新概念英語1-L133-134課件1Let’

share!2What’s

the

most

sensational

news

youhave

ever

heard?Video:

the

latest

newsNew

words

and

expressions3reporter

[ri'p?:t?] n．記者sensational

[sen'sei??n?l]adj．爆炸性的，聳人聽聞的mink

coat['mi?k-k?ut]

貂皮大衣456New

words

and

expressions7n．記者reporter

[ri'p?:t?]adj．爆炸性的，聳人聽聞的sensational

[sen'sei??n?l]貂皮大衣mink

coat['mi?k-k?ut]直接引語變間接引語直接引語He

said,”I

like

English

verymuch.”間接引語

He

said

that

he

liked

Englishvery8much.直接轉述別人的話，用引號。用自己的話轉述別人的話。一般情況下是賓語從句(1)人稱的變化She

says,

“I

am

a

busdriver.”→She

says

(that)

she

is

a

bus

driver.He

says,

“My

mother

will

come

backtomorrow.”→

He

says

(that)his

mother

will

come

backtomorrow.Tom

says,“You

are

a

good

student.”→

Tom

says

I

ama

goodstudent.9時態變化10指示代詞，時間狀語，地點狀語的11Text12Do

you

still

remember

Karen

Marsh?What

is

she?How

old

is

she?What

reasons

did

Karen

Marsh

give

for

wantingtoretire?Because

she

said

she

felt

very

tired.13Further

Questions

:1.Whois

thereporter?AlanJonesYes,

she

has.Has

she

just

made

a

newfilm?Is

she

going

to

make

anotherfilm?No,

she

isn’t.What

is

she

going

to

do? She

is

going

to

retire.How

does

she

feel?

She

feels

tired.6.

Does

she

want

to

make

another

film

for

a

longtime?No,

she

doesn’t.14REPORTER:Have

you

just

made

a

new

film,

MissMarsh?MISS

MARSH:

Yes,

Ihave.REPORTER:

Are

you

going

to

make

another?MISS

MARSH:

No,

I'm

not.make

a

film拍電影時態：現在完成時WhyI'm

going

to

retire.?另一another

(film)for+時間段表時間持續長短I

feel

very

tired.I

don’t

want

to

make

another

film

for

alongtime.15She

says,

“I

have

just

made

a

newfilm.”She

says

that

she

has

just

made

a

newfilm.She

says,

“I'm

not

going

to

makeanother.”She

says

that

she

is

not

going

to

makeanother.She

says,

“I'm

going

to

retire.”She

says

that

she

is

going

to

retire.”She

says,

“

I

feel

very

tired.”She

says

that

she

feels

verytired.She

says,

“

I

don't

want

to

make

another

filmfor

alongtime.She

says

she

doesn’t

want

to

make

another

filmfor

along

time

.16She

said,

“I

have

just

made

a

newfilm.”She

said

that

she

had

just

made

a

newfilm.She

said,

“I'm

not

going

to

makeanother.”She

said

that

she

was

not

going

to

makeanother.She

said,

“I'm

going

to

retire.”She

said

that

she

was

going

to

retire.”She

said,

“

I

feel

very

tired.”She

said

that

she

felt

very

tiredShe

said,

“

I

don't

want

to

make

another

film

for

along

time.She

said

she

didn’t

want

to

make

another

film

for

along

time

.17Listen

to

this!would

like

sb.

to

do

sth.KATE:

Let's

buy

a

newspaper,

Llisten為lelistenha+de.g后.面lo‘Karen

Marsh:

SensationalNeawsktell

sb.to

dosth.By

our

reporter,AlanJones.want

sb.

to

do

sth.iz.不t

及物動詞sb.do

sth.

prbetterep.+賓語do

sth.接ok不定式的動詞：/arrives!sb.

todo

sth.引出作者名Karen

Marsh

arrived

at

London

Airporttoday.She

was

wearing

a

blue

dress

and

a

minkcoat.wear

狀態

=

be

dressed

input

on穿上18She

told

meshe

had

just

made

a

newfilm.She

saidshe

was

not

going

to

makeanother.She

saidshe

was

going

to

retire.she

felt

very

tiredShe

toldreportersanddidn't

want

to

make

another

film

for

a

long

time.19I

wonder

why!20wonder“不知道，想知道”我想知道你為什么不想回家I

wonder

why

you

didn’t

want

to

go

home.我想知道她是誰。(賓語從句要用陳述語序)I

wonder

who

she

is.Let’s

make

sentence:I

wonder

…Pair

work:21頭腦風暴！A: (Make

sentences!)B: A

said

(that)…語法歸納：引導詞:性質：賓語從句人稱:一隨主,二隨賓,三不變時態：主句為一般過去時態，從句相應的變化陳述句用that22一般疑問句用if或whether特殊疑問句用特殊疑問詞祈使句：

tell

sb.

to

do

s.thask

sb.

to

do

s.thorder

sb.

to

do

s.thPractice:23He

said,“My

brother

failed

in

the

exam.”

Hesaid

hisbrother

had

failed

in

theexam.He

said

to

Mary,“

How

is

your

mothernow?” heaskedMaryhow

hermother

wasthen.My

teacher

said,

‘‘

she

is

a

good

student.

’’ Myteachersaid

shweas

a

goodstudentHe

said

to

me,“

I’ve

left

her

book

inyour

room”Hetoldmethat

hheadleft

hbeorokin

mryoom.練習：1.

“I

never

eat

meat.”

hesaid.He Jim

thathe sit

there.24He

said

that

he

never

ate

meat.“I

met

her

yesterday.”he

told

me.He

told

methathe

had

met

her

yesterday.He

said,

“You

can

sit

here,Jim.”told

could5.

“Do

you

know

where

she

lives?”heasked.Heasked knew

where

she.6.

“Stop

making

so

much

noise,

children.”

he

said.He the

childrenmaking

so

muchnoise.7.

“Don’t

tell

him

the

news.”shesaid.She

told

mehim

thenews.8.

“Are

you

interested

in

this?”

he

said.He I

was

interested

in.25if/whether

Ilivedtold

to

stopnot

totellasked

if/whetherthatJack

said

to

me, “You

lookworried today.”Jacktoldmethat

worried

.helooks…todayyoulook…todaywe

looked…thatdayI

looked…that

dayExercise

II262.

We

said

to

her,

“They’re

walking

through

thestreet.”Wetoldherthat

through

the

street.CD.we

were

walking…thenyou

are

walking…now.they

were

walking…thenthey

walking…now27Jack

said

to

her,

“Where

do

you

spend your

holidays?”Jackaskedherwhere

holidays.she

spent

heryou

spend

yourshe

spend

heryou

spent

your289.

Black

asked

me,

“

Why

haven’t

you

left

here

yet?”yet.Black

asked

me

whyI

hadn’t

leftthereI

haven’t

left

herehadn’t

I

lefttherehaven’t

I

left

here29Homework301.課文背誦2.單詞抄寫5+3.趣配音第六章 信用風險度量模型——期權推理分析法31期權應用舉例：信用風險度量32期權推理分析法（Option-theoretic

Approach）：KMV模型（一）原理1、貸款與期權的關系假設企業借款額為OB,貸款到期時該企業的資產市值為OA2，如圖3所示。在這種情況下，企業將歸還這筆貸款，并且企業的股東還會得到資產增值部分。貸款到期時，企業資產的市值越

大，企業留給股東的資產增值就越大。反之，如果企業資產市值低于OB(如OA1),則借款者資不抵債破產，只能把企業資產交給銀行來處置。從圖4中可以看出，如果企業資產市值降到借款總額B以下的某一點（如L，OL相當于企業的資產市值），因為借款人的責任以其自身財產為限，所以借款人一旦破產，其最大的損失就是自身的資產OL，這時他會選擇破產而不是償還貸款。

因此，可以將借款企業股東的股權市值頭寸看成持有一份以企業資產市值為標的的看漲期權。期權應用舉例：信用風險度量股權價值E0-L33A1BA2資產價值期權應用舉例：信用風險度量2、企業股權市值與其資產市值之間的關系根據布萊克-斯科爾斯-默頓模型中股票看漲期權定價原理，企業股權市值可由下式來估價：（9）式（9）中，A是資產市值，B是貸款總額，r是短期利率，是企業資產市值的波動性,

是股票看跌期權的到期日或在貸款情形下指貸款期限（或違約期限）。在所有變量中，符號上方加一橫線是可以從市場上觀察到的。上式表示企業股權市值與它的資產市值之間的關系。如果能得到企業資產市值的波動性 ，就可以算出企業資產的市值，從而結合二者得到借款企業的理論預期違約概率，對貸款的信用風險作出評價。34期權應用舉例：信用風險度量由于企業股權市值的波動性（ ）與它資產市值波動性之間存在理論關系式：（10）而股權市值的波動性 是可以在市場上觀察到的，因此，將式（9）與（10）聯立，通過連續的迭代，便可最終求出A值和值。在式（9）中，B也為違約執行點，它的數量是企業所有短期負債（一年或一年以下）和50%的長期債務賬面值。 為債務到期日，通常設定為一年。一旦A值和 值計算出來，B值和

值確定后，便可計算出理論預期違約頻率的值了。假設某