Grammar關系詞成分作用主語動詞賓語(可省)介詞賓語定語

狀語定語從句三步：第一找出先行詞；第二看先行詞在定語從句中的成分

(做主語、賓語或狀語）第三選擇合適的關系代詞或關系副詞who,that,whichwhom,who,that,whichwhom,whichwhosewhen,where,why用適當的關系代詞或關系副詞填空.1.Theteachers________arepresentatourclassareallexperiencedteachers.2.Ihatejobs___________isboring.3.Haveyougoteverything_______youneed?4.Therearemanytreesunder______theycanhavearest.5.Thehouse______windowsfacesouthismine.6.Thehouseof_____thewindowsfacesouthismine.7.Thewoman_____________hemetishisMon.

.

whose

which/that(whom/who/that)(that)

whichwho/thatwhich8.Theschool______wearestudyingisveryfamous.9.Guilinisacity____hasahistoryof2000years.10.Iwillneverforgettheday_____weworkedtogether11.Iwillneverforgettheday_____wespenttogether.12.Thereason____hewaslateisnottrue.13.Thereason_____hetoldmeisnottrue.14.._weallknow,ourschoolisover100yearsold.15.Themanto_____Iwastalkingismyteacher.wherewhomAswhichwhichwhenwhythat/whichtheschool在從句中作狀語

acity在從句中作主語

Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.

(Shehasmorethantwobrothers.)

她有兩個弟弟在這個城市工作。b)Shehastwobrothers,

whoareworkinginthecity.

(Shehasonlytwobrothers.)

她有兩個弟弟,他們在這個城市工作。Lookatthesentencesandfindthedifferencemeanings下面兩個句子只有一個逗號之差，意義大相徑庭。Hewillwearnoclotheswhichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不會穿一些使他顯得與眾不同的衣服。b)Hewillwearnoclothes,whichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不穿衣服,這會使他顯得與眾不同。限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句的關系十分密切，寫時不用逗號分開。限制性定語從句中作賓語的關系代詞常可省略。如:a)Whatisthenameofthetallwomanwhoisstandingthere?站在那邊的那個女人叫什么名字?b)Torontoisacity(that)I'vealwayswantedtovisit.多倫多是我常想去參觀的一個城市。2.非限制性定語從句和主句關系不十分密切,只是對先行詞作些附加的說明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號分開,一般不用that引導。非限制性定語從句中,關系詞不可省略。如：Rome,whichisthecapitalofItaly,hasaverylonghistory.意大利的首都羅馬歷史非常悠久。

Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldier

alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那當兵的哥哥總是鼓勵她上大學。(意含:她還有其他哥哥)比較下列句子:Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是當兵的,他總是鼓勵她上大學。(意含:她只有一個哥哥)

Allthebooksthathavepicturesinthemarewellwritten.所有里面帶插圖的書都寫得很好。(意含:不帶插圖的書則不一定寫得好)Allthebooks,whichhavepicturesinthem,arewellwritten.所有的書都帶插圖,這些書都寫得很好。(意含:沒有不帶插圖的書)3.大多數限制性和非限制性定語從句的先行詞往往為某一個詞或短語,而特殊場合非限制性定語從句的先行詞也可為整個主句,此時非限制性定語從句常由which引導。eg.Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,which

frightenedmeverymuch.一個中年女子殺害了其丈夫，這事令我十分恐懼。析:從語境可知，令我恐懼的內容應為中年女子殺害了其丈夫這整個一件事，因此先行詞為整個主句，此時應由which引導定語從句。eg.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,which

surprisesallthepeoplepresent.一個五歲的男孩會講兩門外語,令所有在場的人感到非常驚訝。析:從語境可知,令所有在場的人感到驚訝的內容是一個五歲男孩會講兩門外語這整個一件事，因此先行詞為整個主句，此時應由which引導非限制性定語從句。用適當的關系詞填空.1).______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.2).Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.Aswhichas

與which引導非限制性定語從句都能指代整句內容，但定語從句位于句首時，只能用as,意為“正如、恰如”。3).Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.4).Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.asthat歸納：as引導限制性定語從句先行詞前常被such,thesame,so,as修飾，即構成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,結構，做題時容易忽略。as在定語從句中應充當成分如：主語、賓語或表語。小試牛刀篇non-restrictiveattributiveclausecompetition

Hangzhouisabeautifulcity,_____________peoplevisitthefamousWestLake.2.Beijing,_________isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,________isapopstar.ExerciseswhichAswhowhere/inwhich5.Ishouldthankmyteacher,with______help,Isolvedtheproblem.6.HeonceworkedontheBird’sNest,___________hissonisproud.whoseofwhichShewasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.whichB.whoC.thisD.what2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_______hegrewupasachild.whichB.whenC.thatD.whereA

D

練一練3.Thegentleman______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom4.Pleasetakeanyseat____isfree.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.thatB

D

5.Theoldmanhastwosons,_______isasoldier.A.oneofwhomB.bothofthemC.allofwhomD.noneofthem6.NewYorkisfamousforitssky-scrapers(摩天大樓)_____hasmorethan100storeys.A.thehigherofthemB.thehighestofwhichC.thehighestofthemD.someofwhichA

B

7.Myhomevillageisnolongerthesame_____itusedtobe.A.whichB.asC.whereD.when8.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,______manypeoplehavegonehome.A.whosetimeB.thatC.atwhichD.bywhichtimeBD9.Theboy______compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.which10.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.itB

B11.Mr.Wangisaboss,______factoryLiPingworked.A.inwhoseB.whoseC.inwhomD.ofwhich12.Idon’tliketheway_____youspeaktoher.A./B.thatC.inwhichD.All(A,B,andC)A

D

13.Ishallneverforgettheyears_______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,______hasagoodeffectonmylife.A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,who14._____isknowntoall,Chinawillbeanadvancedandpowerfulcountryin20or30year’stime.A.WhatB.ThatC.AsD.ItB

C

15.Isthisbook_____youwanttoborrowfromthelibrary?A.thatB.whichC.theoneD./16.Suchabook______youshowedmeisdifficulttounderstand.A.thatB.whichC.asD.likeC

C

17.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks_____werepopularthen./B.thatC.whichD.who18.Thisisthestore____wevisitedthefamousshopassistants.A.whereB.thereC.thatD.whichB

A

19.I’mgoingtospendmyholidayinBeijing,_____myoldparentslive.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.there20.Ifas