Welcomeyou!Welcomeyou!1虛擬語氣TheSubjunctiveMood虛擬語氣TheSubjunctiveMood2語氣是動詞的一種形式。它表示說話者對所指的動作或狀態所持的態度,而且在謂語動詞上有所體現。語氣分三種:陳述語氣;祈使語氣;虛擬語氣。語氣是動詞的一種形式。它表示說話者對所指的動作或狀態所持的態31.陳述語氣多見于大多數句子里,用來陳述事實或就事實提出詢問,廣泛用于陳述句和疑問句中。

Hecouldswim,buthedidn’tjumpintothewatertosavetheboy.2.祈使語氣僅用于祈使句中,表示說話人向對方提出請求,勸告或命令。

Shutthewindowbeforeleaving.3.虛擬語氣表示說的話不是事實，或者是不可能發生的情況,或是一種愿望，建議或與事實相反的假設等。

IfIwereabird,Ishouldflyinthesky.1.陳述語氣多見于大多數句子里,用來陳述事實或就事實提出4一．虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的使用二．虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的使用三.虛擬語氣在主語從句中的使用四.虛擬語氣在表語從句與同位語從句中的使用五.虛擬語氣在狀語從句中的使用六.幾種特殊的虛擬語氣一．虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的使用5Ifwe___timenow,we_________itagain.(have;read)IfI________hisadvice,I_________________suchamistake.(take;notmake)Ifshe___________tomorrow,I_________her

forhelp.(come;ask)一．虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的使用hadwouldreadhadtakenwouldnothavemadeshouldcomewouldaskIfwe___timenow,we_______6

虛擬條件句主句與事實相反的假設If+主語+主語+與事實相反的假設If+主語+主語＋與事實相反的假設1、If+主語+2、If+主語+3、If+主語+主語＋動詞的過去式（動詞be用were)現在had+過去分詞動詞過去式should,would,might,could＋動詞原形should,would,might,could＋have+過去分詞wereto+動詞原形將來過去should,would,might,could＋動詞原形should+動詞原形

虛擬條件句主句與事實相反的假設If+71._____,hewouldhavesucceededintheexamination.A.HadheworkedhardB.IfheworkedhardC.IfheworkshardD.Ifhehasworkedhard2._____,Iwouldgotheremyself.A.WereIyouB.IwereyouC.IfIhadbeenyouD.HadIbeenyou1.在if引導的非真實條件句中，if可以省略，但是要提前had,were,shouldA.HadheworkedhardA.WereIyou1._____,hewouldhavesucceed81.ButforJohn,we______thematchlastweek.

A.wouldhavelostB.wouldlose

C.hadlostD.lost

2.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe______agoal.A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored2．某些介詞without/butfor/under/with等或otherwise/but/or等表示含蓄條件，需用虛擬語氣。這是含蓄虛擬條件句.A.wouldhavelostD.wouldhavescored1.ButforJohn,we______the93．當主句的動作和從句的動作不是發生在同一時間，需用混合虛擬條件句表示。這時就應該把從句和主句分開來看,根據各自謂語發生時間的不同,采用相應的形式.1.Ifhe___hislegsyesterday,he____theSummerPalacewithusnow.A.hadn’thurt;wouldvisitB.hadn’thurt;wouldhavevisitedC.didn’thurt;wouldvisitD.didn’thurt;wouldhavevisited2.IfIhadstudiedEnglishlastyear,I__abletospeakitnow.A.wouldhavebeenB.shouldbeC.hadbeenD.wasA.hadn’thurt;wouldvisitB.shouldbe3．當主句的動作和從句的動作不是發生在同一時間，需用混合虛擬10二．虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的使用

1.Myfatherwasstrict.HerequestedthatI___televisiononweeknights.mustn’twatchB.notwatchC.couldn’twatchD.don’twatch2.Mary’suncleinsists_____inthishotel.A.notstayingB.nottostayC.thathenotstayD.stayingnot3.Hissmilingfacesuggestedthathe____reallysatisfiedwithallthis.A.hadbeenB.wasC.beD.shouldbeB.notwatchC.thathenotstayB.was二．虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的使用

1.Myfatherwa111.在某些動詞后的賓語從句中需用should+動詞原形的虛擬語氣形式。“should”可以省略。常見的動詞有:一個堅持insist;兩個命令order,command;四條建議suggest,advise,propose,recommend;六項要求demand,request,require,(ask,urge,desire,)注意:suggest表“暗示表明”時,insist表“堅持認為”時不用虛擬語氣1.在某些動詞后的賓語從句中需用should+動詞原形的虛擬121.HowIwishI___adoctor,andI___thedyinggirl.A.am;cansaveB.was;saveC.were;couldsaveD.willbe;willsave2.--Canyoucometoattendourpartytonight?--Sorry,butIwishI___.hadB.canC.shouldD.could2.wish后面賓語從句中的虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反的愿望。其表達形式一般是將從句的謂語動詞退后一個時態。1)與現在事實相反:wish+(that)+did(were)2)與過去事實相反:wish+(that)+haddone3)與將來事實相反:wish+would/could+doC.were;couldsaveD.could1.HowIwishI___adoctor,a131.It’sapitythathe___socareless.wasB.willbeC.shouldbeD.canbe2.It’snecessarythattheapplicationforms___backbeforethedeadline.mustbesentB.wouldbesentC.besentD.weresent3.Itisstrangethathe___insuchavoice.A.couldspeakB.shouldspeakC.spokeD.speaks三.虛擬語氣在主語從句中的使用C.shouldbeC.besentB.shouldspeak1.It’sapitythathe___soc14基本句型：

1.Itbe+過去分詞+that…+(should)+動詞原形+…過去分詞suggested,requested,ordered,proposed,demanded,arranged,desired,advised2.Itbe+形容詞+that…+(should)+動詞原形+…形容詞:important,necessary,natural,right,wrong,better,proper,funny,strange,surprising…3.Itbe+名詞（apity/ashame/nowonder）that…+(should)+動詞原形+…基本句型：151.Hissuggestionthatyou___oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry2.Hisproposalisthatallthestudents___toseethefilm.nottogoB.notgoC.didn’tgoD.nevertogo四.虛擬語氣在表語從句與同位語從句中的使用

在suggestion,proposal,order,decision,advice等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即（should）+動詞原形。

A.tryB.notgo1.Hissuggestionthatyou___16五.虛擬語氣在狀語從句中的使用1.Heoftenspeakstoomuchasifhe___everything.A.knowsB.hadknownC.knewD.hasknown2.IrememberthestoryasthoughI___.justreaditB.havejustreaditC.hadjustreaditD.werejustreadingitasif/asthough(同wish)過去完成時對過去虛擬一般過去時(be為were)對現在虛擬would/could+動詞原形對將來虛擬C.knewC.hadjustreadit五.虛擬語氣在狀語從句中的使用1.Heoftenspe171.EvenifI___withyouthen,I___muchforyou.wouldbe;wouldnotdowere;shouldnothavedonehadbeen;wouldnotdoD.hadbeen;shouldnothavebeen2.Eventhoughhe___here,hecouldnotsolvetheproblem.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.hasbeen

evenif/eventhough引導的讓步狀語從句,若表示與事實相反,其動詞用虛擬語氣形式,主從句中的謂語動詞形式與非真實條件句相同.D.hadbeen;shouldnothavebeenB.were1.EvenifI___withyouthen,181.Hetookawaytheoxygentankforfearthatit______.A.mayexploreB.explodedC.explodeD.hadexplode2.Lestanyone___thinkitstrange,letmeassureyouthatitisquitetrue.A.shouldB.shallC.willD.may用在lest(惟恐,免得),forfearthat(以免,為防止…起見)和incase引導的狀語從句中，這時謂語動詞用should/might+動詞原形,有時lest,forfearthat后的should可省。C.explodeA.should1.Hetookawaytheoxygentank19六.幾種特殊的虛擬語氣1.Don’talwaysmakeanoise.I’dratheryou___silent.A.keepB.cankeepC.keptD.tokeep2.Idon’tthinkitistherighttimethatyou__.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.mustgo3.IfonlyI___asbraveasyouare!beingB.wasC.beD.were4.I__tomeetMr.Thompsonthismorning,butIfoundnobodyleftintheroomwhenIcame.A.hopedB.hadhopedC.hopingD.havehopedC.keptB.wentD.

wereB.hadhoped六.幾種特殊的虛擬語氣1.Don’talwaysmak20wouldrather+dosomething(寧愿做某事)wouldrather+句子(虛擬)過去完成時對過去虛擬一般過去時對現在虛擬一般過去時對將來虛擬2.動詞hope,intend,mean,plan,want等的過去完成式表示過去想做而沒做成的.1.3.Ifonly引導的感嘆句,謂語構成與wish相同.wouldrather+dosomething(寧愿21Itis(high,about)timethat一般過去時should+動詞原形此處的should一般不省略4.5.虛擬語氣也常用于”ifitwere(hadbeen)notfor”句型中,意為”要不是…..”Ifitwerenotforpeace,wecouldnotbelivingahappylifetoday.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshecan’tsing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.Itis(high,about)timethat一22EXERCISES1.Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wo