Unit5LanguagesaroundtheWorldRestrictiverelativeclausesⅡ(where,when,why,prep.+which/whom)Fillintheblankswithwho/that/which/whom/whose.1.Thereweredeepcracks_________appearedinthewellwalls.2.Aquake__________causeddamagewasmorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.3.Twothirdsofthepeople________livedthereweredeadorinjured.4.Thenumberofpeople_________werekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.which/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwho/that5.Thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthose____weretrappedandtoburythedead.6.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors______homeshadbeendestroyed.7.Chinaiswidelyknownforitsancientcivilisation____________

hascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes,...8.Peopleinmoderntimescanreadtheclassicworks_________werewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.which/thatwhich/thatwhowhoseHi,Jenny,whatkindofteachersdoyoulikebest?Iliketeacherswho/thatiswillingtohelpstudentspatiently.Sowhodoyouadmiremost?MissLi,becausesheisalwayswarm-hearted.That'sthereasonwhyIadmirehermost.What'syourfavoriteplaceatschool?It'sthelibrary,becauseitisaplacewhereIcanrelaxmyselfandenjoybooksaswell.Andwhatkindofdaymakesyouhappy?It'sadaywhenwehavePEclass.Ilikesportsalot.attributiveclausesintroducedby_________________relativepronounsattributiveclauseintroducedby_______________relativeadverbsMikeisaskinghisdeskmateJennyaboutherfavoritethingsoftheschool.Observethecircledwords.Wehavelearnedattributiveclausesintroducedbyrelativepronounsinthelastunit.Nowlet’slearnattributiveclausesintroducedbyrelativeadverbs.限制性定語從句Ⅱ限制性定語從句Ⅱ在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。引導定語從句的詞叫做關系詞。引導定語從句的關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞，常見的關系代詞包括that，?which,who,

whom和whose，關系副詞包括where,when,why等。先行詞關系詞定語從句定語從句三要素：先行詞，關系詞，定語從句Thereareafewstudentswhokeepcomingtoclasslate.

馬馬車馬車夫.先行詞、關系詞、定語從句三者的關系：

馬先行詞馬車夫關系詞馬車定語從句when引導的定語從句修飾表示時間(如time,day,year,occasion,moment....)的先行詞,在定語從句中作時間狀語,相當于“介詞+關系代詞(which)”。I’llneverforgettheday

when

Ijoinedtheleague.表示時間的先行詞在定語從句作時間狀語=onwhich(=ontheday)關系副詞when定語從句的關系副詞I'llneverforgettheday______________Ifirstwenttoschool.when/onwhich__________________________________hedancedtotheLittleAppleeveryday.Therewasatimewhen/duringwhich曾經有一段時間他天天跳《小蘋果》。。ExerciseTherearemanyreasonswhy

peopleliketraveling.表示原因的先行詞在定語從句作原因狀語關系副詞why引導的定語從句表示原因(先行詞一般是reason),在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當于“forwhich”。=forwhich(=forthereasons)關系副詞whyIdon’tknowthereason________________________________________我不知道她為什么如此迷戀鹿晗。why/forwhichsheissocrazyaboutLuHan.Exercisewhere引導的定語從句修飾表示地點(如place,room,house,area,point,situation,case…)的先行詞，在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當于“介詞+關系代詞(which)”。關系副詞whereThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.表示地點的先行詞在定語從句作地點狀語=inwhich(=inthehouse)Thatistheplace_____________theymetforthefirsttime.那就是他們第一次見面的地方。where/inwhich

Chinaistheonlycountry________________________________________中國是唯一一個發現野生大熊貓的國家。where/fromwhichwildpandascanbefound.

Exercise2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry

wheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Information:alocationforanevent.小結2

where引導定語從句時，先行詞為表示地點的名詞，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語。EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry.InthatcountrytheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.where還可用在表示抽象意義的地點名詞后，如situation,stage,point,case,position,condition,activity,scene,occasion等,意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。Theaccidenthasreachedtothepointwhereboththeirparentsaretobecalledin.關系副詞Refertoexampleswhere=in/atwhichTheschool

where

mysonstudies

isbeautiful.when=during\at/in/onwhichThey’llneverforgetJuly1

onwhichHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.why=forwhichTherearemanyreasons

forwhichpeopleliketraveling.placetimereason注意：此時，介詞的選擇取決于其與先行詞的搭配。二、“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句指時間，地點或原因的先行詞在定語從句中：作狀語時，用關系副詞when/where/why引導；作主語或賓語時，用關系代詞which或that引導。關系副詞與關系代詞的區分

Thisisthereason___________Ididn’tcome.Thereason________shegavewasnottrue.why/forwhichwhich/thata.Thisistheplace_______heworks.Thisistheplace___________wevisitedlastyear.b.Thatwasthetime______hearrived.Doyoustillrememberthetime__________wespenttogether?c.Thisisthereason____________hewent.Thereason___________hegaveuswasquitereasonable.where

which/that

whenthat

/which

why/forwhich

that/which

Exercise很多情況下關系副詞用“介詞＋which”來代替時,其介詞由先行詞或定語從句中謂語動詞的形式來決定。①Ishallneverforgetthoseyears

whenIlivedwithher.=Ishallneverforgetthoseyears____________Ilivedwithher.②Thisisthehouse

whereIlivedtwoyearsago.=Thisisthehouse__________Ilivedtwoyearsago.③A:Theradiosaysthatitwillraintomorrow.

B:Thisisthereasonwhyweputoffthematch.=Thisisthereason________weputoffthematch.duringwhichinwhichforwhich3.“介詞+關系代詞”之介詞的選擇(1)與從句中謂語動詞的搭配相關Thisisthebook_____whichIspent10yuan.Thisisthebook_____whichIpaid10yuan.(2)與先行詞的搭配相關I'llneverforgettheday_____whichIwonthefirstprizeintheEnglishcontest.(3)與所表達的意義相關Thecolorlessgas_______whichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.onforonwithout關系代詞前介詞選擇三原則一先二動三意義即根據先行詞與介詞的搭配關系選擇根據謂語動詞與介詞的搭配關系選擇即根據定語從句的意義來確定介詞注意：1.time用做先行詞注意2.

way

作為先行詞時，且在定語從句中

充當狀語時，其定語從句關系詞可為：

inwhich,that,?

Thisisagoodwayinwhichtheproblemcanbesolved.=Thisisagoodwaythattheproblemcanbesolved.=Thisisagoodwaytheproblemcanbesolved.注意3.“模糊地點”的先行詞后跟where引導的定語從句，先行詞可為point,situation,case,conditions,position,stage,scene,spot,activity,family,job另，常見的“模糊時間”的先行詞有occasion,stay,interval等，用when來引導定語從句。

(注意：此時關系詞要在定語從句中充當狀語）TheInternet,______

wecansearchforalargeamountofinformation,hasbecomeanindispensablepartofmanypeople’slife.Socialpartiesaretheoccasions_______

peoplecandeveloptheirinterpersonalrelationship.wherewhen用適當的關系詞填空（一個）。1.Doyoustillrememberthefirstday______youwenttohighschool?2.IpaidavisittoFudanUniversity_______myfatherstudiedthirtyyearsago.3.Doyouknowtherealreason______Annedidn'tgototheget-together?4.TomorrowIwillbringherethemagazinefor_______

youasked.5.Peterputhimselfinasituation_______hehadtoleavethecompany.6.Therewasatime______mydaughterwascrazyaboutpopmusic.7.Therestaurant_______Ihaveeatenawonderfulmealisgoingtoclosedown.8.Therearetwomainreasons______thissituationhasbeenallowedtocontinue.whenwherewhywhichwherewhenwherewhy1.Thisisourschool________westudyandmakefriends.2.ThemostunforgettableschoolactivityistheEnglish

speechcontest,

______wehadgreatfun.3.Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,_______theweathermaybebetter.4.Therearemanyreasons______peoplelearnaforeignlanguage.=inwhichwhere

=inwhichwhere

when=inwhichwhy=forwhich答案不止一個。Lookatthesesentencesandunderlinetherestrictiverelativeclauses?Whatkindofinformationdoeseachclausecommunicate?11.Itwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.3.Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible.4.TheseareanimalsbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.1.Asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.

2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.先行詞為time，when在從句中做時間狀語先行詞為country，where在從句中做地點狀語3.Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible.4.TheseareanimalsbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.先行詞為reason，why在從句中做原因狀語先行詞為animalbonesandshells，onwhich表示在從句中表示地點狀語Fillinthetabletocompleteeachphrasewitharestrictiverelativeclause.Thenusethephrasestomakecompletesentences.2P641.thedaywhenthedaywhenwespenttimetogether

Thedaywhenwespenttimetogetherisgone.2.thereasonwhythereasonwhyIwaslateforschoolTheteacherdidn'tbelievethereasonwhyIwaslateforschool.3.theplacewheretheplacewhereweworked10yearsagoTheplacewhereweworked10yearsagoisbeingrebuiltnow.4.theplace/timein/atwhichtheplaceinwhichIhavelivedsincechildhoodThisistheplaceinwhichIhavelivedsincechildhood.Iwillneverforgetthe

timeatwhichIlivedinthecountrywithmygrandparents.thetimeatwhichIlivedinthecountrywithmygrandparentsCompletethepassagewiththecorrectrelativeadverbsorpronouns.Addaprepositionwherenecessary.P64

3

WhenIstartedstudyi