Grammar過去分詞作狀語

V-edastheadverbial1.作定語2.作表語4.作狀語3.作賓補過去分詞1.語法知識復習：下列句子中劃線部分做什么成分？

Hecamebackfromthemeeting,withabrokenheart.Heisapersonbyallpeople.Thechildrenareveryexcitedaboutgoingtothezoo.YesterdayIhadmyhaircut.Theoldmanhadoneleglostinthewar.后置定語前置定語表語賓補賓補lovedandrespectedReading句子重現(xiàn)：Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstdays.Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company,called“FutureTours”transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule.Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語，修飾謂語，大多說明動作發(fā)生的背景或情景，表示時間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況等。一般說來，這一結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語是主句的主語。a、表示時間Seen

fromthespace,theearthlooksblue.Whenitisseenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.b、表示條件Kept

inrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.Iftheyarekeptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.c、表示原因d、表示伴隨情況e、表示讓步Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.Astheyweredeeplymoved,thechildrenbegantocry.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followed

byherlittledaughter.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,andwasfollowedbyherlittledaughter.Beaten

bytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.Althoughhewas

beatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.2.過去分詞作狀語的位置。過去分詞可放在______作句首狀語，后面有逗號與主句隔開；也可放在_____后面，前面有逗號與主句隔開。

Hestoodtheresilently,

movedtotears.=Movedtotears,hestoodtheresilently.他靜靜地站在那里，被感動得熱淚盈眶。

1.過去分詞作______表示_______和_____動作。歸納:狀語被動完成主句前主句3.狀語從句改成過去分詞作狀語時有時還可保留連詞，構(gòu)成“連詞＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。

given

amedicalexamination,youshouldkeepcalm.

當你做體格檢查時要保持鎮(zhèn)定。When過去分詞作狀語來源于狀語從句,相當于一個狀語從句.Caught

inaheavyrain,hewasallwet.因為淋了一場大雨，所以他全身濕透了。

Becausehewascaught

inaheavyrain,hewasallwet.

(2)

Grown

inrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.

如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長得很快。(growninrichsoil為過去分詞作條件狀語，它來源于條件狀語從句)

Iftheseseedsare

grown

inrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.e.g.Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.Laughedbymanypeople,hebegantoworkhard.Becausehewaslaughedbymanypeople,hebegantoworkhard.用過去分詞作狀語來改寫句子。1)Whenhewasquestionedbythepoliceaboutthefire,hebecametense.

→________________________________,hebecametense.

Questionedbythepoliceaboutthefire2.Ifheisgivenmoretime,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.→_______________,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.3)AsIwasconfusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.→______________________________,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.GivenmoretimeConfusedbythenewsurroundingsEx2onP211.Iwasfrightenedbytheloudnoise.Iwenttoseewhatwashappening.Frightenedbytheloudnoise,Iwenttoseewhatwashappening.2.Hewashitbythelackoffreshair.Hegotabadheadache.Hitbythelackoffreshair,hegotabadheadache.3.Ifeltverytiredafterthelongjourney.Istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation.Tiredafterthelongjourney,Istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation.4.Thelittlegirlwasfrightenedbythenoiseoutside.Thelittlegirldarednotsleepinherbedroom.

Frightenedbythenoiseoutside,thelittlegirldarednotsleepinherbedroom.

5.Themuseumwasbuiltin1910.Themuseumisalmost100yearsold.Builtin1910,themuseumisalmost100yearsold.6.Thestudentwasgivensomeadvicebythefamousscientist.Thestudentwasnotworriedabouthisscientificexperimentanymore.Givensomeadvicebythefamousscientist,thestudentwasnotworriedabouthisscientificexperimentanymore.7.Georgewasexhaustedafteraday’swork.Hetooksometabletstohelphimfeelbetter.Exhaustedafteraday’swork,Georgetooksometabletstohelphimfeelbetter.8.Lucywasveryastonishedattheamountofworkinthenewtimetable.Shedecidedtoleaveherjobimmediately.Astonishedattheamountofworkinthenewtimetable,Lucydecidedtoleaveherjobimmediately.【注意】

1.過去分詞作狀語時其邏輯主語為主句的主語，此時應(yīng)注意人稱一致。

(1)

Givenanotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.（given為過去分詞作狀語，它的邏輯主語為主句主語I，）

(2)

Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautifultous.（seen為過去分詞作狀語，由語境可知，它的邏輯主語必須是thecity，Hitbyastoneontheback,Mary’stearscamedownbecauseoftheache.Hitbyastoneontheback,Marycriedbecauseoftheache.2.過去分詞作狀語的否定結(jié)構(gòu)，即在分詞前加not.Notgiven

enoughwater,theplantdied.Ifnotwelldealtwith,thepollutionwillbemoreserious.注意3.選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如分詞的動作跟主句的主語存在主動的關(guān)系，就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，如分詞的動作跟主語存在被動的關(guān)系,就用過去分詞。——————————————————————————————————————————————————Seen

fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautifultous.Seeingfromthehill,wefindthecityverybeautiful.see跟city存在被動的關(guān)系see跟we存在主動的關(guān)系________theoldman,wewentupstairs.(wefollowed跟著那個老人,

我們上去了)2.________bytheoldman,wewentupstairs.(wewerefollowed被那個老人跟著,

我們上去了)CompareFollowing

Followed3._____foralongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很長時間，這本書看上去很舊.______

thebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用.4.________

(look)

ather,

hejumpedwithjoy.________(look)atbyher,hejumpedwithjoy.UsedUsingLookingLooked

byhisfather,theboycried.(beat)

thegoodnews,theboycried.(hear)Hecamein,__________byadog.(follow)Hecamein,____________adog.(follow)BeatenHearingfollowedfollowing4.有些過去分詞因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時不表被動意義而表某種狀態(tài)（主動）。常見的有:

lost(迷路);seated(坐);hidden(躲);stationed(駐扎);lost/absorbedin(沉溺于);born(出身于);dressedin(穿著);tiredof(厭煩);locatedin(位于）。

(1)Lost/Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.

(2)Dressedinred,thegirlwaseasilyrecognized.AnswerstoEx.3Page21Soonwelostsightofthatfamousastronomer

calledLiQiang.IamgoingtobuyapaintingcopiedfromVincentvanGogh.Ilikethatoldprivatehousebuiltofwoodandmud.Theroomconnectedtotherestofthehousebyalongpassageiscompletelyempty.Thequeenwassittinginaroyalcarriage

drawnbyfourhorses.Thevehiclementionedinthebookisunknowntome.7.Thecastlebuiltin1432isunderrepair.Exercises:1.____someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.

FollowedB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.havingbeenfollowed2.Therewasaterriblenoise___thesuddenburstoflight.

followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowedBB過去分詞___inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.ToloseC解析1.該題考查過去分詞作狀語的用法。動詞-ing或過去分詞作狀語,其邏輯主語應(yīng)是主句主語。2.“陷入深思”有兩種表達法，

A.Loseoneselfinthought

B.belostinthought

按句子提供的語境可用結(jié)構(gòu)B.3.____betterattention,thevegetablescouldhavegrownbetterwiththesunshiningbrightlyintheskyand____themlight.A.Giving;givenB.Given;givenC.Giving;givingD.Given;givingD4.Unless___tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvitedA6.___manytimes,theproblemsweresettledatlast.A.DiscussingB.BeingdiscussedD.AfterdiscussingD.DiscussedD7.Generallyspeaking,___accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetakenB8.___inthefog,wewereforcedtospendtwohoursinthewoods.AToloseB.LosingC.LostD.HavinglostC9.___inwhite,shelooksmuchmorebeautiful.WearingB.DressingC.DressedD.HavingdressedC10.___,theoldman