklyandgetbettergradesinexams.____1____Herearesomesuggestionstosolvetheproblem.Themostimportantthingyouneedtodobeforeaclassistoprepareforthelesson.____2____Anditcangiveyouanideaofhowtoorganizetheinformationinyournotebook.Besides,ifthereissomethingtoodifficulttounderstand,youwillknowtotakemorespecific（具體的）notesaboutit.____3____Nomatterwhichstyleyouuse,yournotesshouldbeclearatfirstsight!____4____Instead,writedownthemostimportantinformation,forexample,mainideasandexamplesdiscussedinclass.Toremembertheinformationasmuchaspossible,you’dbetterreviewyournoteswithin24hoursafteryourclass.Andattheendofyournotesforeachclass,writeasummary（總結）.____5____Trytodobetterintakingnotes,andthenitwillhelpyoustudybetter!A．Manystudentshavegoodwaystotakenotes.B．Don’twritedowneverywordtheteachersays.C．Youneedtofindastyleofnote-takingthatworksbestforyou.D．However,somestudentsmaynotbesurehowtotakegoodnotes.E．Thiswillhelpyoumuchbetterunderstandwhatyouhavelearned.F．Bydoingthis,youwillbeabletoknowwhatyouaregoingtolearn.G．Somestudentsareusedtotakingdownthekeyinformationinclass.Test2TheworldhasbeentroubledbyCOVID-19foroverayear.Masks(口罩)arereallyimportanttoeverybodyduringthepandemic(疫情).Weallwearmaskseveryday.____6____.Thiscouldbecomeabigenvironmentalproblem.Inastudy,scientistsfromtheUSandDenmarksaidthatpeoplearoundtheworldarenowusing129billionfacemaskseverymonth.____7____.Whatalargenumberitis!AccordingtoElvisGenboXufromtheUniversityofSouthernDenmark,disposable(一次性的)masksareplasticproducts.____8____.Peoplethinkthattheyareanewkindofpollution.____9____.Butwecan’trecyclemasks.Scientistshavecalledforsettingupmask-onlytrashcans(垃圾箱)todealwithmaskwaste.____10____.Webelievethatwecansolvethisprobleminthenearfuturethoughthereisstillalotofworktodo.A．Theyalsosuggestthatweusemorereusablecottonmasks.B．Otherplasticproductsareoftenrecycled.C．Butwehavetothrowthemawayafterashorttime.D．Thatistosay,weuse2.8millionmaskseveryminute!E．Theseusedplasticmaskscannotonlypollutetheearthbutalsooceans.Text3Knowingthebestwaytostudywillhelpyoutobeabetterstudent.Byusingyourtimeproperly,youcandoyourhomeworkmorequickly.____11____Thefirstthingtorememberisthatyoumustbewillingtolearn.____12____Itdoesmean,however,thatyoumustbewillingtodowhateverisnecessarytolearn.Trytounderstandwhyitisimportantandhowitwillhelpyoulearnotherthings.Knowingmathematicsfactswillbeusefulinyourwholelife.Knowinghowtospellmakesanykindofwritingeasier.Sometimesthesubjectthatyouthinkisgoingtobeuninterestingwillbeexcitingwhenyoubegintoworkatitandunderstanditmoreclearly.____13____Here'ssomeadviceforyou:haveacertaintimeeachdayandaquietplacewithgoodlightingforstudy,sothatyoucanconcentrateonyourstudywithoutinterruption(打擾).____14____Besureyouunderstandwhatyoushouldlearnbeforeyoustart.Readcarefullyandpayspecialattentiontothemostimportantthings.Whenmemorizingsomething,firstfindoutthemainpartsandthenrecitethewholething.____15____Neverforgettheimportanceofreviewsandpreviews.A．Learningtostudyisnotdifficult.B．Itisnecessarytotakenotesinclass.C．Checkyourhomeworkafteryoufinishit.D．Itdoesn'tmeanthatyoumustalwayslikethesubject.E．Rememberthatyoumustfollowtheteacherinstudying.F．Leaningthingscanbefunifyouarewillingtoworkwiththem.G．Haveeverythingreadybeforeyousitdowntostudylikeadictionary,paper,apenandbooks.Test4Ifyou'relikemostpetowners,youprobablytalktoyourpetallthetime,evenifyoufeelalittlesillyaboutit.Butexpertssayyourpetisactually“talking”backtoyou,evenifyoudon'ttotallyunderstandwhatthey're'tryingtosay.Catsanddogsareextremelycognitive(認知的)beingsandcommunicatewithusallthetime.Apet'scognitionstartsdevelopingassoonasthey'rebornandchangeswithagejustlikehumans.Whatiscognition?___16___Itinvolvesmemory,theabilitytodealwithachangingenvironmentandinteractingwithotherindividuals.Justlikepeople,petsgothroughage-relatedcognitivechanges,butthesechangescanoftenbeconfusedwithphysicalissuesbecausetheylooksimilar.Howdoyounoticecognitivechanges?___17___Thefollowingcouldbecluesthatyourpet'scognitionisoff.●Theyappearconfusedorcannotremembertheirtraining.Forgettingtricksorhousetrainingcanbeclues.●___18___Ifyourpetisshowinglessaffection,itmaybeasignthatthey'rehavingtroublerememberingpeople.●Aggression.Suddenaggressiontowardstrangersandevenfamilymemberscanbeasignthatthey'velosttheabilitytorecognizepeople.●Lackofappetite.___19___●Changeinsleep-wakecycle.Sleepingalldayandstayingupallnightisnotnormalbehaviorandmaybeasignofsomethingmore.Givingyourpetgoodnutritionisextremelyimportant.___20___Certainnutrientslikeantioxidants(抗氧化物)fromvegetables,alongwithvitaminsandfatsfromcoconuts,canallhelpboostanagingdog'sbrain.And,ifyourpetisovertheageof7,it'stimetostartlookingforaseniorbrandoffood.Ifyourpetisexhibitingstrangebehavior,talktoyourvet(獸醫)aboutwhatnextstepsyoucantake.A．Lackofinteractionoraffection.B．Theyaren'tinterestedinanything.C．It'snotalwayseasytonoticethese.D．Petshavecognitionthesameashuman.E．Nutritionhelpsbridgethegapforcognitionasyourpetages.F．Yourpetmayforgetwheretheirbowlisorwhentoexpectfood.G．Cognitionistheabilitytolearnsomethinganddocomplextasks.Test5Coloringbooksarenolongerjustforchildren!Infactadultcoloringbooksaretoppingbestsellerlists.Whyhaveadultsdecidedtostartcoloringagain?___21___Itistorelievestressandanxiety.___22___Theytakeonfull-timejobsthatoftendemandmorethan40hoursaweek,equallyaspart-timejobs,familyresponsibilities.Formany,therejustaren’tenoughhoursintheday,whichexplainswhypractisingmindfulnessbecomessopopular.It’simportanttosetasidesometimetocalmthethoughts.Coloringcanbeanescapefromeverydaystress.Itistogobacktotheirchildhood.Atrendamongadultsistoseekoutchildhoodexperiences.That’swhysummercampsforadultsarecroppingup(大量出現)acrossthecountry.___23___Abrandnewcoloringbookwithbrightmarkers,crayons,andcoloredpencilsprovideendlesspossibilities.Adultcoloringbooksaremuchmoredetailedthancoloringbooksforchildren,buttheemotionsaresimilarandallowadultstofeelasiftheyare“akidagain”.___24___Adultsareconstantlystaringatscreens:Desktops,laptops,tablets,phones,TVS,etc.Whetherforbusinessorpersonaluse,ithasbecomeverydifficultto“putdown”.Evensomereadershavee-readersandtabletstoconsumebooks,magazines,andnewspapers.___25___Ofcourse,totrulyrealizethebenefitofsteppingawayfromthedevicesforaperiodoftime,youcan’tconstantlybecheckingthemwhileyoucolor!Turnthemoffandleavetheminanotherroom.A．Adultsleadbusy,tiringlives.B．Coloringbooksareexpensive.C．Itistoputdownthetechnology.D．Hereare3reasonstoletyoudeeplyunderstandit.E．Perhapsnothingismoreequaltochildhoodthanacoloringbook.F．Itistopractisethepatienceandimprovetheirrelationwithchildren.G．Anadultcoloringbookprovidesagreatoutlettoescapefromallofthescreens.Test6I'moftenaskedhowtostudyEnglisheffectively.Ithinkthismeansgettingthemostoutofyourstudytime,andthatmeansvariety._____26_____StudyEveryDayIt'simportanttostudyEnglisheveryday.However,don'texaggerate(夸張)!_____27_____ThishabitofstudyingEnglisheverydaywillhelpkeepEnglishinyourbrainfresh.ALittleGrammar,aLittleListening,aLittleReading,andaLittleWriting___28___Studyalittlegrammar,thendoashortlisteningexercise,andthenreadanarticleonthesametopic.Don'tdotoomuch;twentyminutesonthreedifferenttypesofexercisesisplenty!____29____Giveyourselfonegrammargoalwhenreadinganewarticleorwatchinganewvideo.Forexample,trytowritedowneachexampleofaformyouarestudyingsuchasthepresentperfect.Usecoloredpenstohighlight(使……突出)formsthatyouarestudying.UseDifferentLearningMethodsDon'tjustuseonewaytostudyEnglish.Usemanykindsofmethodswhichwillmakeallthepartsofyourbrainhelpyou._______30_______Allofthesemethodstogetherhelpwithyourlearning.FindSomeFriendsYoucanpracticetheexercisestogether,haveconversationstogether(inEnglish),and,asyoustudyEnglishtogether,helpeachotherwithexercisesyoumaynotunderstand.A．ForgetGrammarB．ReviewGrammarasYouWatchorReadC．HerearesomesimpleexercisestohelpyouwarmupD．HerearesomebasicideastohelpyouasyoustudyEnglishE．Studyforthirtyminuteseverydayinsteadoftwohoursonceaweek.F．MakesurethatyoustudyanumberofareasratherthanfocusingonjustoneG．Forexample,ifyouarelearningnewvocabulary,createawordmap,describeapicture,makealist...Test7根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。___31___However,itispossibletopreventstressaswellasreduceitseffectwhenitcan’tbeavoided.Thefollowingarewaystodealwithstress.___32___Running,walking,playingtennis,andworkinginyourgardenarejustsomeoftheactivitiesyoumighttry.Youshouldmakeeveryefforttogetenoughrestandeatwell.Ifyoueasilygetangryandcan’tsleepwellenough,orifyou’renoteatingproperly,itwillbemorelikelythatyouwillfallintostressfulsituations._____33_____Scheduletimeforbothworkandentertainment.Don’tforget,playcanbejustasimportanttoyourhealthaswork.___34___Gowindow-shoppingorworkonahobby.Allowyourselfatleasthalfanhoureachdaytodosomethingyouenjoy.Stresscanresultfromdisorganizationandafeelingthat“there’ssomuchtodo,andnotenoughtime”.Makealistofeverythingyouhavetodo.____35____Remember:doonethingatatime,andcheckoffeachtaskitiscompleted.A．Ifstressrepeatedlykeepsyoufromsleeping,youshouldseeadoctor.B．You’dbettergetintogoodlivinghabits.C．Youneedabreakfromyourdailyroutinetojustrelaxandhavefun.D．Itisimpossibletolivecompletelyfreeofstress.E．Setouttodothemostimportanttaskfirst.F．Tryingreleasingthepressurethroughexerciseisprobablyagoodchoice.G．Stresscaninfluencepeopledthoughtsandfeelings.真題初體驗（2021全國乙卷）AccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it’snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty.___36___,ifyou’reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou’rewanderingintosomebody’shouseforthefirsttime.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whatdoyoudoforaliving?”,you’llbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyou’retalkingto.___37___,itcanbringin“Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle”or“Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback.”Itjustopensupconversation.___38___?Ifyoucan’ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox（講臺）.Ifyou’rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.___39___.Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou’refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment（贊揚）.___40___.Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”Sobeinginterestingatadinnerpartyisn’tthathard.A.HowdoyouknowthehostB.ThefirststepistogoexploringC.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”D.BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersE.OrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayF.Whataboutthatpersonwhohadtoomuchtodrinkorwon’tstoptalkingG.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost（2021新高考I卷）MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.____36____Sothefi