PAGE105職稱英語知識點講解大全HYPERLINK一、職稱英語報考指南 2HYPERLINK二、職稱英語考試技巧 5HYPERLINK三、閱讀練習 9一、職稱英語報考指南·報名時間每年11月中下旬(雙休日除外)，逾期不再補報?！た荚嚂r間全國專業技術人員職稱英語等級考試一般為每年4月的第二個星期日舉行·考試級別/適用范圍以下是全國職稱外語等級考試級別劃分及適用范圍，請大家根據自己的職稱英語要求選擇報考。考試等級申報職稱職稱系列A級B級C級高校教師教授、副教授講師自然科學研究與社會科學研究研究員、副研究員助理研究員社會科學研究（研究員、副研究員第二外語）衛生技術（醫、藥、護、技）主任醫(藥、護、技)師副主任醫(藥、護、技)師⑴主治(管)醫(藥、護、技)師⑵在縣及縣以下所屬單位工作的人員申報正、副主任醫（藥、護、技）師，在縣及縣以下所屬單位工作的人員申報主治（管）醫（藥、護、技）師。工程技術高級工程師（含教授級高級工程師）⑴工程師⑵在縣及縣以下所屬單位工作的人員申報高級工程師（含教授級高級工程師）⑵在縣及縣以下所屬單位工作的人員申報工程師。農業技術農業技術推廣研究員高級農藝師農藝師實驗技術高級實驗師實驗師中學教師中學高級教師中等專業學校教師高級講師講師技工學校教師高級講師（高級實習指導教師）講師經濟專業高級國際商務師高級經濟師國際商務師經濟師助理國際商務師會計專業高級會計師會計師統計專業高級統計師統計師審計專業高級審計師審計師體育教練員國家級教練高級教練一級教練工藝美術專業高級工藝美術師工藝美術師翻譯專業譯審、副譯審（第二外語）翻譯（第二外語）播音專業播音指導主任播音員一級播音員新聞專業高級記者(高級編輯)主任記者(主任編輯）記者（編輯）藝術（廣播電視藝術）藝術一級藝術二級、主任舞臺技師藝術三級、舞臺技師出版專業編審副編審編輯（一級校對）文博專業、圖書資料專業、檔案專業研究館員副研究館員館員公證員一級公證員二級公證員三級公證員律師一級律師二級律師三級律師·報考類別的選擇綜合類，理工類，衛生類考試原則上沒有嚴格的界限。綜合類文章可以考到理工類去，理工類可以考到衛生類和綜合類。三類考試之間沒有嚴格界限區分。國家在每位考生評定職稱的時候，到底要求是理工類成績，衛生類成績，基本上國家還沒有明確規定。假如你評定主任醫師，衛生類職稱，你可以考綜合類，也可以考衛生類。嚴格意義上沒有很嚴格的要求。到底決定報綜合類，理工類，還是衛生類，有兩個依據。首先問一下自己單位的人，要評定職稱要報什么類比較合適。如果單位沒有明確要求和規定的話，可以根據自己的現實情況選擇，如果工作中接觸的文章都是理工類的文章，那就報理工類。假如接觸的文章是社會類文章，那就報綜合類。·免考規定取得外語(從事翻譯工作人員及外語教師第二外語)專業?？萍耙陨蠈W歷的人員申報中、高級職稱評審;獲得博士學位申報高級(含正高級)職稱評審;獲得碩士學位申報中級職稱評審;留學回國人員首次參加職稱評審;申報副高級職稱評審時已取得職稱外語合格證書(含1977年底前參加工作人員外語成績達到45分)的人員申報正高級職稱評審;參加《全國工商企業出國培訓備選人員外語考試》，通過中(Ⅰ)級者申報中級職稱評審，通過高(A)級者申報高級職稱評審等五類考生可免職稱外語等級考試。凡參加國家人事部和北京市人事局組織的各類專業技術資格考試和職(執)業資格考試取得資格證書的人員，聘用單位可根據崗位需要自主決定對應聘人員的外語水平要求。凡實行考評結合的系列(專業)及體育教練員、工藝美術、廣播電視藝術、技校高級實習指導教師系列(專業)，外語考試成績可不作為申報條件，其合格成績或當年考試成績作為職稱評審的要素之一?！ぷ⒁馐马棡榱吮ＷC報考信息的準確采集和處理，報考人員在報名和考試時要注意以下事項：1、根據各省市人事廳(局)考試中心發布的報名程序和要求，到指定的報名點領取報名表。如果規定實行光電閱讀器--計算機自動采集報名信息，還要領取報名信息卡和《報考手冊》。由單位集體組織報名的，應按本人所在單位規定的具體程序報考。2、如實、準確、工整地填寫報名表中的各有關項目，并由所在單位加蓋公章。使用報名信息卡的，除按要求填寫報名表外，還應嚴格按照《報考手冊》中規定的填涂工具和填涂要求，認真、準確添涂好報名信息卡。報名表和報名信息卡填好后，應認真檢查，確保報名的填寫和報名信息卡的填涂準確無誤。3、攜帶報名表、報名信息卡、照片、身份證和其它所需證件到報名點辦理報名手續，報名點發給每一報考人員一個報名序號，該報名序號應保存好，以備后用。二、職稱英語考試技巧給大家說說關心的“字典”問題：針對職稱英語考試中的第一部分詞匯題，我建議大家帶一本同義詞詞典（雙解詞典），這類詞典的特點是用幾個同義詞注解某一英文單詞，大家可以非常方便地在注解中找到答案。有了字典，又該如何查呢？我經常聽到有學員在答疑室中說：某某單詞在字典里查不到，其實不是字典里沒有，而是他們不會查，最常見到的情況有兩種：第一種：分不清單詞詞性；如：1.Beforeleavingthehouse,sheclosedthewindows.2.Sheisclosetosuccess.兩句話里都有close，但是詞性不同，第一句話里的是動詞，因為有形式上的變化（-ed）；而第二句話里的close跟在is的后面，而且形式上沒有變化，因此判斷為形容詞。當尋找他們的同義詞時，應針對不同的詞性加以判斷。這一點對于大家來說非常重要！第二中：分不清劃線單詞是原形，現在分詞或過去式：如：Hersisterurgedhertoapplyforthejob.(P602)advised B.caused C.forced D.promised

如果去字典里查urged,當然是查不到的。Ticketsarelimitedandwillbeallocatedtothosewhoapplyfirst.(P461)postedB.Sent C.handedD.Given接下來，我們一起練幾題，大家可以八仙過海各顯神通，看誰做得又快又好！1.Practicallyallanimalscommunicatethroughsounds.

A．Clearly B．Almost C．Absolutely D．Basically2.Thestorywasverytouching.

A．Inspiring B．Boring C．Moving D．absorbingYoushouldhaveblendedthebutterwiththesugarthoroughly.

A．Spread B．Mixed C．Beaten D．covered4.Iwon’ttoleratethatkindofbehaviour.

A.bearB.acceptC.admitD.take5.Theindexisthegovernment’schiefgaugeoffutureeconomicactivity.

A.methodB.measureC.wayD.manner閱讀理解常用提問方式1.有關主旨題的提問方式：1)Themain（主要的）idea（思想，主意）ofthispassage（文章）is…2)Whichofthefollowing（下列的）statements（句子）bestexpresses（表達）themainideaofthepassage?3)Thepassagemainlydiscusses（討論）…4)Thispassagemainlydealswith（涉及）…5)Theauthor’spurpose（意圖）inwritingthispassageis…6）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?2.有關細節題的提問方式：1）Somepeopledosth.because____________?2）Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat___________.3）What…?Which…?Who(Whom)…?When(Whattime)…4）Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueexcept...?

Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentioned?

Whichofthefollowingismentioned?WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?3.有關詞語釋義題的提問方式：1)Theword“…”inline（行）…refersto(指)…2)Inparagraph4,“it”referto(means)………4.有關推理判斷題的提問方式：1)Itcanbeinferred(推斷)fromthepassagethat….2)Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred?3)Itcanbeconcluded(結論)fromthepassagethat….5.有關作者觀點意圖題的提問方式：1)Theauthor’smain（主要的）purpose(目的)inthispassageis….2)Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassageis….3)Inthispassagetheauthor’sattitude（看法）couldbest..4)Theauthor’smainthought（思想）isthat…眾所周知，閱讀理解題的成敗關乎到考試能否及格，所以一定要掌握好的解題方法，在大家詞匯量都不是很多的情況下，方法就顯得極其重要！閱讀理解例題：例一：LightNight，DarkStars1.Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestepoutsidetogazeattheirnightsky．Onaclearnight，withnoclouds,moonlight，orartificiallightstoblocktheview，peoplecanseemorethan14,000starsinthesky，saysDennisWard，anastronomerwiththeUniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch(UCAR)inBoulder，Colo．Butwhenpeoplearesurroundedbycitylights．hesays，they’reluckytosee150stars．2.Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreatdistance,you’vewitnessedlightpollution．Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlights，officebuildings，signs，andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminatesthenightsky．ThishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleonEarth．Evenatnight，bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,makingstargazingdifficult。3.Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesandindustriesworsentheeffectsotlightpollution．“Ifonecityhasalotmorelightpollutionthananother，”Wardsays，“thatcitywillsuffertheeffectsoflightpollutiononamuchgreaterscale．”4.Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheirjobs.5.Citiesaregettinglarger．Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark，ruralareas．Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuringtilefaintlightgivenoffbydistantstars．Andifscientistscan'tlocatetheseobjects，theycan’tlearnmoreaboutthem．6.Lightpollutiondoesn’tonlyaffectstarvisibility．Itcanharmwildlifetoo．It’sclearthatartificiallightcallattractanimals，makingthemgooffcourse”．There’sincreasingevidence．Forexample,thatmigratingbirdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,saysSydneyGauthreausJr.,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina．“Whenlightoccursatnight,”hesays,“ithasaverydisruptiveinfluence．”Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowers，highrises，andcablesfromradioandtelevisiolltowers．Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope．BWhentheyareinalargecity．CWhenthenightskyisclearofclouds，moonlightandartificiallights．DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog．2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTrelatedtolightpollution?AAhazeoflightformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsandbuildinglights．BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceandilluminatethenightsky．CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthenight．DStargazingbecomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerofhazeintheair．3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers’work?Whydoeshethinkso?AYes．Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights．BNo．Becausetheycanstillseestarsinruralareas．C.Yes．Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudystars。D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclearnight4.Howdoeslightpollutiotlaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights．B.Animalsmightbeattractedbyartificiallightstogointocities．C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway．DAttractedbyartificiallights，birdsflyintolightedbuildings．5．Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothetitle”LightNight，DarkStars”?A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack．B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark．C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskyandmakestarsinvisible．DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky．先理解標題，推測文章內容：LightNight，DarkStars。沒有生詞，明亮的夜晚，昏暗的星空。只是看題目，還不易推測出文章的主要內容，因此，要快速瀏覽全文，看能否找到出現頻率較高的詞或短語，它們有可能就是文章的核心！大家看到了我用黑線標出了出現頻率最多的短語：lightpollution.所以可以推測文章的內容和光污染有關。接下來判斷所給5題的題型，我們發現1至4都是細節題，因此只需要找到關鍵詞逐一回答即可。而第5題是主旨題，而且是最后一題，所以要等文章讀完后最后做。1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope當他們有一個非常不錯的望遠鏡．BWhentheyareinalargecity當他們在大城市時．CWhenthenightskyisclearofclouds，moonlightandartificiallights當夜空中沒有云、月光和人造燈光時．DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog當夜空沒有陰霾和大霧時．分析：關鍵詞很容易找14000stars，在第一段出現了該詞：Thousandsofpeople（數以千計的人）aroundtheglobe（世界上）stepoutside（走出去）togazeat（凝視）theirnightsky．Onaclear（晴朗的）night，withnoclouds,moonlight，orartificial（人造的）lightstoblock（遮擋、擋?。﹖heview，peoplecanseemorethan14,000starsinthesky(答案C)，saysDennisWard，anastronomer（天文學家）withtheUniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch(UCAR)inBoulder，Colo．Butwhenpeoplearesurrounded(被。。。包圍)bycitylights．hesays，they’reluckytosee150stars．補充：請注意短語：beclearofsth:無阻礙、障礙、危險如：Waituntiltheroadisclearoftrafficbeforecrossing.(等到路上沒車時再過馬路。)2．Whichofthefollowingstatements(敘述)isNOTrelatedto（同。。。有關）lightpollution?AAhazeoflightisformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsandbuildinglights（陰霾的光是由人造光而形成的，如路燈和建筑物的光）．BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceandilluminatethenightsky來自于不同來源的光進入太空并照亮了夜空．CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthenight夜空由晚上大城市發出的光照亮．DStargazing（star+gazing觀望星星）becomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerofhazeintheair由于空氣中有一層霾，所以觀望星星變得困難．分析：本題的關鍵詞是lightpollution,而且按照題目的題號應該在文章的前面，所以從第二段找找看：Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreatdistance（答案C）,you’vewitnessed（見證、目睹）lightpollution．Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlights，officebuildings，signs，andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminatesthenightsky（答案A,B表述）．ThishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleonEarth．Evenatnight，bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,makingstargazingdifficult（請注意這句話并不是答案D，他們不同，該句是說：甚至在晚上，許多像紐約這樣的大城市所產生的燈光使觀望星星變得困難。）所以，D的表述同光污染沒有關聯。3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers’work?Whydoeshethinkso?AYes．Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights因為曾經黑暗的鄉村地區被光污染了．BNo．BecausetheyCallstillseestarsinruralareas．C.Yes．Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudystars因為鄉村地區不是一個好的研究星星的地方。D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclearnight分析：題目是說：不斷擴大的城市會影響天文學家的工作嗎？為什么他會這樣認為？在A答案中我們可以看到線索詞：polluted和lights.所以，根據閱讀的規律，只要和線索詞有關的答案，多半就是最終答案。如果大家想檢查答案是否正確的話，也可以帶著關鍵詞astronomers去找答案：Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheirjobs.通過對句子的分析，排除答案B，D.留下A，C.在接下來的段落中可以對答案加以判斷：Citiesaregettinglarger．Suburbs（郊區）aregrowinginoncedark，ruralareas．Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuring(使。。。變得模糊)thefaint（微弱的）lightgivenoffbydistantstars．Andifscientistscan'tlocate（確定。。。的位置）theseobjects，theycan’tlearnmoreaboutthem．總結：做閱讀理解時大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心詞，只要被選項中有核心內容的出現就可以推測為正確答案！4.Howdoeslightpollutionaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights由于受到人造光的吸引，動物們可能偏離航向．B.Animalsmightbeattractedbyartificiallightstogointocities．動物們可能會受到人造光的吸引而進入城市C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway．夜間的人造光可能會使遷徙的鳥類們迷路DAttractedbyartificiallights，birdsflyintolightedbuildings．由于受到人造光的吸引，鳥類飛進有光的建筑物里。分析：題目是說：光污染是如何影響野生動物？下列哪個說法不正確？關鍵詞就是wildlife,在最后一段里，可以找到內容：Lightpollutiondoesn’tonlyaffectstarvisibility．Itcanharmwildlifetoo．It’sclearthatartificiallightcallattractanimals，makingthemgooffcourse”（答案A）．There’sincreasingevidence．Forexample,thatmigratingbirdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,saysSydneyGauthreausJr.,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina．“Whenlightoccursatnight,”hesays,“ithasaverydisruptive（破壞性的）influence（答案C）．”Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowers（答案D），highrises，andcablesfromradioandtelevisiolltowers．Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.所以，答案B并未提到。5．Whichofthefollowingisclosest(最接近的)inmeaning（意思）tothetitle"LightNight，DarkStars"?A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack夜空是淺色的而星星是黑色的．B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark光顯現在夜晚而在黑暗中人們看見星星．C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskyandmakestarsinvisible城市的燈光照亮了夜空而使得星星已經無法看見．DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky．夜晚的城市的燈光照亮了天空中的星星。分析：本題是唯一的一道主旨題，所以需要縱觀全文。通過我們對前4題的解答，完全可以判斷出文章的主題就是說：由于不斷擴大的城市，越來越多的城市燈光，已經成為一種污染，使得天空中的星星黯然失色，所以答案就是C。例二：DecliningInterestinDevelopingForeignLanguageSkills1.Australia’sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,voiceofAmericahasreported.Newfiguresshowthatonly13percentofhighschoolgraduatescanspeakaforeignlanguage.Butfourdecadesago,40percenthadforeignlanguageskills.2.ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasinglystudentsdonotfeeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheircareer.ShebelievesthatAustralia’seconomicboom,whichisdrivenbyred-hotdemandforitsminerals,ishelpingmaskseriousdeficienciesinitslanguageskills.3.AustraliadoesbusinessverysuccessfullyinEnglishwithmostofitstradingpartners.Butastheworld’seconomicpowershiftstoemergingregionssuchasAsia,itslanguagegapcouldsoonbeexposed.Accordingtothenewfigures,lessthan6.5percentofhighschoolgraduatesareproficientinanAsianlanguage.AcademicsworrythatthismeansAustraliawillincreasinglybeisolatedfromitseconomicallyimportantAsianneighbors.DilipDutta,fromtheeconomicsandbusinessfacultyatSydneyUniversity,sayslanguageskillscanenhancetradingopportunities.IfAustralianswanttotradewithAsiancountries,itisveryimportantforthemtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemtogetclosertotheculture.4.ButstudentshavedifferentopinionsaboutAsianlanguagelearningPippaMcCowage,a22-year-oldAustralianstudent,saysmanyyoungAustralianshaveahalf-heartedapproachtoforeignlanguages,andthelanguagecurriculumisoftenweak.“Whilewe’reencouragedinhighschooltolearnanotherlanguage,it’snotreallyapparenttomeasarealisticexpectationthatyouwillhavetospeakit,”saidMcCowage.“Forexample,IlearnedJapaneseinhighschool,whenIwentonanexchangeinYear10,IfoundthattheJapanesestudentsofmyagehadamuchgreaterproficiencyinEnglishthanIdidinJapanese.Sointhatsense,italmostdiscouragesyou.5.Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia’smajorexportsgotoAsiaandtheAustraliangovernmenthasbeenkeenondevelopingclosereconomicanddiplomatictieswithAsia.Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomesoneoftheworld’seconomicpowerhouses,Australianeedstoimproveitslanguageskillsifitistotakefulladvantageofthebusinessopportunitiesonitsdoorstep.1.Howmuchpercentofhighschoolgraduateswereproficientinforeignlanguagesfortyyearsago?A.70. B)13. C)40. D)6.5.2.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?A)Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.B)Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.C)AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.D)Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.D.Increasetradingopportunities.4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernmentbeenkeenlyinterestedinstrengtheningtieswithAsia?A)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.B)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia’smajorexportsgo.C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternationalaffairs.5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby_______.A)college.B)institute.C)university.D)department.解題目：Declining衰退的Interest興趣inDeveloping發展、開發ForeignLanguage外語Skills技能，所以串在一起可以將之理解成：逐漸喪失提高外語技能的興趣。通過理解題目，我們可以推測一下，在文章中foreignlanguages和declininginterest應是核心詞。接下來，來看5道題的題目，對出題方式加以判斷：1，3，4都是細節題，而2題是推斷題；5題是詞語釋義題。針對不同出題方式的題目要以不同的方法加以應對。1.Howmuchpercent百分數ofhighschoolgraduates（高中畢業生）wereproficient（精通的）inforeignlanguagesfortyyearsago（40年前）?A)70. B)13. C)40. D)6.5.分析：這是細節題，關鍵詞：highschoolgraduates，fortyyearsago。位于第一題的位置，所以答案應該來源于第一段：Australia’sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,VoiceofAmericahasreported.Newfigures(數字)showthatonly13percentofhighschoolgraduatescanspeakaforeignlanguage.Butfourdecades(一個decade是10年)ago（40年前）,40percenthadforeignlanguageskills（答案的出處）.2.Whatcanbeinferred（推測出）fromparagraph2?A)Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.（澳大利亞有豐富的礦藏）B)Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.C)AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.D)Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.分析：題目中有infer，所以該題是推斷題。因此，需要讀第二段，尋找核心內容，主要是要找到關鍵句：ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasinglystudentsdonotfeeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheircareer.ShebelievesthatAustralia’seconomicboom（經濟的繁榮）,whichisdriven（受到驅動）byred-hot（非常有活力的）demand（要求）foritsminerals礦物（核心詞）,ishelpingmask掩蓋seriousdeficiencies不足initslanguageskills.注意：一般發現A、B、C、D四個選項中，哪個選項出現中心詞，一般該選項就是正確答案。3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.D.Increasetradingopportunities.分析：這是一道標準的細節題，中心詞就是：DilipDutta。帶著它，我們可以在第三段里搜索到相關的語句：DilipDutta,fromtheeconomiceandbusinessfacultyatSydneyUniversity,sayslanguageskillscanenhancetradingopportunities（答案D出處?。?IFAustralianswanttotradewithAsiancountries,itisveryimportantforthemtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemtogetclosertotheculture.4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernment（澳大利亞政府）beenkeenly（強烈地）interestedinstrengthening（加強）ties（聯系）withAsia（亞洲）?A)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.B)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia’smajorexportsgo.C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternationalaffairs.分析：從題目的類型來說，一定是細節題，找到核心詞：Australiangovernment，keenlyinterestedin，tieswithAsia。我們會發現核心詞沒有出現在第四段中，而在最后一段中出現了：Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia’smajorexports（主要的出口貨物）gotoAsiaand（該詞相當于so,因果關系連詞）theAustraliangovernmenthasbeenkeenondevelopingcloser（親密的）economic（經濟的）anddiplomatic（外交的）tieswithAsia（答案出處）.Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomesoneoftheworld’seconomicpowerhouses（支柱）,Australianeedstoimproveitslanguageskillsifitistotakefulladvantageofthebusinessopportunitiesonitsdoorstep.5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby_______.A)college學院. B)institute學會、研究所C)university大學. D)department系.分析：這是一道詞語釋義題。大家可以查字典，也可以根據單詞出現的前后文來判斷：DilipDutta,fromtheeconomics（經濟學）andbusiness（貿易）facultyatSydneyUniversity,。。。因為后面有...university,因此自然想到是大學里的“系”。例三：OlderVolcanicEruptions1.Volcanoesweremoredestructiveinancienthistory,notbecausetheywerebigger,butbecausethecarbondioxidetheyreleasedwipedoutlifegreaterease.2.PaulWignallfromtheUniversityofLeedswasinvestigatingthelinkbetweenvolcaniceruptionsandmassextinctions.Notallvolcaniceruptionskilledofflargenumbersofanimals,butallthemassextinctionsoverthepast300millionyearscoincidedwithhugeformationsofvolcanicrock.Tohissurprise,theolderthemassivevolcaniceruptionswere,themoremoredamagetheyseemedtodo.Hecalculatedthe“killingefficiency”forthesevolcanoesbycomparingtheproportionoflifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeoflavathattheyproduced.Hefoundthatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswereatleast10timesaseffectiveatwipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.3.ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250millionyearsago,ismarkedbyfloodsofvolcanicrockinSiberiathatcoveranarearoughlythesizeofwesternEurope.Thosevolcanoesarethoughttohavepumpedoutabout10gigatonnesofcarbonascarbondioxide.Theglobalwarmingthatfollowedwipedout80percentofallmarinegeneraatthetime,andittook5millionyearsfortheplanettorecover.Yet60millionyearsago,therewasanotherhugeamountofvolcanicactivityandglobalwarmingbutnomassextinction.Someanimalsdiddisappearbutthingsreturnedtonormalwithintenthousandsofyears.“Themostrecentoneshardlyhaveaneffectatall,”Wignallsays.Heignoredtheextinctionwhichwipedoutthedinosaurs65millionyearsago,becausemanyscientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofanasteroid.HethinksthatoldervolcanoeshadmorekillingpowerbecausemorerecentlifeformswerebetteradaptedtodealingwithincreasedlevelsofCO2.4.VincentCourtillot,directoroftheparisGeophysicalInstituteinFrance,saysthatWignall’sideaisprovocative.Buthesaysitisincrediblyhardtodothesesortsofcalculations.Hepointsoutthatthekillingpowerofvolcaniceruptionsdependsonhowlongtheylasted.Anditisimpossibletotellwhetherthehugeblastslastedforthousandsormillionsofyears.Healsoaddsthatitisdifficulttoestimatehowmuchlavaprehistoricvolcanoesproduced,andthatlavavolumemaynotnecessarilycorrespondtocarbondioxideemissions.1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecentones?A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.B.Becausetheywerebrighter.C.Becausetheywerelarger.D.Becausetheywerehotter.2.HowdidWignallcalculatethekillingpowerofthoseoldervolcaniceruptions?A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.D.Bycomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflavaproduced.3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?

A)300millionyearsago.B)250millionyearsago.C)60millionyearsago.D)65millionyearsago4.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3concerningdinosaurs?A)Theywerekilledoffbyanasteroid.B)Theydiedofdrasticclimatechange.C)Theywerewipedoffbyavolcaniceruption.D)Thecauseoftheirextinctionhasremainedacontroversialissue.5.Whatisthemainthesisofthearticle?A)Volcaniceruptionsarenotalwaysdeadly.B)Oldervolcaniceruptionsweremoredestructive.C)Carbondioxideemissionsoftengiverisetoglobalwarming.

D)Itisnoteasytocalculatethekillingpowerofavolcaniceruption.解標題：OlderVolcanic（火山的）Eruptions（噴發）本文講的是遠古火山噴發,所以oldervolcaniceruptions應是核心詞。1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecentones?（為什么遠古火山噴發比近期噴發損害更大？）A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.B.Becausetheywerebrighter.C.Becausetheywerelarger.D.Becausetheywerehotter.分析：細節題。第一題，一般在開頭段落尋找答案。Volcanoesweremoredestructive（更具有破壞性的）inancienthistory（在古代的勞歷史中）,notbecause（不是因為）theywerebigger,butbecause（而是因為）thecarbondioxide（二氧化碳）theyreleased（他們所釋放的，定語修飾前面的thecarbondioxide）wipedout擦去、抹去life生命greaterease（更容易）.句子是說：古代的火山更具殺傷力，不是因為它們更大，而是因為它們釋放出來的二氧化碳更容易把人殺死。所以答案A表述的內容同本段相符。2.How（如何，詢問方式）didWignallcalculate（計算）thekillingpower（殺傷力）ofthoseoldervolcaniceruptions?A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.通過估計他們持續多長時間。B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.通過數死去的恐龍的的數量C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.通過研究熔巖的化學構成。D.Bycomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflavaproduced.通過比較火山釋放出的熔巖的體積與殺死生命的比例。分析：毫無疑問這是細節題，核心詞就是人名：Wignall。PaulWignall（核心詞出現了，接下來的內容請大家注意了?。。。ゝromtheUniversityofLeedswasinvestigatingthelinkbetweenvolcaniceruptionsandmassextinctions.Notallvolcaniceruptionskilledofflargenumbersofanimals,butallthemassextinctionsoverthepast300millionyearscoincidedwithhugeformationsofvolcanicrock.Tohissurprise,theolderthemassivevolcaniceruptionswere,themoredamagetheyseemedtodo.He（代指Wignall）calculatedthe“killingefficiency（功效）forthesevolcanoesbycomparing（比較）theproportion（比例）oflifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeoflava（熔巖)thattheyproduced.(答案出處！)Hefoundthatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswereatleast10timesaseffectiveatwipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?恐龍什么時候滅絕的？

A)300millionyearsago.B)250millionyearsago.C)60millionyearsago.D)65millionyearsago分析：這是標準的細節題，核心詞：dinosaursbecomeextinct。而且這題的特點就是數字，所以在接下來的段落中大家要用筆標出所見到的數字加以判斷！ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250millionyearsago（答案B，但和dinosaursbecomeextinct沒有關系，不是答案！）,ismarkedbyfloodsofvolcanicrockinSiberiathatcoveranarearoughlythesizeofwesternEurope.Thosevolcanoesarethoughttohavepumpedoutabout10gigatonnesofcarbonascarbondioxide.Theglobalwarmingthatfollowedwipedout80percentofallmarinegeneraatthetime,andittook5millionyearsfortheplanettorecover.Yet60millionyearsago（答案C，但和dinosaursbecomeextinct沒有關系，不是答案?。?therewasanotherhugeamountofvolcanicactivityandglobalwarmingbutnomassextinction.Someanimalsdiddisappearbutthingsreturnedtonormalwithintenthousandsofyears.“Themostrecentoneshardlyhaveaneffectatall,”Wignallsays.Heignoredtheextinction（該詞是extinct的同根詞，所以含義應是一樣的！）whichwipedoutthedinosaurs(核心詞露面了！)65millionyearsago（這是答案D，所以這就是我們所要找的?。。。?becausemanyscientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofanasteroid.HethinksthatoldervolcanoeshadmorekillingpowerbecausemorerecentlifeformswerebetteradaptedtodealingwithincreasedlevelsofCO2.4.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3concerning（關于、涉及到）dinosaurs?A)Theywerekilledoffbyanasteroid（小行星）.B)Theydiedof（死于）drastic（急劇的）climatechange.C)Theywerewipedoffbyavolcaniceruption.D)Thecauseoftheirextinctionhasremainedacontroversial（有爭議的）issue.分析：題目就告訴我們這是一道推斷題，是第三段。這是一道比較難的題目。需要大家要讀懂句子，還要有推理能力：相關的句子：“Themostrecentoneshardlyhaveaneffectatall,”Wignallsays.Heignored（忽略、忽視）theextinctionwhichwipedoutthedinosaurs65millionyearsago,becausemanyscientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofanasteroid.Hethinksthatoldervolca